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Article ; Online: Are There Differences between the Stress Responses of Philippine Men and Women to the COVID-19 Pandemic?

Periyakoil, Divya / Periyakoil, Preethi / Tee, Cherica A / Spanos, Costas J / Diener-West, Marie / Tee, Michael / Prata, Ndola

International journal of environmental research and public health

2023 Volume 20, Issue 3

Abstract: The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has had a deleterious impact on human health since its beginning in 2019. The purpose of this study was to examine the psychosocial impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in the Philippines and determine if there were differential ... ...

Abstract	The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has had a deleterious impact on human health since its beginning in 2019. The purpose of this study was to examine the psychosocial impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in the Philippines and determine if there were differential impacts on women compared to men. A web-based survey was conducted in the Luzon Islands of the Philippines, during the pandemic quarantine. A total of 1879 participants completed online surveys between 28 March-12 April 2020. A bivariate analysis of both men and women for each psychological measure (stress, anxiety, depression, and impact of COVID-19) was conducted. Multivariable logistic regression models were built for each measure, dichotomized as high or low, separately for men and women. Younger age (
MeSH term(s)	Male ; Humans ; Female ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Pandemics ; Philippines/epidemiology ; Depression/psychology ; Mental Health ; Stress, Psychological/epidemiology ; Stress, Psychological/psychology ; Anxiety/epidemiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-28
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2175195-X
ISSN	1660-4601 ; 1661-7827
ISSN (online)	1660-4601
ISSN	1661-7827
DOI	10.3390/ijerph20032326
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Article ; Online: Understanding child disability: Factors associated with child disability at the Iganga-Mayuge Health and Demographic Surveillance Site in Uganda.

Zia, Nukhba / Bachani, Abdulgafoor M / Kajungu, Dan / Galiwango, Edward / Loeb, Mitchell / Diener-West, Marie / Wegener, Stephen / Pariyo, George / Hyder, Adnan A

PloS one

2022 Volume 17, Issue 4, Page(s) e0267182

Abstract: Introduction: There is scarcity of data on children with disabilities living in low-and-middle-income countries, including Uganda. This study describes disability prevalence and explores factors associated with different disability categories. It ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: There is scarcity of data on children with disabilities living in low-and-middle-income countries, including Uganda. This study describes disability prevalence and explores factors associated with different disability categories. It highlights the value of using a standardized, easy-to-use tool to determine disability in children and contextualizing disability in children in light of their developmental needs. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted between September 2018-January 2019 at the Iganga-Mayuge Health and Demographic Surveillance Site in Uganda. Respondents were caregivers of children between 5-17 years and were administered an in-depth Child Functioning Module (CFM). The outcome variable, disability, was defined as an ordered categorical variable with three categories-mild, moderate, and severe. Generalized ordered logit model was applied to explore factors associated with disability categories. Results: Out of 1,842 caregivers approached for the study, 1,439 (response: 78.1%) agreed to participate in the study. Out of these 1,439, some level of disability was reported by 67.89% (n = 977) of caregivers. Of these 977 children with disability, 48.01% (n = 692) had mild disability and 15.84% (n = 228) had moderate disability, while 3.96% (n = 57) had severe disability. The mean (SD) score for mild disability was 2.22±1.17, with a median of 2. The mean and median for moderate disability was 5.26±3.28 and 4 (IQR:3-6), and for severe disability was 14.23±9.51 and 12 (IQR:6-22). The most common disabilities reported were depression (54.83%) and anxiety (50.87%). Statistically significant association was found for completion of immunization status and school enrollment when controlled for a child's age, sex, having a primary caregiver, age of mother at child's birth, family system, family size and household wealth quintile. Conclusion: This study suggests association between incomplete immunization status and school enrollment for children with disability. These are areas for further exploration to ensure inclusive health and inclusive education of children with disabilities in Uganda.
MeSH term(s)	Caregivers ; Child ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Disabled Children ; Family Characteristics ; Humans ; Uganda/epidemiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-04-15
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	2267670-3
ISSN	1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
ISSN (online)	1932-6203
ISSN	1932-6203
DOI	10.1371/journal.pone.0267182
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Article ; Online: Primary chemoprevention of breast cancer: Are the adverse effects too burdensome?

Prasad, Vinay / Diener-West, Marie

CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne

2015 Volume 187, Issue 9, Page(s) E276–E278

MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Aged ; Androstadienes/adverse effects ; Antineoplastic Agents/adverse effects ; Breast Neoplasms/etiology ; Breast Neoplasms/mortality ; Breast Neoplasms/prevention & control ; Chemoprevention ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Risk Assessment ; Tamoxifen/adverse effects
Chemical Substances	Androstadienes ; Antineoplastic Agents ; Tamoxifen (094ZI81Y45) ; exemestane (NY22HMQ4BX)
Language	English
Publishing date	2015-03-23
Publishing country	Canada
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	215506-0
ISSN	1488-2329 ; 0008-4409 ; 0820-3946
ISSN (online)	1488-2329
ISSN	0008-4409 ; 0820-3946
DOI	10.1503/cmaj.141627
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Article ; Online: Mortality after deferral of treatment or no treatment for choroidal melanoma.

Straatsma, Bradley R / Diener-West, Marie / Caldwell, Robert / Engstrom, Robert E

Indian journal of ophthalmology

2018 Volume 66, Issue 10, Page(s) 1395–1400

Abstract: Purpose: To report mortality of patients who were eligible for enrollment in the Collaborative Ocular Melanoma Study (COMS) clinical trials of medium-sized choroidal melanoma or large-sized choroidal melanoma but chose to defer treatment or receive no ... ...

Abstract	Purpose: To report mortality of patients who were eligible for enrollment in the Collaborative Ocular Melanoma Study (COMS) clinical trials of medium-sized choroidal melanoma or large-sized choroidal melanoma but chose to defer treatment or receive no melanoma treatment. Design: Prospective nonrandomized multicenter cohort study as an adjunct to COMS randomized clinical trials. Methods: Patient follow-up procedures included examinations, correspondence, telephone contacts, and National Death Index searches. Primary outcome was patient death measured by all-cause mortality. Secondary outcomes were melanoma treatment and melanoma metastasis. Results: Of 77 patients eligible for COMS clinical trials who chose to defer or receive no melanoma treatment, 61 were appropriate candidates and 45 (74%) enrolled in the natural history study (NHS). In all, 42 patients (42 eyes) had medium melanoma, and the median follow-up was 5.3 years (range, 4-10.7 years). In all, 22 patients (52%) had subsequent melanoma treatment, and 20 (48%) had no melanoma treatment. For the 42 patients, Kaplan-Meier estimate of 5-year mortality was approximately 30% [95% confidence interval (CI), 18%-47%]. For COMS medium melanoma trial, 5-year mortality was 18% (95% CI, 16%-20%), not statistically significantly different from the NHS patients. After adjusting for differences in age and longest basal diameter, the 5-year risk of death for NHS patients versus COMS trial patients was 1.54 (95% CI, 0.93-2.56). Three patients had large melanoma. Melanoma metastasis was confirmed or suspected in 8 (42%) of 19 deaths. Conclusion: Greater mortality and higher risk of death for NHS patients are probative but not conclusive evidence of a beneficial, life-extending effect of medium melanoma treatment.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Choroid Neoplasms/mortality ; Choroid Neoplasms/pathology ; Choroid Neoplasms/therapy ; Eye Enucleation ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Melanoma/mortality ; Melanoma/pathology ; Melanoma/therapy ; Middle Aged ; Prospective Studies ; Survival Rate ; Withholding Treatment
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-07-21
Publishing country	India
Document type	Journal Article ; Multicenter Study
ZDB-ID	187392-1
ISSN	1998-3689 ; 0301-4738
ISSN (online)	1998-3689
ISSN	0301-4738
DOI	10.4103/ijo.IJO_1499_18
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Article ; Online: Personal protective equipment use during industrial hog operation work activities and acute lung function changes in a prospective worker cohort, North Carolina 2014-2015.

Coffman, Vanessa R / Hall, Devon J / Pisanic, Nora / Nadimpalli, Maya / McCormack, Meredith / Diener-West, Marie / Davis, Meghan F / Heaney, Christopher D

American journal of industrial medicine

2021 Volume 64, Issue 8, Page(s) 688–698

Abstract: Introduction: Occupational activities related to industrial hog operation (IHO) worker lung function are not well defined. Therefore, we aimed to identify IHO work activities associated with diminished respiratory function and the effectiveness, if any, ...

Abstract	Introduction: Occupational activities related to industrial hog operation (IHO) worker lung function are not well defined. Therefore, we aimed to identify IHO work activities associated with diminished respiratory function and the effectiveness, if any, of personal protective equipment (PPE) use on IHOs. Methods: From 2014 to 2015, 103 IHO workers were enrolled and followed for 16 weeks. At each biweekly visit, work activities and PPE use were self-reported via questionnaire and lung function measurements were collected via spirometry. Generalized linear and linear fixed-effects models were fitted to cross-sectional and longitudinal data. Results: Increasing years worked on an IHO were associated with diminished lung function, but baseline and longitudinal work activities were largely inconsistent in direction and magnitude. Unexpectedly, a -0.3 L (95% confidence interval: -0.6, -0.04) difference in forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV Conclusions: Similar to past studies, baseline estimates were likely obscured by healthy worker effect bias, but showed decrements in worker lung function as years of work increased. A challenge to disentangling the effect of work activities on lung function was the discovery that IHO workers used PPE differently according to the work task. These data suggest that interventions may be targeted toward improving barn conditions so that workers can consistently utilize IHO-provided PPE.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Lung ; North Carolina ; Occupational Exposure ; Personal Protective Equipment ; Prospective Studies ; Swine
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-06-06
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
ZDB-ID	604538-8
ISSN	1097-0274 ; 0271-3586
ISSN (online)	1097-0274
ISSN	0271-3586
DOI	10.1002/ajim.23260
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Article ; Online: Survival after Breast-Conserving Surgery with Whole Breast or Partial Breast Irradiation in Women with Early Stage Breast Cancer: A SEER Data-base Analysis.

Grover, Surbhi / Nurkic, Sommer / Diener-West, Marie / Showalter, Shayna L

The breast journal

2017 Volume 23, Issue 3, Page(s) 292–298

Abstract: Randomized clinical trials have demonstrated equivalency in survival outcomes for early stage breast cancer patients treated with either mastectomy or breast-conserving surgery (BCS) with radiation. Recent, state-level data confirm comparable survival ... ...

Abstract	Randomized clinical trials have demonstrated equivalency in survival outcomes for early stage breast cancer patients treated with either mastectomy or breast-conserving surgery (BCS) with radiation. Recent, state-level data confirm comparable survival outcomes. Using Surveillance Epidemiology and End Research (SEER) data, we sought to evaluate survival outcomes among patients with early stage breast cancer treated with mastectomy, BCS with whole breast irradiation (BCS + WBI), or BCS with accelerated partial breast irradiation (BCS + APBI). Data on women 50 years or older diagnosed with a node negative invasive breast cancer (≤3 cm in size) between 1995 and 2009 were extracted from the SEER data base. Women treated with mastectomy alone or BCS with radiation were eligible for analysis. Kaplan-Meier estimates and Cox proportional hazard models were used to compare overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) among the treatment groups. 150,171 women fulfilled inclusion criteria. OS was significantly improved among women treated with BCS and WBI or BCS and APBI compared to mastectomy alone. Adjusted hazard ratios for death in BCS with WBI or APBI (versus mastectomy alone) were 0.73 (95% CI: 0.71, 0.76) and 0.68 (95% CI: 0.58, 0.79), respectively. Adjusted CSS was also significantly improved in patients treated with BCS and WBI (HR 0.80, 95% CI: 0.76, 0.85) as compared to mastectomy. BCS with radiation (WBI or APBI) was associated with significantly improved OS and CSS, versus mastectomy alone. These results support the use of BCS with WBI or APBI (in well selected patients) for the treatment of breast cancer.
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-05
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1289960-4
ISSN	1524-4741 ; 1075-122X
ISSN (online)	1524-4741
ISSN	1075-122X
DOI	10.1111/tbj.12729
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Article ; Online: Assessing Residential Exposure to Microbes from Industrial Hog Operations in Rural North Carolina: Methods and Lessons Learned.

Coffman, Vanessa R / Hall, Devon J / Pisanic, Nora / Wiesner-Friedman, Corinne / Rogers, Shane / Rule, Ana / McCormack, Meredith / Diener-West, Marie / Davis, Meghan F / Heaney, Christopher D

Progress in community health partnerships : research, education, and action

2022 Volume 16, Issue 1, Page(s) 61–72

Abstract: Background: Recent advances in molecular source tracking make answering questions from residents regarding their exposure to microbial contaminants from industrial hog operations (IHOs) possible. Associations between residential distance to IHOs and ... ...

Abstract	Background: Recent advances in molecular source tracking make answering questions from residents regarding their exposure to microbial contaminants from industrial hog operations (IHOs) possible. Associations between residential distance to IHOs and exposure can be addressed by measuring livestock-associated (Staphylococcus aureus) and pig-specific bacteria in the air, on household surfaces, and in participants' nasal and saliva swabs. Objectives: Here we assess the mechanics, feasibility, capacity-building, and lessons learned during a pilot study employing this novel technology in community-based participatory research of bacterial exposure and human health. Methods: Together, our team of academics and community members designed a field- and laboratory-based pilot study. Air samples, surface and human swabs, and questionnaires from households at varying distances from IHOs were collected. Data were assessed for completeness and quality by two independent reviewers. These metrics were defined as: missingness (completeness), incorrect data type (validity), out of range (validity), and outliers (accuracy). Lessons learned: While critical field equipment was obtained, and knowledge exchange occurred, leading to an increased capacity for future work, after review, 38 of 49 households were deemed eligible for inclusion in the study. Of eligible participants, 98% of required electronic survey questions were complete and 100% were valid; an improvement over prior work which employed paper surveys. While all human microbial and air samples were collected from eligible households (n = 231), (5%) of environmental swabs were reported missing. Conclusions: Using community-appropriate sampling protocols, a pilot study of residential exposure to bacteria from IHOs was completed. While high-quality data was collected from those eligible, we learned the necessity of early and continual data review.
MeSH term(s)	Animal Husbandry ; Animals ; Community-Based Participatory Research ; Humans ; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus ; North Carolina/epidemiology ; Pilot Projects ; Swine
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-03-25
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
ZDB-ID	2275483-0
ISSN	1557-055X ; 1557-0541
ISSN (online)	1557-055X
ISSN	1557-0541
DOI	10.1353/cpr.2022.0006
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Article: The use of personal protective equipment during common industrial hog operation work activities and acute lung function changes in a prospective worker cohort, North Carolina, USA.

Coffman, Vanessa R / Hall, Devon J / Pisanic, Nora / Nadimpalli, Maya / McCormack, Meredith / Diener-West, Marie / Davis, Meghan F / Heaney, Christopher D

medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences

2020

Abstract: Introduction: As occupational activities related to acute industrial hog operation (IHO) worker lung function are not well defined, we aimed to identify IHO work activities associated with diminished respiratory function and the effectiveness, if any, ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: As occupational activities related to acute industrial hog operation (IHO) worker lung function are not well defined, we aimed to identify IHO work activities associated with diminished respiratory function and the effectiveness, if any, of personal protective equipment (PPE) on IHOs. Methods: From 2014-2015, 103 IHO workers were enrolled and followed for 16 weeks. At each bi-weekly visit, lung function measurements were collected via spirometry and work activities and PPE use were self-reported via questionnaire. Generalized linear and linear fixed-effects models were fitted to cross-sectional and longitudinal data. Results: At baseline, increasing years worked on an IHO were associated with diminished lung function, but other activities were less consistent in direction and magnitude. In longitudinal models, only reports of working in feeding/finisher barns, showed a consistent association. However, a -0.3 L (95% confidence interval: -0.6, -0.04) difference in FEV Conclusions: Similar to past studies, baseline estimates were likely obscured by healthy worker bias. Also making it challenging to disentangle the effect of work activities on lung function was the discovery that IHO workers used PPE differently according to work task. These data suggest that interventions may be targeted toward improving barn conditions so that workers can consistently utilize IHO-provided PPE. Key messages: What is already known about this subject?:
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-11-04
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Preprint
DOI	10.1101/2020.11.03.20205252
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Article ; Online: Adaptation and validation of UNICEF/Washington group child functioning module at the Iganga-Mayuge health and demographic surveillance site in Uganda.

Zia, Nukhba / Loeb, Mitchell / Kajungu, Dan / Galiwango, Edward / Diener-West, Marie / Wegener, Stephan / Pariyo, George / Hyder, Adnan A / Bachani, Abdulgafoor M

BMC public health

2020 Volume 20, Issue 1, Page(s) 1334

Abstract: Background: The UNICEF/Washington Group Child Functioning Module (CFM) assesses child functioning among children between 5 and 17 years of age. This study adapted and validated the CFM at the Iganga-Mayuge Health and Demographic Surveillance Site (IM- ... ...

Abstract	Background: The UNICEF/Washington Group Child Functioning Module (CFM) assesses child functioning among children between 5 and 17 years of age. This study adapted and validated the CFM at the Iganga-Mayuge Health and Demographic Surveillance Site (IM-HDSS) in Uganda. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted between September 2018-January 2019 at the IM-HDSS. Respondents were caregivers of children between 5 and 17 years of age who were administered modified Washington Group short set (mWG-SS) and CFM. The responses were recorded on a 4-point Likert scale. Descriptive analysis was conducted on child and caregiver demographic characteristics. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) assessed underlying factor structure, dimensionality and factor loadings. Cronbach's alpha was reported as an assessment of internal consistency. Face validity was assessed during the translation process, and concurrent validity of CFM was assessed through comparison with disability short form. Results: Out of 1842 caregivers approached, 1439 (78.1%) participated in the study. Mean age of children was 11.06 ± 3.59 years, 51.4% were males, and 86.1% had a primary caregiver. Based on EFA, vision, hearing, walking, self-care, communication, learning, remembering, concentrating, accepting change, behavior control, and making friends loaded on factor 1 - "Motor and Cognition," while anxiety and depression loaded on factor 2 - "Mood". Cronbach's alpha for the overall CFM was 0.899 (good internal consistency). Cronbach's alpha for each extracted factor was excellent, motor and cognition (0.904), and mood (0.902). CFM had acceptable face validity. Spearman's rank correlation between scores of CFM and modified WG short set was 0.51 (p-value < 0.001). The overall mean CFM score was 2.47 ± 3.82 out of 39. The mean score for Mood (1.35 ± 1.42 out of 6) was higher compared to Motor and Cognition (1.12 ± 3.06 out of 33). Comparing modified WG short set and CFM Likert responses, the percent agreement was greatest for "cannot do at all." Conclusion: CFM is a two-factor, valid and reliable scale for assessing disability in Uganda and can be applied to other similar settings to contribute towards disability data from the region. It is an easy-to-administer tool that can help in deeper understanding of context-specific burden and extent of disability in children between 5 and 17 years of age.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Adult ; Affect ; Caregivers ; Child ; Cognition ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Disability Evaluation ; Disabled Children/statistics & numerical data ; Factor Analysis, Statistical ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Motor Activity ; Reproducibility of Results ; Uganda/epidemiology ; United Nations
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-09-01
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2041338-5
ISSN	1471-2458 ; 1471-2458
ISSN (online)	1471-2458
ISSN	1471-2458
DOI	10.1186/s12889-020-09455-1
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Article ; Online: Measuring child functioning: Assessing correlation and agreement between caregiver and child responses at the Iganga-Mayuge health and demographic surveillance site in Uganda.

Zia, Nukhba / Bachani, Abdulgafoor M / Kajungu, Dan / Galiwango, Edward / Loeb, Mitchell / Diener-West, Marie / Wegener, Stephen / Pariyo, George / Hyder, Adnan A

Disability and health journal

2020 Volume 14, Issue 2, Page(s) 101022

Abstract: Introduction: Empirical data is scare on assessment of concordance between caregiver-child responses on child functioning.: Objective: To assess correlation and agreement between children (11-17 years old) and their caregivers' responses to the ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: Empirical data is scare on assessment of concordance between caregiver-child responses on child functioning. Objective: To assess correlation and agreement between children (11-17 years old) and their caregivers' responses to the UNICEF/Washington Group Child Functioning Module (CFM) at the Iganga-Mayuge Health and Demographic Surveillance Site (IM-HDSS) in Uganda. Methods: CFM with 24-questions corresponding to 13 domains of functioning was administered to children between 11 and 17 years of age and their caregivers. Descriptive analyses of the child/caregiver responses were conducted. Correlation and agreement between caregiver and child responses were assessed. Results: Of the 217 caregiver/child pairs eligible for this study, 181 pairs agreed to participate (83.4%). The mean age of children was 13.9 ± 1.9 years, and 56.4% were males. Cronbach's alpha was 0.892 and 0.886 for the caregiver and child versions of CFM respectively, showing good internal consistency in both. There was a significant overall agreement between mean score of caregiver (5.36 ± 5.63 out of 39) and child (5.45 ± 5.34) pairs. Spearman's rank correlation between the pairs was 0.806 (strong positive correlation). Bland-Altman plots for CFM scores showed greater agreement between caregiver and child at lower scores. Percentage agreement between the pairs for overall disability was greater for mild (83.53%) and moderate (79.37%) categories as compared to the severe (66.67%) category. There was substantial agreement (kappa 0.623) for overall disability between the pairs. Conclusion: This study indicates that there is significant correlation and agreement between self-reported caregiver-child pair responses, opening the way for considering children as CFM respondents, when possible.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Caregivers ; Child ; Demography ; Disabled Persons ; Family ; Humans ; Male ; Uganda
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-11-14
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	2414615-8
ISSN	1876-7583 ; 1936-6574
ISSN (online)	1876-7583
ISSN	1936-6574
DOI	10.1016/j.dhjo.2020.101022
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