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Article ; Online: Long-term opiate use and risk of cardiovascular mortality: results from the Golestan Cohort Study.

European journal of preventive cardiology

2021 Volume 28, Issue 1, Page(s) 98–106

Abstract: Aims: Tens of millions of people worldwide use opiates but little is known about their potential role in causing cardiovascular diseases. We aimed to study the association of long-term opiate use with cardiovascular mortality and whether this ... ...

Abstract	Aims: Tens of millions of people worldwide use opiates but little is known about their potential role in causing cardiovascular diseases. We aimed to study the association of long-term opiate use with cardiovascular mortality and whether this association is independent of the known risk factors. Methods and results: In the population-based Golestan Cohort Study-50 045 Iranian participants, 40-75 years, 58% women-we used Cox regression to estimate hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals (HRs, 95% CIs) for the association of opiate use (at least once a week for a period of 6 months) with cardiovascular mortality, adjusting for potential confounders-i.e. age, sex, education, wealth, residential place, marital status, ethnicity, and tobacco and alcohol use. To show independent association, the models were further adjusted for hypertension, diabetes, waist and hip circumferences, physical activity, fruit/vegetable intake, aspirin and statin use, and history of cardiovascular diseases and cancers. In total, 8487 participants (72.2% men) were opiate users for a median (IQR) of 10 (4-20) years. During 548 940 person-years-median of 11.3 years, >99% success follow-up-3079 cardiovascular deaths occurred, with substantially higher rates in opiate users than non-users (1005 vs. 478 deaths/100 000 person-years). Opiate use was associated with increased cardiovascular mortality, with adjusted HR (95% CI) of 1.63 (1.49-1.79). Overall 10.9% of cardiovascular deaths were attributable to opiate use. The association was independent of the traditional cardiovascular risk factors. Conclusion: Long-term opiate use was associated with an increased cardiovascular mortality independent of the traditional risk factors. Further research, particularly on mechanisms of action, is recommended.
MeSH term(s)	Cardiovascular Diseases/diagnosis ; Cardiovascular Diseases/epidemiology ; Cohort Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Iran/epidemiology ; Male ; Mortality ; Opiate Alkaloids ; Risk Factors
Chemical Substances	Opiate Alkaloids
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-02-16
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2626011-6
ISSN	2047-4881 ; 2047-4873
ISSN (online)	2047-4881
ISSN	2047-4873
DOI	10.1093/eurjpc/zwaa006
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Zs.A 4686: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Opium use and subsequent incidence of cancer: results from the Golestan Cohort Study.

Sheikh, Mahdi / Shakeri, Ramin / Poustchi, Hossein / Pourshams, Akram / Etemadi, Arash / Islami, Farhad / Khoshnia, Masoud / Gharavi, Abdolsamad / Roshandel, Gholamreza / Khademi, Hooman / Sepanlou, Sadaf G / Hashemian, Maryam / Fazel, Abdolreza / Zahedi, Mahdi / Abedi-Ardekani, Behnoush / Boffetta, Paolo / Dawsey, Sanford M / Pharoah, Paul D / Sotoudeh, Masoud /

Freedman, Neal D / Abnet, Christian C / Day, Nicholas E / Brennan, Paul / Kamangar, Farin / Malekzadeh, Reza

The Lancet. Global health

2020 Volume 8, Issue 5, Page(s) e649–e660

Abstract: Background: Evidence is emerging for a role of opiates in various cancers. In this study, we aimed to investigate the association between regular opium use and cancer incidence.: Methods: This study was done in a population-based cohort of 50 045 ... ...

Abstract	Background: Evidence is emerging for a role of opiates in various cancers. In this study, we aimed to investigate the association between regular opium use and cancer incidence. Methods: This study was done in a population-based cohort of 50 045 individuals aged 40-75 years from northeast Iran. Data on participant demographics, diet, lifestyle, opium use, and different exposures were collected upon enrolment using validated questionnaires. We used proportional hazards regression models to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and corresponding 95% CIs for the association between opium use and different cancer types. Findings: During a median 10 years of follow-up, 1833 participants were diagnosed with cancer. Use of opium was associated with an increased risk of developing all cancers combined (HR 1·40, 95% CI 1·24-1·58), gastrointestinal cancers (1·31, 1·11-1·55), and respiratory cancers (2·28, 1·58-3·30) in a dose-dependent manner (p Interpretation: Opium users have a significantly higher risk of developing cancers in different organs of the respiratory, digestive, and urinary systems and the CNS. The results of this analysis show that regular use of opiates might increase the risk of a range of cancer types. Funding: World Cancer Research Fund International, Cancer Research UK, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, US National Cancer Institute, International Agency for Research on Cancer.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Aged ; Cohort Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Iran/epidemiology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasms/epidemiology ; Opium Dependence/epidemiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-05-11
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2723488-5
ISSN	2214-109X ; 2214-109X
ISSN (online)	2214-109X
ISSN	2214-109X
DOI	10.1016/S2214-109X(20)30059-0
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Article: Measurement error correction for nutritional exposures with correlated measurement error: use of the method of triads in a longitudinal setting.

Rosner, Bernard / Michels, Karin B / Chen, Ya-Hua / Day, Nicholas E

Statistics in medicine

2008 Volume 27, Issue 18, Page(s) 3466–3489

Abstract: Nutritional exposures are often measured with considerable error in commonly used surrogate instruments such as the food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) (denoted by Q(i) for the ith subject). The error can be both systematic and random. The diet record (DR) ...

Abstract	Nutritional exposures are often measured with considerable error in commonly used surrogate instruments such as the food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) (denoted by Q(i) for the ith subject). The error can be both systematic and random. The diet record (DR) denoted by R(i) for the ith subject is considered an alloyed gold standard. However, some authors have reported both systematic and random errors with this instrument as well.One goal in measurement error research is to estimate the regression coefficient of T(i) (true intake for the ith subject) on Q(i) denoted by lambda(TQ). If the systematic errors in Q(i) and R(i) (denoted by q(i) and r(i)) are uncorrelated, then one can obtain an unbiased estimate of lambda(TQ) by lambda(RQ) obtained by regressing R(i) on Q(i). However, if Corr(q(i), r(i))>0, then lambda(RQ)>lambda(TQ).In this paper, we propose a method for indirectly estimating lambda(TQ) even in the presence of correlated systematic error based on a longitudinal design where Q(i) (surrogate measure of dietary intake), R(i) (a reference measure of dietary intake), and M(i) (a biomarker) are available on the same subjects at 2 time points. In addition, between-person variation in mean levels of M(i) among people with the same dietary intake is also accounted for. The methodology is illustrated for dietary vitamin C intake based on longitudinal data from 323 subjects in the European Prospective Investigation of Cancer (EPIC)-Norfolk study who provided two measures of dietary vitamin C intake from the FFQ (Q(i)) and a 7-day DR (R(i)) and plasma vitamin C (M(i)) 4 years apart.
MeSH term(s)	Aged ; Bias ; Diet Records ; Feeding Behavior ; Female ; Humans ; Longitudinal Studies ; Male ; Models, Statistical ; Nutrition Assessment ; Nutritional Status ; Surveys and Questionnaires
Language	English
Publishing date	2008-04-16
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	843037-8
ISSN	1097-0258 ; 0277-6715
ISSN (online)	1097-0258
ISSN	0277-6715
DOI	10.1002/sim.3238
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Zs.A 1756: Show issues

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Article: Sensitivity in cancer screening.

Hakama, Matti / Auvinen, Anssi / Day, Nicholas E / Miller, Anthony B

Journal of medical screening

2007 Volume 14, Issue 4, Page(s) 174–177

Abstract: Objective: We propose three concepts of sensitivity in cancer screening and apply to data on prostate cancer. Conceptual entities: Sensitivity is the indicator on the ability of screening to find cancer in the detectable preclinical phase (DPCP). The ... ...

Abstract	Objective: We propose three concepts of sensitivity in cancer screening and apply to data on prostate cancer. Conceptual entities: Sensitivity is the indicator on the ability of screening to find cancer in the detectable preclinical phase (DPCP). The ability is usually specified as to the screening test. We call this entity the test sensitivity. Test positivity with histological confirmation refers to the full diagnostic process and we call the corresponding entity as episode sensitivity. Ultimately, a screening programme identifies a proportion of cancers in the DPCP in the total target population, that we call programme sensitivity. We derive the formulae for these three sensitivities consistent with the incidence method. Example: Our example on estimation of the three sensitivities is from a randomized screening trial for prostate cancer in Finland. The estimates by incidence method were substantially different, 85% for test sensitivity, 48% for episode sensitivity and 36% for programme sensitivity. Conclusion: More than one concept of sensitivity with standard method of estimation is needed to describe the ability of screening to identify the disease in the DPCP.
MeSH term(s)	Aged ; Finland ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Models, Theoretical ; Prostatic Neoplasms/diagnosis ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Treatment Refusal/statistics & numerical data
Language	English
Publishing date	2007-10-23
Publishing country	England
Document type	Evaluation Study ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1235253-6
ISSN	1475-5793 ; 0969-1413
ISSN (online)	1475-5793
ISSN	0969-1413
DOI	10.1258/096914107782912077
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Zs.A 4284: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Individual and Combined Effects of Environmental Risk Factors for Esophageal Cancer Based on Results From the Golestan Cohort Study.

Gastroenterology

2019 Volume 156, Issue 5, Page(s) 1416–1427

Abstract: Background & aims: Northeast Iran has one of the highest reported rates of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) worldwide. Decades of investigations in this region have identified some local habits and environmental exposures that increase risk. We ...

Abstract	Background & aims: Northeast Iran has one of the highest reported rates of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) worldwide. Decades of investigations in this region have identified some local habits and environmental exposures that increase risk. We analyzed data from the Golestan Cohort Study to determine the individual and combined effects of the major environmental risk factors of ESCC. Methods: We performed a population-based cohort of 50,045 individuals, 40 to 75 years old, from urban and rural areas across Northeast Iran. Detailed data on demographics, diet, lifestyle, socioeconomic status, temperature of drinking beverages, and different exposures were collected using validated methods, questionnaires, and physical examinations, from 2004 through 2008. Participants were followed from the date of enrollment to the date of first diagnosis of esophageal cancer, date of death from other causes, or date of last follow-up, through December 31, 2017. Proportional hazards regression models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between different exposures and ESCC. Results: During an average 10 years of follow-up, 317 participants developed ESCC. Opium smoking (HR 1.85; 95% CI 1.18-2.90), drinking hot tea (≥60°C) (HR 1.60; 95% CI 1.15-2.22), low intake of fruits (HR 1.48; 95% CI 1.07-2.05) and vegetables (HR 1.62; 95% CI 1.03-2.56), excessive tooth loss (HR 1.66; 95% CI 1.04-2.64), drinking unpiped water (HR 2.04; 95% CI 1.09-3.81), and exposure to indoor air pollution (HR 1.57; 95% CI 1.08-2.29) were significantly associated with increased risk of ESCC, in a dose-dependent manner. Combined exposure to these risk factors was associated with a stepwise increase in the risk of developing ESCC, reaching a more than 7-fold increase in risk in the highest category. Approximately 75% of the ESCC cases in this region can be attributed to a combination of the identified exposures. Conclusions: Analysis of data from the Golestan Cohort Study in Iran identified multiple risk factors for ESCC in this population. Our findings support the hypothesis that the high rates of ESCC are due to a combination of factors, including thermal injury (from hot tea), exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (from opium and indoor air pollution), and nutrient-deficient diets. We also associated ESCC risk with exposure to unpiped water and tooth loss.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Aged ; Air Pollution, Indoor/adverse effects ; Diet/adverse effects ; Environment ; Environmental Exposure/adverse effects ; Esophageal Neoplasms/diagnosis ; Esophageal Neoplasms/epidemiology ; Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma/diagnosis ; Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma/epidemiology ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hot Temperature/adverse effects ; Humans ; Iran/epidemiology ; Life Style ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Opium Dependence/epidemiology ; Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons/adverse effects ; Risk Assessment ; Risk Factors ; Rural Health ; Socioeconomic Factors ; Tea/adverse effects ; Time Factors ; Tooth Loss/epidemiology ; Urban Health ; Water Supply
Chemical Substances	Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ; Tea
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-01-03
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	80112-4
ISSN	1528-0012 ; 0016-5085
ISSN (online)	1528-0012
ISSN	0016-5085
DOI	10.1053/j.gastro.2018.12.024
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Zs.MO 572: Show issues

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Article ; Online: A prospective study of tea drinking temperature and risk of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

International journal of cancer

2019 Volume 146, Issue 1, Page(s) 18–25

Abstract: Previous studies have reported an association between hot tea drinking and risk of esophageal cancer, but no study has examined this association using prospectively and objectively measured tea drinking temperature. We examined the association of tea ... ...

Abstract	Previous studies have reported an association between hot tea drinking and risk of esophageal cancer, but no study has examined this association using prospectively and objectively measured tea drinking temperature. We examined the association of tea drinking temperature, measured both objectively and subjectively at study baseline, with future risk of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) in a prospective study. We measured tea drinking temperature using validated methods and collected data on several other tea drinking habits and potential confounders of interest at baseline in the Golestan Cohort Study, a population-based prospective study of 50,045 individuals aged 40-75 years, established in 2004-2008 in northeastern Iran. Study participants were followed-up for a median duration of 10.1 years (505,865 person-years). During 2004-2017, 317 new cases of ESCC were identified. The objectively measured tea temperature (HR 1.41, 95% CI 1.10-1.81; for ≥60°C vs. <60°C), reported preference for very hot tea drinking (HR 2.41, 95% CI 1.27-4.56; for "very hot" vs. "cold/lukewarm"), and reported shorter time from pouring tea to drinking (HR 1.51, 95% CI 1.01-2.26; for <2 vs. ≥6 min) were all associated with ESCC risk. In analysis of the combined effects of measured temperature and amount, compared to those who drank less than 700 ml of tea/day at <60°C, drinking 700 mL/day or more at a higher-temperature (≥60°C) was consistently associated with an about 90% increase in ESCC risk. Our results substantially strengthen the existing evidence supporting an association between hot beverage drinking and ESCC.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Aged ; Drinking ; Esophageal Neoplasms/epidemiology ; Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma/epidemiology ; Hot Temperature ; Humans ; Iran ; Middle Aged ; Prospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Tea
Chemical Substances	Tea
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-03-20
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	218257-9
ISSN	1097-0215 ; 0020-7136
ISSN (online)	1097-0215
ISSN	0020-7136
DOI	10.1002/ijc.32220
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Zs.A 478: Show issues			Location: Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand) bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG) ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)
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Article: Mastery, sense of coherence, and mortality: evidence of independent associations from the EPIC-Norfolk Prospective Cohort Study.

Surtees, Paul G / Wainwright, Nicholas W J / Luben, Robert / Khaw, Kay-Tee / Day, Nicholas E

Health psychology : official journal of the Division of Health Psychology, American Psychological Association

2006 Volume 25, Issue 1, Page(s) 102–110

Abstract: This study investigated the association between 2 distinct personal coping resources (mastery and sense of coherence) and all-cause, cardiovascular, and cancer mortality. During follow-up (up to 6 years), 994 deaths were recorded among 20,323 ... ...

Abstract	This study investigated the association between 2 distinct personal coping resources (mastery and sense of coherence) and all-cause, cardiovascular, and cancer mortality. During follow-up (up to 6 years), 994 deaths were recorded among 20,323 participants, ages 41 to 80 years, in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer Study in the United Kingdom. A strong sense of mastery was associated with lower rates of mortality from all causes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer, after adjusting for age, sex, and prevalent chronic physical disease. The association with all-cause mortality was observed for both men and women and remained following further adjustment for cigarette smoking, social class, hostility, neuroticism, and extroversion. Analysis of the joint association between mastery and sense of coherence revealed both personal coping dispositions to be independently associated with lower rates of all-cause mortality. In addition, these data suggested that the association for mastery was specific to cardiovascular mortality, whereas the association for sense of coherence was specific to cancer mortality. These results may aid future study of coping resources as determinants of persistent well-being.
MeSH term(s)	Adaptation, Psychological ; Adult ; Aged ; Cardiovascular Diseases/mortality ; Cohort Studies ; England ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mortality/trends ; Neoplasms/mortality ; Prospective Studies
Language	English
Publishing date	2006-01-18
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	226369-5
ISSN	1930-7810 ; 0278-6133
ISSN (online)	1930-7810
ISSN	0278-6133
DOI	10.1037/0278-6133.25.1.102
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Zs.B 2908: Show issues

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Article: Self-reported birth weight and subsequent risk of colorectal cancer.

Sandhu, Manjinder S / Luben, Robert / Day, Nicholas E / Khaw, Kay-Tee

Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology

2002 Volume 11, Issue 9, Page(s) 935–938

Abstract: Case series data suggest that high birth weight and neonatal macrosomia in offspring are associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer in parents. We therefore conducted a prospective analysis investigating the association among self-reported ... ...

Abstract	Case series data suggest that high birth weight and neonatal macrosomia in offspring are associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer in parents. We therefore conducted a prospective analysis investigating the association among self-reported birth weight, neonatal macrosomia, and incident colorectal cancer in a population-based study of men and women. Participants were drawn from a cohort of men and women ages between 45 and 79 years: the European Prospective Investigation of Cancer in Norfolk study. A total of 4532 men and 7325 women who reported their birth weight were followed up between 1993 and 1999. The relation between birth weight and incident colorectal cancer was assessed using Cox's proportional hazards model. All Ps are two-sided. The association between self-reported birth weight and risk of incident colorectal cancer was nonlinear. Relative to individuals born weighing 2500-3249 g, the adjusted hazard ratio for people born with neonatal macrosomia was 2.57 (95% confidence interval = 1.15-5.74). There was also some evidence that low birth weight babies were at increased risk of colorectal cancer relative to the referent category. These risks were essentially unaltered after adjustment for potential confounders. There is a J-shape relation between self-reported birth weight and subsequent risk of colorectal cancer. Babies born with macrosomia appear to have the greatest risk.
MeSH term(s)	Aged ; Birth Weight ; Case-Control Studies ; Colorectal Neoplasms/epidemiology ; Colorectal Neoplasms/etiology ; Female ; Fetal Macrosomia/etiology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Proportional Hazards Models ; Prospective Studies
Language	English
Publishing date	2002-09
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1153420-5
ISSN	1055-9965
ISSN	1055-9965
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Zs.A 3693: Show issues

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Article: Measurement of fruit and vegetable consumption with diet questionnaires and implications for analyses and interpretation.

Michels, Karin B / Welch, Ailsa A / Luben, Robert / Bingham, Sheila A / Day, Nicholas E

American journal of epidemiology

2005 Volume 161, Issue 10, Page(s) 987–994

Abstract: Measurement error can have an important impact on the estimation of the true relation between diet and disease. The authors examined the performance of models regressing plasma vitamin C level on fruit and vegetable consumption and the effect of ... ...

Abstract	Measurement error can have an important impact on the estimation of the true relation between diet and disease. The authors examined the performance of models regressing plasma vitamin C level on fruit and vegetable consumption and the effect of categorization of fruit and vegetable consumption on the association with plasma vitamin C. They used diet information reported by 4,487 participants in the Norfolk, United Kingdom, portion of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition by means of a 7-day diet diary and a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) (1993-1998). The authors found substantial differences in mean fruit and vegetable consumption assessed by the two diet instruments. Consumption estimated with the FFQ was about twice as high as that obtained with the 7-day diary, and the ranking of individuals according to estimates of fruit and vegetable consumption from the 7-day diary and the FFQ differed substantially. When fruit and vegetable consumption were categorized into quintiles, the two questionnaires produced similar associations of relative intake with plasma vitamin C, but estimation of the association of absolute intake with plasma vitamin C differed.
MeSH term(s)	Aged ; Ascorbic Acid/blood ; Biomarkers/blood ; Diet Surveys ; Epidemiologic Research Design ; Feeding Behavior ; Female ; Fruit ; Humans ; Linear Models ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prospective Studies ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; United Kingdom/epidemiology ; Vegetables
Chemical Substances	Biomarkers ; Ascorbic Acid (PQ6CK8PD0R)
Language	English
Publishing date	2005-05-15
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Comparative Study ; Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
ZDB-ID	2937-3
ISSN	1476-6256 ; 0002-9262
ISSN (online)	1476-6256
ISSN	0002-9262
DOI	10.1093/aje/kwi115
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Article: Prospective cohort study of hostility and the risk of cardiovascular disease mortality.

Surtees, Paul G / Wainwright, Nicholas W J / Luben, Robert / Day, Nicholas E / Khaw, Kay-Tee

International journal of cardiology

2005 Volume 100, Issue 1, Page(s) 155–161

Abstract: Background: Recent literature reviews have questioned hostility as a risk factor for heart disease. However, controversy persists due to the rarity of large-scale prospective cohort studies of initially healthy populations.: Methods: We prospectively ...

Abstract	Background: Recent literature reviews have questioned hostility as a risk factor for heart disease. However, controversy persists due to the rarity of large-scale prospective cohort studies of initially healthy populations. Methods: We prospectively investigated the association between hostility and cardiovascular (and all-cause) mortality among 20,550 men and women, 41-80 years of age, participating in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition in Norfolk (EPIC-Norfolk), United Kingdom study. Participants were recruited by post from general practice age-sex registers and subsequently attended health checks that included the assessment of coronary disease risk factors. Hostility assessment was completed by postal questionnaire. Results: During mean follow-up of 6 years, 1284 deaths were recorded including 481 from cardiovascular disease (CVD). Hostility was not associated with CVD mortality, after adjustment for age and prevalent disease, in either men (rate ratio for a 1 SD decrease in hostility score, representing increased hostility, 1.09; 95% confidence interval 0.98-1.22) or in women (rate ratio 1.00; 95% confidence interval 0.86-1.26). Subgroup analysis suggested hostility may be associated with CVD mortality (independent of age, prevalent disease and cigarette smoking) for participants reporting very high hostility and for those aged less than 60 years. Conclusions: Hostility was not associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular mortality in this population study of older adults.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Cardiovascular Diseases/mortality ; Cardiovascular Diseases/psychology ; Coronary Disease/mortality ; Coronary Disease/psychology ; Female ; Hostility ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Myocardial Infarction/mortality ; Myocardial Infarction/psychology ; Prospective Studies
Language	English
Publishing date	2005-04-08
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	779519-1
ISSN	1874-1754 ; 0167-5273
ISSN (online)	1874-1754
ISSN	0167-5273
DOI	10.1016/j.ijcard.2005.01.014
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