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  1. Article ; Online: Urinary immunoglobulins in viral diagnosis

    Sreelekshmy Mohandas / Sudeep Balan / Devendra T Mourya

    Indian Journal of Medical Research, Vol 155, Iss 1, Pp 11-

    An overview

    2022  Volume 21

    Abstract: Antibody detection by serological methods gained a lot of interest in recent years and has become the backbone of virological diagnosis. Despite the detection of all five classes of immunoglobulins in urine, not much attention has been paid to the use of ...

    Abstract Antibody detection by serological methods gained a lot of interest in recent years and has become the backbone of virological diagnosis. Despite the detection of all five classes of immunoglobulins in urine, not much attention has been paid to the use of urine as a diagnostic sample to detect viral antibodies. Unlike venipuncture, this non-invasive mode of sample collection can help cover all age groups, especially paediatric and old age patients, where blood collection is difficult. Using urine as a sample is also economical and involves lesser risk in sample collection. The antibodies are found to be stable in urine at room temperature for a prolonged period, which makes the sample transport management easier as well. A few recent studies, have also shown that the detection limit of antibodies in urine is at par with serum or other clinical material. So, the ease in sample collection, availability of samples in large quantity and stability of immunoglobulins in urine for prolonged periods can make urine an ideal sample for viral diagnosis.
    Keywords antibody detection - diagnostics - immunoglobulins - urine - viral diseases ; Medicine ; R
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  2. Article ; Online: Experiences of Indian Council of Medical Research with tick-borne zoonotic infections

    Devendra T Mourya / Pragya D Yadav / Deepak Y Patil / Rima R Sahay / Manju Rahi

    Indian Journal of Medical Research, Vol 153, Iss 3, Pp 339-

    Kyasanur Forest disease & Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever in India with One Health focus

    2021  Volume 347

    Abstract: Emergence and re-emergence of several pathogens have been witnessed by this century in the form of outbreaks, epidemics and pandemics. In India, the influencing factor that promotes dissemination of emerging and re-emerging viral infections is the ... ...

    Abstract Emergence and re-emergence of several pathogens have been witnessed by this century in the form of outbreaks, epidemics and pandemics. In India, the influencing factor that promotes dissemination of emerging and re-emerging viral infections is the biogeographical zones: a megadiverse country, characterized by varied geographical, climatic conditions and ever-changing socio-economical and geopolitical issues. These influence the movement of humans and animals and add layers of complexity for the identification and timely management of infectious diseases. This review focuses on two tick-borne infections: Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever (CCHF) and Kyasanur forest disease (KFD). In the last two decades, these viruses have emerged and caused outbreaks in different parts of India. KFD virus was initially identified in 1957 and was known to be endemic in Karnataka State while CCHF virus was first identified during 2010 in Gujarat State, India. These viruses have managed to emerge in new areas within the last decade. With changing epidemiology of these arboviruses, there is a probability of the emergence of these viruses from new areas in future. The investigations on these two diseases under the One Health focus involved early detection, quickly developing diagnostic tools, identifying stakeholders, capacity building by developing collaboration with major stakeholders to understand the epidemiology and geographical spread in domestic animal reservoirs and tick vectors in the affected areas, developing laboratory network, providing diagnostic reagents and biosafety and laboratory diagnosis training to the network laboratories to control these diseases.
    Keywords crimean-congo haemorrhagic fever - india - kyasanur forest disease - one heath - tick-borne - zoonotic disease ; Medicine ; R
    Subject code 950
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  3. Article ; Online: Detection of Kyasanur forest disease in newer areas of Sindhudurg district of Maharashtra State

    Pragya D Yadav / Rima R Sahay / Devendra T Mourya

    Indian Journal of Medical Research, Vol 148, Iss 4, Pp 453-

    2018  Volume 455

    Keywords Medicine ; R
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  4. Article ; Online: Detection of possible Nipah virus infection in Rousettus leschenaultii and Pipistrellus Pipistrellus bats in Maharashtra, India

    Mangesh .D. Gokhale / Mohandas Sreelekshmy / Anakkatil B. Sudeep / Anita Shete / Rajlaxmi Jain / Pragya D. Yadav / Basavraj Mathapati / Devendra T. Mourya

    Journal of Infection and Public Health, Vol 14, Iss 8, Pp 1010-

    2021  Volume 1012

    Keywords Infectious and parasitic diseases ; RC109-216 ; Public aspects of medicine ; RA1-1270
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-08-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Elsevier
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  5. Article ; Online: Proactive preparedness for Cat Que virus

    Anita Shete / Pragya D Yadav / Mangesh Gokhale / Rajlaxmi Jain / Prachi Pardeshi / Triparna Majumdar / Devendra T Mourya

    Indian Journal of Medical Research, Vol 151, Iss 6, Pp 571-

    An Orthobunyavirus existing in India

    2020  Volume 577

    Abstract: Background & objectives: The presence of Cat Que virus (CQV) in Culex mosquitoes and pigs has been reported in China and Vietnam. Due to the spread of similar species of the Culex mosquitoes in India, there is a need to understand the replication ... ...

    Abstract Background & objectives: The presence of Cat Que virus (CQV) in Culex mosquitoes and pigs has been reported in China and Vietnam. Due to the spread of similar species of the Culex mosquitoes in India, there is a need to understand the replication kinetics of this virus in mosquito models. As a part of preparedness and to identify the presence of this CQV in humans and swine, this study was carried out to develop diagnostic tests. Methods: Serological and molecular diagnostic assays were developed for testing the mosquito population, human and swine serum samples. In this line, RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (L), glycoprotein (M) and nucleocapsid (S) genes-based reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assays were developed for CQV. Real-time RT-PCR was used for screening of retrospectively collected human serum samples (n=1020) with acute febrile illness during 2014-2017. Simultaneously, an in-house anti-CQV swine and human IgG ELISAs were also developed to detect anti-CQV IgG antibody. Human serum samples (n=883) with post-onset of disease (POD) >4 days and swine serum samples (n=459) were tested for the presence of anti-CQV IgG antibodies. CQV NIV 612,045 isolate was used for susceptibility and replication kinetics experiment using three different species of mosquitoes to understand its behaviour in Indian mosquitoes. Results: All human serum samples (n=1020) screened for the presence of CQV using real-time RT-PCR were found to be negative. Anti-CQV IgG antibody positivity was recorded in two of 883 human serum samples tested. Virus susceptibility experiments indicated that three species of mosquito, namely Aedes aegypti, Culex quinquefasciatus and Cx. tritaeniorhynchus supported multiplication of CQV by intrathoracic as well as artificial membrane/oral feeding routes. Interpretation & conclusions: Anti-CQV IgG antibody positivity in human serum samples tested and the replication capability of CQV in mosquitoes indicated a possible disease causing potential of CQV in Indian scenario. ...
    Keywords anti-cqv igg - cat que virus - elisa - mosquito - real-time rt-pcr ; Medicine ; R
    Subject code 630
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  6. Article ; Online: Biorisk assessment for infrastructure & biosafety requirements for the laboratories providing coronavirus SARS-CoV-2/(COVID-19) diagnosis

    Devendra T Mourya / Gajanan Sapkal / Pragya D Yadav / Sujeet Kumar M Belani / Anita Shete / Nivedita Gupta

    Indian Journal of Medical Research, Vol 151, Iss 2, Pp 172-

    2020  Volume 176

    Abstract: Novel coronavirus infection [coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)] has spread to more than 203 countries of various regions including Africa, America, Europe, South East Asia and Western Pacific. The WHO had declared COVID-19 as the global public health ... ...

    Abstract Novel coronavirus infection [coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)] has spread to more than 203 countries of various regions including Africa, America, Europe, South East Asia and Western Pacific. The WHO had declared COVID-19 as the global public health emergency and subsequently as pandemic because of its worldwide spread. It is now one of the top-priority pathogens to be dealt with, because of high transmissibility, severe illness and associated mortality, wide geographical spread, lack of control measures with knowledge gaps in veterinary and human epidemiology, immunity and pathogenesis. The quick detection of cases and isolating them has become critical to contain it. To meet the increasing demand of the diagnostic services, it is necessary to enhance and expand laboratory capabilities since existing laboratories cannot meet the emerging demand. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a BSL-2 (Biosafety Level 2) agent and needs to be handled in biosafety cabinet using standard precautions. This review highlights minimum requirements for the diagnostic laboratories opting testing of material for the diagnosis of COVID-19 and associated biorisk to the individuals and to the community.
    Keywords biorisk - biosafety - diagnosis - infrastructure - laboratories - novel coronavirus ; Medicine ; R ; covid19
    Subject code 306
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  7. Article ; Online: Clinical & epidemiological significance of Kyasanur forest disease

    Ashok Munivenkatappa / Rima Rakesh Sahay / Pragya D Yadav / Rajalakshmi Viswanathan / Devendra T Mourya

    Indian Journal of Medical Research, Vol 148, Iss 2, Pp 145-

    2018  Volume 150

    Abstract: Kyasanur forest disease (KFD) is a known viral haemorrhagic fever in India, for the last 60 years. However, in recent years, the change in epidemiological profile of the disease has suggested that it is now time to consider KFD as an emerging tropical ... ...

    Abstract Kyasanur forest disease (KFD) is a known viral haemorrhagic fever in India, for the last 60 years. However, in recent years, the change in epidemiological profile of the disease has suggested that it is now time to consider KFD as an emerging tropical disease in India. The preference should be to educate not only the villagers where it is being reported or detected but also to public health experts, veterinarians, forest officials and medical professionals to pay attention while seeing a patient overlapping with endemic diseases such as Japanese encephalitis, West Nile, dengue, chikungunya, malaria and tuberculosis. Although the existence of KFD is known for a long time, updated understanding of its clinical profile in humans is still limited. This article describes in detail the clinical presentation of KFD reported till date. It also highlights geographical distribution of the disease, risk factors for virus transmission, biochemical/haematological findings and control measures. There is an urgent need for research on KFD, particularly for understanding biphasic nature of illness, development of cost-effective diagnostic tools, utility of non-invasive samples for diagnosis and development of new vaccines.
    Keywords Arbovirus - biphasic - haemorrhagic fever - Kyasanur forest disease - vaccine ; Medicine ; R
    Subject code 610
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  8. Article ; Online: Bioinformatics characterization of envelope glycoprotein from Kyasanur Forest disease virus

    Pratip Shil / Pragya Dhruv Yadav / Avinash A Patil / R Balasubramanian / Devendra T Mourya

    Indian Journal of Medical Research, Vol 147, Iss 2, Pp 195-

    2018  Volume 201

    Abstract: Background & objectives: Kyasanur Forest disease (KFD) is a febrile illness characterized by haemorrhages and caused by KFD virus (KFDV), which belongs to the Flaviviridae family. It is reported to be an endemic disease in Shimoga district of Karnataka ... ...

    Abstract Background & objectives: Kyasanur Forest disease (KFD) is a febrile illness characterized by haemorrhages and caused by KFD virus (KFDV), which belongs to the Flaviviridae family. It is reported to be an endemic disease in Shimoga district of Karnataka State, India, especially in forested and adjoining areas. Several outbreaks have been reported in newer areas, which raised queries regarding the changing nature of structural proteins if any. The objective of the study was to investigate amino acid composition and antigenic variability if any, among the envelope glycoprotein (E-proteins) from old and new strains of KFDV. Methods: Bioinformatic tools and techniques were used to predict B-cell epitopes and three-dimensional structures and to compare envelope glycoprotein (E-proteins) between the old strains of KFDV and those from emerging outbreaks till 2015. Results: The strain from recent outbreak in Thirthahalli, Karnataka State (2014), was similar to the older strain of KFDV (99.2%). Although mutations existed in strains from 2015 in Kerala KFD sequences, these did not alter the epitopes. Interpretation & conclusions: The study revealed that though mutations existed, there were no drastic changes in the structure or antigenicity of the E-proteins from recent outbreaks. Hence, no correlation could be established between the mutations and detection in new geographical areas. It seems that KFDV must be present earlier also in many States and due to availability of testing system and alertness coming into notice now.
    Keywords B-cell epitopes - ELISA - envelope glycoprotein - Kyasanur Forest disease - phylogenetic analyses - virus ; Medicine ; R
    Subject code 500
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  9. Article: Bacterial diversity indicates dietary overlap among bats of different feeding habits

    Banskar, Sunil / Devendra T. Mourya / Yogesh S. Shouche

    Microbiological research. 2016 Jan., v. 182

    2016  

    Abstract: Bats are among the most conspicuous mammals with extraordinary adaptations. They play a key role in the ecosystem. Frugivorous bats are important seed dispersing agents that help in maintaining forest tree diversity, while insectivorous bats are natural ... ...

    Abstract Bats are among the most conspicuous mammals with extraordinary adaptations. They play a key role in the ecosystem. Frugivorous bats are important seed dispersing agents that help in maintaining forest tree diversity, while insectivorous bats are natural insect pest control agents. Several previous reports suggest that bats are reservoir of viruses; nonetheless their bacterial counterparts are relatively less explored. The present study describes the microbial diversity associated with the intestine of bats from different regions of India. Our observations stipulate that there is substantial sharing of bacterial communities between the insectivorous and frugivorous bats, which signifies fairly large dietary overlap. We also observed the presence of higher abundance of Mycoplasma in Cynopterus species of bats, indicating possible Mycoplasma infection. Considering the scarcity of literature related to microbial communities of bat intestinal tract, this study can direct future microbial diversity studies in bats with reference to their dietary habits, host-bacteria interaction and zoonosis.
    Keywords bacterial communities ; Cynopterus ; eating habits ; ecosystems ; forest trees ; frugivores ; host-pathogen relationships ; insect pests ; insectivores ; intestines ; mammals ; Mycoplasma ; pesticides ; viruses ; zoonoses ; India
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2016-01
    Size p. 99-108.
    Publishing place Elsevier GmbH
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 1189614-0
    ISSN 1618-0623 ; 0944-5013
    ISSN (online) 1618-0623
    ISSN 0944-5013
    DOI 10.1016/j.micres.2015.10.006
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  10. Article ; Online: Difference in vector ticks dropping rhythm governs the epidemiology of Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever & Kyasanur forest disease in India

    Devendra T Mourya / Gajanan N Sapkal / Pragya D Yadav

    Indian Journal of Medical Research, Vol 144, Iss 4, Pp 633-

    2016  Volume 635

    Keywords Medicine ; R ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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