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Article ; Online: Human IFIT proteins inhibit lytic replication of KSHV

Dajiang Li / Sankar Swaminathan

PLoS Pathogens, Vol 15, Iss 2, p e

A new feed-forward loop in the innate immune system.

2019 Volume 1007609

Abstract: Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) is causally associated with Kaposi's sarcoma, primary effusion lymphoma (PEL) and multicentric Castleman's disease. The IFIT family of proteins inhibits replication of some viruses, but their effects on KSHV ...

Abstract	Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) is causally associated with Kaposi's sarcoma, primary effusion lymphoma (PEL) and multicentric Castleman's disease. The IFIT family of proteins inhibits replication of some viruses, but their effects on KSHV lytic replication was unknown. Here we show that KSHV lytic replication induces IFIT expression in epithelial cells. Depletion of IFIT1, IFIT2 and IFIT3 (IFITs) increased infectious KSHV virion production 25-32-fold compared to that in control cells. KSHV lytic gene expression was upregulated broadly with preferential activation of several genes involved in lytic viral replication. Intracellular KSHV genome numbers were also increased by IFIT knockdown, consistent with inhibition of KSHV DNA replication by IFITs. RNA seq demonstrated that IFIT depletion also led to downregulation of IFN β and several interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs), especially OAS proteins. OAS down-regulation led to decreased RNase L activity and slightly increased total RNA yield. IFIT immunoprecipitation also showed that IFIT1 bound to viral mRNAs and cellular capped mRNAs but not to uncapped RNA or trimethylated RNAs, suggesting that IFIT1 may also inhibit viral mRNA expression through direct binding. In summary, IFIT inhibits KSHV lytic replication through positively regulating the IFN β and OAS RNase L pathway to degrade RNA in addition to possibly directly targeting viral mRNAs.
Keywords	Immunologic diseases. Allergy ; RC581-607 ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
Subject code	570
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-02-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Recognition of Coat Pattern Variation and Broken Tail Phenomenon in the Asiatic Golden Cat ( Catopuma temminckii )

Yuan Wang / Dajiang Li / Pubu Dunzhu / Wulin Liu / Limin Feng / Kun Jin

Animals, Vol 12, Iss 1420, p

2022 Volume 1420

Abstract: The Asian golden cat ( Catopuma temminckii ) is the most varied wild cat species in terms of coat color. Understanding coat pattern variation will help to elucidate the mechanisms behind it as well as its relationship with the environment. We conducted ... ...

Abstract	The Asian golden cat ( Catopuma temminckii ) is the most varied wild cat species in terms of coat color. Understanding coat pattern variation will help to elucidate the mechanisms behind it as well as its relationship with the environment. We conducted long-term (2013–2021) monitoring of Asian golden cats in the Yarlung Zangbo Grand Canyon National Nature Reserve, Tibet, using camera traps at 283 points over 89,991 camera days. A total of 620 cat photos were recorded, including 344 (55.48%) with recognizable color patterns. Vector graphics of the coat patterns were extracted from the field image data, which revealed 10 color types in the ratio common: cinnamon: reddish-brown long hair: ocelot: blackening: melanistic: gray: brown: brown short hair: pure black = 123:76:57:35:22:8:7:7:5:4. The genes for coat pattern variation are widespread in the Asian golden cat population and are relatively stable. The increase in population size intraspecific competition has led to the tail break phenotype in individual cats. The gene encoding for tail breakage in Asian golden cats remains unknown. This study provides basic information for understanding faunal diversity in the Eastern Himalayan biodiversity hotspot and serves as a reference for studies on the formation mechanisms for feline color pattern diversity.
Keywords	Asiatic golden cat ( Catopuma temminckii ) ; coat morph ; recessive gene ; camera trap ; Yarlung Zangbo Grand Canyon National Nature Reserve ; broken tail phenomenon ; Veterinary medicine ; SF600-1100 ; Zoology ; QL1-991
Subject code	333
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-05-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Continuous DNA replication is required for late gene transcription and maintenance of replication compartments in gammaherpesviruses.

Dajiang Li / Wenmin Fu / Sankar Swaminathan

PLoS Pathogens, Vol 14, Iss 5, p e

2018 Volume 1007070

Abstract: Late gene transcription in herpesviruses is dependent on viral DNA replication in cis but the mechanistic basis for this linkage remains unknown. DNA replication results in demethylated DNA, topological changes, removal of proteins and recruitment of ... ...

Abstract	Late gene transcription in herpesviruses is dependent on viral DNA replication in cis but the mechanistic basis for this linkage remains unknown. DNA replication results in demethylated DNA, topological changes, removal of proteins and recruitment of proteins to promoters. One or more of these effects of DNA replication may facilitate late gene transcription. Using 5-azacytidine to promote demethylation of DNA, we demonstrate that late gene transcription cannot be rescued by DNA demethylation. Late gene transcription precedes significant increases in DNA copy number, indicating that increased template numbers also do not contribute to the linkage between replication and late gene transcription. By using serial, timed blockade of DNA replication and measurement of late gene mRNA accumulation, we demonstrate that late gene transcription requires ongoing DNA replication. Consistent with these findings, blocking DNA replication led to dissolution of DNA replication complexes which also contain RNA polymerase II and BGLF4, an EBV protein required for transcription of several late genes. These data indicate that ongoing DNA replication maintains integrity of a replication-transcription complex which is required for recruitment and retention of factors necessary for late gene transcription.
Keywords	Immunologic diseases. Allergy ; RC581-607 ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-05-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Comparison of open liver resection and RFA for the treatment of solitary 3-5-cmhepatocellular carcinoma: a retrospective study.

Jianyong, Lei / Lunan, Yan / Dajiang, Li / Wentao, Wang

BMC surgery

2019 Volume 19, Issue 1, Page(s) 195

Abstract: Background: The goal of this study was to compare the postoperative results of liver resection and radiofrequency ablation (RFA) for the treatment of small hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) (3-5 cm).: Patients and methods: We retrospectively collected ... ...

Abstract	Background: The goal of this study was to compare the postoperative results of liver resection and radiofrequency ablation (RFA) for the treatment of small hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) (3-5 cm). Patients and methods: We retrospectively collected 122 cases of small solitary HCC treated at our center from Jan 2011 to Dec 2015, with diameters in the range of 3-5 cm. According to the treatment program received at our center, the patients were divided into liver resection (72 patients) and RFA (50 patients) groups. Result: In comparison with the RFA group, the resection group had a longer operative time, greater intraoperative blood loss (P < 0.01), more hepatic inflow occlusion, and a longer postoperative hospital stay (P < 0.01). The 1-, 3-, and 5-year expected overall survival rates and tumor-free survival rates were comparable between the two groups. Cox regression analysis showed that neither resection nor RFA was a significant risk factor for overall or tumor-free survival in HCC. Conclusions: For solitary HCC of 3-5 cm in diameter, RFA can achieve better in-hospital clinical results and similar long-term outcomes than resection and can be considered for wide application, especially for central-location cases.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Aged ; Blood Loss, Surgical ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/surgery ; Catheter Ablation/adverse effects ; Disease-Free Survival ; Female ; Hepatectomy/adverse effects ; Hepatectomy/methods ; Humans ; Length of Stay ; Liver Neoplasms/surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Operative Time ; Postoperative Complications ; Retrospective Studies ; Survival Rate
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-12-16
Publishing country	England
Document type	Comparative Study ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2050442-1
ISSN	1471-2482 ; 1471-2482
ISSN (online)	1471-2482
ISSN	1471-2482
DOI	10.1186/s12893-019-0663-9
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Morphological, Phaneroptic, Habitat and Population Description of Three Muntjac Species in a Tibetan Nature Reserve

Yuan Wang / Dajiang Li / Guanglong Wang / Pu Bu Dun Zhu / Wulin Liu / Cheng Li / Kun Jin

Animals, Vol 12, Iss 2909, p

2022 Volume 2909

Abstract: Researchers have proposed a variety of classification schemes for the species in the genus Muntiacus (Artiodactyla: Cervidae) based on morphological, molecular, and other evidence, but disputes remain. The Tibetan Yarlung Zangbo Grand Canyon National ... ...

Abstract	Researchers have proposed a variety of classification schemes for the species in the genus Muntiacus (Artiodactyla: Cervidae) based on morphological, molecular, and other evidence, but disputes remain. The Tibetan Yarlung Zangbo Grand Canyon National Nature Reserve in the Eastern Himalayas is an area with a rich diversity of muntjac species. The habitats of many species overlap in this area, but systematic research in this area is lacking. To clarify the species, population and habitat size of muntjac species in the study area, we used camera-traps to monitor muntjacs in the nature reserve from 2013 to 2021 and described and compared morphological characteristics of the muntjac species. Subsequently, we used the MaxEnt model to simulate the habitats of the muntjac species and the Random Encounter Model to estimate the population density and numbers of muntjacs. Three muntjac species were found in the area, namely Muntiacus vaginalis (n = 7788 ± 3866), Muntiacus gongshanensis (n = 6673 ± 2121), and Muntiacus feae (n = 3142 ± 942). The red muntjac has the largest habitat area, the highest population density, and largest size, followed by Gongshan muntjac and Fea’s muntjac. This study provides basic data for improving the background knowledge of the animal diversity in the Eastern Himalayan biodiversity hotspot, as well as detailed information and references required by wildlife workers for species identification.
Keywords	red muntjac ( Muntiacus vaginalis ) ; Gongshan muntjac ( Muntiacus gongshanensis ) ; Fea’s muntjac ( Muntiacus feae ) ; camera trap ; Yarlung Zangbo Grand Canyon National Nature Reserve ; habitat ; Veterinary medicine ; SF600-1100 ; Zoology ; QL1-991
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-10-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: An Integrative Bioinformatics Analysis of the Potential Mechanisms Involved in Propofol Affecting Hippocampal Neuronal Cells

Zhao Zhuang / Dajiang Li / Mengmeng Jiang / Ye Wang / Qianqian Cao / Shenfeng Li / Ruixue Luan / Lina Sun / Shoushi Wang

Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience, Vol

2022 Volume 2022

Abstract: The aim of this study is to probe the possible molecular mechanisms underlying the effects of propofol on HT22 cells. HT22 cells treated with different concentrations were sequenced, and then the results of the sequencing were analyzed for dynamic trends. ...

Abstract	The aim of this study is to probe the possible molecular mechanisms underlying the effects of propofol on HT22 cells. HT22 cells treated with different concentrations were sequenced, and then the results of the sequencing were analyzed for dynamic trends. Expression pattern clustering analysis was performed to demonstrate the expression of genes in the significant trend modules in each group of samples. We first chose the genes related to the trend module for WGCNA analysis, then constructed the PPI network of module genes related to propofol treatment group, and screened the key genes. Finally, GSEA analysis was performed on the key genes. Overall, 2,506 genes showed a decreasing trend with increasing propofol concentration, and 1,871 genes showed an increasing trend with increasing propofol concentration. WGCNA analysis showed that among them, turquoise panel genes were negatively correlated with propofol treatment, and genes with Cor R >0.9 in the turquoise panel were selected for PPI network construction. The MCC algorithm screened a total of five key genes (CD86, IL10RA, PTPRC, SPI1, and ITGAM). GSEA analysis showed that CD86, IL10RA, PTPRC, SPI1, and ITGAM are involved in the PRION_DISEASES pathway. Our study showed that propofol sedation can affect mRNA expression in the hippocampus, providing new ideas to identify treatment of nerve injury induced by propofol anesthesia.
Keywords	Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics ; R858-859.7 ; Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry ; RC321-571
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Hindawi Limited
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Deep latency

Maher M. Elsheikh / Yuyang Tang / Dajiang Li / Guochun Jiang

EBioMedicine, Vol 45, Iss , Pp 624-

A new insight into a functional HIV cure

2019 Volume 629

Abstract: Latent HIV reservoir is the main obstacle that prevents a cure for HIV-1 (HIV). While antiretroviral therapy is effective in controlling viral replication, it cannot eliminate latent HIV reservoirs in patients. Several strategies have been proposed to ... ...

Abstract	Latent HIV reservoir is the main obstacle that prevents a cure for HIV-1 (HIV). While antiretroviral therapy is effective in controlling viral replication, it cannot eliminate latent HIV reservoirs in patients. Several strategies have been proposed to combat HIV latency, including bone marrow transplantation to replace blood cells with CCR5-mutated stem cells, gene editing to disrupt the HIV genome, and “Shock and Kill” to reactivate latent HIV followed by an immune clearance. However, high risks and limitations to scale-up in clinics, off-target effects in human genomes or failure to reduce reservoir sizes in patients hampered our current efforts to achieve an HIV cure. This necessitates alternative strategies to control the latent HIV reservoirs. This review will discuss an emerging strategy aimed to deeply silence HIV reservoirs, the development of this concept, its potential and caveats for HIV remission/cure, and prospective directions for silencing the latent HIV, thereby preventing viruses from rebound. Keywords: HIV latency, Shock and kill, HIV reservoirs, Deep latency, Transcription
Keywords	Medicine ; R ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-07-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Elsevier
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Crotonylation sensitizes IAPi-induced disruption of latent HIV by enhancing p100 cleavage into p52

Dajiang Li / Morgan G. Dewey / Li Wang / Shane D. Falcinelli / Lilly M. Wong / Yuyang Tang / Edward P. Browne / Xian Chen / Nancie M. Archin / David M. Margolis / Guochun Jiang

iScience, Vol 25, Iss 1, Pp 103649- (2022)

2022

Abstract: Summary: The eradication of HIV infection is difficult to achieve because of stable viral reservoirs. Here, we show that crotonylation enhances AZD5582-induced noncanonical NF-κB (ncNF-κB) signaling, further augmenting HIV latency reversal in Jurkat and ... ...

Abstract	Summary: The eradication of HIV infection is difficult to achieve because of stable viral reservoirs. Here, we show that crotonylation enhances AZD5582-induced noncanonical NF-κB (ncNF-κB) signaling, further augmenting HIV latency reversal in Jurkat and U1 cell line models of latency, HIV latently infected primary CD4+ T cells and resting CD4+ T cells isolated from people living with HIV. Crotonylation upregulated the levels of the active p52 subunit of NF-κB following AZD5582. Biochemical analyses suggest that the ubiquitin E3 ligase TRIM27 is involved in enhanced p100 cleavage to p52. When TRIM27 was depleted, AZD5582-induced HIV latency reversal was reduced. TRIM27 small interfering RNA (siRNA) knockdown reduced both p100 and p52 levels without inhibiting p100 transcription, indicating that TRIM27 not only acts on p100 cleavage but also may impact p100/p52 stability. These observations reveal the complexity of HIV transcriptional machinery, particularly of NF-κB.
Keywords	Immunology ; Virology ; Science ; Q
Subject code	570
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Elsevier
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: A polysaccharide from Pinellia ternata inhibits cell proliferation and metastasis in human cholangiocarcinoma cells by targeting of Cdc42 and 67kDa Laminin Receptor (LR)

Li, Yong / Dajiang Li / Jian Chen / Shuguang Wang

International journal of biological macromolecules. 2016 Dec., v. 93

2016

Abstract: In this study, we isolated and purified a polysaccharide (PTPA) from the tubers of Pinellia ternate. We aimed to evaluate the cytotoxic effects of PTPA on human cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) cell lines and to identify the underlying molecular mechanism. PTPA ... ...

Abstract	In this study, we isolated and purified a polysaccharide (PTPA) from the tubers of Pinellia ternate. We aimed to evaluate the cytotoxic effects of PTPA on human cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) cell lines and to identify the underlying molecular mechanism. PTPA at the dose from 25 to 200Î¼g/mL showed significant inhibitory effect on the proliferation of four cancer cell lines (SNU-245, CL-6, Sk-ChA-1 and MZ-ChA-1), among which Sk-ChA-1 was a most sensitive cell line to PTPA treatment via induction of apoptosis. Interestingly, RNA interference of Sk-ChA-1 cells with 67LR or Cdc42-targeted shRNAs resulted a similar potency in decreasing cell viability and causing apoptotic death. Moreover, PTPA (100Î¼g/mL) or 67LR or Cdc42 special shRNAs increased the ratio of pro-apoptotic Bax to anti-apoptotic Bcl-2, induced the activation of caspase-9 and caspase-3, but not caspsase-8, and inhibited the expression of 67LR or Cdc42 protein in Sk-ChA-1 cells. Taken together, the inhibitory effect of PTPA on the cell growth of Sk-ChA-1 cells was at least in part mediated via the activation of the intrinsic mitochondrial apoptotic pathway and the downregulation of 67LR or Cdc42 protein expression. Thus, PTPA may be developed as a promising candidate for chemopreventive agent in the prevention and treatment of human CCA.
Keywords	apoptosis ; caspase-3 ; caspase-9 ; cell growth ; cell proliferation ; cell viability ; chemoprevention ; cytotoxicity ; humans ; laminin ; metastasis ; mitochondria ; neoplasms ; Pinellia ternata ; polysaccharides ; protein synthesis ; RNA interference ; tubers
Language	English
Dates of publication	2016-12
Size	p. 520-525.
Publishing place	Elsevier B.V.
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	282732-3
ISSN	1879-0003 ; 0141-8130
ISSN (online)	1879-0003
ISSN	0141-8130
DOI	10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.08.069
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Brain microglia serve as a persistent HIV reservoir despite durable antiretroviral therapy

Yuyang Tang / Antoine Chaillon / Sara Gianella / Lilly M. Wong / Dajiang Li / Theresa L. Simermeyer / Magali Porrachia / Caroline Ignacio / Brendon Woodworth / Daniel Zhong / Jiayi Du / Eduardo de la Parra Polina / Jennifer Kirchherr / Brigitte Allard / Matthew L. Clohosey / Matt Moeser / Amy L. Sondgeroth / Gregory D. Whitehill / Vidisha Singh /

Amir Dashti / Davey M. Smith / Joseph J. Eron / Katherine J. Bar / Ann Chahroudi / Sarah B. Joseph / Nancie M. Archin / David M. Margolis / Guochun Jiang

The Journal of Clinical Investigation, Vol 133, Iss

2023 Volume 12

Abstract: Brain microglia (MG) may serve as a human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV) reservoir and ignite rebound viremia following cessation of antiretroviral therapy (ART), but they have yet to be proven to harbor replication-competent HIV. Here, we isolated brain ...

Abstract	Brain microglia (MG) may serve as a human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV) reservoir and ignite rebound viremia following cessation of antiretroviral therapy (ART), but they have yet to be proven to harbor replication-competent HIV. Here, we isolated brain myeloid cells (BrMCs) from nonhuman primates and rapid autopsy of people with HIV (PWH) on ART and sought evidence of persistent viral infection. BrMCs predominantly displayed microglial markers, in which up to 99.9% of the BrMCs were TMEM119+ MG. Total and integrated SIV or HIV DNA was detectable in the MG, with low levels of cell-associated viral RNA. Provirus in MG was highly sensitive to epigenetic inhibition. Outgrowth virus from parietal cortex MG in an individual with HIV productively infected both MG and PBMCs. This inducible, replication-competent virus and virus from basal ganglia proviral DNA were closely related but highly divergent from variants in peripheral compartments. Phenotyping studies characterized brain-derived virus as macrophage tropic based on the ability of the virus to infect cells expressing low levels of CD4. The lack of genetic diversity in virus from the brain suggests that this macrophage-tropic lineage quickly colonized brain regions. These data demonstrate that MG harbor replication-competent HIV and serve as a persistent reservoir in the brain.
Keywords	AIDS/HIV ; Medicine ; R
Subject code	616
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	American Society for Clinical Investigation
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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