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Article ; Online: Comparison of various flow maldistribution quantification methods in mini heat exchangers.

Dąbrowski, Paweł

2023 Volume 13, Issue 1, Page(s) 11482

Abstract: The aim of study is to compare various flow maldistribution quantification methods, using velocity, mass flow rate, pressure, and temperature. An experimentally validated numerical study has been prepared and a heat exchanger with 34 semi-circular ... ...

Abstract	The aim of study is to compare various flow maldistribution quantification methods, using velocity, mass flow rate, pressure, and temperature. An experimentally validated numerical study has been prepared and a heat exchanger with 34 semi-circular channels with a diameter of 3.1 mm has been tested. The minichannels were heated from the bottom with a heat flux of 50, 60, 70, and 80 kW/m
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-17
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2615211-3
ISSN	2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
ISSN (online)	2045-2322
ISSN	2045-2322
DOI	10.1038/s41598-023-38784-5
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: The Symmetry of GPS Orbit Ascending Nodes

Dabrowski, Pawel S

Remote Sensing. 2021 Jan. 22, v. 13, no. 3

2021

Abstract: Theoretical nominal GPS orbits are parallel and share six ascending nodes of orbital planes. However, due to the perturbations and continuous modernization of the system, this state does not occur. The configuration of satellite orbits is continuously ... ...

Abstract	Theoretical nominal GPS orbits are parallel and share six ascending nodes of orbital planes. However, due to the perturbations and continuous modernization of the system, this state does not occur. The configuration of satellite orbits is continuously monitored by the control segment and presented regularly in the form of a GPS almanac. Almanacs, however, do not contain a parameter defining the convergence of orbits. This work presents a novel method of assessment of the configuration of orbit ascending nodes compared with the nominal constellation state. The method is a tool for space segment monitoring and detection of anomalies. The source data were 7035 System Effectiveness Model almanacs published from the 847th to 2123rd GPS weeks (March 1996–September 2020). The algorithm uses the procedure of assigning satellites to orbital planes and both the robust estimation and the least-squares methods to determine the estimates of the angular separation of orbit ascending nodes. A long-term analysis of the symmetry and trend of changes in the position of the ascending nodes was conducted. The study showed the occurrence of significant anomalies. The research provides information on the trend of satellite orbit separations and deviations of orbital planes from the initial hexagonal GPS symmetry.
Keywords	algorithms ; least squares ; modernization ; satellites
Language	English
Dates of publication	2021-0122
Publishing place	Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Document type	Article
Note	NAL-AP-2-clean
ZDB-ID	2513863-7
ISSN	2072-4292
ISSN	2072-4292
DOI	10.3390/rs13030387
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: A comparison of five methods to maximize RNA and DNA isolation yield from adipose tissue.

Dabrowski, Pawel / Rasmus, Marta / Jundzill, Arkadiusz / Drewa, Tomasz / Pokrywczynska, Marta

PeerJ

2024 Volume 12, Page(s) e17071

Abstract: Adipose tissue in the human body occurs in various forms with different functions. It is an energy store, a complex endocrine organ, and a source of cells used in medicine. Many molecular analyses require the isolation of nucleic acids, which can cause ... ...

Abstract	Adipose tissue in the human body occurs in various forms with different functions. It is an energy store, a complex endocrine organ, and a source of cells used in medicine. Many molecular analyses require the isolation of nucleic acids, which can cause some difficulties connected with the large amount of lipids in adipocytes. Ribonucleic acid isolation is particularly challenging due to its low stability and easy degradation by ribonucleases. The study aimed to compare and evaluate five RNA and DNA isolation methods from adipose tissue. The tested material was subcutaneous porcine adipose tissue subjected to different homogenization methods and RNA or DNA purification. A mortar and liquid nitrogen or ceramic beads were used for homogenization. The organic extraction (TriPure Reagent), spin columns with silica-membrane (RNeasy Mini Kit or High Pure PCR Template Preparation Kit), and the automatic MagNA Pure system were used for the purification. Five combinations were compared for RNA and DNA isolation. Obtained samples were evaluated for quantity and quality. The methods were compared in terms of yield (according to tissue mass), purity (A260/280 and A260/230), and nucleic acid degradation (RNA Integrity Number, RIN; DNA Integrity Number, DIN). The results were analyzed statistically. The average RNA yield was highest in method I, which used homogenization with ceramic beads and organic extraction. Low RNA concentration didn't allow us to measure degradation for all samples in method III (homogenization with ceramic beads and spin-column purification). The highest RNA quality was achieved with method IV using homogenization in liquid nitrogen and spin column purification, which makes it the most effective for RNA isolation from adipose tissue. Required values of DNA yield, purity, and integrity were achieved only with spin column-based methods (III and IV). The most effective method for DNA isolation from adipose tissue is method III, using spin-columns without additional homogenization.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; RNA/isolation & purification ; RNA/genetics ; Swine ; DNA/isolation & purification ; DNA/genetics ; Adipose Tissue/metabolism
Chemical Substances	RNA (63231-63-0) ; DNA (9007-49-2)
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-05-03
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Comparative Study ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2703241-3
ISSN	2167-8359 ; 2167-8359
ISSN (online)	2167-8359
ISSN	2167-8359
DOI	10.7717/peerj.17071
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Article: New Equations for the Estimation of the Age of the Formation of the Harris Lines.

Kulus, Michał J / Cebulski, Kamil / Kmiecik, Piotr / Sputa-Grzegrzółka, Patrycja / Grzelak, Joanna / Dąbrowski, Paweł

Life (Basel, Switzerland)

2024 Volume 14, Issue 4

Abstract: Harris Lines (HLs) are transverse, sclerotic lines that can be visualized by X-ray imaging and that occur in long bones, most commonly in the tibia and femur. HLs are associated with disrupted bone mineralization during endochondral ossification, ... ...

Abstract	Harris Lines (HLs) are transverse, sclerotic lines that can be visualized by X-ray imaging and that occur in long bones, most commonly in the tibia and femur. HLs are associated with disrupted bone mineralization during endochondral ossification, affecting the normal growth process. The etiology of HLs is debated, with some claims linking their presence to detrimental factors such as inflammation, malnutrition, alcohol abuse, and diseases. The age at which HLs form can be estimated based on their location, which allows for a retrospective assessment of the individual's health status during childhood or youth. The current study is concerned with providing new equations to estimate the age of Harris Line occurrences using a simple calculating tool. Bone growth curves were derived based on a dataset provided by Byers in 1991 using non-linear estimation. The best model was chosen with the Akaike Information Criterion. New and old methods were compared through Bland-Altman plots. As a result, we managed to produce reliable, well-fitted growth curves, concordant with previous methods.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-13
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2662250-6
ISSN	2075-1729
ISSN	2075-1729
DOI	10.3390/life14040501
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Article: Surface-Bound and Volatile Mo Oxides Produced During Oxidation of Single MoS

Szoszkiewicz, Robert / Rogala, Maciej / Dąbrowski, Paweł

Materials (Basel, Switzerland)

2020 Volume 13, Issue 14

Abstract: We report on the ... ...

Abstract	We report on the MoO
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-07-09
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2487261-1
ISSN	1996-1944
ISSN	1996-1944
DOI	10.3390/ma13143067
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Article: Dentists can provide reliable shear wave elastography measurements of the stiffness of masseter muscles: A possible scenario for a faster diagnostic process.

Olchowy, Cyprian / Olchowy, Anna / Hadzik, Jakub / Dąbrowski, Paweł / Mierzwa, Dorota

Advances in clinical and experimental medicine : official organ Wroclaw Medical University

2021 Volume 30, Issue 6, Page(s) 575–580

Abstract: Background: Masseter muscle pathologies include hypertrophy and the experience of pain, which clinically manifest with increased stiffness and tension. Assessment of muscle stiffness has been gaining importance among physicians dealing with ... ...

Abstract	Background: Masseter muscle pathologies include hypertrophy and the experience of pain, which clinically manifest with increased stiffness and tension. Assessment of muscle stiffness has been gaining importance among physicians dealing with temporomandibular disorders (TMD). Currently, shear wave elastography (SWE) is still often performed by radiologists, while dentists diagnose, treat and monitor TMD. Objectives: In this cohort study, we investigated whether dentists trained to use SWE can obtain reliable measurements of masseter muscle stiffness following participation in a short training program and hands-on workshop. Material and methods: A group of healthy volunteers was examined by an experienced radiologist and a novice dentist before and after the training. Results: The mean values of stiffness obtained by the operators were consistent and ranged from 10.20 kPa to 10.84 kPa. Intraobserver agreement was excellent for measurements of the radiologist (intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) 0.92 and 0.93, respectively). The training improved the agreement between measurements made by the dentist from poor before the training (ICC = 0.46) to good after the training (ICC = 0.89). Also, the operator agreement between the radiologist and dentist increased from poor (ICC = 0.48) before the training to good (ICC = 0.84) after the training. Conclusions: The diagnostic accuracy of measuring masseter muscle stiffness was acceptable among dentists after the training. For this reason, the patient can be diagnosed by a single TMD specialist. This can shorten the diagnostic process and reduce treatment costs.
MeSH term(s)	Cohort Studies ; Dentists ; Elasticity Imaging Techniques ; Humans ; Masseter Muscle ; Reproducibility of Results
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-06-01
Publishing country	Poland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2270257-X
ISSN	1899-5276 ; 1230-025X
ISSN	1899-5276 ; 1230-025X
DOI	10.17219/acem/134875
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Article ; Online: Nutritional reconstruction in an early modern population: Searching for a relationship between dental microwear and bone element composition.

Dąbrowski, Paweł / Kulus, Michał Jerzy / Grzelak, Joanna / Olchowy, Cyprian / Staniowski, Tomasz / Paulsen, Friedrich

Annals of anatomy = Anatomischer Anzeiger : official organ of the Anatomische Gesellschaft

2022 Volume 240, Page(s) 151884

Abstract: Background: Observing the microwear patterns of the dental crowns enamel surface can provide information on the ingredients and structure of the food consumed, but also on eating habits and lifestyle. Major role in reconstructing the diet and lifestyle ... ...

Abstract	Background: Observing the microwear patterns of the dental crowns enamel surface can provide information on the ingredients and structure of the food consumed, but also on eating habits and lifestyle. Major role in reconstructing the diet and lifestyle of past populations is played by the analysis of alkaline earth metals, such as strontium, barium, zinc and calcium. Ba and Sr are indicators of the consumption of vegetables, plants (cereals and legumes) and marine organisms. This study aims to assess dietary diversity and identify its components based on microscopic techniques and chemical analyses of material from early modern archaeological sites in Wrocław, Poland. Methods: The material consisted of 36 permanent molars and the intrasternal parts of 122 first ribs, collected from 6 Wroclaw early modern cemeteries. Tooth microwear was evaluated on Scanning electron microscopy images, with Microwear 4.02 software. Bone chemical composition (Ca, P, Ba, Sr content) was evaluated with mass spectrometry. Results: Most lines were present on the teeth from St. Mary Magdalene Cemetery, with the lowest average number of lines observed on the teeth from St. Barbara Cemetery. The Ca/P ratios calculated for different sites formed two clusters that allows to distinguish two groups of archaeological sites with different bone preservation status. Number of differences in Ba/Sr, Sr/Ca, Ba/Ca ratios was found between disctinct archaeological sites. A number of correlations were found between the concentration of the chemical elements, but no statistically significant correlation was found between the microwear characteristics and the proportion of the elements studied. Some strong correlations were found between microwear features and the Ca/P ratio. Conclusions: the different values of Sr/Ca, Ba/Ca and Ba/Sr ratios indicate different diets in the different communities. The data obtained indicate a mixed diet, with a relatively high proportion of animal products throughout Wrocław. Conclusions should be treated with caution due to secondary diagenesis. The lack of interdependence between microwear and chemical composition characteristics suggests that the two methods should be considered complementary and not overlapping, as they provide different insights into the diets of past populations. The comparison of microwear between different sites should always take into account secondary diagenesis and the burial environment, as these influence the characteristics of microwear.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Bone and Bones ; Diet ; Strontium ; Tooth ; Zinc
Chemical Substances	Zinc (J41CSQ7QDS) ; Strontium (YZS2RPE8LE)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-04
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1106738-x
ISSN	1618-0402 ; 0940-9602
ISSN (online)	1618-0402
ISSN	0940-9602
DOI	10.1016/j.aanat.2021.151884
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Article ; Online: Morphology of the antegonial notch and its utility in the determination of sex on skeletal materials.

Mączka, Grzegorz / Kulus, Michał / Grzelak, Joanna / Porwolik, Michał / Dobrzyński, Maciej / Dąbrowski, Paweł

Journal of anatomy

2022 Volume 241, Issue 4, Page(s) 919–927

Abstract: A number of criteria for the assessment of biological sex, which are applied to living or recently deceased individuals, have been developed, such as genetic, chromosomal, gonadal, hormonal, and phenotypic criteria. Features of a metric and descriptive ... ...

Abstract	A number of criteria for the assessment of biological sex, which are applied to living or recently deceased individuals, have been developed, such as genetic, chromosomal, gonadal, hormonal, and phenotypic criteria. Features of a metric and descriptive nature are used to assess the sex of skeletal materials. The diagnostic features of the skull are concentrated in the craniofacial region and around the eye sockets. The mandible is a diagnostically important part of the skull, on which a complex of features is visible. These features develop up to the third decade of life. The goal of the research was to assess the suitability of the parameters of the preangular notch, in other words, the length, height, and surface area for sex prediction applied to skeletal materials. The study included computed tomography images of the masticatory system of 194 patients, consisting of 83 females and 111 males, aged from 16 to 93 years. The three straight lines which correspond to the sides of the triangle representing the notch, in addition to its height, were determined and measured digitally. The receiver operating characteristic method was used to assess the usefulness of the studied features for the purposes of sex prediction. The sensitivity of the test ranged from 51.4% to 67% for the parameters of the preangular notch on the right-hand side, and from 44.4% to 80.2% on the left-hand side. The most reliable predictive models were obtained for two features (shown in the graphical abstract). However, when taking into account, the specificity and sensitivity of the tests presented here, only the length of side AB (a basal length of the notch) can be regarded as a feature that supports the assessment of sex on the basis of other diagnostic features of the mandible. The size and shape of the preangular notch should be treated as auxiliary features in the assessment of sex. For this reason, it is recommended that they should be applied simultaneously to the set of features described in the section on anthropological standards.
MeSH term(s)	Female ; Head ; Humans ; Male ; Mandible/anatomy & histology ; Sex Characteristics ; Skull/anatomy & histology
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-07-27
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2955-5
ISSN	1469-7580 ; 0021-8782
ISSN (online)	1469-7580
ISSN	0021-8782
DOI	10.1111/joa.13731
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Article ; Online: Selected thermal and flow issues in a reversed thermosiphon with a steam liquid lifter

Klugmann Michał / Dąbrowski Paweł / Mikielewicz Dariusz

E3S Web of Conferences, Vol 70, p

2018 Volume 02009

Abstract: The work presents initial studies of a reversed thermosiphon with a steam liquid lifter and a minigap evaporator. The main interest of the authors is the evaporator, especially the heat exchange efficiency and flow issues, such as maldistribution and ... ...

Abstract	The work presents initial studies of a reversed thermosiphon with a steam liquid lifter and a minigap evaporator. The main interest of the authors is the evaporator, especially the heat exchange efficiency and flow issues, such as maldistribution and pressure drop. However, because the thermosiphon circuit of such a construction is characterized by cyclic working conditions, which are quite difficult in analysis the authors focused on this specificity first. The article presents the concept of a test circuit and preliminary results for distilled water and for a minigap evaporator with a smooth heat exchange surface 100 x 200 mm and minigap thickness of 1 mm. Visualizations of the separator's work and the minigap boiling structures are presented.
Keywords	Environmental sciences ; GE1-350
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	EDP Sciences
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Distance of the cervical part of the internal carotid artery from the selected anatomical structures in the parapharyngeal space and its relation to patient characteristics.

Lis, Agnieszka / Zając, Hanna / Lachowski, Krzysztof / Zatoński, Tomasz / Olchowy, Anna / Dąbrowski, Paweł / Domagała, Zygmunt / Olchowy, Cyprian

Folia morphologica

2023

Abstract: Anomalies of the internal carotid artery (ICA) can increase the risk of haemorrhage during common surgical procedures. The aim of this literature review was to summarize the current state of knowledge on the course of the internal carotid artery in the ... ...

Abstract	Anomalies of the internal carotid artery (ICA) can increase the risk of haemorrhage during common surgical procedures. The aim of this literature review was to summarize the current state of knowledge on the course of the internal carotid artery in the parapharyngeal space, including the impact of the patient characteristics on the distances between the artery and other anatomical structures, as well as symptoms accompanying the aberrations. Pathologies related to the course of ICA in the parapharyngeal space are common (10%-60% in the general population and up to 84.4% in the elderly). In women, the distances in the oropharynx area are shorter than in men. Although the number of morphological studies is growing, providing more information on this topic, the identified studies differ in the methods and results. Knowledge on the variability in the course of ICA can help identify patients at high risk for the ICA trauma during pharyngeal procedures.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-07
Publishing country	Poland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	419361-1
ISSN	1644-3284 ; 0015-5659
ISSN (online)	1644-3284
ISSN	0015-5659
DOI	10.5603/FM.a2023.0042
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