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  1. Article ; Online: Interactions between emotion regulation and everyday flexibility in anorexia nervosa: Preliminary evidence of associations with clinical outcomes.

    Dann, Kelly M / Hay, Phillipa / Touyz, Stephen

    Eating disorders

    2022  Volume 31, Issue 2, Page(s) 139–150

    Abstract: The current study explored interactions between emotion regulation (ER) and cognitive-behavioral flexibility in everyday life in individuals with anorexia nervosa (AN). Participants were 97 female adults with current (57%) or past (43%) full or partial ... ...

    Abstract The current study explored interactions between emotion regulation (ER) and cognitive-behavioral flexibility in everyday life in individuals with anorexia nervosa (AN). Participants were 97 female adults with current (57%) or past (43%) full or partial AN syndrome diagnosis. Participants completed the Difficulties with Emotion Regulation Scale, Emotion Regulation Questionnaire, Eating Disorder Flexibility Index, Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire and Depression Anxiety Stress Scale short form. Lower flexibility was a strong independent predictor of more severe ED-related cognitions and higher frequency of compensatory behaviors beyond individual differences in emotion regulation and mood. ER measures did not predict clinical characteristics. However, two interactions between flexibility and ER measures were observed which suggested there was a stronger association between greater flexibility and higher BMI for individuals with either higher levels of cognitive reappraisal use, or higher levels of global ER difficulties. Interactions between flexibility and emotion regulation provide evidence that co-occurring difficulties may impact clinical outcomes in AN.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Humans ; Female ; Anorexia Nervosa/psychology ; Emotions/physiology ; Emotional Regulation ; Feeding and Eating Disorders ; Cognition
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-06-14
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1209799-8
    ISSN 1532-530X ; 1064-0266 ; 1067-1633
    ISSN (online) 1532-530X
    ISSN 1064-0266 ; 1067-1633
    DOI 10.1080/10640266.2022.2076337
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 4394: Show issues Location:
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  2. Article: Are poor set-shifting and central coherence associated with everyday function in anorexia nervosa? A systematic review.

    Dann, Kelly M / Hay, Phillipa / Touyz, Stephen

    Journal of eating disorders

    2021  Volume 9, Issue 1, Page(s) 40

    Abstract: Background: There is increasing interest in associations between cognitive impairments and clinical symptoms in Anorexia Nervosa (AN), however, the relationship with everyday function is unclear. The current review synthesizes existing data regarding ... ...

    Abstract Background: There is increasing interest in associations between cognitive impairments and clinical symptoms in Anorexia Nervosa (AN), however, the relationship with everyday function is unclear. The current review synthesizes existing data regarding associations between scores on tests of set-shifting and central coherence and functional outcome measures for individuals with AN.
    Method: A systematic electronic database search yielded 13 studies which included participants with current or lifetime AN where scores on a neuropsychological test of set-shifting or central coherence were directly or indirectly compared to a functional outcome measure.
    Results: Associations between set-shifting and central coherence performance measures and functional outcomes were limited in number and noted only in adult or mixed-age cohorts. Associations were noted at subscale level, suggesting they are specific in nature. In younger cohorts, assessments of executive functioning in everyday life appear sensitive to cognitive-behavioral flexibility issues.
    Conclusions: Associations between cognitive performance and functional outcome have not been as systematically assessed in AN as in other psychiatric disorders. Key factors to address in future research include: (a) the use of function measures which are sensitive to both the level of impairment, and specific rather than general impairments (b) the ecological validity of measures, (c) the task impurity problem, especially in regard to cognitive flexibility assessment, and (d) the need to measure both cognitive deficits and strengths, because tests of specific cognitive processes may underestimate the ability to function in daily life due to compensatory strategies.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-03-29
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2699357-0
    ISSN 2050-2974
    ISSN 2050-2974
    DOI 10.1186/s40337-021-00392-x
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Morphological preview effects in English are restricted to suffixed words.

    Dann, Kelly M / Veldre, Aaron / Andrews, Sally

    Journal of experimental psychology. Learning, memory, and cognition

    2021  Volume 47, Issue 8, Page(s) 1338–1352

    Abstract: Much of the evidence for morphological decomposition accounts of complex word identification has relied on the masked-priming paradigm. However, morphologically complex words are typically encountered in sentence contexts and processing begins before a ... ...

    Abstract Much of the evidence for morphological decomposition accounts of complex word identification has relied on the masked-priming paradigm. However, morphologically complex words are typically encountered in sentence contexts and processing begins before a word is fixated, when it is in the parafovea. To evaluate whether the single word-identification data generalize to natural reading, Experiment 1 investigated the contribution of morphological structure to the very earliest stages of lexical processing indexed by preview effects during sentence reading in the gaze-contingent boundary paradigm. Preview conditions systematically assessed the impact of prefixed and suffixed nonword previews that manipulated stem and affix overlap, and affix status, against an orthographically legal control baseline. Initial fixations on suffixed target words showed a preview benefit from nonwords that combined the target stem with a legitimate affix, but not with a nonaffix, whereas prefixed targets only benefited from an identical preview. When presented in a masked prime lexical-decision task in Experiment 2, the same stimuli yielded equivalent stem priming from suffixed and prefixed primes regardless of affix status, consistent with previous masked priming studies using similar nonword primes. The early effects of morphological structure selectively observed on parafoveal processing of suffixed words are inconsistent with recent nonmorphological, position-invariant accounts of embedded stem activation. These results provide the first evidence of morphological parafoveal processing in English and contribute to recent evidence that readers extract a higher level of information from the parafovea during natural reading than was previously assumed. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Language ; Motor Activity ; Pattern Recognition, Visual ; Reading ; Research Design
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-05-20
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 627313-0
    ISSN 1939-1285 ; 0278-7393
    ISSN (online) 1939-1285
    ISSN 0278-7393
    DOI 10.1037/xlm0001029
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    Zs.A 2253: Show issues Location:
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  4. Article ; Online: Everyday flexibility and functional milestones in anorexia nervosa: survey results from a mixed community sample.

    Dann, Kelly M / Hay, Phillipa / Touyz, Stephen

    Eating and weight disorders : EWD

    2021  Volume 27, Issue 5, Page(s) 1641–1650

    Abstract: Purpose: This study examined the relationship between self-reported cognitive-behavioral flexibility scores on the Eating Disorder Flexibility Index (EDFLIX) and objective social and occupational functional milestones in participants with a lifetime ... ...

    Abstract Purpose: This study examined the relationship between self-reported cognitive-behavioral flexibility scores on the Eating Disorder Flexibility Index (EDFLIX) and objective social and occupational functional milestones in participants with a lifetime diagnosis of anorexia nervosa (AN). The Work and Social Adjustment Scale (WSAS) was included to compare objective and subjective measures.
    Methods: 114 female adult participants with a current (53.5%) or past (46.5%) full or partial AN syndrome diagnosis completed an online survey which included functional milestone questions, the EDFLIX, WSAS, EDE-Q, and DASS-21.
    Results: Everyday flexibility scores were significantly associated with WSAS scores, but not functional milestones for the same domain. Lower flexibility was related to higher WSAS work impairment but was not associated with poor occupational outcomes. Lower flexibility was related to higher WSAS social impairment but was not associated with less frequent social contact with friends. Milestones across work, social and relationship areas were not significantly correlated, suggesting individuals have areas of strength and weakness across functional domains. In contrast, WSAS ratings indicated broad functional impairment.
    Conclusion: Results from the milestones suggest self-reported cognitive-behavioral flexibility is not a strong determinant of everyday function. Results from the subjective WSAS function measure and the more objective functional milestones were not consistent. To obtain a more balanced assessment of everyday functioning in AN, both subjective and objective measures should be considered.
    Level of evidence: Level III Case-control analytic study.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Anorexia Nervosa ; Case-Control Studies ; Feeding and Eating Disorders ; Female ; Humans ; Self Report ; Surveys and Questionnaires
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-09-22
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2038625-4
    ISSN 1590-1262 ; 1124-4909
    ISSN (online) 1590-1262
    ISSN 1124-4909
    DOI 10.1007/s40519-021-01300-7
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    Zs.A 5566: Show issues Location:
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  5. Article ; Online: Measuring cognitive flexibility in anorexia nervosa: Wisconsin Card Sorting Test versus cued task-switching.

    Dann, Kelly M / Veldre, Aaron / Miles, Stephanie / Sumner, Philip / Hay, Phillipa / Touyz, Stephen

    Eating and weight disorders : EWD

    2023  Volume 28, Issue 1, Page(s) 60

    Abstract: Purpose: The Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) is the most common measure of cognitive flexibility in anorexia nervosa (AN), but task-switching paradigms are beginning to be utilized. The current study directly compared performance on a cued task- ... ...

    Abstract Purpose: The Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) is the most common measure of cognitive flexibility in anorexia nervosa (AN), but task-switching paradigms are beginning to be utilized. The current study directly compared performance on a cued task-switching measure and the WCST to evaluate their association in participants with a lifetime diagnosis of AN, and to assess which measure is more strongly associated with clinical symptoms.
    Methods: Forty-five women with a lifetime diagnosis of AN completed the WCST, cued color-shape task-switching paradigm, Anti-saccade Keyboard Task, Running Memory Span, Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire, Depression Anxiety Stress Scales short form and Eating Disorder Flexibility Index.
    Results: There was no evidence of a significant association between WCST perseverative errors and cued task-switching switch costs. Results suggest lower working memory capacity is a determinant of higher perseverative error rate. When controlling for mood variables, neither cognitive flexibility measure was a significant independent predictor of symptom severity.
    Conclusions: Results provide support for previous suggestions that WCST perseverative errors could occur due to difficulties with working memory, sensitivity to feedback, and issues with concept formation. Cued task-switching paradigms may provide a useful measure of cognitive flexibility for future eating disorders research by reducing task-specific confounds.
    Level of evidence: Level III Case-control analytic study.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Female ; Wisconsin Card Sorting Test ; Anorexia Nervosa/psychology ; Neuropsychological Tests ; Memory, Short-Term ; Cognition
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-07-18
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2038625-4
    ISSN 1590-1262 ; 1124-4909
    ISSN (online) 1590-1262
    ISSN 1124-4909
    DOI 10.1007/s40519-023-01589-6
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 5566: Show issues Location:
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  6. Article ; Online: Assessing cognitive flexibility in anorexia nervosa using eye tracking: A registered report.

    Dann, Kelly M / Veldre, Aaron / Hay, Phillipa / Touyz, Stephen / Andrews, Sally

    The International journal of eating disorders

    2022  Volume 55, Issue 10, Page(s) 1411–1417

    Abstract: Objective: Cognitive flexibility research in anorexia nervosa (AN) has primarily focused on group differences between clinical and control participants, but research in the general population utilizing the mixed pro- anti-saccade flexibility task has ... ...

    Abstract Objective: Cognitive flexibility research in anorexia nervosa (AN) has primarily focused on group differences between clinical and control participants, but research in the general population utilizing the mixed pro- anti-saccade flexibility task has demonstrated individual differences in trait anxiety are a determinant of switching performance, and switching impairments are more pronounced for keypress than saccadic (eye-movement) responses. The aim of the current research is to explore trait anxiety and differences in saccadic and keypress responding as potential determinants of performance on flexibility tasks in AN.
    Method: We will compare performance on the mixed pro- anti-saccade paradigm between female adult participants with a current diagnosis of AN and matched control participants, observing both saccadic and keypress responses while controlling for trait anxiety (State - Trait Anxiety Inventory) and spatial working memory (Corsi Block Tapping Test). Associations with eating disorder-related symptoms (Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire), flexibility in everyday life (Eating Disorder Flexibility Index), and the Clinical Perfectionism Questionnaire will also be assessed.
    Results: Data which controls for individual differences in trait anxiety and assesses flexibility at both the task- and response-set level may be used to more accurately understand differences in performance on cognitive flexibility tasks by participants with AN.
    Discussion: Clarifying the effects of trait anxiety on flexibility, and differences between task- and response-set switching may advance our understanding of how cognitive flexibility relates to flexibility in everyday life and improve translation to therapeutic approaches.
    Public significance statement: This research will compare performance on a flexibility task between participants with anorexia nervosa (AN) and controls while observing their eye-movements to examine whether trait anxiety and type of response (eye-movement and keypress) are associated with performance. This data may improve our understanding of why participants with AN perform more poorly on cognitive flexibility tasks, and how poor cognitive flexibility relates to eating disorder-related issues with flexibility in everyday life.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Anorexia Nervosa/complications ; Anorexia Nervosa/diagnosis ; Anorexia Nervosa/epidemiology ; Anxiety Disorders ; Cognition/physiology ; Eye-Tracking Technology ; Female ; Humans ; Perfectionism
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-07-15
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 603170-5
    ISSN 1098-108X ; 0276-3478
    ISSN (online) 1098-108X
    ISSN 0276-3478
    DOI 10.1002/eat.23779
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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