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Book ; Article ; Online: Employment and welfare effects of the quota for disabled workers in Brazil

de Souza, Gustavo

2023

Abstract: I study the effect o f a q uota f or disabled workers o n t he l abor m arket a nd o n welfare. Using a task-based model, I show that the effect o f a q uota w ill d epend o n the productivity of disabled workers and their labor supply elasticity. I ... ...

Abstract	I study the effect o f a q uota f or disabled workers o n t he l abor m arket a nd o n welfare. Using a task-based model, I show that the effect o f a q uota w ill d epend o n the productivity of disabled workers and their labor supply elasticity. I estimate the productivity of disabled workers using variation from inspections of the quota. I find that the quota increased the hiring of disabled workers, but it reduced wages and employment of non-disabled workers, suggesting that the quota reduced firms' productivity. I estimate the labor supply elasticity of disabled workers using heterogeneous exposure across regions. Using the model calibrated to the empirical estimates, I find t hat the quota for disabled workers decreased welfare by 0.33% and forced the government to increase marginal taxes. However, alternatively, a subsidy for disabled workers could increase welfare
Keywords	ddc:330 ; E6 ; H2 ; H5 ; quota for disabled workers ; disability insurance ; fiscal policy
Subject code	331
Language	English
Publisher	Chicago, IL: Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago
Publishing country	de
Document type	Book ; Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Understanding the relations between Solanaceae crops and their pollinators: a global meta-network.

de Souza, G T / Torquato, I H S / Castro, C C

Plant biology (Stuttgart, Germany)

2024 Volume 26, Issue 2, Page(s) 157–165

Abstract: Crop-pollinator interactions are essential for world food security. Studying crop pollination from a network approach allows identification of target pollinators for conservation and management, and gaps in our knowledge. Solanaceae represents the third ... ...

Abstract	Crop-pollinator interactions are essential for world food security. Studying crop pollination from a network approach allows identification of target pollinators for conservation and management, and gaps in our knowledge. Solanaceae represents the third highest ranked family based on economic value, and its production is highly improved by animal pollination. This study aimed to integrate global data on solanaceous crop pollination and analyse the interaction patterns using a meta-network approach. Our questions were: (i) how are interactions structured and what are the structuring roles of species; and (ii) what are the main gaps in our knowledge? Data were obtained through a systematic review of the main scientific databases. The network structure was described using connectivity and modularity calculations, and the role of species using centrality metrics. The 251 pollinator species reported were in seven orders, mainly Hymenoptera (84.9%). The generalists Bombus and Apis species were the most common pollinators. The meta-network was modular, and all modules mostly included bees. Most species were peripherals, around 12% were connectors, and there were no module hubs. Apis mellifera was the only network hub (supergeneralist). The most important pollinators are the most managed pollinators worldwide; however, many native species play a role in structuring the meta-network. Main gaps include species of importance to pepper pollination, lack of species-specific identification, and the need for more robust experimental studies evaluating the pollination efficiency of native, manageable bees.
MeSH term(s)	Bees ; Animals ; Solanaceae ; Crops, Agricultural ; Pollination ; Species Specificity
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-08
Publishing country	England
Document type	Systematic Review ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1464075-2
ISSN	1438-8677 ; 1435-8603
ISSN (online)	1438-8677
ISSN	1435-8603
DOI	10.1111/plb.13616
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Article ; Online: Assessment of tropane alkaloid levels in Brazilian buckwheat flour products: A novel LC-UHPLC-MS/MS approach using solid-liquid extraction at low temperature.

Caminhas, Larissa D / Freitas Pereira de Souza, Gabriela / Rath, Susanne

Food chemistry

2023 Volume 438, Page(s) 138010

Abstract: In recent years, the monitoring of tropane alkaloids, specifically hyoscyamine and scopolamine, in food has become a pressing concern. This is due to increasing reports of food contamination with these compounds worldwide, raising awareness about the ... ...

Abstract	In recent years, the monitoring of tropane alkaloids, specifically hyoscyamine and scopolamine, in food has become a pressing concern. This is due to increasing reports of food contamination with these compounds worldwide, raising awareness about the potential risks associated with their consumption. A novel method is proposed here for the determination of the sum of (+)-hyoscyamine, (-)-hyoscyamine, and (-)-scopolamine in buckwheat-based matrices, using solid-liquid extraction at low temperature and quantification by bidimensional chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry. The validated method presented a linear response in the concentration range of 2.5-15 μg kg
MeSH term(s)	Alkaloids/analysis ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry ; Fagopyrum ; Hyoscyamine ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid/methods ; Flour/analysis ; Brazil ; Temperature ; Tropanes/chemistry ; Scopolamine/analysis
Chemical Substances	Alkaloids ; Hyoscyamine (PX44XO846X) ; Tropanes ; Scopolamine (DL48G20X8X)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-11-19
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	243123-3
ISSN	1873-7072 ; 0308-8146
ISSN (online)	1873-7072
ISSN	0308-8146
DOI	10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.138010
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Article ; Online: Indolicidin revisited: biological activity, potential applications and perspectives of an antimicrobial peptide not yet fully explored.

Batista Araujo, Jaqueline / Sastre de Souza, Guilherme / Lorenzon, Esteban Nicolas

World journal of microbiology & biotechnology

2022 Volume 38, Issue 3, Page(s) 39

Abstract: The emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria, viruses and tumors is a serious threat to public health. Among natural peptides, indolicidin, a 13-residue peptide belonging to the cathelicidin family, deserves special attention. Indolicidin has a broad ... ...

Abstract	The emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria, viruses and tumors is a serious threat to public health. Among natural peptides, indolicidin, a 13-residue peptide belonging to the cathelicidin family, deserves special attention. Indolicidin has a broad spectrum of biological activity and is active against a wide range of targets, such as bacteria (Gram+ and Gram-), fungi and viruses. Here, we review the most important features of the biological activity, potential applications and perspectives of indolicidin and its analogs. Although not yet approved for commercialization, this peptide has great potential to be applied in different areas, including the medical, biomedical, food industry and other unexplored areas. To achieve this goal, a multidisciplinary team of researchers must work together to fine tune peptides that overall lead to novel analogs and formulations to combat existing and possibly future diseases.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology ; Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides/genetics ; Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides/pharmacology ; Bacteria/drug effects ; Biofilms/drug effects ; Cathelicidins/genetics ; Cathelicidins/pharmacology ; Humans ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Structure-Activity Relationship
Chemical Substances	Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides ; Cathelicidins ; indolicidin (073SBV429N)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-12
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	1499109-3
ISSN	1573-0972 ; 0959-3993
ISSN (online)	1573-0972
ISSN	0959-3993
DOI	10.1007/s11274-022-03227-2
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Article ; Online: Effect of artificial aging on optical properties and crystalline structure of high-translucency zirconia.

Hajhamid, Beshr / Bozec, Laurent / Tenenbaum, Howard / De Souza, Grace / Somogyi-Ganss, Eszter

Journal of prosthodontics : official journal of the American College of Prosthodontists

2023 Volume 33, Issue 1, Page(s) 61–69

Abstract: Purpose: To investigate the effect of different in vitro aging protocols on the optical properties and crystalline structure of high-translucency (HT) zirconia.: Materials and methods: Thirty-six specimens of HT and extra-high translucency (XT) ... ...

Abstract	Purpose: To investigate the effect of different in vitro aging protocols on the optical properties and crystalline structure of high-translucency (HT) zirconia. Materials and methods: Thirty-six specimens of HT and extra-high translucency (XT) zirconia were divided into three groups: control (CO)-no treatment; hydrothermal aging (HA)-autoclave aging for 12.5 h at 134°C, 2 bar; clinically related aging (CRA)-aging in the chewing simulator for 1.2 million cycles, followed by 50,000 thermocycles (5-55°C) and immersion in HCl (pH 1.2) for 15 h. Optical properties, crystalline structure, and surface roughness were analyzed and compared using analysis of variance (5% significance level). Results: There was no statistically significant effect of aging on translucency (p = 0.10), but CRA promoted the development of a high contrast ratio (p = 0.03). Aging did not cause significant color changes for HT (p = 0.65) or XT (p = 0.36). The proportion of monoclinic crystals increased to 40% for HT-zirconia after HA and 5% after CRA. No monoclinic crystals were detected for XT groups. There was no effect of aging on surface roughness (p = 0.77). Conclusions: Although hydrothermal aging has been widely used to verify zirconia crystalline stability, it did not generate an effect similar to clinically related aging on the optical properties and crystalline structure of zirconia. HA affected the crystalline structure of HT-zirconia, and CRA compromised the optical properties of XT zirconia.
MeSH term(s)	Dental Materials/chemistry ; Ceramics/chemistry ; Materials Testing ; Surface Properties ; Zirconium/chemistry
Chemical Substances	Dental Materials ; zirconium oxide (S38N85C5G0) ; Zirconium (C6V6S92N3C)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-02
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1197213-0
ISSN	1532-849X ; 1059-941X
ISSN (online)	1532-849X
ISSN	1059-941X
DOI	10.1111/jopr.13648
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Book ; Article ; Online: (Trade) War and Peace

de Souza, Gustavo / Hu, Naiyuan / Li, Haishi / Mei, Yuan

How to Impose International Trade Sanctions

2023

Abstract: Trade sanctions are a common instrument of diplomatic retaliation. To guide current and future policy, we ask: What is the most cost-efficient way to impose trade sanctions against Russia? We build a quantitative model of international trade with input- ... ...

Abstract	Trade sanctions are a common instrument of diplomatic retaliation. To guide current and future policy, we ask: What is the most cost-efficient way to impose trade sanctions against Russia? We build a quantitative model of international trade with input-output connections. Sanctioning countries choose import tariffs to simultaneously maximize their income and minimize Russia's income, with different weights placed on these objectives. We find, first, that for countries with low willingness to pay for sanctions against Russia, the most cost-efficient sanction is a uniform tariff on all Russian products of about 20%. Second, if countries that are willing to pay at least US$0.70 for each US$1 drop in Russian welfare, an embargo on Russia's mining and energy products – with tariffs above 50% on other products – is the most cost-efficient policy. Finally, if countries target politically relevant sectors, an embargo on Russia's mining and energy sector is the cost-efficient policy, even when there is low willingness to pay for sanctions.
Keywords	ddc:330 ; F13 ; O24 ; trade sanctions ; tariff ; tariff competition
Subject code	381
Language	English
Publisher	Munich: Center for Economic Studies and ifo Institute (CESifo)
Publishing country	de
Document type	Book ; Article ; Online
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Article ; Online: Chemical characterisation and

Olivaro, Cristina / Escobal, Micaela / de Souza, Guillermo / Mederos, América

Natural product research

2021 Volume 36, Issue 12, Page(s) 3168–3172

Abstract: Free (epi) catechin, quercetin, (epi) gallocatechin, flavonol glycosides and condensed tannins were identified according to their molecular mass, characteristic product ions and retention times in extracts obtained from leaves and branches ... ...

Abstract	Free (epi) catechin, quercetin, (epi) gallocatechin, flavonol glycosides and condensed tannins were identified according to their molecular mass, characteristic product ions and retention times in extracts obtained from leaves and branches of
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Anthelmintics/pharmacology ; Catechin/analysis ; Cattle ; Maytenus/chemistry ; Phenols/analysis ; Phenols/pharmacology ; Plant Extracts/chemistry ; Plant Leaves/chemistry ; Proanthocyanidins/analysis ; Quercetin/analysis ; Quercetin/pharmacology ; Tannins/analysis
Chemical Substances	Anthelmintics ; Phenols ; Plant Extracts ; Proanthocyanidins ; Tannins ; Catechin (8R1V1STN48) ; Quercetin (9IKM0I5T1E)
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-07-06
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2185747-7
ISSN	1478-6427 ; 1478-6419
ISSN (online)	1478-6427
ISSN	1478-6419
DOI	10.1080/14786419.2021.1948844
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Article ; Online: Promoting mineralization at biological interfaces

Neshatian, Mehrnoosh / Holcroft, James / Kishen, Anil / De Souza, Grace / Ganss, Bernhard

Materials today. Bio

2022 Volume 14, Page(s) 100255

Abstract: Interfacial failure at the resin-dentin interface is a significant disadvantage of resin-based dental restoration. In this study, we created bio-inspired bio-nano complexes using the enamel protein amelotin (AMTN) or AMTN with an engineered collagen- ... ...

Abstract	Interfacial failure at the resin-dentin interface is a significant disadvantage of resin-based dental restoration. In this study, we created bio-inspired bio-nano complexes using the enamel protein amelotin (AMTN) or AMTN with an engineered collagen-binding site (AMTN-Col) to coat hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (HANP). The resulting nano-bio complexes, AMTN-HANP and AMTN-Col-HANP, were evaluated for their ability to promote collagen mineralization. Our study comprises three separate phases.In phase I, developing a method for functionalizing HANP with AMTN/AMTN-Col was explored. HANP were synthesized and characterized using TEM, SAED-TEM, XRD and ATR-FTIR. The nanoparticles were functionalized with AMTN or AMTN-Col. The successful coating of the nanoparticles with the proteins was confirmed using a TEM image of immunogold-labelled samples.In phase II of the study, the mineralization potential of the synthesized bio-nano complexes was studied using model systems consisting of simulated body fluid (SBF), polymerized collagen gels, and dentin disks prepared from human extracted molars. Mineral formation in SBF was recorded with a light scattering assay using a microplate reader on 8 replicates of each sample per study time point. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA and the Tukey test. Significance was assigned at Conclusion: We have shown that AMTN based bio-nano complexes promote mineral formation on collagenous interfaces. Our findings can be the basis of new bio-inspired, bio-nano materials that may improve dental restoration longevity by enhancing the stability and integrity of the dentin-composite resin interface.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-04-06
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2590-0064
ISSN (online)	2590-0064
DOI	10.1016/j.mtbio.2022.100255
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Article ; Online: Beta-lactam resistance and the effectiveness of antimicrobial peptides against KPC-producing bacteria.

da Costa de Souza, Guilherme / Roque-Borda, Cesar Augusto / Pavan, Fernando R

Drug development research

2022 Volume 83, Issue 7, Page(s) 1534–1554

Abstract: Bacterial resistance is a problem that is giving serious cause for concern because bacterial strains such as Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa are difficult to treat and highly opportunistic. These bacteria easily acquire resistance ... ...

Abstract	Bacterial resistance is a problem that is giving serious cause for concern because bacterial strains such as Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa are difficult to treat and highly opportunistic. These bacteria easily acquire resistance genes even from other species, which confers greater persistence and tolerance towards conventional antibiotics. These bacteria have the highest death rate in hospitalized intensive care patients, so strong measures must be taken. In this review, we focus on the use of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) as an alternative to traditional drugs, due to their rapid action and lower risk of generating resistance by microorganisms. We also present an overview of beta-lactams and explicitly explain the activity of AMPs against carbapenemase-producing bacteria as potential alternative agents for infection control.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Antimicrobial Peptides ; beta-Lactam Resistance/genetics ; Acinetobacter baumannii/genetics ; beta-Lactams/pharmacology ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology ; Bacteria ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests
Chemical Substances	Antimicrobial Peptides ; beta-Lactams ; Anti-Bacterial Agents
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-08-30
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	604587-x
ISSN	1098-2299 ; 0272-4391
ISSN (online)	1098-2299
ISSN	0272-4391
DOI	10.1002/ddr.21990
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Article ; Online: Valorization of e-waste via supercritical water technology: An approach for obsolete mobile phones.

Botelho Meireles de Souza, Guilherme / Bisinotto Pereira, Mariana / Clementino Mourão, Lucas / Gonçalves Alonso, Christian / Jegatheesan, Veeriah / Cardozo-Filho, Lucio

Chemosphere

2023 Volume 337, Page(s) 139343

Abstract: The improper handling of electronic waste has not only severe environmental impacts but also results in the loss of high economic potential. To address this issue, the use of supercritical water (ScW) technology for the eco-friendly processing of waste ... ...

Abstract	The improper handling of electronic waste has not only severe environmental impacts but also results in the loss of high economic potential. To address this issue, the use of supercritical water (ScW) technology for the eco-friendly processing of waste printed circuit boards (WPCBs) obtained from obsolete mobile phones has been explored in this study. The WPCBs were characterized via MP-AES, WDXRF, TG/DTA, CHNS elemental analysis, SEM and XRD. A L9 Taguchi orthogonal array design was employed to evaluate the impact of four independent variables on the organic degradation rate (OD
MeSH term(s)	Water/analysis ; Electronic Waste/analysis ; Hydrogen Peroxide/analysis ; Gases/analysis ; Cell Phone ; Oxidants ; Recycling/methods
Chemical Substances	Water (059QF0KO0R) ; Hydrogen Peroxide (BBX060AN9V) ; Gases ; Oxidants
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-27
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	120089-6
ISSN	1879-1298 ; 0045-6535 ; 0366-7111
ISSN (online)	1879-1298
ISSN	0045-6535 ; 0366-7111
DOI	10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139343
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