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Article ; Online: Common anti-oxidant vitamin C as an anti-infective agent with remedial role on SARS-CoV-2 infection. An update

Christos Michailides / Dimitrios Velissaris

Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease (2021)

2021

Abstract: Coronavirus disease -2019 (COVID-19) has led to a worldwide multifaceted crisis. The medical world agonizes to contend with the problem, but a string of tested medications has been proven unavailing. Vitamin C is well described as a salutary antioxidant ... ...

Abstract	Coronavirus disease -2019 (COVID-19) has led to a worldwide multifaceted crisis. The medical world agonizes to contend with the problem, but a string of tested medications has been proven unavailing. Vitamin C is well described as a salutary antioxidant and some trials conclude that it may be a potential antiviral drug. In high doses, Vitamin C can alternate crucial steps in the pathogenesis of sepsis and acute respiratory distress syndrome. This dynamic was the driving force behind trials around the world that tried immunonutrition as a weapon against clinical entities. We summarize the mechanisms of action of Vitamin C and its role against infections and the current literature referring to the potential role of Vitamin C in SARS-CoV-2 infection, also as a contingent treatment agent.
Keywords	SARS-CoV-2 infection ; Vitamin C ; COVID-19 treatment ; Medicine ; R
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-07-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	PAGEPress Publications
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) in the emergency department

Dimitrios Velissaris / Nicholas Zareifopoulos / Vasileios Karamouzos / Charalampos Pierrakos / Menelaos Karanikolas

Caspian Journal of Internal Medicine, Vol 13, Iss 4, Pp 650-

An update

2022 Volume 665

Abstract: Background: The biomarker soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) is an indicator of inflammation which is increased in a variety of chronic and acute disease states. Its most promising application in the emergency setting is to aid in ... ...

Abstract	Background: The biomarker soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR) is an indicator of inflammation which is increased in a variety of chronic and acute disease states. Its most promising application in the emergency setting is to aid in the prognostic stratification of patients by identifying those at high risk of deterioration. This is a narrative review of studies evaluating the use of suPAR Methods: We conducted a Medline search for studies on the use of suPAR in patients acutely admitted to the emergency department. Results: 25 original studies were included in the review. suPAR as a marker of inflammation has been used alone or combined to other inflammatory biomarkers in the assessment of patients suffering from various acute and chronic diseases in an emergency setting. As it is non-specific, it may increase in infectious disease, malignancy or acute coronary syndromes among other conditions, but quantitative suPAR levels correlate with disease severity. It may be useful for the identification of high risk patients regardless of underlying pathology. Conclusion: As the ideal biomarker in the emergency setting has not been identified yet, suPAR may be a promising addition to the established biomarkers for the initial assessment of patients in this setting. Additional research is necessary to evaluate the usefulness of suPAR guided management algorithms.
Keywords	supar ; biomarker ; emergency department ; mortaliti ; infection ; sepsis ; Internal medicine ; RC31-1245
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-09-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Babol University of Medical Sciences
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: High flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy in adults with COVID-19 respiratory failure. A case report

Vasileios Karamouzos / Fotini Fligou / Charalambos Gogos / Dimitrios Velissaris

Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease, Vol 90, Iss

2020 Volume 2

Abstract: The novel corona virus (SARS-CoV-2) continuous to spread around the globe causing high mortality, tremendous stress on healthcare systems and an unprecedented disruption of everyday life with unpredictable socioeconomic ramifications. The diseaseis ... ...

Abstract	The novel corona virus (SARS-CoV-2) continuous to spread around the globe causing high mortality, tremendous stress on healthcare systems and an unprecedented disruption of everyday life with unpredictable socioeconomic ramifications. The diseaseis typically affecting the respiratory system and some patients will develop refractory hypoxemic respiratory insufficiency requiring mechanical ventilation. The role of non-invasive ventilation (NIV), high flow nasal cannula (HFNC) or continuous positive airway pressure devices (C-PAP) in the treatment of the 2019 corona virus disease (COVID-19) is not yet clear. We hereby report a case of a 44-year-old COVID-19 positive male patient suffering from hypoxic respiratory failure that was successfully treated with high flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy in a negative pressure intensive care room. Although specific criteria for the use of high flow nasal canula devices COVID-19 are not available at this time, clinicians could use this non-invasive modality as analternative method of respiratory support in selected patients presenting with respiratory failure.
Keywords	SARS-CoV-2 ; COVID-19 ; high flow nasal cannula ; Medicine ; R ; covid19
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-06-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	PAGEPress Publications
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: The Role of High Flow Nasal Oxygen in the Management of Severe COVID-19

Themistoklis Paraskevas / Eleousa Oikonomou / Maria Lagadinou / Vasileios Karamouzos / Nikolaos Zareifopoulos / Despoina Spyropoulou / Dimitrios Velissaris

Acta Médica Portuguesa, Vol 35, Iss 6, Pp 476-

A Systematic Review

2022 Volume 483

Abstract: Introduction: Oxygen therapy remains the cornerstone for managing patients with severe SARS-CoV-2 infection and several modalities of non-invasive ventilation are used worldwide. High-flow oxygen via nasal canula is one therapeutic option which may in ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: Oxygen therapy remains the cornerstone for managing patients with severe SARS-CoV-2 infection and several modalities of non-invasive ventilation are used worldwide. High-flow oxygen via nasal canula is one therapeutic option which may in certain cases prevent the need of mechanical ventilation. The aim of this review is to summarize the current evidence on the use of high-flow nasal oxygen in patients with severe SARS-CoV-2 infection. Material and Methods: We conducted a systematic literature search of the databases PubMed and Cochrane Library until April 2021 using the following search terms: “high flow oxygen and COVID-19” and “high flow nasal and COVID-19’’. Results: Twenty-three articles were included in this review, in four of which prone positioning was used as an adjunctive measure. Most of the articles were cohort studies or case series. High-flow nasal oxygen therapy was associated with a reduced need for invasive ventilation compared to conventional oxygen therapy and led to an improvement in secondary clinical outcomes such as length of stay. The efficacy of high-flow nasal oxygen therapy was comparable to that of other non-invasive ventilation options, but its tolerability is likely higher. Failure of this modality was associated with increased mortality. Conclusion: High flow nasal oxygen is an established option for respiratory support in COVID-19 patients. Further investigation is required to quantify its efficacy and utility in preventing the requirement of invasive ventilation.
Keywords	cannula ; covid-19 ; critical care ; noninvasive ventilation ; oxygen/therapeutic use ; respiration ; artificial ; respiratory distress ; syndrome ; Medicine ; R ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-06-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Ordem dos Médicos
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Intubation and mechanical ventilation of patients with COVID-19

Nicholas Zareifopoulos / Maria Lagadinou / Anastasia Karela / Gerasimos Karantzogiannis / Dimitrios Velissaris

Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease, Vol 90, Iss

what should we tell them?

2020 Volume 1

Abstract: Severe COVID-19 illness is characterised by the development of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS), for which the mainstay of treatment is represented by mechanical ventilation. Mortality associated with ARDS due to other causes is in the range of ...

Abstract	Severe COVID-19 illness is characterised by the development of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS), for which the mainstay of treatment is represented by mechanical ventilation. Mortality associated with ARDS due to other causes is in the range of 40-60%, but currently available data are not yet sufficient to draw safe conclusions on the prognosis of COVID-19 patients who require mechanical ventilation. Based on data from cohorts of the related coronavirus-associated illnesses, that is to say Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS), prognosis would seem to be worse than ARDS due to other causes such as trauma and other infections. Discussion of prognosis is central to obtaining informed consent for intubation, but in the absence of definitive data it is not clear exactly what this discussion should entail.
Keywords	COVID-19 ; SARS-CoV-2 ; critical care ; mechanical ventilation ; intubation ; Medicine ; R ; covid19
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-04-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	PAGEPress Publications
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: “When,” “Where,” and “How” of SARS-CoV-2 Infection Affects the Human Cardiovascular System

Nicholas G. Kounis / Christos Gogos / Cesare de Gregorio / Ming-Yow Hung / Sophia N. Kounis / Efthymios P. Tsounis / Stelios F. Assimakopoulos / Soheila Pourmasumi / Virginia Mplani / George Servos / Periklis Dousdampanis / Panagiotis Plotas / Marina A. Michalaki / Grigorios Tsigkas / Gerasimos Grammatikopoulos / Dimitrios Velissaris / Ioanna Koniar

Balkan Medical Journal, Vol 41, Iss 1, Pp 7-

A Narrative Review

2024 Volume 22

Abstract: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by the novel severe acute respiratory coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). Several explanations for the development of cardiovascular complications during and after acute COVID-19 infection have been hypothesized. The ...

Abstract	Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by the novel severe acute respiratory coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). Several explanations for the development of cardiovascular complications during and after acute COVID-19 infection have been hypothesized. The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by SARS-CoV-2, has emerged as one of the deadliest pandemics in modern history. The myocardial injury in COVID-19 patients has been associated with coronary spasm, microthrombi formation, plaque rupture, hypoxic injury, or cytokine storm, which have the same pathophysiology as the three clinical variants of Kounis syndrome. The angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), renin-aldosterone system (RAAS), and kinin-kallikrein system are the main proposed mechanisms contributing to cardiovascular complications with the COVID-19 infection. ACE receptors can be found in the heart, blood vessels, endothelium, lungs, intestines, testes, neurons, and other human body parts. SARS-CoV-2 directly invades the endothelial cells with ACE2 receptors and constitutes the main pathway through which the virus enters the endothelial cells. This causes angiotensin II accumulation downregulation of the ACE2 receptors, resulting in prothrombotic effects, such as hemostatic imbalance via activation of the coagulation cascade, impaired fibrinolysis, thrombin generation, vasoconstriction, endothelial and platelet activation, and pro-inflammatory cytokine release. The KKS system typically causes vasodilation and regulates tissue repair, inflammation, cell proliferation, and platelet aggregation, but SARS-CoV-2 infection impairs such counterbalancing effects. This cascade results in cardiac arrhythmias, cardiac arrest, cardiomyopathy, cytokine storm, heart failure, ischemic myocardial injuries, microvascular disease, Kounis syndrome, prolonged COVID, myocardial fibrosis, myocarditis, new-onset hypertension, pericarditis, postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome, pulmonary hypertension, stroke, Takotsubo syndrome, venous thromboembolism, and thrombocytopenia. In this ...
Keywords	Medicine ; R
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Galenos Publishing House
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Management of COVID-19

Nicholas Zareifopoulos / Maria Lagadinou / Anastasia Karela / Christina Platanaki / Gerasimos Karantzogiannis / Dimitrios Velissaris

Monaldi Archives for Chest Disease, Vol 90, Iss

the risks associated with treatment are clear, but the benefits remain uncertain

2020 Volume 2

Abstract: Even though the early reports from China provided advance warning of what was to come, the COVID-19 pandemic has spread throughout the world with devastating consequences. Emergency measures are being implemented to reduce the magnitude of the public ... ...

Abstract	Even though the early reports from China provided advance warning of what was to come, the COVID-19 pandemic has spread throughout the world with devastating consequences. Emergency measures are being implemented to reduce the magnitude of the public health crisis, prevent healthcare facilities from becoming overwhelmed and reduce the death toll of the disease. Containment strategies to mitigate viral transmission and emergency measures to increase the capacity of each country to provide intensive care are at the forefront of the public health management of the epidemic, even though the detrimental social and psychological effects of quarantine are evident on a global scale. Optimal management of critically ill patients with COVID-19 is also unclear, and the initial suggestion for early intubation as in typical ARDS may have caused significant harm. The management of mild cases of confirmed infection is another point of controversy, as drugs which may be repurposed for COVID-19 treatment have significant, potentially irreversible toxic effects and their use in mild cases of a viral illness which is typically self-limited may be harmful.
Keywords	COVID-19 ; SARS-CoV-2 ; critical care ; mechanical ventilation ; chloroquine ; Medicine ; R ; covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-05-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	PAGEPress Publications
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Acute Acalculous Cholecystitis Associated with Epstein–Barr Infection

Konstantinos Ntelis / Dimosthenis Mazarakis / Apostolos Sapountzis / Dimitra Zissi / Sophia Sparangi / Nikoletta Xidia / Dimitrios Velissaris

Case Reports in Medicine, Vol

A Case Report and Review of the Literature

2020 Volume 2020

Abstract: The most common cause of acute cholecystitis (ACC) is cholelithiasis. Acute acalculous cholecystitis (AAC) is well documented in the literature related with critical illness, but viral causes such as cytomegalovirus (CMV) and Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) ... ...

Abstract	The most common cause of acute cholecystitis (ACC) is cholelithiasis. Acute acalculous cholecystitis (AAC) is well documented in the literature related with critical illness, but viral causes such as cytomegalovirus (CMV) and Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) have also been reported. We present a rare manifestation of EBV infection, reporting a case of a 15-year-old female suffering from acute acalulous cholecystitis, and we review the relevant literature. Clinicians should be aware of this rare complication of EBV infection and properly exclude it in young patients with cholecystitis.
Keywords	Medicine ; R
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Hindawi Limited
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Perineal colostomy

Francesk Mulita / Konstantinos Tepetes / Georgios-Ioannis Verras / Elias Liolis / Levan Tchabashvili / Charalampos Kaplanis / Ioannis Perdikaris / Dimitrios Velissaris / Ioannis Maroulis

Gastroenterology Review, Vol 17, Iss 2, Pp 89-

advantages and disadvantages

2021 Volume 95

Abstract: The perineal colostomy is a reconstruction method performed after abdominoperineal resection for rectal malignancy. In this technique, the permanent colostomy is not placed in the left quadrant of the abdomen, but in the perineum. According to the ... ...

Abstract	The perineal colostomy is a reconstruction method performed after abdominoperineal resection for rectal malignancy. In this technique, the permanent colostomy is not placed in the left quadrant of the abdomen, but in the perineum. According to the literature, this technique provides many advantages such as a higher degree of satisfaction and greater quality of life to patients. Although this method could be a good option in selected patients, physicians should always be aware of the disadvantages of perineal colostomy.
Keywords	perineal colostomy ; advantages ; quality of life ; Medicine ; R
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-10-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Termedia Publishing House
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Kounis Syndrome—not a Single-organ Arterial Disorder but a Multisystem and Multidisciplinary Disease

Nicholas G. Kounis / Ioanna Koniari / Dimitrios Velissaris / George Tzanis / George Hahalis

Balkan Medical Journal, Vol 36, Iss 4, Pp 212-

2019 Volume 221

Abstract: Coronary symptoms associated with conditions related to mast cell activation and inflammatory cell interactions, such as those involving T-lymphocytes and macrophages, further inducing allergic, hypersensitivity, anaphylactic, or anaphylactic insults, ... ...

Abstract	Coronary symptoms associated with conditions related to mast cell activation and inflammatory cell interactions, such as those involving T-lymphocytes and macrophages, further inducing allergic, hypersensitivity, anaphylactic, or anaphylactic insults, are currently referred to as the Kounis syndrome. Kounis syndrome is caused by inflammatory mediators released during allergic insults, post-inflammatory cell activation, and interactions via multidirectional stimuli. A platelet subset of 20% with high- and low-affinity IgE surface receptors is also involved in this process. Kounis syndrome is not just a single-organ but also a complex multisystem and multi-organ arterial clinical condition; it affects the coronary, mesenteric, and cerebral arteries and is accompanied by allergy–hypersensitivity–anaphylaxis involving the skin, respiratory, and vascular systems in the context of anesthesia, surgery, radiology, oncology, or even dental and psychiatric medicine; further, it has significantly influences both morbidity and mortality. Kounis syndrome might be caused by numerous and continuously increasing causes, with broad clinical symptoms and signs, via multi-organ arterial system involvement, in patients of any age, thereby demonstrating predominant anaphylactic features in terms of a wide spectrum of mast cell-association disorders. Cardiac symptoms, such as chest pain, coronary vasospasm, angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, stent thrombosis, acute cardiac failure, and sudden cardiac death associated with subclinical, clinical, acute, or chronic allergic reactions, constitute the clinical manifestations of this syndrome. Since its first description, a common pathway between allergic and non-allergic coronary events has been demonstrated. The hypothesis is based on the existence of a much higher degree of mast cell degranulation at plaque erosion or rupture sites compared with at the adjacent areas or even more distant segments in post-acute myocardial infarction of non-allergic etiology. Although mast cell ...
Keywords	anaphylaxis ; hypersensitivity ; Allergy ; Kounis syndrome ; Medicine ; R
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-07-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Galenos Publishing House
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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