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  1. Article ; Online: Heated humidified high-flow nasal cannula therapy in children.

    Hutchings, F A / Hilliard, T N / Davis, P J

    Archives of disease in childhood

    2015  Volume 100, Issue 6, Page(s) 571–575

    Abstract: Heated humidified high-flow nasal cannula therapy (HHHFNC) was originally described as a mode of respiratory support in premature neonates and is now increasingly used in the management of acute respiratory failure in older infants and children. Heating ... ...

    Abstract Heated humidified high-flow nasal cannula therapy (HHHFNC) was originally described as a mode of respiratory support in premature neonates and is now increasingly used in the management of acute respiratory failure in older infants and children. Heating and humidification of gas mixtures allow comfortable delivery of flow rates that match or exceed the patient's inspiratory flow rate. Emerging evidence from observational studies suggests that the use of HHHFNC therapy may be associated with reduced work of breathing, improved ventilation efficiency and a decreased need for intubation in children with respiratory insufficiency. There are several proposed mechanisms of action, and the potential for provision of unpredictable positive distending pressure has caused concern. Randomised controlled trial evidence comparing clinical outcomes with those achieved using other forms of respiratory support is, however, awaited. We review the proposed mechanisms of actions, indications, advantages and complications of HHHFNC therapy in children and describe our approach to its use in the paediatric ward environment.
    MeSH term(s) Child ; Continuous Positive Airway Pressure/methods ; Hot Temperature ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Intensive Care Units, Neonatal ; Noninvasive Ventilation/methods ; Oxygen Inhalation Therapy/methods ; Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Newborn/therapy
    Language English
    Publishing date 2015-06
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 524-1
    ISSN 1468-2044 ; 0003-9888 ; 1359-2998
    ISSN (online) 1468-2044
    ISSN 0003-9888 ; 1359-2998
    DOI 10.1136/archdischild-2014-306590
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article: Chain arrangements in the gel state and the transition temperatures of phosphatidylcholines.

    Davis, P J / Keough, K M

    Biophysical journal

    2009  Volume 48, Issue 6, Page(s) 915–918

    Abstract: Measures of chain length, inequivalence of chain length, and chain position have been incorporated into a parameter, D, which we call the "relative chain inequivalence." D has been calculated for a number of saturated phosphatidylcholines (PC) containing ...

    Abstract Measures of chain length, inequivalence of chain length, and chain position have been incorporated into a parameter, D, which we call the "relative chain inequivalence." D has been calculated for a number of saturated phosphatidylcholines (PC) containing one type of chain (homoacid PC), saturated PC containing two different acyl chains (heteroacid PC), and heteroacid PC containing one saturated and one unsaturated chain. The gel to liquid-crystalline transition temperatures and D are related in a regular pattern, which suggests similarity of chain packing in the gel. This pattern may have useful predictive value.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2009-05-08
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 218078-9
    ISSN 1542-0086 ; 0006-3495
    ISSN (online) 1542-0086
    ISSN 0006-3495
    DOI 10.1016/S0006-3495(85)83854-6
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  3. Article: Gender differences in autobiographical memory for childhood emotional experiences.

    Davis, P J

    Journal of personality and social psychology

    1999  Volume 76, Issue 3, Page(s) 498–510

    Abstract: Research to date has paid remarkably little heed to gender differences in autobiographical memory. To redress this, the author examined memory for childhood events in adult men and women remembering back to childhood, and in children themselves. Five ... ...

    Abstract Research to date has paid remarkably little heed to gender differences in autobiographical memory. To redress this, the author examined memory for childhood events in adult men and women remembering back to childhood, and in children themselves. Five studies were conducted, and results revealed that females consistently recalled more childhood memories than males did and were generally faster in accessing the memories recalled. Furthermore, the gender difference observed was specific to memories of events associated with emotion and was apparent across a diverse range of emotions experienced by both the self and others. The overall pattern of findings obtained is consistent with the proposition that gender-differentiated socialization processes influence the content and complexity of representations of autobiographical emotional events in memory. To some extent, then, autobiographical memory appears to be a socially constructed phenomenon.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Adult ; Affect ; Autobiography as Topic ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Memory ; Sex Factors
    Language English
    Publishing date 1999-03
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 3103-3
    ISSN 1939-1315 ; 0022-3514
    ISSN (online) 1939-1315
    ISSN 0022-3514
    DOI 10.1037//0022-3514.76.3.498
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  4. Article: Accessibility and availability: how can we cope?

    Davis, P J

    The British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners

    1996  Volume 46, Issue 409, Page(s) 449

    MeSH term(s) Family Practice/organization & administration ; Health Services Accessibility ; Humans ; Patient Acceptance of Health Care ; United Kingdom
    Language English
    Publishing date 1996-08
    Publishing country England
    Document type Editorial
    ZDB-ID 1043148-2
    ISSN 1478-5242 ; 0960-1643 ; 0035-8797
    ISSN (online) 1478-5242
    ISSN 0960-1643 ; 0035-8797
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  5. Article: Microbiological Systems in Organic Synthesis: Preparative-Scale Resolution of (RS)-Glaucine by Fusarium solani and Stereospecific Oxidation of (R)-(-)-Glaucine by Aspergillus flavipes.

    Davis, P J / Talaat, R E

    Applied and environmental microbiology

    2005  Volume 41, Issue 5, Page(s) 1243–1247

    Abstract: The destructive resolution of (6aR,S)-glaucine (Ic) was accomplished by oxidation of the (6aS)-(+)-enantiomer (Ia), using Fusarium solani ATCC 12823 to yield the unnatural alkaloid (6aR)-(-)-glaucine (Ib). Eighteen cultures were examined for their ... ...

    Abstract The destructive resolution of (6aR,S)-glaucine (Ic) was accomplished by oxidation of the (6aS)-(+)-enantiomer (Ia), using Fusarium solani ATCC 12823 to yield the unnatural alkaloid (6aR)-(-)-glaucine (Ib). Eighteen cultures were examined for their ability to metabolize the (6aR)-(-)-enantiomer (Ib), and Aspergillus flavipes ATCC 1030 was found to catalyze the stereoselective oxidation of this substrate to didehydroglaucine. Thus, it has been demonstrated that "R" and "S" organisms exist with regard to the oxidation of aporphines to didehydroaporphines.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2005-12-06
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 223011-2
    ISSN 1098-5336 ; 0099-2240
    ISSN (online) 1098-5336
    ISSN 0099-2240
    DOI 10.1128/aem.41.5.1243-1247.1981
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  6. Article: Microbiologically catalyzed enantio- and diastereoselective oxidation of chrysanthemol stereoisomers to chrysanthemic acids.

    Miski, M / Davis, P J

    Applied and environmental microbiology

    2005  Volume 54, Issue 9, Page(s) 2268–2272

    Abstract: The diastereo- and enantioselective microbial oxidation of a mixture of racemic cis/trans-chrysanthemols to the corresponding stereoisomeric chrysanthemic acids by Aspergillus species is described. Of the three microorganisms which were found capable of ... ...

    Abstract The diastereo- and enantioselective microbial oxidation of a mixture of racemic cis/trans-chrysanthemols to the corresponding stereoisomeric chrysanthemic acids by Aspergillus species is described. Of the three microorganisms which were found capable of oxidizing racemic cis/trans-chrysanthemols, A. ochraceus ATCC 18500 showed complete enantioselectivity for (+)-stereoisomers [(+)-trans-chrysanthemol and (+)-cis-chrysanthemol), whereas A. flavipes ATCC 1030 and ATCC 11013 showed complete enantioselectivity for the (+)-cis-chrysanthemol but a time-dependent enantioselectivity during oxidation of trans-chrysanthemol [oxidation of (+)-trans-chrysanthemol prior to (-)-trans-chrysanthemol]. The diastereoselectivity of all three microorganisms was time dependent, in that the trans-stereoisomers were oxidized prior to the cis-isomers.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2005-12-06
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 223011-2
    ISSN 1098-5336 ; 0099-2240
    ISSN (online) 1098-5336
    ISSN 0099-2240
    DOI 10.1128/aem.54.9.2268-2272.1988
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  7. Article: Neonatal resuscitation and assessment of cardiovascular status.

    Davis, P J / Cairns, P A

    Archives of disease in childhood. Fetal and neonatal edition

    2005  Volume 90, Issue 2, Page(s) F188

    MeSH term(s) Blood Circulation/physiology ; Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation/methods ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Perinatal Care/methods
    Language English
    Publishing date 2005-03
    Publishing country England
    Document type Letter
    ZDB-ID 524-1
    ISSN 1468-2044 ; 1359-2998 ; 0003-9888
    ISSN (online) 1468-2044
    ISSN 1359-2998 ; 0003-9888
    DOI 10.1136/adc.2004.067173
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  8. Article: Interpretation of congruent and incongruent affective communications in paranoid schizophrenia.

    Davis, P J / Stewart, K D

    The British journal of clinical psychology

    2003  Volume 40, Issue 3, Page(s) 249–259

    Abstract: Objectives: It was hypothesized that people with paranoid schizophrenia would differ from depressed and normal participants in their interpretation of complex communications in which the affect conveyed verbally was either congruent or incongruent with ... ...

    Abstract Objectives: It was hypothesized that people with paranoid schizophrenia would differ from depressed and normal participants in their interpretation of complex communications in which the affect conveyed verbally was either congruent or incongruent with the affect conveyed non-verbally.
    Design: A 3 (group) x 3 (positive, negative, neutral facial expression) x 3 (positive, negative, neutral verbal content) experimental design was used. There were eight participants per group, and the paranoid and depressed groups comprised inpatients in an acute psychiatric facility for either their first or second psychiatric episode.
    Methods: Participants, tested individually, were asked to interpret the affect conveyed by the various communications presented.
    Results: All participants interpreted most of the communications in a similar way. Paranoid schizophrenia patients, however, differed in their interpretation of communications in which negative feelings were expressed verbally. In contrast to both the normal and depressed groups, the paranoid schizophrenia group interpreted these communications as virtually devoid of any affect whatsoever.
    Conclusions: Paranoid schizophrenia patients show an information-processing bias in response to communications involving both congruent and incongruent negative verbal content. It is not obvious why the bias observed would be specific to negative verbal messages and not extend to negative non-verbal messages. Replication and further study are required.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Adult ; Affective Symptoms/psychology ; Depressive Disorder/psychology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Schizophrenia, Paranoid/psychology ; Verbal Behavior
    Language English
    Publishing date 2003-02-19
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 625324-6
    ISSN 2044-8260 ; 0144-6657
    ISSN (online) 2044-8260
    ISSN 0144-6657
    DOI 10.1348/014466501163661
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  9. Article ; Online: The investigation and management of back pain in children.

    Davis, P J C / Williams, H J

    Archives of disease in childhood. Education and practice edition

    2008  Volume 93, Issue 3, Page(s) 73–83

    Abstract: Back pain in children and adolescents is probably much less common than in adults, but its true incidence is unknown. Although back pain has traditionally been considered a rare and often sinister presentation in the paediatric age group, recent ... ...

    Abstract Back pain in children and adolescents is probably much less common than in adults, but its true incidence is unknown. Although back pain has traditionally been considered a rare and often sinister presentation in the paediatric age group, recent literature now suggests that a relatively high number of children do experience back pain, but only a small proportion seek medical attention. For the majority of children with back pain no underlying cause is identified, but some require investigation to exclude serious underlying pathology. Laboratory and imaging investigations should be targeted towards those with "red flag" symptoms and signs. Imaging studies, particularly MRI, have an important role in diagnosis of underlying pathology such as infection or malignancy.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Back Pain/diagnosis ; Back Pain/etiology ; Back Pain/therapy ; Child ; Humans ; Muscular Diseases/complications ; Muscular Diseases/diagnosis ; Muscular Diseases/therapy ; Spinal Diseases/complications ; Spinal Diseases/diagnosis ; Spinal Diseases/therapy
    Language English
    Publishing date 2008-06
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2148818-6
    ISSN 1743-0593 ; 1743-0585
    ISSN (online) 1743-0593
    ISSN 1743-0585
    DOI 10.1136/adc.2006.115535
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  10. Article: n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids have different effects on acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase in J774 macrophages.

    Davis, P J

    Biochemistry and cell biology = Biochimie et biologie cellulaire

    1992  Volume 70, Issue 12, Page(s) 1313–1318

    Abstract: The effects of incubating J774 mouse macrophages with different fatty acids on cholesterol esterification were investigated. In cells incubated with n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, the rate of cholesterol esterification was significantly reduced ... ...

    Abstract The effects of incubating J774 mouse macrophages with different fatty acids on cholesterol esterification were investigated. In cells incubated with n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, the rate of cholesterol esterification was significantly reduced compared with cells incubated with n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids or with oleic acid. This change in cholesterol esterification appears to be the result of reductions in the activity of acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT) in the endoplasmic reticulum of the macrophages incubated with the n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. No differences in microsomal cholesterol were observed among cells incubated with different fatty acids. However, cellular cholesterol levels were lower in cells incubated with n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. In microsomes from cells incubated with n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, both the Km and the Vmax of ACAT were lower than in microsomes from cells incubated with n-6 fatty acids or oleic acid. These findings may explain some of the reduction in atherosclerotic lesions that are observed with dietary fish oils that contain high levels of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Cell Division/drug effects ; Cell Line ; Cholesterol Esters/metabolism ; Docosahexaenoic Acids/pharmacology ; Eicosapentaenoic Acid/pharmacology ; Esterification ; Fatty Acids, Omega-3/pharmacology ; Fatty Acids, Omega-6 ; Fatty Acids, Unsaturated/pharmacology ; Kinetics ; Macrophages/cytology ; Macrophages/enzymology ; Mice ; Sterol O-Acyltransferase/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Cholesterol Esters ; Fatty Acids, Omega-3 ; Fatty Acids, Omega-6 ; Fatty Acids, Unsaturated ; Docosahexaenoic Acids (25167-62-8) ; Eicosapentaenoic Acid (AAN7QOV9EA) ; Sterol O-Acyltransferase (EC 2.3.1.26)
    Language English
    Publishing date 1992-12
    Publishing country Canada
    Document type Comparative Study ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 54104-7
    ISSN 0829-8211
    ISSN 0829-8211
    DOI 10.1139/o92-178
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