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Article ; Online: Simultaneous oscillatory encoding of "hot" and "cold" information during social interactions in the monkey medial prefrontal cortex.

Di Bello, Fabio / Falcone, Rossella / Genovesio, Aldo

iScience

2024 Volume 27, Issue 5, Page(s) 109559

Abstract: Social interactions in primates require social cognition abilities such as anticipating the partner's future choices as well as pure cognitive skills involving processing task-relevant information. The medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) has been implicated ... ...

Abstract	Social interactions in primates require social cognition abilities such as anticipating the partner's future choices as well as pure cognitive skills involving processing task-relevant information. The medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) has been implicated in these cognitive processes. Here, we investigated the neural oscillations underlying the complex social behaviors involving the interplay of social roles (Actor vs. Observer) and interaction types (whether working with a "Good" or "Bad" partner). We found opposite power modulations of the beta and gamma bands by social roles, indicating dedicated processing for task-related information. Concurrently, the interaction type was conveyed by lower frequencies, which are commonly associated with neural circuits linked to performance and reward monitoring. Thus, the mPFC exhibits parallel coding of both "cold" processes (purely cognitive) and "hot" processes (reward and social-related). This allocation of neural resources gives the mPFC a key neural node, flexibly integrating multiple sources of information during social interactions.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-25
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2589-0042
ISSN (online)	2589-0042
DOI	10.1016/j.isci.2024.109559
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Article ; Online: Distractibility and impulsivity neural states are distinct from selective attention and modulate the implementation of spatial attention.

Amengual, J L / Di Bello, F / Ben Hadj Hassen, S / Ben Hamed, Suliann

Nature communications

2022 Volume 13, Issue 1, Page(s) 4796

Abstract: In the context of visual attention, it has been classically assumed that missing the response to a target or erroneously selecting a distractor occurs as a consequence of the (miss)allocation of attention in space. In the present paper, we challenge this ...

Abstract	In the context of visual attention, it has been classically assumed that missing the response to a target or erroneously selecting a distractor occurs as a consequence of the (miss)allocation of attention in space. In the present paper, we challenge this view and provide evidence that, in addition to encoding spatial attention, prefrontal neurons also encode a distractibility-to-impulsivity state. Using supervised dimensionality reduction techniques in prefrontal neuronal recordings in monkeys, we identify two partially overlapping neuronal subpopulations associated either with the focus of attention or overt behaviour. The degree of overlap accounts for the behavioral gain associated with the good allocation of attention. We further describe the neural variability accounting for distractibility-to-impulsivity behaviour by a two dimensional state associated with optimality in task and responsiveness. Overall, we thus show that behavioral performance arises from the integration of task-specific neuronal processes and pre-existing neuronal states describing task-independent behavioral states.
MeSH term(s)	Attention ; Cognition Disorders ; Humans ; Impulsive Behavior/physiology ; Neurons/physiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-08-15
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2553671-0
ISSN	2041-1723 ; 2041-1723
ISSN (online)	2041-1723
ISSN	2041-1723
DOI	10.1038/s41467-022-32385-y
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Article: Social Media Content on Immunology: Is an Assessment by the Scientific Community Required?

Morra, Simone / Di Bello, Francesco / Collà Ruvolo, Claudia / Califano, Gianluigi

Vaccines

2023 Volume 11, Issue 2

Abstract: In recent years, vaccines and immunotherapy have become two of the most promising and effective tools in the fight against a wide range of diseases, from the common cold to cancer [ ... ]. ...

Abstract	In recent years, vaccines and immunotherapy have become two of the most promising and effective tools in the fight against a wide range of diseases, from the common cold to cancer [...].
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-17
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Editorial
ZDB-ID	2703319-3
ISSN	2076-393X
ISSN	2076-393X
DOI	10.3390/vaccines11020473
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Article ; Online: Different Contribution of the Monkey Prefrontal and Premotor Dorsal Cortex in Decision Making During a Transitive Inference Task.

Ramawat, S / Mione, V / Di Bello, F / Bardella, G / Genovesio, A / Pani, P / Ferraina, S / Brunamonti, E

Neuroscience

2022 Volume 485, Page(s) 147–162

Abstract: Several studies have reported similar neural modulations between brain areas of the frontal cortex, such as the dorsolateral prefrontal (DLPFC) and the premotor dorsal (PMd) cortex, in tasks requiring encoding of the abstract rules for selecting the ... ...

Abstract	Several studies have reported similar neural modulations between brain areas of the frontal cortex, such as the dorsolateral prefrontal (DLPFC) and the premotor dorsal (PMd) cortex, in tasks requiring encoding of the abstract rules for selecting the proper action. Here we compared the neuronal modulation of the DLPFC and PMd of monkeys trained to choose the higher rank from a pair of abstract images (target item), selected from an arbitrarily rank-ordered set (A > B > C > D > E > F) in the context of a transitive inference task. Once acquired by trial-and-error, the ordinal relationship between pairs of adjacent images (i.e., A > B; B > C; C > D; D > E; E > F), monkeys were tested in indicating the ordinal relation between items of the list not paired during learning. During these decisions, we observed that the choice accuracy increased and the reaction time decreased as the rank difference between the compared items enhanced. This result is in line with the hypothesis that after learning, the monkeys built an abstract mental representation of the ranked items, where rank comparisons correspond to the items' position comparison on this representation. In both brain areas, we observed higher neuronal activity when the target item appeared in a specific location on the screen with respect to the opposite position and that this difference was particularly enhanced at lower degrees of difficulty. By comparing the time evolution of the activity of the two areas, we observed that the neural encoding of target item spatial position occurred earlier in the DLPFC than in the PMd.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Decision Making/physiology ; Macaca mulatta ; Motor Cortex/physiology ; Prefrontal Cortex/physiology ; Psychomotor Performance/physiology ; Reaction Time/physiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-02-11
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	196739-3
ISSN	1873-7544 ; 0306-4522
ISSN (online)	1873-7544
ISSN	0306-4522
DOI	10.1016/j.neuroscience.2022.01.013
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Article: Intra-scrotal epidermoid cyst rupture misdiagnosed as a testicular prosthesis rupture: A case report.

Fraia, Agostino / Di Bello, Francesco / Pezone, Gabriele / Collà Ruvolo, Claudia / Califano, Gianluigi / Longo, Nicola

Urology case reports

2023 Volume 52, Page(s) 102639

Abstract: Testicular cancers represent about 5 % of all urological tumors. Most patients who undergo radical orchiectomy (RO) decide to place a testicular prosthesis, for a cosmetic result and to accept the testicular loss. Among all late complications, a ... ...

Abstract	Testicular cancers represent about 5 % of all urological tumors. Most patients who undergo radical orchiectomy (RO) decide to place a testicular prosthesis, for a cosmetic result and to accept the testicular loss. Among all late complications, a spontaneous prosthesis rupture is a rare event contrary to penile prosthesis. The present study reported the case of a 53-year-old Italian man has presented to our department principally for a suspicious rupture of testicular implant, placed twenty years before after a RO. Despite the findings at scrotal ultrasonography, at final histology, the mass was identified as spontaneously broken intra-scrotal epidermoid cyst.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-18
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Case Reports
ZDB-ID	2745459-9
ISSN	2214-4420
ISSN	2214-4420
DOI	10.1016/j.eucr.2023.102639
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Article ; Online: Behavioral validation of novel high resolution attention decoding method from multi-units & local field potentials.

De Sousa, Carine / Gaillard, C / Di Bello, F / Ben Hadj Hassen, S / Ben Hamed, S

NeuroImage

2021 Volume 231, Page(s) 117853

Abstract: The ability to access brain information in real-time is crucial both for a better understanding of cognitive functions and for the development of therapeutic applications based on brain-machine interfaces. Great success has been achieved in the field of ... ...

Abstract	The ability to access brain information in real-time is crucial both for a better understanding of cognitive functions and for the development of therapeutic applications based on brain-machine interfaces. Great success has been achieved in the field of neural motor prosthesis. Progress is still needed in the real-time decoding of higher-order cognitive processes such as covert attention. Recently, we showed that we can track the location of the attentional spotlight using classification methods applied to prefrontal multi-unit activity (MUA) in the non-human primates. Importantly, we demonstrated that the decoded (x,y) attentional spotlight parametrically correlates with the behavior of the monkeys thus validating our decoding of attention. We also demonstrate that this spotlight is extremely dynamic. Here, in order to get closer to non-invasive decoding applications, we extend our previous work to local field potential signals (LFP). Specifically, we achieve, for the first time, high decoding accuracy of the (x,y) location of the attentional spotlight from prefrontal LFP signals, to a degree comparable to that achieved from MUA signals, and we show that this LFP content is predictive of behavior. This LFP attention-related information is maximal in the gamma band (30-250 Hz), peaking between 60 to 120 Hz. In addition, we introduce a novel two-step decoding procedure based on the labelling of maximally attention-informative trials during the decoding procedure. This procedure strongly improves the correlation between our real-time MUA and LFP based decoding and behavioral performance, thus further refining the functional relevance of this real-time decoding of the (x,y) locus of attention. This improvement is more marked for LFP signals than for MUA signals. Overall, this study demonstrates that the attentional spotlight can be accessed from LFP frequency content, in real-time, and can be used to drive high-information content cognitive brain-machine interfaces for the development of new therapeutic strategies.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Attention/physiology ; Macaca mulatta ; Machine Learning ; Male ; Photic Stimulation/methods ; Prefrontal Cortex/physiology ; Psychomotor Performance/physiology ; Reproducibility of Results
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-02-11
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1147767-2
ISSN	1095-9572 ; 1053-8119
ISSN (online)	1095-9572
ISSN	1053-8119
DOI	10.1016/j.neuroimage.2021.117853
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Article ; Online: Iron homeostasis alterations and erectile dysfunction: A new issue in erectile disfunction treatment?

Marino, Claudio / Iaconis, Salvatore / Di Bello, Francesco / Cacace, Gianluigi / Fusco, Giovanni / Romano, Lorenzo / Di Mauro, Ernesto / Cirillo, Luigi / Altieri, Vincenzo Maria / Mastrangelo, Francesco / Napolitano, Luigi / Palmieri, Alessandro

Archivio italiano di urologia, andrologia : organo ufficiale [di] Societa italiana di ecografia urologica e nefrologica

2024 Volume 96, Issue 1, Page(s) 12245

Abstract: To the Editor, Erectile dysfunction (ED) is one of the most prevalent conditions affecting men globally, with significant psychological and social consequences. The prevalence varies across different populations, and it is estimated around 50% in men ... ...

Abstract	To the Editor, Erectile dysfunction (ED) is one of the most prevalent conditions affecting men globally, with significant psychological and social consequences. The prevalence varies across different populations, and it is estimated around 50% in men aged between 40 to 70. The etiology of ED is multifactorial, involving a complex crosstalk between psychological, hormonal, neurogenic, vascular, and structural factors [...].
MeSH term(s)	Male ; Humans ; Adult ; Middle Aged ; Aged ; Erectile Dysfunction/etiology ; Erectile Dysfunction/therapy ; Erectile Dysfunction/epidemiology ; Iron
Chemical Substances	Iron (E1UOL152H7)
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-16
Publishing country	Italy
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1153526-x
ISSN	2282-4197 ; 1120-8538 ; 1124-3562
ISSN (online)	2282-4197
ISSN	1120-8538 ; 1124-3562
DOI	10.4081/aiua.2024.12245
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Article ; Online: Prefrontal Control of Proactive and Reactive Mechanisms of Visual Suppression.

Di Bello, Fabio / Ben Hadj Hassen, Sameh / Astrand, Elaine / Ben Hamed, Suliann

Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991)

2021 Volume 32, Issue 13, Page(s) 2745–2761

Abstract: In everyday life, we are continuously struggling at focusing on our current goals while at the same time avoiding distractions. Attention is the neuro-cognitive process devoted to the selection of behaviorally relevant sensory information while at the ... ...

Abstract	In everyday life, we are continuously struggling at focusing on our current goals while at the same time avoiding distractions. Attention is the neuro-cognitive process devoted to the selection of behaviorally relevant sensory information while at the same time preventing distraction by irrelevant information. Distraction can be prevented proactively, by strategically prioritizing task-relevant information at the expense of irrelevant information, or reactively, by suppressing the ongoing processing of distractors. The distinctive neuronal signature of these suppressive mechanisms is still largely unknown. Thanks to machine-learning decoding methods applied to prefrontal cortical activity, we monitor the dynamic spatial attention with an unprecedented spatial and temporal resolution. We first identify independent behavioral and neuronal signatures for long-term (learning-based spatial prioritization) and short-term (dynamic spatial attention) mechanisms. We then identify distinct behavioral and neuronal signatures for proactive and reactive suppression mechanisms. We find that while distracting task-relevant information is suppressed proactively, task-irrelevant information is suppressed reactively. Critically, we show that distractor suppression, whether proactive or reactive, strongly depends on the implementation of both long-term and short-term mechanisms of selection. Overall, we provide a unified neuro-cognitive framework describing how the prefrontal cortex deals with distractors in order to flexibly optimize behavior in dynamic environments.
MeSH term(s)	Attention/physiology ; Learning/physiology ; Neurons ; Prefrontal Cortex ; Reaction Time/physiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-11-04
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1077450-6
ISSN	1460-2199 ; 1047-3211
ISSN (online)	1460-2199
ISSN	1047-3211
DOI	10.1093/cercor/bhab378
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Article ; Online: Telemedicine and social media: A contemporary analysis of the most shared content by internet users.

Mirone, Vincenzo / Di Bello, Francesco / Morra, Simone / Califano, Gianluigi / Cirillo, Luigi / Abate, Marco / Fusco, Giovanni Maria / Luzzago, Stefano / Mirone, Claudia / Napolitano, Luigi / La Rocca, Roberto / Creta, Massimiliano / Celentano, Giuseppe / Capece, Marco / Musi, Gennaro / Mangiapia, Francesco / Longo, Nicola / Collà Ruvolo, Claudia

Archivio italiano di urologia, andrologia : organo ufficiale [di] Societa italiana di ecografia urologica e nefrologica

2024 Volume 96, Issue 1, Page(s) 11206

Abstract: Objective: To evaluate the telemedicine information published on the most popular social media platforms, during the second year of the COVID-19 pandemic.: Methods: We queried the BuzzSumo tool to identify related telemedicine article links that were ...

Abstract	Objective: To evaluate the telemedicine information published on the most popular social media platforms, during the second year of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: We queried the BuzzSumo tool to identify related telemedicine article links that were shared most on social media, from February 2021 to February 2022. The PEMAT-P was used for the quality assessment of the most shared links. Results: 125 links were eligible for the analysis. Facebook was the most used social media platform for sharing articles (median engagement: 1000). Most of the articles were published by magazines (n = 82, 65.6%) and the main topic addressed was general information (n = 49, 39.2%). In the subgroup analyses of the 34 most shared articles, Facebook was the most used social media platform (median engagement:1950), most of the articles were published by magazines (n = 24, 70.6%), whereas the main topic addressed was the prescription of the abortion pill (n = 9, 26.5%). According to the PEMAT-P tool, the median understandability and actionability score was 63.8 and 20%, respectively. Conclusions: The interest in telemedicine has increased all over the world, as evidenced by the high engagement in social media articles, recorded during the last year. However, the access to digital health services is still limited, the information provided is often not verified by an official entity and unable to fill the digital divide exacerbated by COVID 19 pandemic crisis. Hence, health policy should be developed or modified to ensure a more egalitarian Internet access for all citizens. Official medical institutions should standardize telemedicine regulation and online content to reduce the widespread of misleading information.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Social Media ; Pandemics ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; Telemedicine ; Digital Health ; Internet
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-03
Publishing country	Italy
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1153526-x
ISSN	2282-4197 ; 1120-8538 ; 1124-3562
ISSN (online)	2282-4197
ISSN	1120-8538 ; 1124-3562
DOI	10.4081/aiua.2024.11206
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Article ; Online: Sexual dysfunction: Time for a multidisciplinary approach?

Cirillo, Luigi / Fusco, Giovanni Maria / Di Bello, Francesco / Morgera, Vincenzo / Cacace, Gianluigi / Di Mauro, Ernesto / Mastrangelo, Francesco / Romano, Lorenzo / Calace, Francesco Paolo / La Rocca, Roberto / Napolitano, Luigi

Archivio italiano di urologia, andrologia : organo ufficiale [di] Societa italiana di ecografia urologica e nefrologica

2023 Volume 95, Issue 1, Page(s) 11236

Abstract: Sexual health impairment is one of the most important issues worldwide, with an increasing number of men and women affected. Specifically in male sexual dysfunction (SD), several risk factors were established such as atherosclerosis, hypertension, ... ...

Abstract	Sexual health impairment is one of the most important issues worldwide, with an increasing number of men and women affected. Specifically in male sexual dysfunction (SD), several risk factors were established such as atherosclerosis, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, smoking or obesity. The co-presence of more than one of risk factors identifies a condition, defined as the metabolic syndrome (MetS), related directly to the SD. However, not all the physicians involved in the MetS management routinely discussed the sexual impairment, increasing the bothering feelings of patients. Furthermore, the lack of knowledge, insufficient time, lack of attention, ambiguities about responsibility, insufficient training and experience, shared among physicians, regarding the communication and treatment of sexual dysfunction, are all reported factors involved in under-valuation of SD. The current paper represents a warning to the experts, with the aim of increasing the awareness of SD among clinicians and to promote the education, training and collaboration with sex therapists, through a multidisciplinary team, that can lead to a holistic approach in SD assessment and treatment.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Male ; Female ; Sexual Dysfunction, Physiological/etiology ; Sexual Dysfunction, Physiological/therapy ; Risk Factors ; Sexual Behavior ; Obesity/complications ; Physicians
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-15
Publishing country	Italy
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1153526-x
ISSN	2282-4197 ; 1120-8538 ; 1124-3562
ISSN (online)	2282-4197
ISSN	1120-8538 ; 1124-3562
DOI	10.4081/aiua.2023.11236
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