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Article ; Online: The Need of Non-traditional Techniques to Screen for the Virus

Davide Borroni / Kunal Gadhvi

Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences, Vol 8, Iss T

2020 Volume 1

Abstract: BACKGROUND: At the present moment, the etiological diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 is based on the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). False negative cases are increasingly reported in several studies using reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR). For example, the ... ...

Abstract	BACKGROUND: At the present moment, the etiological diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 is based on the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). False negative cases are increasingly reported in several studies using reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR). For example, the positive rate of RT-PCR for throat swabs was reported to be about 60% in early stage of COVID-19. AIM: We aimed to present metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) as a potential tool to detect pathogens. METHODS: In the recent year, mNGS is shown the potential to detect pathogens without the need of hypothesis guided approach and is proven to be highly effective. RESULTS: A recent prospective study in the United States compared the diagnostic performance of routine diagnostic tests with mNGS and showed that mNGS detected a bacteria or virus in the CSF of 13 of 58 patients presenting with meningoencephalitis who were negative for or not assessed with routine diagnostic test including PCR. NGS also has the advantage to cover entire viral genomes. CONCLUSION: As viral metagenomics has significantly improved in recent years and become more cost effective, we think that a change in the approach toward a shot-gun metagenomic testing should be explored and could potentially aid the diagnosis of COVID-19 cases and the management of this pandemic.
Keywords	COVID-19 ; Coronavirus ; Metagenomics ; Medicine ; R ; covid19
Subject code	616
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-05-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	ID Design 2012/DOOEL Skopje
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Doxycycline

Chiara Bonzano / Davide Borroni / Andrea Lancia / Elisabetta Bonzano

Frontiers in Medicine, Vol

From Ocular Rosacea to COVID-19 Anosmia. New Insight Into the Coronavirus Outbreak

2020 Volume 7

Keywords	COVID-19 ; doxycycline ; coronavirus (CoV) ; SARS – CoV ; anosmia ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920 ; covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-05-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Assessing the Effects of 0.3% Carboxymethylcellulose Tear Substitute Treatment on Symptoms and Signs of Dry Eye Disease in Elderly Population

Antonio Ballesteros-Sánchez / José-María Sánchez-González / Giovanni Roberto Tedesco / Carlos Rocha-De-Lossada / Gianluca Murano / Antonio Spinelli / Davide Borroni

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Vol 12, Iss 23, p

A Prospective Longitudinal Study

2023 Volume 7364

Abstract: Background: We aimed to evaluate the effects of 0.3% carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) tear substitute treatment in dry eye disease (DED), as well as treatment compliance and adverse events (AEs). Methods: In this prospective, longitudinal study, a total of ... ...

Abstract	Background: We aimed to evaluate the effects of 0.3% carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) tear substitute treatment in dry eye disease (DED), as well as treatment compliance and adverse events (AEs). Methods: In this prospective, longitudinal study, a total of 30 eyes receiving 0.3% CMC tear substitute four times daily for DED were evaluated. Clinical endpoints included an ocular surface disease index (OSDI) questionnaire, average non-invasive tear film break-up time (A-NIBUT), lipid layer thickness (LLT), and a Schirmer test with anesthesia (ST). Treatment compliance and AEs were also assessed. All evaluations were performed at 2, 4, and 12 weeks of follow-up. Results: At the end of the follow-up, significant improvement was observed in all clinical endpoints with the following mean values: ΔOSDI questionnaire of −22.53 ± 14.68 points, ΔA-NIBUT of 4.81 ± 2.88 s, ΔLLT of 5.63 ± 6.53 nm, and ΔST of 2.8 ± 2.1 mm ( p < 0.001 for all comparisons). Although repeated measures analysis showed that all clinical endpoints presented statistically significant differences ( p < 0.001 for all comparisons LLT Baseline –LLT 2-weeks ( p = 0.460) and LLT 4-weeks –LLT 12-weeks ( p = 0.071) were the only pairs of measures that reported non-statistically significant differences). In addition, treatment compliance was 94.3 ± 5.2% and transient AEs related to the use of 0.3% CMC tear substitute were reported. Conclusions: 0.3% CMC tear substitute treatment seems to achieve beneficial effects on the OSDI questionnaire, A-NIBUT, LLT, and ST. However, further studies at this concentration are needed to confirm these results.
Keywords	carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) ; tear substitutes ; artificial tears ; dry eye disease (DED) ; meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) ; Medicine ; R
Subject code	630 ; 610
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-11-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Dry Eye Para-Inflammation Treatment

Davide Borroni / Cosimo Mazzotta / Carlos Rocha-de-Lossada / José-María Sánchez-González / Antonio Ballesteros-Sanchez / María García-Lorente / Francisco Zamorano-Martín / Antonio Spinelli / Domenico Schiano-Lomoriello / Giovanni Roberto Tedesco

Biomedicines, Vol 11, Iss 12, p

Evaluation of a Novel Tear Substitute Containing Hyaluronic Acid and Low-Dose Hydrocortisone

2023 Volume 3277

Abstract: Purpose: The purpose of this study was to check the efficacy and safety of a novel tear substitute containing hyaluronic acid and low-dose hydrocortisone in the treatment of moderate dry eye disease. Methods: In this prospective randomized study, 38 ... ...

Abstract	Purpose: The purpose of this study was to check the efficacy and safety of a novel tear substitute containing hyaluronic acid and low-dose hydrocortisone in the treatment of moderate dry eye disease. Methods: In this prospective randomized study, 38 patients with moderate dry eye disease were divided into two treatment groups: Group 1 received one drop of 0.2% sodium hyaluronate and 0.001% hydrocortisone four times daily for 3 months, while Group 2 received 0.15% sodium hyaluronate and 3% trehalose at the same dosage. OSDI and SANDE questionnaires, Non-Invasive Break-Up time (NIBUT), Tear Meniscus Height (TMH), meibography, Lipid Layer Thickness (LLT), Tear Break-Up Time (TBUT), Corneal Staining Score (CFS), and Intraocular Pressure (IOP) were evaluated at baseline and after 1, 2, and 3 months of treatment. Results: During the treatment period, Group 1 showed statistically significant improvement in OSDI score ( p = 0.002), SANDE score ( p = 0.01), NIBUT ( p < 0.0001), LLT ( p < 0.0001), TBUT ( p = 0.01), and CFS ( p = 0.02). In Group 2, significant improvement was observed only in the TBUT score ( p < 0.05). Comparison of the two groups showed that NIBUT and LLT were significantly different at the end of treatment ( p = 0.001 for both comparisons), with more favorable results for sodium hyaluronate and hydrocortisone than for sodium hyaluronate and trehalose. No significant variations in intraocular pressure were observed in either group during the treatment period ( p > 0.05). Conclusions : The study confirms that a 3-months treatment with hyaluronic acid 0.2% in combination with low-dose hydrocortisone 0.001% improves the signs and symptoms of moderate DED and that a low-dosage 0.001% hydrocortisone can be helpful in preventing the progression to chronic stages of DED.
Keywords	dry eye disease ; para-inflammation ; hydrocortisone ; corticosteroids ; hyaluronic acid ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
Subject code	630
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Ocular Surface Microbiota in Naïve Keratoconus

Carlos Rocha-de-Lossada / Cosimo Mazzotta / Federico Gabrielli / Filomena Tiziana Papa / Carmen Gómez-Huertas / Celia García-López / Facundo Urbinati / Rahul Rachwani-Anil / María García-Lorente / José-María Sánchez-González / Miguel Rechichi / Giovanni Rubegni / Davide Borroni

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Vol 12, Iss 6354, p

A Multicenter Validation Study

2023 Volume 6354

Abstract: In the field of Ophthalmology, the mNGS 16S rRNA sequencing method of studying the microbiota and ocular microbiome is gaining more and more weight in the scientific community. This study aims to characterize the ocular microbiota of patients diagnosed ... ...

Abstract	In the field of Ophthalmology, the mNGS 16S rRNA sequencing method of studying the microbiota and ocular microbiome is gaining more and more weight in the scientific community. This study aims to characterize the ocular microbiota of patients diagnosed with keratoconus who have not undergone any prior surgical treatment using the mNGS 16S rRNA sequencing method. Samples of naïve keratoconus patients were collected with an eNAT with 1 mL of Liquid Amies Medium (Copan Brescia, Italy), and DNA was extracted and analyzed with 16S NGS. The microbiota analysis showed a relative abundance of microorganisms at the phylum level in each sample collected from 38 patients with KC and 167 healthy controls. A comparison between healthy control and keratoconus samples identified two genera unique to keratoconus, Pelomonas and Ralstonia. Our findings suggest that alterations in the microbiota may play a role in the complex scenario of KC development.
Keywords	keratoconus ; metagenomics ; validation-study ; microbiota ; Medicine ; R
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-10-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Globe salvage treatment in group D and group E retinoblastoma.

Hussain, Ahmad Khaqan / Rahul, Rachwani Anil / Carlos, Rocha de Lossada / Francisco, Zamorano Martín / María, García Lorente / Flavia, Pennisi / Chiara, Bonzano / Davide, Borroni

Romanian journal of ophthalmology

2021 Volume 65, Issue 1, Page(s) 20–24

Abstract: Importance: ...

Abstract	Importance:
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Cryotherapy/methods ; Eye Enucleation/methods ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Infusions, Intravenous ; Male ; Melphalan/administration & dosage ; Myeloablative Agonists/administration & dosage ; Neoplasm Staging ; Retinal Neoplasms/diagnosis ; Retinal Neoplasms/therapy ; Retinoblastoma/diagnosis ; Retinoblastoma/therapy ; Retrospective Studies ; Salvage Therapy/methods ; Treatment Outcome
Chemical Substances	Myeloablative Agonists ; Melphalan (Q41OR9510P)
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-02-04
Publishing country	Romania
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2842202-8
ISSN	2501-2533 ; 2457-4325
ISSN (online)	2501-2533
ISSN	2457-4325
DOI	10.22336/rjo.2021.5
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Descemet Membrane Endothelial Keratoplasty in Pseudophakic Bullous Keratopathy

Davide Borroni / Melanie Ferronato / Ineta Orube / Renars Erts / Svetlana Sepetiene / Eva Drucka / Zita Krumina

Acta Medica Iranica, Vol 56, Iss

Outcomes and Evidence-Based Suggestions

2018 Volume 3

Abstract: The purpose of the study was to determine clinical outcomes of Descemet Membrane Endothelial Keratoplasty (DMEK) in patients with Pseudophakic Bullous Keratopathy (PBK). The study was conducted at a tertiary referral center. This was a retrospective case ...

Abstract	The purpose of the study was to determine clinical outcomes of Descemet Membrane Endothelial Keratoplasty (DMEK) in patients with Pseudophakic Bullous Keratopathy (PBK). The study was conducted at a tertiary referral center. This was a retrospective case series. Pseudophakic eyes having undergone DMEK surgery for Pseudophakic Bullous Keratopathy was considered the object of study. The examination implied the analysis of best corrected visual acuity (BCVA or CDVA), endothelial cell density (ECD), intraocular pressure (IOP), intraoperative and postoperative complications and a follow-up in 1, 3, and 6 months. For the purposes of the study, 25 pseudophakic eyes with PBK were examined. One month after the surgery patients reached a BCVA of 0.49±0.08(M±SD), after 3 months - BCVA of 0.65±0.12(M±SD), and a BCVA of 0.78±0.17 (M±SD) in the last follow-up in 6 months after the surgery (P<0,001). The mean ECD after one month was 1661±133 (M±SD) cells/mm2, after 3 months - 1591±124 (M±SD) cells/mm2, and during the last control in 6 months -1579±128 (M±SD) cells/mm2. The graft detachment rate was 12% (3 cases). Hypertension was observed in one eye (4%), necessitating partial air elimination through a corneal wound within the first hours after the surgery. DMEK may give excellent visual results in Pseudophakic eyes without increasing the risk of complications when compared to Descemet Stripping Automated Endothelial Keratoplasty (DSAEK) and Penetrating Keratoplasty (PKP). Anatomic repair after DMEK is associated with improved corneal clarity and BCVA.
Keywords	DMEK ; Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty ; DSAEK ; Descemet stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty ; PKP ; Penetrating keratoplasty ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920
Subject code	616
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-03-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Tehran University of Medical Sciences
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Chord Mu (µ) and Chord Alpha (α) Length Changes in Fuchs Endothelial Corneal Dystrophy before and after Descemet Membrane Endothelial Keratoplasty (DMEK) Surgery

Carlos Rocha-de-Lossada / José-María Sánchez-González / Davide Borroni / Víctor Llorens-Bellés / Rahul Rachwani-Anil / Josep Torras-Sanvicens / Vito Romano / Jorge Peraza-Nieves

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Vol 10, Iss 4844, p

2021 Volume 4844

Abstract: This paper will evaluate chord mu and alpha length in patients with Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy (FECD) and its changes following Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK). Patients with FECD that underwent DMEK surgery were included in ... ...

Abstract	This paper will evaluate chord mu and alpha length in patients with Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy (FECD) and its changes following Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK). Patients with FECD that underwent DMEK surgery were included in this retrospective study. Scheimpflug Tomography was carried out in order to calculate chord mu and chord alpha lengths prior to surgery and at 3 and 12 months postoperative. This study included 27 eyes from 27 patients. Significant changes in chord mu were observed within the first three months (from 0.47 ± 0.32 to 0.29 ± 0.21 mm, p < 0.01) and remained stable 12 months postoperative (0.30 ± 0.21 mm, p > 0.05). However, chord alpha remained stable throughout the 12 months post surgery (from 0.53 ± 0.19 to 0.49 ± 0.14 mm, p > 0.05). In addition to the pupillary center distance from the corneal center (from 0.35 ± 0.25 to 0.34 ± 0.20 mm, p > 0.05) also remain stable. In FECD patients undergoing DMEK surgery, chord mu length decreased, and chord alpha length remained stable after 12 months of follow-up.
Keywords	chord mu (µ) ; chord alpha (α) ; kappa angle ; alpha angle ; Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty ; DMEK ; Medicine ; R
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-10-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Opioids and Ocular Surface Pathology

Celia García-López / Carmen Gómez-Huertas / José-María Sánchez-González / Davide Borroni / Marina Rodríguez-Calvo-de-Mora / Vito Romano / Rahul Rachwani-Anil / Juan-Francisco Ramos-López / Santiago Ortiz-Pérez / Carlos Rocha-de-Lossada

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Vol 11, Iss 1424, p

A Literature Review of New Treatments Horizons

2022 Volume 1424

Abstract: This review discusses the role of opioids in the corneal surface and the different pathways and therapeutic methods of management. A literature review was performed using PubMed database. For the database search, the main searching words “opioid” and “ ... ...

Abstract	This review discusses the role of opioids in the corneal surface and the different pathways and therapeutic methods of management. A literature review was performed using PubMed database. For the database search, the main searching words “opioid” and “topical opioid treatment” were used with the descriptors “cornea”, “ocular surface”, “neuropathic corneal pain”, “corneal sensitivity” and “naltrexone”; original scientific articles and reviews were included to achieve the purpose of the review. The endogenous opioid system has relevant functions in the organism, and in daily use, opioids are used as painkillers. However, these drugs may be employed for other indications as opioid pathways have a wide spectrum. The corneal surface for topical treatment is easily accessible, hence sparing the side effects of systemic opioids. Instillation of opioid antagonist substances, such as naltrexone, increases corneal healing rates and stimulates the division of corneal epithelium cells without deleterious effects. The natural modulation of endogenous opioids controls different forms of pain, including inflammatory and neuropathic pain, both in the ocular surface and in the central nervous system. There are diverse methods in controlling pain using opioids, especially in refractory forms. This review attempts to collect the literature about corneal surface and opioid pathways to provide an overview image and a possible direction of the news treatments.
Keywords	cornea ; opioids ; wound healing ; ocular surface ; neuropathic corneal pain ; Medicine ; R
Subject code	500
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-03-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	MDPI AG
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: Traumatic total iridectomy with "pseudo-iris".

Rocha-de-Lossada, Carlos / Marina, Rodriguez-Calvo-de-Mora / Rahul, Rachwani / Davide, Borroni / Álvaro, Santos O / Carlos, Hernando-Ayala

Saudi journal of ophthalmology : official journal of the Saudi Ophthalmological Society

2020 Volume 34, Issue 2, Page(s) 131–133

Abstract: Blunt trauma may cause a wound in the site of the cataract incision in patients that have received this surgery, even decades after the procedure. The opening of the incision seems to avoid globe rupture, acting as a "liberating valve" We report a case ... ...

Abstract	Blunt trauma may cause a wound in the site of the cataract incision in patients that have received this surgery, even decades after the procedure. The opening of the incision seems to avoid globe rupture, acting as a "liberating valve" We report a case of a 92-year-old woman with advanced dry macular degeneration who is referred to our department after suffering a blunt trauma in her left eye with a nightstand. She was diagnosed of a traumatic total iridectomy due to iris extrusion through a 2.75 mm cataract incision after injury and vitreous hemorrhage, sparing an intact intraocular lens and capsular bag, as well as peripheral remnants of cortical material in the capsular bag and anterior capsule opacity resembling "pseudoiris". After the vitreous hemorrhage was completely resolved she referred no photophobia. Consequently, although a bad visual acuity of the patient could mitigate patient's photophobia, we believed that her "pseudoiris" plays an important role in diminishing the possible symptoms of photophobia.
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-12-28
Publishing country	India
Document type	Case Reports
ISSN	1319-4534
ISSN	1319-4534
DOI	10.4103/1319-4534.305047
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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