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  1. Article ; Online: Comparative Evaluation of Animated Scatter Plot Transitions.

    Rodrigues, Nils / Dennig, Frederik L / Brandt, Vincent / Keim, Daniel A / Weiskopf, Daniel

    IEEE transactions on visualization and computer graphics

    2024  Volume PP

    Abstract: Scatter plots are popular for displaying 2D data, but in practice, many data sets have more than two dimensions. For the analysis of such multivariate data, it is often necessary to switch between scatter plots of different dimension pairs, e.g., in a ... ...

    Abstract Scatter plots are popular for displaying 2D data, but in practice, many data sets have more than two dimensions. For the analysis of such multivariate data, it is often necessary to switch between scatter plots of different dimension pairs, e.g., in a scatter plot matrix (SPLOM). Alternative approaches include a "grand tour" for an overview of the entire data set or creating artificial axes from dimensionality reduction (DR). A cross-cutting concern in all techniques is the ability of viewers to find correspondence between data points in different views. Previous work proposed animations to preserve the mental map between view changes and to trace points as well as clusters between scatter plots of the same underlying data set. In this paper, we evaluate a variety of spline- and rotation-based view transitions in a crowdsourced user study focusing on ecological validity. Using the study results, we assess each animation's suitability for tracing points and clusters across view changes. We evaluate whether the order of horizontal and vertical rotation is relevant for task accuracy. The results show that rotations with an orthographic camera or staged expansion of a depth axis significantly outperform all other animation techniques for the traceability of individual points. Further, we provide a ranking of the animated transition techniques for traceability of individual points. However, we could not find any significant differences for the traceability of clusters. Furthermore, we identified differences by animation direction that could guide further studies to determine potential confounds for these differences. We publish the study data for reuse and provide the animation framework as a D3.js plug-in.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-16
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 1941-0506
    ISSN (online) 1941-0506
    DOI 10.1109/TVCG.2024.3388558
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: FS/DS: A Theoretical Framework for the Dual Analysis of Feature Space and Data Space.

    Dennig, Frederik L / Miller, Matthias / Keim, Daniel A / El-Assady, Mennatallah

    IEEE transactions on visualization and computer graphics

    2023  Volume PP

    Abstract: With the surge of data-driven analysis techniques, there is a rising demand for enhancing the exploration of large high-dimensional data by enabling interactions for the joint analysis of features (i.e., dimensions). Such a dual analysis of the feature ... ...

    Abstract With the surge of data-driven analysis techniques, there is a rising demand for enhancing the exploration of large high-dimensional data by enabling interactions for the joint analysis of features (i.e., dimensions). Such a dual analysis of the feature space and data space is characterized by three components, (1) a view visualizing feature summaries, (2) a view that visualizes the data records, and (3) a bidirectional linking of both plots triggered by human interaction in one of both visualizations, e.g., Linking & Brushing. Dual analysis approaches span many domains, e.g., medicine, crime analysis, and biology. The proposed solutions encapsulate various techniques, such as feature selection or statistical analysis. However, each approach establishes a new definition of dual analysis. To address this gap, we systematically reviewed published dual analysis methods to investigate and formalize the key elements, such as the techniques used to visualize the feature space and data space, as well as the interaction between both spaces. From the information elicited during our review, we propose a unified theoretical framework for dual analysis, encompassing all existing approaches extending the field. We apply our proposed formalization describing the interactions between each component and relate them to the addressed tasks. Additionally, we categorize the existing approaches using our framework and derive future research directions to advance dual analysis by including state-of-the-art visual analysis techniques to improve data exploration.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-06-21
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 1941-0506
    ISSN (online) 1941-0506
    DOI 10.1109/TVCG.2023.3288356
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Book ; Online: Comparative Evaluation of Animated Scatter Plot Transitions

    Rodrigues, Nils / Dennig, Frederik L. / Brandt, Vincent / Keim, Daniel A. / Weiskopf, Daniel

    2024  

    Abstract: Scatter plots are popular for displaying 2D data, but in practice, many data sets have more than two dimensions. For the analysis of such multivariate data, it is often necessary to switch between scatter plots of different dimension pairs, e.g., in a ... ...

    Abstract Scatter plots are popular for displaying 2D data, but in practice, many data sets have more than two dimensions. For the analysis of such multivariate data, it is often necessary to switch between scatter plots of different dimension pairs, e.g., in a scatter plot matrix (SPLOM). Alternative approaches include a "grand tour" for an overview of the entire data set or creating artificial axes from dimensionality reduction (DR). A cross-cutting concern in all techniques is the ability of viewers to find correspondence between data points in different views. Previous work proposed animations to preserve the mental map between view changes and to trace points as well as clusters between scatter plots of the same underlying data set. In this paper, we evaluate a variety of spline- and rotation-based view transitions in a crowdsourced user study focusing on ecological validity. Using the study results, we assess each animation's suitability for tracing points and clusters across view changes. We evaluate whether the order of horizontal and vertical rotation is relevant for task accuracy. The results show that rotations with an orthographic camera or staged expansion of a depth axis significantly outperform all other animation techniques for the traceability of individual points. Further, we provide a ranking of the animated transition techniques for traceability of individual points. However, we could not find any significant differences for the traceability of clusters. Furthermore, we identified differences by animation direction that could guide further studies to determine potential confounds for these differences. We publish the study data for reuse and provide the animation framework as a D3.js plug-in.
    Keywords Computer Science - Human-Computer Interaction
    Subject code 004
    Publishing date 2024-01-09
    Publishing country us
    Document type Book ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  4. Book ; Online: VulnEx

    Dennig, Frederik L. / Cakmak, Eren / Plate, Henrik / Keim, Daniel A.

    Exploring Open-Source Software Vulnerabilities in Large Development Organizations to Understand Risk Exposure

    2021  

    Abstract: The prevalent usage of open-source software (OSS) has led to an increased interest in resolving potential third-party security risks by fixing common vulnerabilities and exposures (CVEs). However, even with automated code analysis tools in place, ... ...

    Abstract The prevalent usage of open-source software (OSS) has led to an increased interest in resolving potential third-party security risks by fixing common vulnerabilities and exposures (CVEs). However, even with automated code analysis tools in place, security analysts often lack the means to obtain an overview of vulnerable OSS reuse in large software organizations. In this design study, we propose VulnEx (Vulnerability Explorer), a tool to audit entire software development organizations. We introduce three complementary table-based representations to identify and assess vulnerability exposures due to OSS, which we designed in collaboration with security analysts. The presented tool allows examining problematic projects and applications (repositories), third-party libraries, and vulnerabilities across a software organization. We show the applicability of our tool through a use case and preliminary expert feedback.

    Comment: 5 pages, 3 figures, LaTeX; corrected typos and wording
    Keywords Computer Science - Software Engineering
    Subject code 005
    Publishing date 2021-08-13
    Publishing country us
    Document type Book ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  5. Book ; Online: Communication Analysis through Visual Analytics

    Fischer, Maximilian T. / Dennig, Frederik L. / Seebacher, Daniel / Keim, Daniel A. / El-Assady, Mennatallah

    Current Practices, Challenges, and New Frontiers

    2021  

    Abstract: The automated analysis of digital human communication data often focuses on specific aspects such as content or network structure in isolation. This can provide limited perspectives while making cross-methodological analyses, occurring in domains like ... ...

    Abstract The automated analysis of digital human communication data often focuses on specific aspects such as content or network structure in isolation. This can provide limited perspectives while making cross-methodological analyses, occurring in domains like investigative journalism, difficult. Communication research in psychology and the digital humanities instead stresses the importance of a holistic approach to overcome these limiting factors. In this work, we conduct an extensive survey on the properties of over forty semi-automated communication analysis systems and investigate how they cover concepts described in theoretical communication research. From these investigations, we derive a design space and contribute a conceptual framework based on communication research, technical considerations, and the surveyed approaches. The framework describes the systems' properties, capabilities, and composition through a wide range of criteria organized in the dimensions (1) Data, (2) Processing and Models, (3) Visual Interface, and (4) Knowledge Generation. These criteria enable a formalization of digital communication analysis through visual analytics, which, we argue, is uniquely suited for this task by tackling automation complexity while leveraging domain knowledge. With our framework, we identify shortcomings and research challenges, such as group communication dynamics, trust and privacy considerations, and holistic approaches. Simultaneously, our framework supports the evaluation of systems and promotes the mutual exchange between researchers through a structured common language, laying the foundations for future research on communication analysis.

    Comment: 11 pages, 2 tables, 1 figure
    Keywords Computer Science - Human-Computer Interaction
    Subject code 306
    Publishing date 2021-06-28
    Publishing country us
    Document type Book ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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