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  1. Article ; Online: Examining mental health and autonomic function as putative mediators of the relationship between sleep and trajectories of cognitive function: findings from the Irish longitudinal study on ageing (TILDA).

    Ryan, David J / De Looze, Céline / McGarrigle, Christine A / Scarlett, Siobhan / Kenny, Rose Anne

    Aging & mental health

    2024  , Page(s) 1–8

    Abstract: Objectives: This study investigates the mediating roles of autonomic function and mental health in the association between sleep and cognitive decline in adults aged 50 and above.: Method: A total of 2,697 participants with observations on sleep and ... ...

    Abstract Objectives: This study investigates the mediating roles of autonomic function and mental health in the association between sleep and cognitive decline in adults aged 50 and above.
    Method: A total of 2,697 participants with observations on sleep and mediators at baseline and repeated measures of cognitive function (MMSE) were included. Clusters of individuals with similar cognitive trajectories (high-stable, mid-stable and low-declining) were identified. Multinomial logistic regressions were used to estimate the likelihood of membership to each trajectory group based on sleep duration and disturbance. Finally, mediation analysis tested potential mediating effects of autonomic function and mental health underpinning the sleep-cognition relationship.
    Results: Short (
    Conclusion: Older adults with short or disturbed sleep are at risk of cognitive decline due to poor mental health. Individuals with long sleep are also at risk, however, the acting pathways remain to be identified. These outcomes have clinical implications, potentially identifying intervention strategies targeting mental health and sleep as prophylactic measures against dementia.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-05-06
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1474804-6
    ISSN 1364-6915 ; 1360-7863
    ISSN (online) 1364-6915
    ISSN 1360-7863
    DOI 10.1080/13607863.2024.2345133
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  2. Article: Relationship between hippocampal subfield volumes and cognitive decline in healthy subjects.

    Doran, Simon / Carey, Daniel / Knight, Silvin / Meaney, James F / Kenny, Rose Anne / De Looze, Céline

    Frontiers in aging neuroscience

    2023  Volume 15, Page(s) 1284619

    Abstract: We examined the relationship between hippocampal subfield volumes and cognitive decline over a 4-year period in a healthy older adult population with the goal of identifying subjects at risk of progressive cognitive impairment which could potentially ... ...

    Abstract We examined the relationship between hippocampal subfield volumes and cognitive decline over a 4-year period in a healthy older adult population with the goal of identifying subjects at risk of progressive cognitive impairment which could potentially guide therapeutic interventions and monitoring. 482 subjects (68.1 years +/- 7.4; 52.9% female) from the Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing underwent magnetic resonance brain imaging and a series of cognitive tests. Using
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-12-07
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2558898-9
    ISSN 1663-4365
    ISSN 1663-4365
    DOI 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1284619
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  3. Article ; Online: The association between kidney function, cognitive function, and structural brain abnormalities in community-dwelling individuals aged 50+ is mediated by age and biomarkers of cardiovascular disease.

    Nowak, Natalia / De Looze, Celine / O'Halloran, Aisling / Kenny, Rose Anne / Sexton, Donal J

    Cardiovascular research

    2023  Volume 119, Issue 11, Page(s) 2106–2116

    Abstract: Aims: Cognitive impairment has been associated with kidney function and chronic kidney disease. Whether this association is due to accelerated cardiovascular disease (CVD) or an independent specific kidney function effect related to toxins is unclear. ... ...

    Abstract Aims: Cognitive impairment has been associated with kidney function and chronic kidney disease. Whether this association is due to accelerated cardiovascular disease (CVD) or an independent specific kidney function effect related to toxins is unclear. We investigated the impact of an array of clinical factors, inflammatory biomarkers, and cardiovascular biomarkers on the association between kidney function, cognitive function, and structural brain abnormalities.
    Methods and results: We used data from the first and third waves of the TILDA Study, a population-representative prospective cohort of Irish adults aged 50 years and over, based on stratified random sampling (n = 3774). The MRI sub-study included participants who consented to MRI brain imaging in addition to the health assessment. Multivariable linear and mixed-effect longitudinal regression models were fitted separately for each kidney marker/estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) equation after adjusting for baseline age and demographics, clinical vascular risk factors, and biomarkers. Unadjusted analyses showed an association between low eGFR, cognitive dysfunction, and cognitive decline (P < 0.001 for all kidney markers). Kidney function markers were also associated with white matter disease [OR = 3.32 (95% CI: 1.11, 9.98)], total grey matter volume (β = -0.17, 95% CI -0.27 to -0.07), and regional grey matter volumes within areas particularly susceptible to hypoxia (P < 0.001 for all). All the associations decreased after adjusting for age and were also diminished after adjusting for CVD biomarkers. Age and CVD-biomarker score were significant mediators of the adjusted associations between eGFR and cognitive status. These results remained consistent for cross-sectional and longitudinal outcomes and specific cognitive domains.
    Conclusion: Decreased kidney function was associated with cerebrovascular disease. The association appeared to be mediated predominantly by age and the combination of CVD markers [namely N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and Growth Differentiation Factor 15 (GDF15)], supporting the idea that shared biological pathways underline both diseases. Further mechanistic studies of the specific molecular mechanisms that lead to both kidney and cognitive decline are warranted.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Middle Aged ; Aged ; Cardiovascular Diseases/diagnosis ; Cardiovascular Diseases/epidemiology ; Prospective Studies ; Independent Living ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Cognition ; Biomarkers ; Kidney ; Brain
    Chemical Substances Biomarkers
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-17
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 80340-6
    ISSN 1755-3245 ; 0008-6363
    ISSN (online) 1755-3245
    ISSN 0008-6363
    DOI 10.1093/cvr/cvad060
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  4. Article ; Online: White matter fibre density in the brain's inhibitory control network is associated with falling in low activity older adults.

    Simon, Colin / Bolton, David A E / Meaney, James F / Kenny, Rose Anne / Simon, Vivienne A / De Looze, Céline / Knight, Silvin / Ruddy, Kathy L

    The European journal of neuroscience

    2024  

    Abstract: Recent research has indicated that the relationship between age-related cognitive decline and falling may be mediated by the individual's capacity to quickly cancel or inhibit a motor response. This longitudinal investigation demonstrates that higher ... ...

    Abstract Recent research has indicated that the relationship between age-related cognitive decline and falling may be mediated by the individual's capacity to quickly cancel or inhibit a motor response. This longitudinal investigation demonstrates that higher white matter fibre density in the motor inhibition network paired with low physical activity was associated with falling in elderly participants. We measured the density of white matter fibre tracts connecting key nodes in the inhibitory control network in a large sample (n = 414) of older adults. We modelled their self-reported frequency of falling over a 4-year period with white matter fibre density in pathways corresponding to the direct and hyperdirect cortical-subcortical loops implicated in the inhibitory control network. Only connectivity between right inferior frontal gyrus and right subthalamic nucleus was associated with falling as measured cross-sectionally. The connectivity was not, however, predictive of future falling when measured 2 and 4 years later. Higher white matter fibre density was associated with falling, but only in combination with low levels of physical activity. No such relationship existed for selected control brain regions that are not implicated in the inhibitory control network. Albeit statistically robust, the direction of this effect was counterintuitive (more dense connectivity associated with falling) and warrants further longitudinal investigation into whether white matter fibre density changes over time in a manner correlated with falling, and mediated by physical activity.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-18
    Publishing country France
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 645180-9
    ISSN 1460-9568 ; 0953-816X
    ISSN (online) 1460-9568
    ISSN 0953-816X
    DOI 10.1111/ejn.16327
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  5. Article ; Online: Multisensory integration precision is associated with better cognitive performance over time in older adults: A large-scale exploratory study.

    Hirst, Rebecca J / Setti, Annalisa / De Looze, Céline / Kenny, Rose Anne / Newell, Fiona N

    Aging brain

    2022  Volume 2, Page(s) 100038

    Abstract: Age-related sensory decline impacts cognitive performance and exposes individuals to a greater risk of cognitive decline. Integration across the senses also changes with age, yet the link between multisensory perception and cognitive ageing is poorly ... ...

    Abstract Age-related sensory decline impacts cognitive performance and exposes individuals to a greater risk of cognitive decline. Integration across the senses also changes with age, yet the link between multisensory perception and cognitive ageing is poorly understood. We explored the relationship between multisensory integration and cognitive function in 2875 adults aged 50 + from The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing. Multisensory integration was assessed at several audio-visual temporal asynchronies using the Sound Induced Flash Illusion (SIFI). More precise integration (i.e. less illusion susceptibility with larger temporal asynchronies) was cross-sectionally associated with faster Choice Response Times and Colour Trail Task performance, and fewer errors on the Sustained Attention to Response Task. We then used k-means clustering to identify groups with different 10-year cognitive trajectories on measures available longitudinally; delayed recall, immediate recall and verbal fluency. Across measures, groups with consistently higher performance trajectories had more precise multisensory integration. These findings support broad links between multisensory integration and several cognitive measures, including processing speed, attention and memory, rather than association with any specific subdomain.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-05-02
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2589-9589
    ISSN (online) 2589-9589
    DOI 10.1016/j.nbas.2022.100038
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  6. Article ; Online: Do Mini-Mental State Examination and Montreal Cognitive Assessment predict high-cost health care users? A competing risks analysis in The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing.

    May, Peter / De Looze, Céline / Feeney, Joanne / Matthews, Soraya / Kenny, Rose Anne / Normand, Charles

    International journal of geriatric psychiatry

    2022  Volume 37, Issue 7

    Abstract: Objectives: Policymakers want to better identify in advance the 10% of people who account for approximately 75% of health care costs. We evaluated how well Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) predicted high ... ...

    Abstract Objectives: Policymakers want to better identify in advance the 10% of people who account for approximately 75% of health care costs. We evaluated how well Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) predicted high costs in Ireland.
    Methods/design: We used five waves from The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing, a biennial population-representative survey of people aged 50+ (2010-2018). We used competing risks analysis where our outcome of interest was "high costs" (top 10% at any wave) and the competing outcome was dying or loss to follow-up without first having the high-cost outcome. Our binary predictors of interest were a 'low score' (bottom 10% in the sample) in MMSE (≤25 pts) and MoCA (≤19 pts) at baseline, and we calculated sub-hazard ratios after controlling for sociodemographic, clinical and functional factors.
    Results: Of 5856 participants, 1427 (24%) had the 'high cost' outcome; 1463 (25%) had a competing outcome; and 2966 (51%) completed eight years of follow-up without either outcome. In multivariable regressions a low MoCA score was associated with high costs (SHR: 1.38 (95% CI: 1.2-1.6) but a low MMSE score was not. Low MoCA score at baseline had a higher true positive rate (40%) than did low MMSE score (35%). The scores had similar association with exit from the study.
    Conclusions: MoCA had superior predictive accuracy for high costs than MMSE but the two scores identify somewhat different types of high-cost user. Combining the approaches may improve efforts to identify in advance high-cost users.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-06-07
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 806736-3
    ISSN 1099-1166 ; 0885-6230
    ISSN (online) 1099-1166
    ISSN 0885-6230
    DOI 10.1002/gps.5766
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  7. Article ; Online: Assessing cognitive function in longitudinal studies of ageing worldwide: some practical considerations.

    De Looze, Céline / Feeney, Joanne / Seeher, Katrin M / Amuthavalli Thiyagarajan, Jotheeswaran / Diaz, Theresa / Kenny, Rose Anne

    Age and ageing

    2023  Volume 52, Issue Suppl 4, Page(s) iv13–iv25

    Abstract: Over 55 million people live with dementia worldwide. With 40% of modifiable risk factors estimated to contribute to dementia, the potential for prevention is high, and preventive measures, at an early stage of cognitive decline, are likely to positively ... ...

    Abstract Over 55 million people live with dementia worldwide. With 40% of modifiable risk factors estimated to contribute to dementia, the potential for prevention is high, and preventive measures, at an early stage of cognitive decline, are likely to positively influence future dementia trends. Countries need reliable health data and adequate measurement tools to quantify, monitor and track early changes in cognitive capacity in the general population. Many cognitive tests exist; however, there is no consensus to date about which instruments should be employed, and important variations in measurement have been observed. In this narrative review, we present a number of cognitive tests that have been used in nationally representative population-based longitudinal studies of ageing. Longitudinal panel studies of ageing represent critical platforms towards capturing the process of cognitive ageing and understanding associated risk and protective factors. We highlight optimal measures for use at a population level and for cross-country comparisons, taking into consideration instrument reliability, validity, duration, ease of administration, costs, literacy and numeracy requirements, adaptability to sensory and fine motor impairments and portability to different cultural and linguistic milieux. Drawing upon the strengths and limitations of each of these tests, and the experience gained and lessons learnt from conducting a nationally representative study of ageing, we indicate a comprehensive battery of tests for the assessment of cognitive capacity, designed to facilitate its standardised operationalisation worldwide.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Reproducibility of Results ; Cognition ; Aging ; Longitudinal Studies ; Dementia/diagnosis ; Dementia/epidemiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-12-07
    Publishing country England
    Document type Review ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 186788-x
    ISSN 1468-2834 ; 0002-0729
    ISSN (online) 1468-2834
    ISSN 0002-0729
    DOI 10.1093/ageing/afad122
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  8. Article ; Online: Examining the Impact of Socioeconomic Position Across the Life Course on Cognitive Function and Brain Structure in Healthy Aging.

    De Looze, Céline / Demnitz, Naiara / Knight, Silvin / Carey, Daniel / Meaney, Jim / Kenny, Rose Anne / McCrory, Cathal

    The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences

    2023  Volume 78, Issue 6, Page(s) 890–901

    Abstract: This study explores the relationship of life-course intergenerational social mobility with cognitive function and brain structure in older adults using Diagonal Reference Models. Data from the Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing, a population-based cohort ...

    Abstract This study explores the relationship of life-course intergenerational social mobility with cognitive function and brain structure in older adults using Diagonal Reference Models. Data from the Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing, a population-based cohort of adults aged 50 years and older (N = 4 620 participants; mean age: 66.1; standard deviation: 9.1; 55% female) was used for analysis. Brain magnetic resonance imaging data were available for 464 participants. Social mobility was characterized as the difference between childhood socioeconomic position (SEP; ie, father's occupation) and adulthood SEP (ie, own occupation). The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), cortical thickness, and total gray matter volume (GMV) served as global cognitive and brain measures. Exploratory analyses included the volumes of the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC), anterior cingulate (AC), hippocampus, and amygdala. A social gradient in cognitive function was observed among the intergenerationally stable; brain structure was not as clearly socially patterned. Adulthood SEP was significantly associated with MoCA (weight = 0.76; p < .001), MMSE (weight = 0.91; p < .001), GMV (weight = 0.77; p = .002), and AC volume (weight = 0.76; p < .001), whereas childhood SEP was associated with vmPFC volume (weight = 1.00; p = .003). There was no independent association of social mobility with any of the outcomes. Together our results suggest that both childhood and adulthood SEP are important in shaping later-life brain health, but that adulthood SEP predominates in terms of its influence. This is potentially an important insight as it suggests that brain health may be modifiable if socioeconomic circumstances change.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Female ; Middle Aged ; Aged ; Child ; Male ; Social Class ; Longitudinal Studies ; Life Change Events ; Healthy Aging ; Cognition ; Prefrontal Cortex ; Socioeconomic Factors
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-23
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1223643-3
    ISSN 1758-535X ; 1079-5006
    ISSN (online) 1758-535X
    ISSN 1079-5006
    DOI 10.1093/gerona/glad068
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  9. Article ; Online: Mind versus body: Perceived stress and biological stress are independently related to cognitive decline.

    De Looze, Céline / McCrory, Cathal / O'Halloran, Aisling / Polidoro, Silvia / Anne Kenny, Rose / Feeney, Joanne

    Brain, behavior, and immunity

    2023  Volume 115, Page(s) 696–704

    Abstract: Chronic stress may increase risk of age-related cognitive decline. 'Stress', however, is a multidimensional construct and few studies have investigated the inter-relationship of subjective stress and biological stress with cognitive decline. In this ... ...

    Abstract Chronic stress may increase risk of age-related cognitive decline. 'Stress', however, is a multidimensional construct and few studies have investigated the inter-relationship of subjective stress and biological stress with cognitive decline. In this study, we examine the relationship between perceived stress and two measures of biological stress - allostatic load, indexing stress at the physiological level and leukocyte telomere length, indexing stress at the cellular level - with cognitive decline over a 12-year period in adults aged 50 and older. 3,458 participants (aged ≥ 50) from The Irish Longitudinal study on Ageing with measurements of allostatic load, telomere length and perceived stress at baseline and repeated measures of cognitive function were included. Hierarchical linear regression models with adjustment for multiple potential confounders were applied, and repeated stratified by sex in sensitivity analyses. Higher perceived stress at baseline was associated with lower cognitive function (β = -0.10, 95 % CI -0.12, -0.07, p <.001), with similar strength of associations across waves. There were significant interactions between measures of biological stress and wave; higher allostatic load was associated (X
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Female ; Middle Aged ; Aged ; Longitudinal Studies ; Aging/physiology ; Cognitive Dysfunction ; Cognition ; Stress, Psychological
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-11-15
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 639219-2
    ISSN 1090-2139 ; 0889-1591
    ISSN (online) 1090-2139
    ISSN 0889-1591
    DOI 10.1016/j.bbi.2023.10.017
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  10. Article ; Online: Depressive Symptoms Among Older Adults Pre- and Post-COVID-19 Pandemic.

    Briggs, Robert / McDowell, Cillian P / De Looze, Céline / Kenny, Rose Anne / Ward, Mark

    Journal of the American Medical Directors Association

    2021  Volume 22, Issue 11, Page(s) 2251–2257

    Abstract: Objectives: It is a concern that public health measures to prevent older people contracting COVID-19 could lead to a rise in mental health problems such as depression. The aim of this study therefore is to examine trends of depressive symptoms before ... ...

    Abstract Objectives: It is a concern that public health measures to prevent older people contracting COVID-19 could lead to a rise in mental health problems such as depression. The aim of this study therefore is to examine trends of depressive symptoms before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in a large cohort of older people.
    Design: Observational study with 6-year follow-up.
    Setting & participants: More than 3000 community-dwelling adults aged ≥60 years participating in The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (TILDA).
    Methods: Mixed effects multilevel models were used to describe trends in depressive symptoms across 3 waves of TILDA: wave 4 (2016), wave 5 (2018), and a final wave conducted July-November 2020. Depressive symptoms were measured using the 8-item Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), with a score ≥9 indicating clinically significant symptoms.
    Results: The prevalence of clinically significant depressive symptoms at waves 4 and 5 was 7.2% [95% confidence interval (CI) 6.5, 7.9] and 7.2% (95% CI 6.5, 8.0), respectively. This more than doubled to 19.8% (95% CI 18.5, 21.2) during the COVID-19 pandemic. There was no change in CES-D scores between waves 4 and 5 (β = 0.09, 95% CI -0.04, 0.23), but a large increase in symptoms was observed during the pandemic (β = 2.20, 95% CI 2.07, 2.33). Age ≥70 years was independently associated with depressive symptoms (β = 0.45, 95% CI 0.18, 0.72) during the pandemic but not from wave 4 to 5 (β = 0.09, 95% CI -0.18, 0.36). Living with others was associated with a lower burden of symptoms during the pandemic (β = -0.40, 95% CI -0.71, -0.09) but not between waves 4 and 5 (β = -0.40, 95% CI -0.71, -0.09).
    Conclusions and implications: This study demonstrates significant increases in the burden of depressive symptoms among older people during the COVID-19 pandemic, particularly those aged ≥70 years and/or living alone. Even a small increase in the incidence of late life depression can have major implications for health care systems and societies in general. Improving access to age-attuned mental health care should therefore be a priority.
    MeSH term(s) Aged ; COVID-19 ; Depression/epidemiology ; Humans ; Longitudinal Studies ; Pandemics ; SARS-CoV-2
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-09-13
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Observational Study ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2171030-2
    ISSN 1538-9375 ; 1525-8610
    ISSN (online) 1538-9375
    ISSN 1525-8610
    DOI 10.1016/j.jamda.2021.09.003
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