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Article ; Online: Introduction to LASI-DAD: The Longitudinal Aging Study in India-Diagnostic Assessment of Dementia.

Lee, Jinkook / Dey, Aparajit B

Journal of the American Geriatrics Society

2020 Volume 68 Suppl 3, Page(s) S3–S4

MeSH term(s)	Aged ; Aging/physiology ; Dementia/blood ; Dementia/diagnosis ; Dementia/epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; India/epidemiology ; Interviews as Topic ; Longitudinal Studies ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neuropsychological Tests ; Prospective Studies ; Research Design
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-08-20
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Editorial ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	80363-7
ISSN	1532-5415 ; 0002-8614
ISSN (online)	1532-5415
ISSN	0002-8614
DOI	10.1111/jgs.16740
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Article: Trajectories and correlates of poor mental health in India over the course of the COVID-19 pandemic: a nationwide survey.

Nichols, Emma / Petrosyan, Sarah / Khobragade, Pranali / Banerjee, Joyita / Angrisani, Marco / Dey, Sharmistha / Bloom, David E / Schaner, Simone / Dey, Aparajit B / Lee, Jinkook

BMJ global health

2024 Volume 9, Issue 1

Abstract: Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic had large impacts on mental health; however, most existing evidence is focused on the initial lockdown period and high-income contexts. By assessing trajectories of mental health symptoms in India over 2 years, we aim ...

Abstract	Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic had large impacts on mental health; however, most existing evidence is focused on the initial lockdown period and high-income contexts. By assessing trajectories of mental health symptoms in India over 2 years, we aim to understand the effect of later time periods and pandemic characteristics on mental health in a lower-middle income context. Methods: We used data from the Real-Time Insights of COVID-19 in India cohort study (N=3709). We used covariate-adjusted linear regression models with generalised estimating equations to assess associations between mental health (Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-4) score; range 0-12) and pandemic periods as well as pandemic characteristics (COVID-19 cases and deaths, government stringency, self-reported financial impact, COVID-19 infection in the household) and explored effect modification by age, gender and rural/urban residence. Results: Mental health symptoms dropped immediately following the lockdown period but rose again during the delta and omicron waves. Associations between mental health and later pandemic stages were stronger for adults 45 years of age and older (p<0.001). PHQ-4 scores were significantly associated with all pandemic characteristics considered, including estimated COVID-19 deaths (PHQ-4 difference of 0.10 units; 95% CI 0.06 to 0.13), government stringency index (0.14 units; 95% CI 0.11 to 0.18), self-reported major financial impacts (1.20 units; 95% CI 1.09 to 1.32) and COVID-19 infection in the household (0.36 units; 95% CI 0.23 to 0.50). Conclusion: While the lockdown period and associated financial stress had the largest mental health impacts on Indian adults, the effects of the pandemic on mental health persisted over time, especially among middle-aged and older adults. Results highlight the importance of investments in mental health supports and services to address the consequences of cyclical waves of infections and disease burden due to COVID-19 or other emerging pandemics.
MeSH term(s)	Middle Aged ; Humans ; Aged ; Mental Health ; Pandemics ; Cohort Studies ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; Communicable Disease Control ; India/epidemiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-29
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2059-7908
ISSN	2059-7908
DOI	10.1136/bmjgh-2023-013365
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Article: Review of health-care services for older population in India and possibility of incorporating AYUSH in public health system for geriatric care.

Mundada, Pallavi Suresh / Sharma, Sakshi / Gupta, Bharti / Padhi, M M / Dey, Aparajit B / Dhiman, K S

Ayu

2021 Volume 41, Issue 1, Page(s) 3–11

Abstract: Background: In a developing country like India, which has 10.11% population of >60 years age and a projection of rise of the same by 300% in 2050, health care of elderly is an enormous challenge. The developed world has evolved many models for elderly ... ...

Abstract	Background: In a developing country like India, which has 10.11% population of >60 years age and a projection of rise of the same by 300% in 2050, health care of elderly is an enormous challenge. The developed world has evolved many models for elderly care, for example, nursing home care, health insurance, etc. Indian Government has also taken multiple measures in this direction by initiating National Policy on Older Persons, 1999, the Maintenance and Welfare of Parents and Senior Citizens Act, 2007, the Old Age Pension Scheme, Rashtriya Vayoshri Yojana 2017, etc. However, there is a necessity that, India must rapidly adapt to the complex health related, social and economic challenges caused by these demographic changes. This may be an opportunity for innovation in the health system by developing a perspective for healthy and active aging, though it is a major challenge. Health care of the older people cannot be achieved unless total health, i.e., physical, social, economic, psychological, and spiritual aspects are addressed. Objective: The objective is to study current policies regarding geriatric health care in India and to propose the possibility to develop a model to provide comprehensive and dedicated health-care services to the older population by integrating conventional and indigenous systems of medicine dwelling in the country. Materials and methods: Electronic search in various scientific journals for research and review articles; electronic along with hand searching of conference proceedings, brochures, government policy documents, press releases, Ayurveda classical texts, etc., regarding geriatric health care in India and model health-care facilities in other countries and regarding of AYUSH systems in geriatric health care in India. Results: There is an urgent need of adaptation and modification in the National Health System to cater the actual requirements of the elderly with plans and strategies dedicated to face their health-related challenges. Adoption of inclusive health-care interventions, can improve health outcomes by making it more acceptable, accessible, and affordable. Conclusion: Integration of AYUSH at various levels of health-care delivery system can potentially contribute to provide unique newer dimensions to the field of geriatric care in India.
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-07-30
Publishing country	India
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	0974-8520
ISSN	0974-8520
DOI	10.4103/ayu.AYU_172_16
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Article: Molecular characterization of Clostridioides difficile by multi-locus sequence typing (MLST): A study from tertiary care center in India

Chaudhry, Rama / Sharma, Nidhi / Bahadur, Tej / Khullar, Swati / Agarwal, Sonu Kumari / Gahlowt, Abhipray / Gupta, Nitin / Kumar, Lalit / Kabra, Sushil Kumar / Dey, Aparajit B.

Anaerobe. 2022 Mar. 04,

2022

Abstract: Clostridioides difficile is an important pathogen responsible for antibiotic-associated diarrhoea (AAD). This study was aimed to perform multi-locus sequence typing (MLST) of C. difficile isolates from AAD cases and to understand the clonal relationship ... ...

Abstract	Clostridioides difficile is an important pathogen responsible for antibiotic-associated diarrhoea (AAD). This study was aimed to perform multi-locus sequence typing (MLST) of C. difficile isolates from AAD cases and to understand the clonal relationship between these C. difficile strains. Thirty five strains and a standard strain C.difficile ATCC 9689 were characterized by polymerase chain reaction assay (PCR) for toxin genes (tcdA and tcdB gene) detection and MLST. MLST results revealed that the most common sequence types were ST-17, ST-54, ST-63. The cluster analysis revealed that strains isolated from AAD patients generated 12 MLST sequence types grouped into two distinct evolutionary lineages. ST 17 is most prominent sequence type. This is the first report of MLST based study of C. difficile from India. Further studies from diverse geographical regions can help better understand the epidemiology of CDI in India.
Keywords	Clostridium difficile ; cluster analysis ; diarrhea ; epidemiology ; genes ; multilocus sequence typing ; pathogens ; polymerase chain reaction ; toxins ; India
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-0304
Publishing place	Elsevier Ltd
Document type	Article
Note	Pre-press version
ZDB-ID	1237621-8
ISSN	1075-9964
ISSN	1075-9964
DOI	10.1016/j.anaerobe.2022.102545
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Development and Psychometric Validation of a New Scale for Assessment and Screening of Frailty Among Older Indians.

De, Karishma / Banerjee, Joyita / Rajan, Sreerag P / Chatterjee, Prasun / Chakrawarty, Avinash / Khan, Maroof A / Singh, Vishwajeet / Dey, Aparajit B

Clinical interventions in aging

2021 Volume 16, Page(s) 537–547

Abstract: Background: Frailty is a major challenge for healthcare systems in ageing societies. This dynamic state of health is a reflection of reduced reserve in various organ systems and enhanced vulnerability to stressors. Research in this area of geriatrics ... ...

Abstract	Background: Frailty is a major challenge for healthcare systems in ageing societies. This dynamic state of health is a reflection of reduced reserve in various organ systems and enhanced vulnerability to stressors. Research in this area of geriatrics and gerontology is limited in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) like India. This study is directed at development of a culturally appropriate and validated assessment scale for frailty among older Indians. Methods: After extensive review of the literature on existing scales, a preliminary draft scale was formed. This draft was pre- and pilot-tested to check feasibility and modified accordingly. The final scale was validated on 107 older adults by confirmatory factor analysis and was named the Frailty Assessment and Screening Tool (FAST). The Fried's frailty phenotype was also administered on the same 107 older adults and scores of both were co-related. Suitable cut-off scores were found for frail and pre-frail older adults. Results: The final version of the FAST consisted of 14 questions pertaining to 10 domains. It has good reliability. Cronbach's alpha co-efficient was 0.99; test-retest reliability was 0.97 and validity by confirmatory factor analysis was adequate. The Kaiser-CMeyer-Olkin (KMO) of sampling adequacy was 0.699, and Bartlett's test of sphericity was significant ( Conclusion: The FAST is a validated tool with good psychometric properties. It is expected that it will be helpful in screening pre-frail and frail older adults in India and other LMICs and guide in clinical decision making for intervention.
MeSH term(s)	Activities of Daily Living ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Factor Analysis, Statistical ; Female ; Frail Elderly/statistics & numerical data ; Frailty/diagnosis ; Geriatric Assessment/methods ; Humans ; India ; Male ; Mass Screening/standards ; Postural Balance/physiology ; Psychometrics ; Reproducibility of Results
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-03-25
Publishing country	New Zealand
Document type	Journal Article ; Validation Study
ZDB-ID	2364924-0
ISSN	1178-1998 ; 1176-9092
ISSN (online)	1178-1998
ISSN	1176-9092
DOI	10.2147/CIA.S292969
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Article: Development of integrated care tool - BRIEF for screening the unmet psychosociomedical needs of older Indians.

Chatterjee, Prasun / Rebok, George W / Dwivedi, Sada N / Kumar, Deepa A / Madan, Ruchika / Dey, Aparajit B

Indian journal of public health

2019 Volume 63, Issue 1, Page(s) 51–57

Abstract: Background: With demographic shifts, there is an unprecedented increase in noncommunicable diseases, multimorbidity, and geriatric syndromes among older adults, especially in economically weaker sectors. However, there is no socioculturally appropriate ... ...

Abstract	Background: With demographic shifts, there is an unprecedented increase in noncommunicable diseases, multimorbidity, and geriatric syndromes among older adults, especially in economically weaker sectors. However, there is no socioculturally appropriate tool to screen older adults for age-related health needs, multimorbidity, and geriatric syndromes at their doorstep. Objective: Our objective was to create a self-assessment tool, "integrated care tool" (ICT), and to assess its psychometric properties by applying it on older adults from multiple settings such as hospital, community, and old-age home (assisted living services). Methods: new questionnaire was developed using standardized procedure including item development, pilot testing, and psychometric validation. After obtaining the institutional ethics committee clearance, data were collected from consenting respondents attending the Outpatient Department of Geriatric Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, community settings through health camps, and long-term care center, between May 2016 and February 2017. Data were computerized and analyzed by principal component analysis as extraction method and orthogonal varimax as rotation method. Results: The final 30-item questionnaire was arranged into various domains as per rotated component matrix analysis. Overall internal consistency of the final questionnaire, as calculated by Cronbach's alpha, was 0.79, and the measure of sampling adequacy was 0.79. Conclusion: ICT-BRIEF is a simple, self-assessment/caregiver-assisted tool to screen the health needs of older adults. This tool can be validated for developing risk score and scaled up to generate a large database to create elderly centered care plans.
MeSH term(s)	Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Aging/physiology ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Cultural Competency ; Diagnostic Self Evaluation ; Elder Abuse/diagnosis ; Female ; Geriatric Assessment/methods ; Health Status ; Humans ; Male ; Mental Health ; Middle Aged ; Personal Satisfaction ; Psychometrics ; Reproducibility of Results ; Social Participation ; Socioeconomic Factors ; Surveys and Questionnaires/standards
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-03-14
Publishing country	India
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	800737-8
ISSN	2229-7693 ; 0019-557X
ISSN (online)	2229-7693
ISSN	0019-557X
DOI	10.4103/ijph.IJPH_187_18
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Article ; Online: Polygenic Risk Scores for Alzheimer's Disease and General Cognitive Function Are Associated With Measures of Cognition in Older South Asians.

Zhao, Wei / Smith, Jennifer A / Wang, Yi Zhe / Chintalapati, Manjusha / Ammous, Farah / Yu, Miao / Moorjani, Priya / Ganna, Andrea / Gross, Alden / Dey, Sharmistha / Benerjee, Joyita / Chatterjee, Prasun / Dey, Aparajit B / Lee, Jinkook / Kardia, Sharon L R

The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences

2023 Volume 78, Issue 5, Page(s) 743–752

Abstract: Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) conducted in European ancestry (EA) have identified hundreds of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with general cognitive function and/or Alzheimer's disease (AD). The association between these SNPs ... ...

Abstract	Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) conducted in European ancestry (EA) have identified hundreds of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with general cognitive function and/or Alzheimer's disease (AD). The association between these SNPs and cognitive function has not been fully evaluated in populations with complex genetic substructure such as South Asians. This study investigated whether SNPs identified in EA GWAS, either individually or as polygenic risk scores (PRSs), were associated with general cognitive function and 5 broad cognitive domains in 932 South Asians from the Diagnostic Assessment of Dementia for the Longitudinal Aging Study in India (LASI-DAD). We found that SNPs identified from AD GWAS were more strongly associated with cognitive function in LASI-DAD than those from a GWAS of general cognitive function. PRSs for general cognitive function and AD explained up to 1.1% of the variability in LASI-DAD cognitive domain scores. Our study represents an important stepping stone toward better characterization of the genetic architecture of cognitive aging in the Indian/South Asian population and highlights the need for further research that may lead to the identification of new variants unique to this population.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Aged ; Alzheimer Disease/genetics ; Alzheimer Disease/epidemiology ; Genome-Wide Association Study ; South Asian People ; Cognition ; Risk Factors ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-12
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	1223643-3
ISSN	1758-535X ; 1079-5006
ISSN (online)	1758-535X
ISSN	1079-5006
DOI	10.1093/gerona/glad057
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Article ; Online: Molecular characterization of Clostridioides difficile by multi-locus sequence typing (MLST): A study from tertiary care center in India.

Chaudhry, Rama / Sharma, Nidhi / Bahadur, Tej / Khullar, Swati / Agarwal, Sonu Kumari / Gahlowt, Abhipray / Gupta, Nitin / Kumar, Lalit / Kabra, Sushil Kumar / Dey, Aparajit B

Anaerobe

2022 Volume 75, Page(s) 102545

Abstract: Objectives: Clostridioides difficile is an important pathogen responsible for antibiotic-associated diarrhoea (AAD). This study was aimed to perform multi-locus sequence typing (MLST) of C. difficile isolates from AAD cases and to understand the clonal ... ...

Abstract	Objectives: Clostridioides difficile is an important pathogen responsible for antibiotic-associated diarrhoea (AAD). This study was aimed to perform multi-locus sequence typing (MLST) of C. difficile isolates from AAD cases and to understand the clonal relationship between these C. difficile strains. Methods: Thirty five strains and a standard strain C.difficile ATCC 9689 were characterized by polymerase chain reaction assay (PCR) for toxin genes (tcdA and tcdB gene) detection and MLST. Results: MLST results revealed that the most common sequence types were ST-17, ST-54, ST-63. The cluster analysis revealed that strains isolated from AAD patients generated 12 MLST sequence types grouped into two distinct evolutionary lineages. Conclusions: ST 17 is most prominent sequence type. This is the first report of MLST based study of C. difficile from India. Further studies from diverse geographical regions can help better understand the epidemiology of CDI in India.
MeSH term(s)	Bacterial Toxins/genetics ; Clostridioides ; Clostridioides difficile/genetics ; Clostridium Infections/diagnosis ; Clostridium Infections/epidemiology ; Diarrhea/epidemiology ; Humans ; Multilocus Sequence Typing ; Tertiary Care Centers
Chemical Substances	Bacterial Toxins
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-03-09
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1237621-8
ISSN	1095-8274 ; 1075-9964
ISSN (online)	1095-8274
ISSN	1075-9964
DOI	10.1016/j.anaerobe.2022.102545
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Article ; Online: Design and Methodology of the Longitudinal Aging Study in India-Diagnostic Assessment of Dementia (LASI-DAD).

Lee, Jinkook / Khobragade, Pranali Y / Banerjee, Joyita / Chien, Sandy / Angrisani, Marco / Perianayagam, Arokiasamy / Bloom, David E / Dey, Aparajit B

Journal of the American Geriatrics Society

2020 Volume 68 Suppl 3, Page(s) S5–S10

Abstract: Background/objectives: To provide high-quality data on older adults in India that will enable an in-depth study of late-life cognition and dementia in India and cross-country analysis of risk factors for cognitive aging and dementia.: Design: The ... ...

Abstract	Background/objectives: To provide high-quality data on older adults in India that will enable an in-depth study of late-life cognition and dementia in India and cross-country analysis of risk factors for cognitive aging and dementia. Design: The Longitudinal Aging Study in India (LASI) is a nationally representative survey of health, economic, and social well-being of the Indian population aged 45 and older. Its large sample of more than 70,000 older adults represents not only the country as a whole but also each state. LASI-Diagnostic Assessment of Dementia (DAD) is an in-depth study of late-life cognition and dementia, drawing a subsample of over 3,000 LASI respondents aged 60 and older. Setting: Participants were interviewed at home or in a participating hospital according to their preferences. Participants: Adults aged 60 and older (N = 3,224), along with 3,191 informants. Measurements: Respondents underwent a battery of cognitive tests, and informants were interviewed about their cognitive and health conditions. A common set of cognitive tests was selected to enable international comparisons, and additional cognitive tests suitable for illiterate and innumerate populations were also selected. Rich data on risk factors of dementia were collected through health examination, venous blood assays, and genotyping. Results: The response rate was 82.9%, varying across sex, education, and urbanicity. Data are available to other researchers. Conclusion: LASI-DAD provides an opportunity to study late-life cognition and dementia and their risk factors in the older population in India and to gain further insights through cross-country analysis by pooling data from its international sister studies. J Am Geriatr Soc 68:S5-S10, 2020.
MeSH term(s)	Aged ; Aging/physiology ; Cognition/physiology ; Dementia/blood ; Dementia/diagnosis ; Dementia/epidemiology ; Female ; Geriatric Assessment ; Humans ; India/epidemiology ; Interviews as Topic ; Longitudinal Studies ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neuropsychological Tests ; Prospective Studies ; Research Design ; Risk Factors
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-08-20
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	80363-7
ISSN	1532-5415 ; 0002-8614
ISSN (online)	1532-5415
ISSN	0002-8614
DOI	10.1111/jgs.16737
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Article ; Online: Online Clinical Consensus Diagnosis of Dementia: Development and Validation.

Lee, Jinkook / Ganguli, Mary / Weerman, Albert / Chien, Sandy / Lee, Dong Young / Varghese, Mathew / Dey, Aparajit B

Journal of the American Geriatrics Society

2020 Volume 68 Suppl 3, Page(s) S54–S59

Abstract: Objectives: To introduce cost-effective expert clinical diagnoses of dementia into population-based research using an online platform and to demonstrate their validity against in-person clinical assessment and diagnosis.: Design: The online platform ... ...

Abstract	Objectives: To introduce cost-effective expert clinical diagnoses of dementia into population-based research using an online platform and to demonstrate their validity against in-person clinical assessment and diagnosis. Design: The online platform provides standardized data necessary for clinicians to rate participants on the Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR Setting: All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Delhi, and National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bengaluru, India. Participants: Thirty patients each at AIIMS and NIMHANS with equal numbers of patients previously independently rated in person by experts as CDR is 0 (cognitively normal), CDR is 0.5 (mild cognitive impairment), and CDR is 1 or greater (dementia). Measurements: Multiple clinicians independently rate each participant on each CDR domain using standardized data and expert clinical judgment. The overall summary CDR is calculated by algorithm. When there are discrepancies among clinician ratings, clinicians discuss the case through a virtual consensus conference and arrive at a consensus overall rating. Results: Online clinical consensus diagnosis based on standardized interview data provides consistent clinical diagnosis with in-person clinical assessment and consensus diagnosis (κ coefficient = 0.76). Conclusion: A web-based clinical consensus platform built on the Harmonized Diagnostic Assessment of Dementia for the Longitudinal Aging Study in India interview data is a cost-effective way to obtain reliable expert clinical judgments. A similar approach can be used for other epidemiological studies of dementia. J Am Geriatr Soc 68:S54-S59, 2020.
MeSH term(s)	Aged ; Algorithms ; Consensus ; Cost-Benefit Analysis ; Dementia/diagnosis ; Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted ; Female ; Humans ; Internet ; Male ; Mental Status and Dementia Tests/statistics & numerical data ; Middle Aged ; Reproducibility of Results
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-08-20
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Validation Study
ZDB-ID	80363-7
ISSN	1532-5415 ; 0002-8614
ISSN (online)	1532-5415
ISSN	0002-8614
DOI	10.1111/jgs.16736
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