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Article ; Online: A Scoping Review of Climate Change, Climate-Related Disasters, and Mental Disorders among Children in Low- and Middle-Income Countries.

Sharpe, Isobel / Davison, Colleen M

International journal of environmental research and public health

2022 Volume 19, Issue 5

Abstract: Children, particularly those living in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), are highly vulnerable to climate change and its impacts. Our main objective was to conduct a scoping literature review to determine how exposure to climate change and ... ...

Abstract	Children, particularly those living in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), are highly vulnerable to climate change and its impacts. Our main objective was to conduct a scoping literature review to determine how exposure to climate change and climate-related disasters influences the presence of mental disorders among children in LMICs. We also aimed to identify gaps in this area of scholarship. We included studies of children in LMICs that had a climate change or climate-related disaster exposure and mental disorder outcome. Twenty-three studies were included in the final synthesis. Fourteen studies were conducted in China, three in India, two each in Pakistan and the Philippines, and one each in Namibia and Dominica. All studies assessed the association between a climate-related disaster exposure and a mental disorder outcome, while none explored broader climate change-related exposures. Post-traumatic stress disorder (
MeSH term(s)	Child ; Climate Change ; Developing Countries ; Disasters ; Humans ; Income ; Mental Disorders/epidemiology ; Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/epidemiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-03-02
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
ZDB-ID	2175195-X
ISSN	1660-4601 ; 1661-7827
ISSN (online)	1660-4601
ISSN	1661-7827
DOI	10.3390/ijerph19052896
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Article ; Online: Associations between the self-reported happy home lives and health of Canadian school-aged children: An exploratory analysis with stratification by level of relative family wealth.

Pianarosa, Emilie / Davison, Colleen M

Journal of mother and child

2022 Volume 25, Issue 3, Page(s) 151–169

Abstract: Background: Connections between home life, level of family wealth, happiness and health are strong, yet these relationships are complex and for Canadian adolescents not well studied. The objective of this investigation was to explore associations ... ...

Abstract	Background: Connections between home life, level of family wealth, happiness and health are strong, yet these relationships are complex and for Canadian adolescents not well studied. The objective of this investigation was to explore associations between aspects of health and self-reported happy home life among Canadian adolescents aged 10-16 years and to determine if level of self-reported relative family wealth modified associations. Material and methods: This was a secondary analysis of Canadian data from the 2018 Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) study (n=21,745). Theory drove the selection of 26 health-related HBSC variables. Bivariate analyses and calculation of adjusted odds ratios, considering level of self-reported relative family wealth in a stratified analysis, were undertaken. Results: Overall, proximal, micro-level factors were most strongly associated with reports of a happy home life, with distal, macro-level factors less strongly associated. Differences existed between the health and home-life associations for adolescents of different levels of self-reported relative family wealth indicating effect modification. Family support and levels of adolescent self-reported overall health and mental health were common factors that were strongly associated with reporting a happy home life. Conclusion: We believe happy home lives are central and critical for thriving youth and families. This was an exploratory analysis. Many of the factors and relationships in this study are potentially modifiable and represent important possible areas of future focus for adolescent and family health improvement.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Canada/epidemiology ; Child ; Happiness ; Humans ; Mental Health ; Schools ; Self Report
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-04-30
Publishing country	Poland
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2719-535X
ISSN (online)	2719-535X
DOI	10.34763/jmotherandchild.20212503SI.d-21-00015
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Article ; Online: Investigating the role of climate-related disasters in the relationship between food insecurity and mental health for youth aged 15-24 in 142 countries.

Sharpe, Isobel / Davison, Colleen M

PLOS global public health

2022 Volume 2, Issue 9, Page(s) e0000560

Abstract: Food insecurity (FI) represents a major global health challenge. Because climate-related disasters are a determinant of both FI and poor mental health, we investigated whether the severity of these disasters intensifies the relationship between FI and ... ...

Abstract	Food insecurity (FI) represents a major global health challenge. Because climate-related disasters are a determinant of both FI and poor mental health, we investigated whether the severity of these disasters intensifies the relationship between FI and youth mental health. Data on FI and mental health came from the Gallup World Poll, a nationally representative survey of individuals in 142 countries, which included 28,292 youth aged 15-24. Data on climate-related disasters came from the International Disaster Database, a country-level record of disasters. Multilevel negative binomial regression was used to calculate relative risk (RR) of poor mental health. Youth with moderate or severe FI were significantly more likely to report poor mental health experiences compared to those with none/mild FI (moderate: RR 1.37, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.32-1.41; severe: 1.60, 95% CI 1.54-1.66). We also observed a weak yet significant interaction effect (p<0.0001), which suggested that the country-level relationship between FI and poor mental health is slightly stronger at greater disaster severity. While further research is needed to improve our understanding of these complex relationships, these findings suggest that mental health should be considered when undertaking national climate change actions and that additional FI-related supports may work to improve youth mental health.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-09-07
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2767-3375
ISSN (online)	2767-3375
DOI	10.1371/journal.pgph.0000560
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Article ; Online: Climate change, climate-related disasters and mental disorder in low- and middle-income countries: a scoping review.

Sharpe, Isobel / Davison, Colleen M

BMJ open

2021 Volume 11, Issue 10, Page(s) e051908

Abstract: Introduction: Climate change and climate-related disasters adversely affect mental health. Low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) are particularly vulnerable to the impacts of climate change and climate-related disasters and often lack adequate mental ...

Abstract	Introduction: Climate change and climate-related disasters adversely affect mental health. Low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) are particularly vulnerable to the impacts of climate change and climate-related disasters and often lack adequate mental healthcare infrastructure. We used the scoping review methodology to determine how exposure to climate change and climate-related disasters influences the presence of mental disorders among those living in LMICs. We also aimed to recognise existing gaps in this area of literature. Methods: This review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews checklist. To identify relevant studies, we searched five electronic databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, Global Health, APA PsycInfo and Sociological Abstracts) from 1 January 2007 to 31 December 2019. We also searched the grey literature. Included studies had an adult-focused LMIC population, a climate change or climate-related disaster exposure and a mental disorder outcome. Relevant study information was extracted and synthesised. Results: Fifty-eight studies were identified, most of which (n=48) employed a cross-sectional design. The most commonly studied exposure-outcome combinations were flood-related post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) (n=28), flood-related depression (n=15) and storm-related PTSD (n=13). The majority of studies identified a positive exposure-outcome association. However, few studies included a baseline or comparator (ie, unexposed) group, thereby limiting our understanding of the magnitude or nature of this association. There was also great heterogeneity in this literature, making studies difficult to pool or compare. Several research gaps were identified including the lack of longitudinal studies and non-uniformity of geographic coverage. Conclusion: To our knowledge, this was the first scoping review to investigate the relationship between climate change and climate-related disaster exposures and mental disorder outcomes in LMICs. Our findings support the need for further research, but also highlight that mental health should be a priority within LMIC climate change policy considerations.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Climate Change ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Developing Countries ; Disasters ; Humans ; Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/epidemiology ; Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/etiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-10-14
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Systematic Review
ZDB-ID	2599832-8
ISSN	2044-6055 ; 2044-6055
ISSN (online)	2044-6055
ISSN	2044-6055
DOI	10.1136/bmjopen-2021-051908
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Article ; Online: Perceptions and behaviors of healthcare providers towards rehabilitation support to children with severe malaria-related disability in Ethiopia: A qualitative descriptive study using the Theoretical Domains Framework.

Engeda, Eshetu Haileselassie / Aldersey, Heather M / Davison, Colleen M / Gelaye, Kassahun Alemu / Fayed, Nora

PloS one

2024 Volume 19, Issue 5, Page(s) e0298769

Abstract: Introduction: Severe malaria often results in childhood disability. The prevalence of disability related to severe malaria is significant and is estimated to affect up to 53% of severe malaria survivors. In contrast, information is sparse about how ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: Severe malaria often results in childhood disability. The prevalence of disability related to severe malaria is significant and is estimated to affect up to 53% of severe malaria survivors. In contrast, information is sparse about how healthcare providers in Africa think about or provide rehabilitation support in acute and post-acute phases respectively. Understanding the perceptions and behaviors of healthcare providers treating malaria could help inform malaria-related disability research, policy, and practice, aimed at the providers themselves. This study explored the perceptions and behaviors of healthcare providers towards rehabilitation for children with severe malaria-related disability. The Theoretical Domains Framework was used to describe the findings relative to wider literature on health provider behavior change. Methods: A qualitative descriptive approach was used to interview thirteen healthcare providers recruited purposively based on their clinical professions, roles, and settings. Data were analyzed using directed content analysis. We decided on the most prominent theoretical domains considering the frequency of specific perceptions and behaviors across the participants, the frequency of perceptions and behaviors in each domain, and evidence of strong perceptions and behaviors. Results: Nine out of fourteen theoretical domains were identified. These domains were: Beliefs about consequences, environmental context and resources, goals, knowledge, skills, optimism, reinforcement, social influences, and social or professional role and identity. Healthcare providers' beliefs about their roles in screening for disability or referring to rehabilitation were less positive. Conclusions: The findings of this study suggest the need for interventions to support healthcare providers in acute phases (prevention and control of severe malaria) and post-acute phases (disability screening, referral, and rehabilitation care). Recommended interventions should focus on developing clinical guidelines, training clinicians, addressing institutional factors, and modifying external social influences such as socio-cultural factors.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Malaria/psychology ; Malaria/rehabilitation ; Ethiopia/epidemiology ; Health Personnel/psychology ; Female ; Male ; Qualitative Research ; Child ; Adult ; Attitude of Health Personnel ; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice ; Disabled Children/rehabilitation ; Disabled Children/psychology ; Perception
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-05-02
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2267670-3
ISSN	1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
ISSN (online)	1932-6203
ISSN	1932-6203
DOI	10.1371/journal.pone.0298769
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Article: Development of a novel continuous measure of adolescent mental health inspired by the dual-factor model.

King, Nathan / Davison, Colleen M / Pickett, William

Frontiers in psychology

2022 Volume 13, Page(s) 918894

Abstract: Background: According to the Dual-factor Model, mental health is comprised of two related constructs: subjective well-being and psychopathology. Combining these constructs can provide a more accurate and comprehensive assessment of adolescent mental ... ...

Abstract	Background: According to the Dual-factor Model, mental health is comprised of two related constructs: subjective well-being and psychopathology. Combining these constructs can provide a more accurate and comprehensive assessment of adolescent mental health than considering either on its own. The model suggests the need to group mental health into four distinct categories, which does not recognize its potential continuum and adds statistical complexity. In this study, we developed a continuous measure inspired by, and as a complement to, the Dual-factor Model. Our goal was to demonstrate a novel approach to developing a valid measure for use in public health research that captures varying mental health states more accurately than traditional approaches and has advantages over the categorical version. Methods: Self-report data are from the 2014 Canadian Health Behavior in School-aged Children study ( Results: The average age was 14.0 (SD = 1.41) years. The continuous mental health score ranged from 5 to 67 [Mean (SD): 50.1 (9.8)], with higher scores indicating better overall mental health. The nature and direction of the associations examined supported construct validity. Being from a more affluent family, and having more supportive relationships with family, peers, teachers, and classmates was associated with greater mental health (Cohen's d: 0.65 to 1.63). Higher average marks were also associated with better mental health. Average mental health scores were much lower if students reported feeling hopeless or rated their health as fair or poor. Conclusion: A continuous measure of mental health based on the Dual-factor Model appears to be a comprehensive and valid measure with applications for research aimed at increasing our understanding of adolescent mental health.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-08-12
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2563826-9
ISSN	1664-1078
ISSN	1664-1078
DOI	10.3389/fpsyg.2022.918894
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Article ; Online: Family as a health promotion setting: A scoping review of conceptual models of the health-promoting family.

Michaelson, Valerie / Pilato, Kelly A / Davison, Colleen M

PloS one

2021 Volume 16, Issue 4, Page(s) e0249707

Abstract: Background: The family is a key setting for health promotion. Contemporary health promoting family models can establish scaffolds for shaping health behaviors and can be useful tools for education and health promotion.: Objectives: The objective of ... ...

Abstract	Background: The family is a key setting for health promotion. Contemporary health promoting family models can establish scaffolds for shaping health behaviors and can be useful tools for education and health promotion. Objectives: The objective of this scoping review is to provide details as to how conceptual and theoretical models of the health promoting potential of the family are being used in health promotion contexts. Design: Guided by PRISMA ScR guidelines, we used a three-step search strategy to find relevant papers. This included key-word searching electronic databases (Medline, PSycINFO, Embase, and CINAHL), searching the reference lists of included studies, and intentionally searching for grey literature (in textbooks, dissertations, thesis manuscripts and reports.). Results: After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, the overall search generated 113 included manuscripts/chapters with 118 unique models. Through our analysis of these models, three main themes were apparent: 1) ecological factors are central components to most models or conceptual frameworks; 2) models were attentive to cultural and other diversities, allowing room for a wide range of differences across family types, and for different and ever-expanding social norms and roles; and 3) the role of the child as a passive recipient of their health journey rather than as an active agent in promoting their own family health was highlighted as an important gap in many of the identified models. Conclusions: This review contributes a synthesis of contemporary literature in this area and supports the priority of ecological frameworks and diversity of family contexts. It encourages researchers, practitioners and family stakeholders to recognize the value of the child as an active agent in shaping the health promoting potential of their family context.
MeSH term(s)	Child ; Culture ; Databases, Factual ; Delivery of Health Care/methods ; Ecosystem ; Family/psychology ; Health Promotion/methods ; Humans ; Models, Theoretical
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-04-12
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
ISSN	1932-6203
ISSN (online)	1932-6203
DOI	10.1371/journal.pone.0249707
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Article ; Online: Neighborhood-Level Influences and Adolescent Health Risk Behaviors in Rural and Urban Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review.

Wiafe, Stephanie / Mihan, Ariana / Davison, Colleen M

International journal of environmental research and public health

2021 Volume 18, Issue 14

Abstract: The impact of neighborhoods on adolescent engagement in health-risk behaviors (HRBs), such as substance use and sexual activity, has been well documented in high-income countries; however, evidence from low and middle-income country settings is limited, ... ...

Abstract	The impact of neighborhoods on adolescent engagement in health-risk behaviors (HRBs), such as substance use and sexual activity, has been well documented in high-income countries; however, evidence from low and middle-income country settings is limited, particularly in sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries. Neighborhoods and communities in SSA continue to experience urbanization, epidemiologic transition, and the simultaneous presence of large populations living in rurality and urbanicity. This is a dynamic context for exploring adolescent health challenges. This review seeks to identify and summarize existing literature that investigates adolescent engagement in HRBs when compared across rural and urban neighborhoods across SSA. We performed searches using three electronic databases, targeted grey literature searches and scanned reference lists of included studies. Following dual-screening, our search yielded 23 relevant studies that met all inclusion criteria. These were categorized into six broad themes including studies on: (1) sexual risk taking, (2) injury-related, (3) violence, (4) eating and/or exercise-related, (5) substance use, and (6) personal hygiene. We found that neighborhood factors relating to accessibility and availability of health information and care impacted adolescent engagement in HRBs in rural and urban areas. Urbanization of areas of SSA plays a role in differences in engagement in HRBs between rural and urban dwelling adolescents.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Africa South of the Sahara/epidemiology ; Health Risk Behaviors ; Humans ; Residence Characteristics ; Rural Population ; Urbanization
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-07-18
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review ; Systematic Review
ZDB-ID	2175195-X
ISSN	1660-4601 ; 1661-7827
ISSN (online)	1660-4601
ISSN	1661-7827
DOI	10.3390/ijerph18147637
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Article ; Online: Development of a dual-factor measure of adolescent mental health: an analysis of cross-sectional data from the 2014 Canadian Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) study.

King, Nathan / Davison, Colleen M / Pickett, William

BMJ open

2021 Volume 11, Issue 9, Page(s) e041489

Abstract: Introduction: Studies of adolescent mental health require valid measures that are supported by evidence-based theories. An established theory is the dual-factor model, which argues that mental health status is only fully understood by incorporating ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: Studies of adolescent mental health require valid measures that are supported by evidence-based theories. An established theory is the dual-factor model, which argues that mental health status is only fully understood by incorporating information on both subjective well-being and psychopathology. Objectives: To develop a novel measure of adolescent mental health based on the dual-factor model and test its construct validity. Design: Cross-sectional analysis of national health survey data. Setting and participants: Nationally weighted sample of 21 993 grade 6-10 students; average age: 14.0 (SD 1.4) years from the 2014 Canadian Health Behaviour in School-aged Children study. Measures: Self-report indicators of subjective well-being (life satisfaction, positive and negative affect), and psychopathology (psychological symptoms and overt risk-taking behaviour) were incorporated into the dual-factor measure. Characteristics of adolescents families, specific mental health indicators and measures of academic and social functioning were used in the assessment of construct validity. Results: Proportions of students categorised to the four mental health groups indicated by the dual-factor measure were 67.6% 'mentally healthy', 17.5% 'symptomatic yet content', 5.5% 'asymptomatic yet discontent' and 9.4% 'mentally unhealthy'. Being mentally healthy was associated with the highest functioning (greater social support and academic functioning) and being mentally unhealthy was associated with the worst. A one-unit increase (ranges=0-10) in peer support (OR 1.19; 95% CI 1.15 to 1.22), family support (OR 1.32; 95% CI 1.28 to 1.36), student support (OR 1.20; 95% CI 1.17 to 1.24) and average school marks (OR 1.18; 95% CI 1.10 to 1.27) increased the odds of being symptomatic yet content versus mentally unhealthy. Mentally healthy youth were the most likely to live with both parents (77% vs ≤65%) and report their family as well-off (62% vs ≤53%). Conclusions: We developed a novel, construct valid dual-factor measure of adolescent mental health. This potentially provides a nuanced and comprehensive approach to the assessment of adolescent mental health that is direly needed.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Canada ; Child ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Health Behavior ; Humans ; Mental Health ; Schools
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-09-30
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2599832-8
ISSN	2044-6055 ; 2044-6055
ISSN (online)	2044-6055
ISSN	2044-6055
DOI	10.1136/bmjopen-2020-041489
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Article ; Online: Reproductive health interventions for Inuit youth in the north: a scoping review.

Mikhail, Hannah / Kelly, Sarah E / Davison, Colleen M

Reproductive health

2021 Volume 18, Issue 1, Page(s) 65

Abstract: Background: Inuit have thrived in the northern regions of Canada and Alaska for thousands of years. Recent evidence suggests that Inuit in this region have experienced systemic barriers to reproductive health with resulting disparities in reproductive ... ...

Abstract	Background: Inuit have thrived in the northern regions of Canada and Alaska for thousands of years. Recent evidence suggests that Inuit in this region have experienced systemic barriers to reproductive health with resulting disparities in reproductive health-related outcomes including those among youth. Northern youth-focused reproductive health intervention research or evaluations have not to date been well summarized. The objective of this scoping review was to summarize the literature over the past twenty years focusing on reproductive health interventions for adolescents in northern Inuit communities. Methods: English-language articles from 2000 to 2020 were identified from seven scientific databases, a general internet search and a review of relevant websites. Two reviewers screened titles, abstracts and full texts and included articles if they mentioned a reproductive health intervention and pertained, directly or indirectly, to reproductive health for Inuit aged 10-19 in northern communities. Results: Seventeen articles met the inclusion criteria, across six themes: (1) Barriers to reproductive health interventions in the north; (2) Northern midwifery; (3) Northern birthing centres; (4) Fetal fibronectin tests for identifying high-risk pregnancies; (5) Prenatal education classes; and (6) Interventions to improve access to and quality of reproductive health supports. Conclusion: Overall there is relatively limited evidence base specific to reproductive health interventions and northern Inuit youth. What does exist largely focuses on maternal health interventions and is inclusive of but not specific to youth. There is some evidence that youth specific educational programs, participatory action research approaches and the promotion of northern birthing centres and midwifery can improve reproductive health for adolescents and young mothers in northern Inuit communities. Future initiatives should focus on the creation and evaluation of culturally relevant and youth specific interventions and increasing community and youth participation in intervention research for better reproductive health.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Adolescent Health Services/organization & administration ; Adult ; Canada ; Child ; Culturally Competent Care ; Delivery of Health Care ; Health Services Research ; Humans ; Inuit/psychology ; Reproductive Health/ethnology ; Reproductive Health Services/organization & administration ; Young Adult
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-03-20
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2149029-6
ISSN	1742-4755 ; 1742-4755
ISSN (online)	1742-4755
ISSN	1742-4755
DOI	10.1186/s12978-021-01119-6
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