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  1. Article ; Online: Early chains of transmission of COVID-19 in France, January to March 2020.

    Paireau, Juliette / Mailles, Alexandra / Eisenhauer, Catherine / de Laval, Franck / Delon, François / Bosetti, Paolo / Salje, Henrik / Pontiès, Valérie / Cauchemez, Simon

    Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin

    2022  Volume 27, Issue 6

    Abstract: IntroductionSARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, has spread rapidly worldwide. In January 2020, a surveillance system was implemented in France for early detection of cases and their contacts to help limit secondary transmissions.AimTo use contact- ...

    Abstract IntroductionSARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, has spread rapidly worldwide. In January 2020, a surveillance system was implemented in France for early detection of cases and their contacts to help limit secondary transmissions.AimTo use contact-tracing data collected during the initial phase of the COVID-19 pandemic to better characterise SARS-CoV-2 transmission.MethodsWe analysed data collected during contact tracing and retrospective epidemiological investigations in France from 24 January to 30 March 2020. We assessed the secondary clinical attack rate and characterised the risk of a contact becoming a case. We described chains of transmission and estimated key parameters of spread.ResultsDuring the study period, 6,082 contacts of 735 confirmed cases were traced. The overall secondary clinical attack rate was 4.1% (95% confidence interval (CI): 3.6-4.6), increasing with age of index case and contact. Compared with co-workers/friends, family contacts were at higher risk of becoming cases (adjusted odds ratio (AOR): 2.1, 95% CI: 1.4-3.0) and nosocomial contacts were at lower risk (AOR: 0.3, 95% CI: 0.1-0.7). Of 328 infector/infectee pairs, 49% were family members. The distribution of secondary cases was highly over-dispersed: 80% of secondary cases were caused by 10% of cases. The mean serial interval was 5.1 days (interquartile range (IQR): 2-8 days) in contact tracing pairs, where late transmission events may be censored, and 6.8 (3-8) days in pairs investigated retrospectively.ConclusionThis study increases knowledge of SARS-CoV-2 transmission, including the importance of superspreading events during the onset of the pandemic.
    MeSH term(s) COVID-19 ; Contact Tracing ; Humans ; Pandemics ; Retrospective Studies ; SARS-CoV-2
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-02-08
    Publishing country Sweden
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1338803-4
    ISSN 1560-7917 ; 1025-496X
    ISSN (online) 1560-7917
    ISSN 1025-496X
    DOI 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2022.27.6.2001953
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Updated estimation of cutaneous leishmaniasis incubation period in French Guiana.

    Blaizot, Romain / Fontaine, Albin / Demar, Magalie / Delon, François / d'Oleon, Albane de Bonet / Mayet, Aurélie / de Laval, Franck / de Santi, Vincent Pommier / Briolant, Sébastien

    PLoS neglected tropical diseases

    2023  Volume 17, Issue 6, Page(s) e0011415

    Abstract: Background: The cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) incubation period (IP) is defined as the time between parasite inoculation by sandfly bite and the onset of the first CL lesion. IP distribution is difficult to assess for CL because the date of exposure to ... ...

    Abstract Background: The cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) incubation period (IP) is defined as the time between parasite inoculation by sandfly bite and the onset of the first CL lesion. IP distribution is difficult to assess for CL because the date of exposure to an infectious bite cannot be accurately determined in endemic areas. IP current estimates for CL range from 14 days to several months with a median around 30-60 days, as established by a few previous studies in both New and Old Worlds.
    Methodology: We estimated CL incubation period distribution using time-to-event models adapted to interval-censored data based on declared date of travels from symptomatic military personnel living in non-endemic areas that were exposed during their short stays in French Guiana (FG) between January 2001 and December 2021.
    Principal findings: A total of 180 patients were included, of which 176 were men (97.8%), with a median age of 26 years. When recorded, the parasite species was always Leishmania guyanensis (31/180, 17.2%). The main periods of CL diagnosis spread from November to January (84/180, 46.7%) and over March-April (54/180, 30.0%). The median IP was estimated at 26.2 days (95% Credible Level, 23.8-28.7 days) using a Bayesian accelerated failure-time regression model. Estimated IP did not exceed 62.1 days (95% CI, 56-69.8 days) in 95% of cases (95th percentile). Age, gender, lesion number, lesion evolution and infection date did not significantly modify the IP. However, disseminated CL was significantly associated with a 2.8-fold shortening of IP.
    Conclusions: This work suggests that the CL IP distribution in French Guiana is shorter and more restricted than anticipated. As the incidence of CL in FG usually peaks in January and March, these findings suggest that patients are contaminated at the start of the rainy season.
    MeSH term(s) Male ; Humans ; Adult ; Female ; French Guiana/epidemiology ; Bayes Theorem ; Infectious Disease Incubation Period ; Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous/parasitology ; Leishmania guyanensis
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-06-14
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2429704-5
    ISSN 1935-2735 ; 1935-2735
    ISSN (online) 1935-2735
    ISSN 1935-2735
    DOI 10.1371/journal.pntd.0011415
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Sharp decrease in malaria incidence among the French armed forces in French Guiana.

    Velut, Guillaume / de Laval, Franck / Delon, François / d'Oléon, Albane / Douine, Maylis / Mosnier, Emilie / Mmadi Mrenda, Bakridine / Dia, Aissata / Musset, Lise / Briolant, Sébastien / Pommier de Santi, Vincent

    Travel medicine and infectious disease

    2023  Volume 52, Page(s) 102547

    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Incidence ; French Guiana/epidemiology ; Malaria/epidemiology ; Malaria/prevention & control ; Military Personnel
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-07
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2170891-5
    ISSN 1873-0442 ; 1477-8939
    ISSN (online) 1873-0442
    ISSN 1477-8939
    DOI 10.1016/j.tmaid.2023.102547
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Early chains of transmission of COVID-19 in France

    Paireau, Juliette / Mailles, Alexandra / Eisenhauer, Catherine / de Laval, Franck / Delon, Francois / Bosetti, Paolo / Salje, Henrik / Ponties, Valerie / Cauchemez, Simon

    medRxiv

    Abstract: Introduction: SARS-CoV-2, which causes COVID-19, has spread rapidly across the world. A dedicated surveillance system was implemented in France in January 2020 to improve early detection of cases and their contacts and limit secondary transmission. Our ... ...

    Abstract Introduction: SARS-CoV-2, which causes COVID-19, has spread rapidly across the world. A dedicated surveillance system was implemented in France in January 2020 to improve early detection of cases and their contacts and limit secondary transmission. Our objective was to use contact-tracing data collected during this initial phase of the epidemic to better characterize SARS-CoV-2 transmission. Methods: We analyzed data collected during contact tracing and retrospective epidemiological investigations in France from 24 January to 30 March 2020. We assessed the secondary clinical attack rate and characterized the risk of a contact becoming a case. We described chains of transmission and estimated key parameters of spread. Results: Over the study period, 6,082 contacts of 735 confirmed cases were traced. The overall secondary clinical attack rate was 4.1% (95%CI 3.6-4.6) and increased with age of the index case and of the contact. Family contacts were at higher risk of becoming cases (adjusted odds ratio 2.1 (95%CI 1.4-3.0)) while nosocomial contacts were at lower risk (adjusted odds ratio 0.3 (95%CI 0.1-0.7)), compared to coworkers/friends. We identified 328 infector/infectee pairs, 49% of which were family members. The distribution of secondary cases was highly over-dispersed with 80% of secondary cases being caused by 10% of cases. The mean serial interval was 5.1 days (interquartile range 2-8 days) in contact-tracing pairs where late transmission events may be censored, and 6.8 (3-8) days in pairs investigated retrospectively. Conclusion: This study contributes to improving our knowledge of SARS-CoV-2 transmission, such as the importance of superspreading events. Contact-tracing data are challenging to collect but are key to better understand emerging pathogens.
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-11-19
    Publisher Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press
    Document type Article ; Online
    DOI 10.1101/2020.11.17.20232264
    Database COVID19

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  5. Article ; Online: Assessment of the French National Health Insurance Information System as a tool for epidemiological surveillance of malaria.

    Delon, François / Mayet, Aurélie / Thellier, Marc / Kendjo, Eric / Michel, Rémy / Ollivier, Lénaïck / Chatellier, Gilles / Desjeux, Guillaume

    Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA

    2016  Volume 24, Issue 3, Page(s) 588–595

    Abstract: Objective: Epidemiological surveillance of malaria in France is based on a hospital laboratory sentinel surveillance network. There is no comprehensive population surveillance. The objective of this study was to assess the ability of the French National ...

    Abstract Objective: Epidemiological surveillance of malaria in France is based on a hospital laboratory sentinel surveillance network. There is no comprehensive population surveillance. The objective of this study was to assess the ability of the French National Health Insurance Information System to support nationwide malaria surveillance in continental France.
    Materials and methods: A case identification algorithm was built in a 2-step process. First, inclusion rules giving priority to sensitivity were defined. Then, based on data description, exclusion rules to increase specificity were applied. To validate our results, we compared them to data from the French National Reference Center for Malaria on case counts, distribution within subgroups, and disease onset date trends.
    Results: We built a reusable automatized tool. From July 1, 2013, to June 30, 2014, we identified 4077 incident malaria cases that occurred in continental France. Our algorithm provided data for hospitalized patients, patients treated by private physicians, and outpatients for the entire population. Our results were similar to those of the National Reference Center for Malaria for each of the outcome criteria.
    Discussion: We provided a reliable algorithm for implementing epidemiological surveillance of malaria based on the French National Health Insurance Information System. Our method allowed us to work on the entire population living in continental France, including subpopulations poorly covered by existing surveillance methods.
    Conclusion: Traditional epidemiological surveillance and the approach presented in this paper are complementary, but a formal validation framework for case identification algorithms is necessary.
    MeSH term(s) Algorithms ; Antimalarials/therapeutic use ; Databases, Factual ; France/epidemiology ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Malaria/diagnosis ; Malaria/drug therapy ; Malaria/epidemiology ; National Health Programs ; Public Health Surveillance/methods
    Chemical Substances Antimalarials
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016-12-29
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1205156-1
    ISSN 1527-974X ; 1067-5027
    ISSN (online) 1527-974X
    ISSN 1067-5027
    DOI 10.1093/jamia/ocw164
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Lessons learned from the investigation of a COVID-19 cluster in Creil, France: effectiveness of targeting symptomatic cases and conducting contact tracing around them.

    de Laval, Franck / Grosset-Janin, Anaïs / Delon, François / Allonneau, Alexandre / Tong, Christelle / Letois, Flavie / Couderc, Anne / Sanchez, Marc-Antoine / Destanque, César / Biot, Fabrice / Raynaud, Françoise / Bigaillon, Christine / Ferraris, Olivier / Simon-Loriere, Etienne / Enouf, Vincent / Andriamanantena, Dinaherisoa / de Santi, Vincent Pommier / Javelle, Emilie / Mérens, Audrey

    BMC infectious diseases

    2021  Volume 21, Issue 1, Page(s) 457

    Abstract: Background: This study presents the methods and results of the investigation into a SARS-CoV-2 outbreak in a professional community. Due to the limited testing capacity available in France at the time, we elaborated a testing strategy according to pre- ... ...

    Abstract Background: This study presents the methods and results of the investigation into a SARS-CoV-2 outbreak in a professional community. Due to the limited testing capacity available in France at the time, we elaborated a testing strategy according to pre-test probability.
    Methods: The investigation design combined active case finding and contact tracing around each confirmed case with testing of at-risk contact persons who had any evocative symptoms (n = 88). One month later, we performed serology testing to test and screen symptomatic and asymptomatic cases again (n = 79).
    Results: Twenty-four patients were confirmed (14 with RT-PCR and 10 with serology). The attack rate was 29% (24/83). Median age was 40 (24 to 59), and the sex ratio was 15/12. Only three cases were asymptomatic (= no symptoms at all, 13%, 95% CI, 3-32). Nineteen symptomatic cases (79%, 95% CI, 63-95) presented a respiratory infection, two of which were severe. All the RT-PCR confirmed cases acquired protective antibodies. Median incubation was 4 days (from 1 to 13 days), and the median serial interval was 3 days (0 to 15). We identified pre-symptomatic transmission in 40% of this cluster, but no transmission from asymptomatic to symptomatic cases.
    Conclusion: We report the effective use of targeted testing according to pre-test probability, specifically prioritizing symptomatic COVID-19 diagnosis and contact tracing. The asymptomatic rate raises questions about the real role of asymptomatic infected people in transmission. Conversely, pre-symptomatic contamination occurred frequently in this cluster, highlighting the need to identify, test, and quarantine asymptomatic at-risk contact persons (= contact tracing). The local lockdown imposed helped reduce transmission during the investigation period.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; COVID-19/diagnosis ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; COVID-19/prevention & control ; COVID-19/virology ; COVID-19 Testing ; Contact Tracing ; Disease Outbreaks ; France/epidemiology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; RNA, Viral/analysis ; RNA, Viral/metabolism ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; SARS-CoV-2/genetics ; SARS-CoV-2/isolation & purification ; Young Adult
    Chemical Substances RNA, Viral
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-05-19
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2041550-3
    ISSN 1471-2334 ; 1471-2334
    ISSN (online) 1471-2334
    ISSN 1471-2334
    DOI 10.1186/s12879-021-06166-9
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Histamine food poisoning: a sudden, large outbreak linked to fresh yellowfin tuna from Reunion Island, France, April 2017.

    Velut, Guillaume / Delon, François / Mérigaud, Jean Paul / Tong, Christelle / Duflos, Guillaume / Boissan, François / Watier-Grillot, Stéphanie / Boni, Mickaël / Derkenne, Clement / Dia, Aissata / Texier, Gaëtan / Vest, Philippe / Meynard, Jean Baptiste / Fournier, Pierre Edouard / Chesnay, Aurélie / Pommier de Santi, Vincent

    Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin

    2019  Volume 24, Issue 22

    Abstract: On 20 April 2017, an outbreak of histamine food poisoning occurred in a French military unit located near Paris. A total of 40 cases were identified (attack rate: 16.6%). We conducted a case-control study on 31 cases and 63 controls. Multivariate ... ...

    Abstract On 20 April 2017, an outbreak of histamine food poisoning occurred in a French military unit located near Paris. A total of 40 cases were identified (attack rate: 16.6%). We conducted a case-control study on 31 cases and 63 controls. Multivariate analysis pointed to cooked yellowfin tuna fillet as the very likely source of food poisoning (odds ratio = 156.8; 95% confidence interval: 18.4-1,338.4). The fresh yellowfin tuna was from Reunion Island and was supplied vacuum-sealed and packed with ice at the principal food market of Paris. No cold chain issues could be established in the upstream and downstream supply chains. Histamine concentration was found to be 1,720 mg/kg in leftover raw tuna, and 3,720 mg/kg in control cooked tuna, well above the threshold limit values defined by European regulations (200 mg/kg). The presence of
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Adult ; Animals ; Case-Control Studies ; Disease Outbreaks ; Female ; Food Contamination ; Foodborne Diseases/blood ; Foodborne Diseases/diagnosis ; Foodborne Diseases/epidemiology ; France/epidemiology ; Histamine/blood ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Military Personnel ; Seafood/microbiology ; Seafood/poisoning ; Tuna/microbiology ; Young Adult
    Chemical Substances Histamine (820484N8I3)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-06-04
    Publishing country Sweden
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1338803-4
    ISSN 1560-7917 ; 1025-496X
    ISSN (online) 1560-7917
    ISSN 1025-496X
    DOI 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2019.24.22.1800405
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Gestion de la COVID-19 au sein d’une base aérienne militaire

    Allonneau, Alexandre / Couderc, Anne / Destanque, César / Delon, François / Sanchez, Marc Antoine / Grosset-Janin, Anaïs / Kock, Lionel / Biot, Fabrice / Bertrand, Magdeleine / Coste, Sébastien / de Laval, Franck

    La Presse Médicale Formation ; ISSN 2666-4798

    2020  

    Keywords covid19
    Language French
    Publisher Elsevier BV
    Publishing country us
    Document type Article ; Online
    DOI 10.1016/j.lpmfor.2020.09.013
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  9. Article ; Online: Panorama des pathologies infectieuses et non infectieuses de Guyane en 2022.

    Epelboin, Loïc / Abboud, Philippe / Abdelmoumen, Karim / About, Frédégonde / Adenis, Antoine / Blaise, Théo / Blaizot, Romain / Bonifay, Timothée / Bourne-Watrin, Morgane / Boutrou, Mathilde / Carles, Gabriel / Carlier, Pierre-Yves / Carod, Jean-François / Carvalho, Luisiane / Couppié, Pierre / De Toffol, Bertrand / Delon, François / Demar, Magalie / Destoop, Justin /
    Douine, Maylis / Droz, Jean-Pierre / Elenga, Narcisse / Enfissi, Antoine / Franck, Yves-Kénol / Fremery, Alexis / Gaillet, Mélanie / Kallel, Hatem / Kpangon, Arsène Amadouhé / Lavergne, Anne / Le Turnier, Paul / Maisonobe, Lucas / Michaud, Céline / Mutricy, Rémi / Nacher, Mathieu / Naldjinan-Kodbaye, Richard / Oberlis, Margot / Odonne, Guillaume / Osei, Lindsay / Pujo, Jean / Rabier, Sébastien / Roman-Laverdure, Brigitte / Rousseau, Cyril / Rousset, Dominique / Sabbah, Nadia / Sainte-Rose, Vincent / Schaub, Roxane / Sylla, Karamba / Tareau, Marc-Alexandre / Tertre, Victor / Thorey, Camille / Vialette, Véronique / Walter, Gaëlle / Zappa, Magaly / Djossou, Félix / Vignier, Nicolas

    Medecine tropicale et sante internationale

    2023  Volume 3, Issue 1

    Abstract: Source of many myths, French Guiana represents an exceptional territory due to the richness of its biodiversity and the variety of its communities. The only European territory in Amazonia, surrounded by the Brazilian giant and the little-known Suriname, ... ...

    Title translation Overview of infectious and non-infectious diseases in French Guiana in 2022.
    Abstract Source of many myths, French Guiana represents an exceptional territory due to the richness of its biodiversity and the variety of its communities. The only European territory in Amazonia, surrounded by the Brazilian giant and the little-known Suriname, Ariane 6 rockets are launched from Kourou while 50% of the population lives below the poverty line. This paradoxical situation is a source of health problems specific to this territory, whether they be infectious diseases with unknown germs, intoxications or chronic pathologies.Some infectious diseases such as Q fever, toxoplasmosis, cryptococcosis or HIV infection are in common with temperate countries, but present specificities leading to sometimes different management and medical reasoning. In addition to these pathologies, many tropical diseases are present in an endemic and / or epidemic mode such as malaria, leishmaniasis, Chagas disease, histoplasmosis or dengue. Besides, Amazonian dermatology is extremely varied, ranging from rare but serious pathologies (Buruli ulcer, leprosy) to others which are frequent and benign such as agouti lice (mites of the family Trombiculidae) or papillonitis. Envenomations by wild fauna are not rare, and deserve an appropriate management of the incriminated taxon. Obstetrical, cardiovascular and metabolic cosmopolitan pathologies sometimes take on a particular dimension in French Guiana that must be taken into account in the management of patients. Finally, different types of intoxication are to be known by practitioners, especially due to heavy metals.European-level resources offer diagnostic and therapeutic possibilities that do not exist in the surrounding countries and regions, thus allowing the management of diseases that are not well known elsewhere.Thanks to these same European-level resources, research in Guyana occupies a key place within the Amazon region, despite a smaller population than in the surrounding countries. Thus, certain pathologies such as histoplasmosis of the immunocompromised patient, Amazonian toxoplasmosis or Q fever are hardly described in neighboring countries, probably due to under-diagnosis linked to more limited resources. French Guiana plays a leading role in the study of these diseases.The objective of this overview is to guide health care providers coming to or practicing in French Guiana in their daily practice, but also practitioners taking care of people returning from French Guiana.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Humans ; Communicable Diseases ; Cuniculidae ; French Guiana/epidemiology ; Histoplasmosis ; HIV Infections ; Noncommunicable Diseases ; Q Fever ; Toxoplasmosis/diagnosis
    Language French
    Publishing date 2023-02-17
    Publishing country France
    Document type English Abstract ; Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ISSN 2778-2034
    ISSN (online) 2778-2034
    DOI 10.48327/mtsi.v3i1.2023.308
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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