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  1. Article: A quantitative evaluation of the effect of meals on macular thickness in diabetic patients with diabetic macular edema.

    Sinha, Yashika / Trehan, Hemant Singh / Kurumkattil, Raji / Bhatkoti, Bhupesh / Dhar, Sanjay Kumar / Sharma, Vijay Kumar

    Oman journal of ophthalmology

    2023  Volume 16, Issue 3, Page(s) 509–515

    Abstract: Purpose: Central subfoveal thickness measurement is used in a large number of clinical trials to monitor the progression and treatment response of diabetic macular edema (DME) in patients of diabetic retinopathy (DR). Several studies have been carried ... ...

    Abstract Purpose: Central subfoveal thickness measurement is used in a large number of clinical trials to monitor the progression and treatment response of diabetic macular edema (DME) in patients of diabetic retinopathy (DR). Several studies have been carried out to investigate various factors affecting the central subfoveal thickness in order to minimize errors in the testing. We planned a study to investigate the effect of meals on central macular thickness (CMT) in patients with DME and compare that with nondiabetic patients.
    Methods: In this observational study, 50 patients of diabetes with DME and 50 normal controls were included. Macular thickness was measured after overnight fasting and 2 h postprandial for both the groups. Any changes in morphology and CMT were evaluated.
    Results: Each group had 22 females and 28 males with a mean age of 60.6 ± 6.6 in the diabetic group and of 49.66 ± 11.13 in the control group. Reduction in the CMT was noticed after the meals (mean: -9.78 ± 12.77 μm;
    Conclusion: The CMT values in patients with DME are significantly affected by meals. Hence, an attempt should be made to measure CMT during the fasting state for more accurate results.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-10-18
    Publishing country India
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2484272-2
    ISSN 0974-7842 ; 0974-620X
    ISSN (online) 0974-7842
    ISSN 0974-620X
    DOI 10.4103/ojo.ojo_21_23
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Anthropometric analysis of linear parameters of the Indian nose: A cross-sectional study and comparison with literature.

    Bhandari, Padam Singh / Dhar, Sanjay / Gulati, Achal

    Journal of plastic, reconstructive & aesthetic surgery : JPRAS

    2021  Volume 74, Issue 12, Page(s) 3421–3430

    Abstract: Background: Many studies have been done to find out the accepted "ideal" appearance and proportions of the nose. However, much of this work has been limited to the facial architecture of the North American Caucasian population. Therefore, most beauty ... ...

    Abstract Background: Many studies have been done to find out the accepted "ideal" appearance and proportions of the nose. However, much of this work has been limited to the facial architecture of the North American Caucasian population. Therefore, most beauty standards are driven by Western influences.
    Aims and objectives: To measure different standard linear parameters of Indian faces and compare them with the studies found in the literature, in an endeavor to help in preoperative planning in rhinoplasty while maintaining their ethnicity.
    Methods: This was a hospital-based cross-sectional study of 500 subjects. A total of 21 standard measurements were noted directly from the faces, and 11 proportional values calculated. Mean values with standard deviations were statistically used for comparisons with studies in the literature.
    Results: There were significant differences between male and female subjects of our study in 16 variables. The proportional indices calculated also revealed significant differences statistically in 6 out of 11 measurements between male and female subjects. Significant differences were found in most of the parameters when our data were compared with Indian American, North American white population, Korean, Chinese, and African American.
    Conclusions: Facial measurements in the Indian population are different from those of other races, such as nasal index: (al-al × 100/n-sn), sn-prn x 100/ al-al index, and sn-prn x 100/n-Sn index, and it is important to have own set of parameters to act as standards guiding esthetic nasal surgeries while maintaining ethnicities. Our study is an attempt at the same. However, because of the huge diversity of the Indian population, it requires larger studies from different regions to achieve the final aim to create standards for cosmetic rhinoplasties.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Adult ; Anthropometry/methods ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Humans ; India ; Male ; Nose/anatomy & histology ; Patient Care Planning ; Rhinoplasty ; Sex Factors
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-06-02
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Comparative Study ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2217750-4
    ISSN 1878-0539 ; 1748-6815 ; 0007-1226
    ISSN (online) 1878-0539
    ISSN 1748-6815 ; 0007-1226
    DOI 10.1016/j.bjps.2021.05.008
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article: Study of correlation between stereopsis and retinal nerve fiber layer thickness in cases of glaucoma.

    Dhar, Sanjay Kumar / Raji, K / Sandeep, Shankar / Abhijit

    Medical journal, Armed Forces India

    2020  Volume 77, Issue 1, Page(s) 63–69

    Abstract: Background: Glaucoma is an important and common optic neuropathy characterized by progressive loss of retinal ganglion cells and associated morphological changes to the optic nerve and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL). The most common assessment of ... ...

    Abstract Background: Glaucoma is an important and common optic neuropathy characterized by progressive loss of retinal ganglion cells and associated morphological changes to the optic nerve and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL). The most common assessment of visual function in glaucoma uses perimetric measurements of visual sensitivity. Only few studies have evaluated the binocular function in patients with glaucoma. This study was taken up to establish the correlation of RNFL thickness, in glaucoma, with near and distance stereopsis.
    Methods: This pilot, cross-sectional observational study included 100 diagnosed cases of glaucoma and 100 normal participants as controls, studied over a period of one year. The records of all the participants were checked, and only established cases of glaucoma after fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria were included. Analysis of the RNFL using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography was carried out. All the participants were thereafter evaluated for stereoacuity by near (at 40 inches) and distance (at 3 meter) Randot stereoacuity charts.
    Results: There was a negative correlation between the RNFL thickness and the absolute value of streoacuity (-0.303 for distance versus -0.101 for near in cases and -0.308 for distance and -0.416 for near in control group), decreasing the actual functional stereoacuity, therefore the cases with lower RNFL thickness had lower stereoacuity both for distance and near, however it was statistically significant only for distance (p=0.002).
    Conclusion: Functional aspects, such as stereoacuity, may also be affected in the glaucoma because of decrease in RNFL thickness. Therefore, binocular status should also be evaluated in cases of glaucoma.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-04-29
    Publishing country India
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 196342-9
    ISSN 0377-1237
    ISSN 0377-1237
    DOI 10.1016/j.mjafi.2020.01.004
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  4. Article: Aggressive Vertebral Hemangioma Causing Recurring Myelopathy -A Rare Case Report and Review of Literature.

    Gala, Rohan Bharat / Dhar, Sanjay B / Kale, Sachin Y / Ganesh, Raja / Dahapute, Aditya A

    Journal of orthopaedic case reports

    2022  Volume 11, Issue 6, Page(s) 19–22

    Abstract: Introduction: Vertebral hemangiomas although benign vascular lesions few of these may be ag-gressive causing osseous, extra-osseous and/or epidural expansions with recurrence rate as low as 3%. It should be considered as one of the important ... ...

    Abstract Introduction: Vertebral hemangiomas although benign vascular lesions few of these may be ag-gressive causing osseous, extra-osseous and/or epidural expansions with recurrence rate as low as 3%. It should be considered as one of the important differentials while dealing with lytic lesions in the dorsal spine causing compressive myelopathy.
    Case report: A 16-year-old female came with an acute history of paraparesis with bladder in-volvement. She was diagnosed of vertebral hemangioma of D9 for which she underwent surgical decompression and fixation. At present, she had paraparesis with a sensory level of D10 on exami-nation. After radiological investigations (X-ray and MRI) she had high intensity signals in the extra osseous portion of D9 with significant neural compression indicating recurrence of vertebral he-mangioma. She underwent decompression with long segment instrumentation with prior arterial embolization. Histopathology features were suggestive of hemangioma and our diagnosis of recur-rence was confirmed. At 2 weeks, the patient had improved neurology with partial sensory recovery and Grade 2 power in the right lower limb and Grade 1 power in the left lower limb. Histopathology report confirmed the diagnosis of hemangioma indicating recurrence. At 6 months follow-up after aggressive rehabilitation, the patient was spastic and improved to Grade 3 power in the left lower limb and Grade 4 power in the right lower limb. The sphincteric control was also found to be fair at 1 year follow-up.
    Discussion: Vertebral hemangiomas when causing progressive neurological deficit warrant surgical decompression. The choice of intervention depends on location and extent of the tumor. Due to their high vascularity, it is advisable for to preoperatively carry out arterial embolization.
    Conclusion: Although commonly asymptomatic, vertebral hemangiomas may present as compressive myelopathy. Therefore, they should be detected early, intervened and followed up regularly to detect recurrence to prevent worsening of neurology and function.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-04-13
    Publishing country India
    Document type Case Reports
    ZDB-ID 2658169-3
    ISSN 2250-0685
    ISSN 2250-0685
    DOI 10.13107/jocr.2021.v11.i06.2240
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article: Upper Cervical Leiomyoma in an Adolescent Male.

    Dhar, Sanjay B / Parikh, Mishil / Gala, Rohan Bharat / Gupta, Batsal / Kadam, Tushar

    Journal of orthopaedic case reports

    2022  Volume 12, Issue 1, Page(s) 10–13

    Abstract: Introduction: Leiomyomas are benign epithelial tumors with a female preponderance usually in the uterus, gastro-intestinal tract and skin. They are well-capsulated tumors with no mitotic activity and little pleomorphism. Primary leiomyoma in the upper ... ...

    Abstract Introduction: Leiomyomas are benign epithelial tumors with a female preponderance usually in the uterus, gastro-intestinal tract and skin. They are well-capsulated tumors with no mitotic activity and little pleomorphism. Primary leiomyoma in the upper cervical spine region is rare and the occurrence of these lesions in young immunocompetent males is extremely rare.
    Case report: A 15-year-old male had swelling over the nape of the neck for 4 years with slight difficulty in neck movements for a few months. Asymptomatic 4 years back be developed a painless swelling at the nape of the neck on the right side initially the size of a pea which gradually increased size. A 10x8cm firm, on-tender and non-pulsatile swelling at the nape of the neck on the right extending from the occipital nuchal line and crossing the midline up to the posterior border of the sternomastoid. The skin over the swelling wasn't adherent and the swelling did not reduce on neck movements. Neck movements were terminally restricted with restriction on rotation towards the right. Routine X-ray's and magnetic resonance imaging were suggestive of a soft tissue mass in the inter-muscular plane on the posterior aspect more on the right side with a cystic component and causing thinning of the C2 lamina with no intraspinal extension. Biopsy was done. Findings were suggestive of a spindle cell benign tumor. Posterior en bloc excision was planned and the lesion blog with the entire capsule was excised and sent for histopathology which revealed the lesion was a leiomyoma. The patient has shown no clinical or radiological evidence of recurrence at 4 year fol-low-up.
    Conclusion: Leiomyomas in the upper cervical spine is extremely rare in adolescent immunocom-petent male.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-03-04
    Publishing country India
    Document type Case Reports
    ZDB-ID 2658169-3
    ISSN 2250-0685
    ISSN 2250-0685
    DOI 10.13107/jocr.2022.v12.i01.2594
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  6. Article: Multiple Cantilever K-wiring Technique for Severely Comminuted Articular Fragments in Neglected Distal Humerus Fracture with Anterior Elbow Dislocation: A Case Report.

    Dhar, Sanjay / Kale, Sachin Yashwant / Singh, Sushmit / Gunjotikar, Aditya Rajendra / Koli, Vaibhav / Sharma, Suraj

    Journal of orthopaedic case reports

    2022  Volume 12, Issue 1, Page(s) 22–25

    Abstract: Introduction: Anterior dislocation of the elbow is comparatively less frequent and is often associated with fractures of the distal humerus. Such injuries require surgical intervention at the earliest but with the surge of COVID-19 pandemic and ... ...

    Abstract Introduction: Anterior dislocation of the elbow is comparatively less frequent and is often associated with fractures of the distal humerus. Such injuries require surgical intervention at the earliest but with the surge of COVID-19 pandemic and different protocols being followed by surgeons, such cases are getting neglected. We present a 5-week-old neglected anterior dislocation of the right elbow joint with lateral condyle and medial epicondyle humerus fracture and a unique cantilever K-wiring technique used for its treatment.
    Case presentation: A 30-year-old man presented with pain, deformity, and limited range of movement of his right elbow joint and a non-healing wound over the olecranon after he had a road traffic accident 5 weeks back. The patient had been initially treated in a local hospital where he tested positive for COVID-19 and was managed conservatively. Radiographs revealed lateral condyle and medial epicondyle humerus fracture and an unreduced anterior dislocation of the right elbow joint.
    Conclusion: Neglected fracture-dislocation of the elbow is challenging and is further complicated by comminuted fragments with loss of bone stock. A unique use of multiple Kirschner wires in a cantilever fashion provides a good fixation alternative for such cases.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-04-16
    Publishing country India
    Document type Case Reports
    ZDB-ID 2658169-3
    ISSN 2250-0685
    ISSN 2250-0685
    DOI 10.13107/jocr.2022.v12.i01.2600
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  7. Article: Triplet of doubles: Double anterior chamber, double descemet membranes, and double rhexis.

    Sharma, Vijay K / Raji, Kurumkattil / Dhar, Sanjay Kumar / Agarwal, Manisha

    Medical journal, Armed Forces India

    2020  Volume 78, Issue Suppl 1, Page(s) S269–S272

    Abstract: A 52-year-old women underwent penetrating keratoplasty for total corneal opacity after healed microbial keratitis with an uneventful postoperative period until six months when she developed gross diminution of vision. During examination, she was detected ...

    Abstract A 52-year-old women underwent penetrating keratoplasty for total corneal opacity after healed microbial keratitis with an uneventful postoperative period until six months when she developed gross diminution of vision. During examination, she was detected to have a membrane in the anterior chamber, creating a double anterior chamber with a total cataract. The graft was clear, and sutures were intact. Anterior segment optical coherence tomography (OCT) showed the membrane in the anterior chamber crossing the graft host junction, suggesting this membrane to be retained host descemet membrane. This was confirmed on histopathological examination. Double rhexis (descemetorhexis and capsulorhexis) was performed with cataract removal and intraocular lens (IOL) implantation, and patient had good visual recovery postoperatively.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-03-18
    Publishing country India
    Document type Case Reports
    ZDB-ID 196342-9
    ISSN 0377-1237
    ISSN 0377-1237
    DOI 10.1016/j.mjafi.2019.12.003
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  8. Article ; Online: Management of Post-DALK Recipient Posterior Stromal Scarring: A Novel Approach.

    Sharma, Vijay K / Trehan, Hemant S / Kurumkattil, Raji / Dhar, Sanjay K

    Eye & contact lens

    2020  Volume 47, Issue 4, Page(s) 163–167

    Abstract: Aim: Management of recipient posterior stromal scarring following deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty (DALK) by a novel approach.: Methods: A side port knife bent at the tip is used to make a linear incision in the host posterior stroma. Plane ... ...

    Abstract Aim: Management of recipient posterior stromal scarring following deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty (DALK) by a novel approach.
    Methods: A side port knife bent at the tip is used to make a linear incision in the host posterior stroma. Plane between host posterior stroma and DALK tissue is separated using a reverse sinskey hook and multiple radial incisions are made using microvitroretinal scissors. The recipient posterior stromal wedges are removed using 20G vitrector with a cut rate of 800 cuts/min. A Descemet stripping endothelial keratoplasty lenticule is inserted into the anterior chamber and apposed to the posterior surface of DALK tissue using air tamponade.
    Result: This technique was used in 10 patients who showed clearing of the scarring after the surgery with good apposition of the donor graft to the previous DALK tissue. Conclusion: This is a sutureless, relatively simple, inexpensive, and effective novel surgical technique that avoids complications of open sky procedure and can be replicated in any ophthalmologic operation theatre setup.
    MeSH term(s) Cicatrix/etiology ; Cicatrix/surgery ; Corneal Transplantation ; Descemet Membrane ; Humans ; Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures ; Visual Acuity
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-05-19
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2103049-2
    ISSN 1542-233X ; 1542-2321
    ISSN (online) 1542-233X
    ISSN 1542-2321
    DOI 10.1097/ICL.0000000000000701
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: In Response.

    Sharma, Vijay K / Trehan, Hemant S / Kurumkattil, Raji / Dhar, Sanjay K

    Eye & contact lens

    2020  Volume 47, Issue 4, Page(s) 229–230

    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-09-29
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Letter ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 2103049-2
    ISSN 1542-233X ; 1542-2321
    ISSN (online) 1542-233X
    ISSN 1542-2321
    DOI 10.1097/ICL.0000000000000740
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  10. Article ; Online: Innovative technique of mini-simple limbal epithelial transplantation in pediatric patients.

    Pannu, Anju / Sati, Alok / Mishra, Sanjay Kumar / Kumar, Sonali / Dhar, Sanjay

    Indian journal of ophthalmology

    2021  Volume 69, Issue 8, Page(s) 2222–2224

    Abstract: In this article, we introduce a modified technique of minor ipsilateral simple limbal epithelial transplantation (mini-SLET) in pediatric patients of limbal stem cell deficiency (LSCD). Two children with unilateral partial LSCD underwent the innovative ... ...

    Abstract In this article, we introduce a modified technique of minor ipsilateral simple limbal epithelial transplantation (mini-SLET) in pediatric patients of limbal stem cell deficiency (LSCD). Two children with unilateral partial LSCD underwent the innovative technique of mini-SLET, where harvested limbal tissues were placed over the raw cornea and were covered with amniotic membrane. Both patients were followed till 9 months. Both cases showed favorable outcome and uneventful recovery. Results were comparable with the classical technique. This innovative modification of mini-SLET is safe, feasible, and an effective alternative with favorable visual outcome especially in pediatric population. It can be a breakthrough for LSCD management in developing countries with limited resources.
    MeSH term(s) Child ; Corneal Diseases/surgery ; Epithelium, Corneal ; Humans ; Limbus Corneae/surgery ; Stem Cell Transplantation ; Transplantation, Autologous
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-07-14
    Publishing country India
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 187392-1
    ISSN 1998-3689 ; 0301-4738
    ISSN (online) 1998-3689
    ISSN 0301-4738
    DOI 10.4103/ijo.IJO_2834_20
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