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Article ; Online: Dysplastic Pulmonary Valve Infective Endocarditis With an Atrial Septal Defect-A Black Swan Event: When Rarity Brings Clarity.

Desai, Heena M / Tapadia, Ritika / Amonkar, Gayathri P

The American journal of forensic medicine and pathology

2022 Volume 44, Issue 1, Page(s) e8–e9

Abstract: Abstract: A case of infective endocarditis of a dysplastic pulmonic valve along with atrial septal defect has been described. Right-sided endocarditis has now increased in frequency because of cardiac invasive procedures and intravenous drug abuse. ... ...

Abstract	Abstract: A case of infective endocarditis of a dysplastic pulmonic valve along with atrial septal defect has been described. Right-sided endocarditis has now increased in frequency because of cardiac invasive procedures and intravenous drug abuse. Although the tricuspid valve usually bears the brunt of right-sided endocarditis, there have now been increasing reports of pulmonary valve infective endocarditis.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Pulmonary Valve ; Endocarditis, Bacterial ; Endocarditis ; Tricuspid Valve ; Heart Defects, Congenital ; Heart Septal Defects, Atrial/complications
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-10-02
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Case Reports ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	604537-6
ISSN	1533-404X ; 0195-7910
ISSN (online)	1533-404X
ISSN	0195-7910
DOI	10.1097/PAF.0000000000000799
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Article: Pathology of pulmonary tuberculosis: has the tiger changed it's stripes?

Desai, Heena Maulek / Vaideeswar, Pradeep / Gaikwad, Manish / Amonkar, Gayathri Prashant

Autopsy & case reports

2022 Volume 12, Page(s) e2021370

Abstract: Background: India accounts for the highest number of TB cases globally (almost one-fifth of the global burden and almost two-thirds of the cases in South East Asia. Furthermore, the development of drug resistance of varying levels such as multi-drug ... ...

Abstract	Background: India accounts for the highest number of TB cases globally (almost one-fifth of the global burden and almost two-thirds of the cases in South East Asia. Furthermore, the development of drug resistance of varying levels such as multi-drug resistant TB (MDR-TB), extensively-drug resistance TB (XDR-TB) and total-drug resistant TB (TDR-TB) has been on the increase, and now India also features in the 27 high-MDRTB-burden countries. Almost parallel to these developments, in the last few years, we have been encountering less common morphological forms of pulmonary TB (PTB) at autopsies. With these less common manifestations of the disease, we undertook this study to examine the changing trends in the morphological pattern of pulmonary TB over the recent years. Methods: In this 3-year retrospective study, adult autopsy cases of PTB (that significantly contributed to the final cause of death) were studied in detail. HIV-positive cases were excluded from the study. The clinical details, gross appearances of the pulmonary lesions, microscopic pattern and Ziehl-Neelsen (ZN) staining were studied. Extrapulmonary involvement and causes of death were documented. Results: Pulmonary tuberculosis as a cause of death at autopsy was seen in 130 adult patients over 3 years. The age range was between 12 to 70 years. Anti-tuberculous therapy had been administered in 33 of them, but only one patient had taken complete therapy. Dyspnea was the commonest respiratory symptom seen in 51 cases (39.2%). Tuberculous bronchopneumonia was the commonest lesion (45.3%), miliary lesions (including localized miliary) accounted for 26% while fibrocavitary lesions (including the ones not involving apex) were seen in 13% cases. Other morphologies included nodular forms of TB (13%), localized miliary lesions (11.9%), and fibrocavitary lesions, not necessarily involving the apex (11.7% of all fibrocavitary cases), and predominant pleuritis with underlying lung involvement by TB in 1 case. Many cases of TB bronchopneumonia had a bronchocentric pattern of distribution (14.7%). On microscopy, caseating granulomas were seen in 93% cases, only caseation necrosis was seen in 4.6% cases, and necrotizing granulomas with abscess-like reaction in 11.5% cases. ZN staining was positive in 92 cases (70.7%). All the extrapulmonary lesions showed caseating granulomas histologically. The final cause of death was found to be primarily tuberculous in 106 cases (81.5%), whereas in 24 cases (19.5%) pulmonary TB was attributed to the secondary cause of death. Conclusion: The typical apical involvement of secondary TB was not seen in most of our cases. This could indicate a difference in the morphology and the pattern of lung involvement in recent years. The difference in gross morphology does not affect the pattern of involvement of the lung. In our study, we have observed both; a change in morphology, i.e., more cases of TB bronchopneumonia, and a change in the pattern of involvement like nodular forms, localized miliary forms, and fibrocavitary lesions not necessarily involving the apex. We postulate that this less common manifestation of pulmonary TB is closely related to the development of multi-drug and microbial resistance posing serious medical challenges.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-04-14
Publishing country	Brazil
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2815488-5
ISSN	2236-1960
ISSN	2236-1960
DOI	10.4322/acr.2021.370
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Article: Resurgence of diphtheria in Northern Gujarat: A retrospective study done in Banas Medical College and Research Centre, Palanpur, Gujarat.

Sharma, Neha / Desai, Heena R / Chaudhary, Anil / Shrivastava, Ajit K / Hasan, Anjum A

Journal of family medicine and primary care

2022 Volume 11, Issue 11, Page(s) 7163–7167

Abstract: Background: A diphtheria outbreak occurred in Banaskantha district in the northern part of Gujarat in 2019-2020. This study was undertaken to study and generate information on the resurgence of the disease in this region and to generate information ... ...

Abstract	Background: A diphtheria outbreak occurred in Banaskantha district in the northern part of Gujarat in 2019-2020. This study was undertaken to study and generate information on the resurgence of the disease in this region and to generate information regarding the status of vaccination in this region and what strategies can be adopted to avoid re-emergence of the disease in the future. Materials and methods: This is a hospital-based, retrospective, descriptive study done on patients of diphtheria who were admitted in Banas Medical College and Research Institute, Palanpur from September 2019 to January 2020. Throat swab was taken from all the patients and information regarding symptoms, vaccination, and demographic characteristic was collected. Treatment in the form of ADS, injection crystalline penicillin/erythromycin and other supportive treatment was given. Result: Out of 188 patients, 27 patients (14.36%) were less than 5 years of age, 118 patients (62.76%) and 38 patients (20.21%) were of age group 5-10 and 11-18 years, respectively. Total of five patients (2.66%) were of age more than 18 years. Out of 188 patients, 102 (54.25%) were males and 86 patients (45.74%) were females. All the patients (188) were found to be unvaccinated. Among 188 throat swabs that were tested, 21 samples (11.17%) were found to be culture positive for Conclusion: Diphtheria is a disease that can easily be prevented by vaccination. Our study highlights need to increase awareness about vaccination among people of Banaskatha district and all measures should be taken to give full vaccination to children less than 5 years of age and booster vaccination should be encouraged in adolescents and adults so that future resurgence of disease can be prevented.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-12-16
Publishing country	India
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2735275-4
ISSN	2278-7135 ; 2249-4863
ISSN (online)	2278-7135
ISSN	2249-4863
DOI	10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_960_22
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Article: In situ

Gundekari, Sreedhar / Desai, Heena / Ravi, Krishnan / Mitra, Joyee / Srinivasan, Kannan

Frontiers in chemistry

2020 Volume 8, Page(s) 525277

Abstract: A green process for the hydrogenation of sugars to sugar alcohols was designed in aqueous medium using hydrous ruthenium oxide (HRO) as a pre-catalyst supported on Na-β zeolite. Under optimized reaction conditions, sugars such as xylose, glucose, and ... ...

Abstract	A green process for the hydrogenation of sugars to sugar alcohols was designed in aqueous medium using hydrous ruthenium oxide (HRO) as a pre-catalyst supported on Na-β zeolite. Under optimized reaction conditions, sugars such as xylose, glucose, and mannose converted completely to the corresponding sugar alcohols xylitol, sorbitol, and mannitol with 100% selectivity. The pre-catalyst (HRO) is converted
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-11-25
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2711776-5
ISSN	2296-2646
ISSN	2296-2646
DOI	10.3389/fchem.2020.525277
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Article: [No title information]

Amonkar, Gayathri P / Desai, Heena M

The Indian journal of chest diseases & allied sciences

2016 Volume 58, Issue 1, Page(s) 37–38

Abstract: Miliary multi-focal bilateral pulmonary adenocarcinoma with lepidic predominant pattern is an unusual morphological presentation and is seen in females who are non-smokers. This gross morphology can be confused with infectious diseases, like tuberculosis, ...

Abstract	Miliary multi-focal bilateral pulmonary adenocarcinoma with lepidic predominant pattern is an unusual morphological presentation and is seen in females who are non-smokers. This gross morphology can be confused with infectious diseases, like tuberculosis, histoplasmosis or with pulmonary metastasis.
MeSH term(s)	Adenocarcinoma/pathology ; Aged ; Fatal Outcome ; Female ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms/pathology
Language	English
Publishing date	2016-01
Publishing country	India
Document type	Case Reports ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	416066-6
ISSN	0377-9343 ; 0019-5111
ISSN	0377-9343 ; 0019-5111
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Article ; Online: Choroid plexus carcinoma with hyaline globules: An unusual histological feature.

Shenoy, Asha Sharad / Desai, Heena Maulek

Indian journal of pathology & microbiology

2016 Volume 59, Issue 2, Page(s) 249–250

MeSH term(s)	Biomarkers, Tumor/analysis ; Brain Neoplasms/diagnosis ; Brain Neoplasms/pathology ; Carcinoma/diagnosis ; Carcinoma/pathology ; Child, Preschool ; Choroid Plexus Neoplasms/diagnosis ; Choroid Plexus Neoplasms/pathology ; Histocytochemistry ; Humans ; Hyalin ; Immunohistochemistry ; Keratins/analysis ; Male ; Microscopy ; SMARCB1 Protein/analysis ; Vimentin/analysis
Chemical Substances	Biomarkers, Tumor ; SMARCB1 Protein ; SMARCB1 protein, human ; Vimentin ; Keratins (68238-35-7)
Language	English
Publishing date	2016-04
Publishing country	India
Document type	Case Reports ; Letter
ZDB-ID	197621-7
ISSN	0974-5130 ; 0377-4929
ISSN (online)	0974-5130
ISSN	0377-4929
DOI	10.4103/0377-4929.182042
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Article: Acute respiratory distress syndrome: A study of autopsy findings.

Saha, Anurag / Amonkar, Gayathri P / Desai, Heena / Baro, Bhanita / Agrawal, Ruchi

Lung India : official organ of Indian Chest Society

2021 Volume 38, Issue 5, Page(s) 442–447

Abstract: Context: In this autopsy study, the various morphological patterns of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) have been analyzed and compared along with their etiopathogenesis.: Aims: We aimed to study the prevalence and clinicopathological ... ...

Abstract	Context: In this autopsy study, the various morphological patterns of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) have been analyzed and compared along with their etiopathogenesis. Aims: We aimed to study the prevalence and clinicopathological correlation of ARDS based on age, gender, hospital stay, symptoms, clinical diagnosis, gross, and microscopy findings. Subjects and methods: Total 130 cases of ARDS were studied over a period of 5 years. Age, gender, hospital stay duration, symptoms, clinical diagnosis, gross and microscopic lung finding, clinicopathological correlation, and cause of death were documented and analyzed. Special stains were done whenever required. Statistical analysis: This is an observational study, and simple statistics such as mean, median, and standard deviation have been used for continuous variables. Results: The prevalence of ARDS among the adult autopsy was 6.05%. Majority of the cases were in the age group of 18-30 years (36.9%), with a male: female ratio of 1.7:1. Chief complaints were fever (71%), breathlessness (54.6%), and chills (43.8%). The main clinical diagnoses were ARDS (41.6%), sepsis (28.3%), acute febrile illness (17%), and lower respiratory tract infection (12.5%). Most of the patients had a hospital stay of <1 day. Associated conditions mostly included chronic alcoholism (16.1%), pregnancy (16.1%), and chronic smoking (10.7%). Major findings on gross examination were intrapulmonary hemorrhage (38.5%), ARDS (33%), pulmonary edema (13%), and pneumonia (15.3%).On microscopy, major findings were hyaline membrane (84.6%), intrapulmonary hemorrhage (76.1%), pulmonary edema (75.3%), organizing fibrin (55.3%), and bronchopneumonia (36.2%). Conclusion: Infections were one of the major predisposing causes of ARDS. Due to the short interval, the underlying cause for ARDS often goes undiagnosed.
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-09-02
Publishing country	India
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2410801-7
ISSN	0974-598X ; 0970-2113
ISSN (online)	0974-598X
ISSN	0970-2113
DOI	10.4103/lungindia.lungindia_198_20
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Article: Cerebrospinal Fluid - A Clinicopathologic Analysis.

Shenoy, Asha / Desai, Heena / Mandvekar, Aparna

The Journal of the Association of Physicians of India

2018 Volume 65, Issue 12, Page(s) 40–43

Abstract: Context and objective: This study aims to emphasize the importance of an appropriate CSF examination in patients of suspected CNS disease and the necessity of correlating it with the clinico-radiologic findings which will help in early diagnosis of CNS ... ...

Abstract	Context and objective: This study aims to emphasize the importance of an appropriate CSF examination in patients of suspected CNS disease and the necessity of correlating it with the clinico-radiologic findings which will help in early diagnosis of CNS diseases and guide the further management of the disease. Design: In this 2 year study, 215 CSF samples from patients with clinically suspected diseases of the CNS were studied. The CSF samples were analyzed for gross examination, protein, sugar, adenosine deaminase (ADA) levels, microscopic examination and microbiologic examination. Culture was performed an all cases. A cytospin examination was done where malignancy (primary/metastasis) was suspected. Results: Of the 215 samples analyzed, 97(45.1%) were found to have abnormal CSF findings. The maximum number of abnormal CSF samples were seen in the adolescents and adults (56.7%) age group. Very high protein levels were seen with bacterial, tuberculous and parasitic meningitis whereas fungal and viral meningitis showed moderate elevation of proteins. CSF ADA levels were raised in cases of tuberculous meningitis with mean value of 20.9 IU/L whereas all other types of meningitis showed normal level of ADA. A total of 3 cases of IVH and 2 cases of demyelinating disease were found in our study. Malignant cells were detected in two cases. Conclusion: Thus, a study of CSF is vital as it provides an invaluable diagnostic window to the central nervous system atmosphere. A timely and appropriate analysis of CSF can help the clinician to direct the line of treatment and enhance patient care as well as reduce morbidity and mortality.
MeSH term(s)	Adenosine Deaminase/analysis ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Cerebrospinal Fluid/chemistry ; Demyelinating Diseases ; Humans ; Meningitis/cerebrospinal fluid ; Meningitis/diagnosis ; Microscopy ; Tuberculosis, Meningeal/cerebrospinal fluid ; Tuberculosis, Meningeal/diagnosis
Chemical Substances	Adenosine Deaminase (EC 3.5.4.4)
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-01-12
Publishing country	India
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	800766-4
ISSN	0004-5772
ISSN	0004-5772
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Article ; Online: Idiopathic mitral valve prolapse with tricuspid, aortic and pulmonary valve involvement: an autopsy case report.

Desai, Heena M / Amonkar, Gayathri P

Indian journal of pathology & microbiology

2015 Volume 58, Issue 2, Page(s) 217–219

Abstract: Mitral valve prolapse (MVP) is usually asymptomatic, but can be associated with complications such as infective endocarditis, mitral regurgitation, thromboembolism and sudden cardiac death. It has been very rarely reported to occur in association with ... ...

Abstract	Mitral valve prolapse (MVP) is usually asymptomatic, but can be associated with complications such as infective endocarditis, mitral regurgitation, thromboembolism and sudden cardiac death. It has been very rarely reported to occur in association with other valvular involvement. A 55-year-old male patient was brought dead and at autopsy the mitral valve orifice was stenotic and the leaflets were enlarged, myxoid and bulging suggestive of MVP and chordae tendinae were thickened, stretched and elongated. Similar changes were seen in the tricuspid valve. The pulmonary and aortic valves also showed myxomatous degeneration of their cusps. Myxomatous degeneration is the most common cause of MVP and it can be associated with involvement of the other valves. Concomitant involvement of the aortic valve has been reported, however it is very rare and simultaneous involvement of the pulmonary valve has not been reported in the literature so far. We report a case of MVP associated with myxomatous degeneration of the tricuspid, pulmonary and aortic valves.
MeSH term(s)	Aortic Valve/pathology ; Autopsy ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mitral Valve/pathology ; Mitral Valve Prolapse/complications ; Mitral Valve Prolapse/diagnosis ; Mitral Valve Prolapse/pathology ; Pulmonary Valve/pathology ; Tricuspid Valve/pathology
Language	English
Publishing date	2015-04
Publishing country	India
Document type	Case Reports ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	197621-7
ISSN	0974-5130 ; 0377-4929
ISSN (online)	0974-5130
ISSN	0377-4929
DOI	10.4103/0377-4929.155319
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Article: Contained cardiac rupture: an autopsy case.

Desai, Heena M / Amonkar, Gayathri P

The Indian journal of chest diseases & allied sciences

2013 Volume 55, Issue 3, Page(s) 163–165

Abstract: Rupture of the myocardium due to myocardial infarction is often fatal but when such patients survive, they present with a pseudoaneurysm where the defect is sealed by the pericardium preventing the complete rupture. This is described as a 'contained ... ...

Abstract	Rupture of the myocardium due to myocardial infarction is often fatal but when such patients survive, they present with a pseudoaneurysm where the defect is sealed by the pericardium preventing the complete rupture. This is described as a 'contained myocardial rupture'. We describe here a case of left ventricular contained myocardial rupture following an acute myocardial infarction.
MeSH term(s)	Autopsy ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Fatal Outcome ; Female ; Heart Rupture, Post-Infarction/diagnosis ; Heart Ventricles/pathology ; Humans ; Middle Aged
Language	English
Publishing date	2013-07
Publishing country	India
Document type	Case Reports ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	416066-6
ISSN	0377-9343 ; 0019-5111
ISSN	0377-9343 ; 0019-5111
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