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  1. Article ; Online: Digital tool assessment for the community management of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis in Yiwu city, China: evidence from real world data in 2020.

    Zhou, Lin / Zhou, Yuli / Ding, Yunfang / Peng, Ying / Wang, Wei / Chen, Bin / Gong, Shuiying / Liu, Kui / Dong, Xuanjun

    Frontiers in public health

    2024  Volume 11, Page(s) 1320904

    Abstract: Background: High-quality medication compliance is critical for the cure of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB); however, the implementation of directly observed treatment (DOT) under direct interview still faces huge difficulties. Assessment of the effect of ... ...

    Abstract Background: High-quality medication compliance is critical for the cure of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB); however, the implementation of directly observed treatment (DOT) under direct interview still faces huge difficulties. Assessment of the effect of digital tool during community management has not been performed in eastern China.
    Methods: All drug-sensitive PTB cases notified in Yiwu city from June to December 2020 were divided into the routine group and digital tool group based on patients' willingness. The variables influencing the on-time completion level of home visits, medication adherence and treatment outcomes were estimated.
    Results: A total of 599 eligible patients were enrolled, with 268 participating in the routine group and 331 using a digital tool. Most participants were men (
    Conclusion: Digital tools can be employed to improve the on-time completion rate of home visits in Yiwu city. Further large-scale studies that use digital tools for community management are warranted.
    MeSH term(s) Male ; Humans ; Young Adult ; Adult ; Middle Aged ; Female ; China/epidemiology ; Medication Adherence ; Patients ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/drug therapy ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/epidemiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-08
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2711781-9
    ISSN 2296-2565 ; 2296-2565
    ISSN (online) 2296-2565
    ISSN 2296-2565
    DOI 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1320904
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Characteristics of pediatric invasive pneumococcal diseases and the pneumococcal isolates in Suzhou, China before introduction of PCV13.

    Zhang, Xiyan / Tian, Jianmei / Shan, Wei / Xue, Jian / Tao, Yunzhen / Geng, Qian / Ding, Yunfang / Zhao, Genming / Zhang, Tao

    Vaccine

    2017  Volume 35, Issue 33, Page(s) 4119–4125

    Abstract: Background: Data on characteristics of invasive pneumococcal diseases (IPD) is limited in China. We aimed to understand the clinical features and explore the molecular characteristics of the pneumococcal isolates in China.: Methods: Since 2010, we ... ...

    Abstract Background: Data on characteristics of invasive pneumococcal diseases (IPD) is limited in China. We aimed to understand the clinical features and explore the molecular characteristics of the pneumococcal isolates in China.
    Methods: Since 2010, we prospectively collected the pneumococcal isolates and the IPD patients' demographic and clinical information in Suzhou University Affiliated Children's Hospital (SCH). The antibiotic susceptibility, serotypes, genotypes of Streptococcus pneumoniae strains were identified by E-test, quellung reaction and/or multiplex PCR, and multi-locus sequence typing, respectively.
    Results: During the period from January 2010 to December 2015, a total of 80 IPD patients were identified. They were diagnosed as meningitis (31.3%), septicemia (27.5%), pneumonia (21.3%) and others (20.0%). About half of them required vancomycin treatment, 42.5% were admitted to ICUs, 36.2% had complications and 6.2% were hospitalized for over 1year. The most common serotypes of the pneumococcal isolates were serotypes 6B and 14, the coverage of PCV13 was 92.5%, and CC236s and CC199s were the most common clone complexes.
    Conclusions: Pediatric IPD patients had severe clinical symptoms, demanded intensive treatment, suffered poor prognosis and substantial burden. The pneumococcal isolates' serotype coverage of PCV13 vaccine was high, which leads to implication of PCV vaccine usage among children in China.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-07-24
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 605674-x
    ISSN 1873-2518 ; 0264-410X
    ISSN (online) 1873-2518
    ISSN 0264-410X
    DOI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2017.06.046
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Clinical characteristics and direct medical cost of respiratory syncytial virus infection in children hospitalized in Suzhou, China.

    Zhang, Tao / Zhu, Qiuli / Zhang, Xuelan / Ding, Yunfang / Steinhoff, Mark / Black, Steven / Zhao, Genming

    The Pediatric infectious disease journal

    2014  Volume 33, Issue 4, Page(s) 337–341

    Abstract: Background: There have been few studies on children hospitalized with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) published from mainland China. We performed a retrospective review of medical charts to describe the epidemiology, clinical features and direct ... ...

    Abstract Background: There have been few studies on children hospitalized with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) published from mainland China. We performed a retrospective review of medical charts to describe the epidemiology, clinical features and direct medical cost of laboratory-proven RSV children hospitalized in Suzhou, China.
    Methods: Testing is routine for RSV for children admitted to the respiratory ward at Suzhou University Children's Hospital. We performed a retrospective study on children with documented RSV infection hospitalized at Suzhou University Children Hospital during 2005-2009 using a structured chart review instrument.
    Results: A total of 2721 hospitalized children (15.0% of those tested) were positive by immunofluorescent assay for RSV during 2005-2009, and 64.0% of them were male. Eighty-seven percentage of the RSV-infected children were 2 years old and younger, and 56.6% were ≤ 6 months of age. The median length of hospital stay was 8 days. Of the RSV-infected children, 92.5% developed pneumonia and 21.8% experienced wheezing. In total, 49 (5.1%) of RSV-positive children were transferred to the ICU. Children ≤ 6 months old and who had congenital heart disease had higher risk of severe RSV disease. The mean cost of each RSV-related hospitalization was US$571.8 (US$909.6 for children referred to ICU and US$565.4 for those cared for on the wards). Multivariable logistic regression showed that compared with the ≤ 6 months children, those aged >6 months old had higher hospitalization cost; children with respiratory distress or with chronic lung diseases tended to have higher hospitalization costs than others.
    Conclusions: RSV infections and severe RSV diseases mostly occurred in early infancy. The direct medical cost was high relative to family income. Effective strategies of RSV immunization of young children in China may be beneficial in addressing this disease burden.
    MeSH term(s) Child, Preschool ; China/epidemiology ; Female ; Hospital Costs ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections/diagnosis ; Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections/economics ; Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections/epidemiology ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors
    Language English
    Publishing date 2014-04
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 392481-6
    ISSN 1532-0987 ; 0891-3668
    ISSN (online) 1532-0987
    ISSN 0891-3668
    DOI 10.1097/INF.0000000000000102
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article: [Analysis on the prevalence and antibiotic resistance of Moraxella catarrhalis in children with lower respiratory tract infection in Suzhou].

    Wu, Jun-hua / Ji, Wei / Ding, Yun-fang

    Zhonghua liu xing bing xue za zhi = Zhonghua liuxingbingxue zazhi

    2008  Volume 29, Issue 8, Page(s) 844–845

    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China/epidemiology ; Drug Resistance, Bacterial ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Moraxella (Branhamella) catarrhalis/drug effects ; Prevalence ; Respiratory Tract Infections/epidemiology ; Respiratory Tract Infections/microbiology
    Language Chinese
    Publishing date 2008-08
    Publishing country China
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 645026-x
    ISSN 0254-6450
    ISSN 0254-6450
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Influenza-associated Hospitalization in Children Younger Than 5 Years of Age in Suzhou, China, 2011-2016.

    Yu, Jia / Zhang, Xiyan / Shan, Wei / Gao, Junmei / Hua, Jun / Tian, Jianmei / Ding, Yunfang / Zhang, Jun / Chen, Liling / Song, Ying / Zhou, Suizan / Iuliano, A Danielle / Greene, Carolyn M / Zhang, Tao / Zhao, Genming

    The Pediatric infectious disease journal

    2018  Volume 38, Issue 5, Page(s) 445–452

    Abstract: Background: Studying the burden and risk factors associated with severe illness from influenza infection in young children in eastern China will contribute to future cost-effectiveness analyses of local influenza vaccine programs.: Methods: We ... ...

    Abstract Background: Studying the burden and risk factors associated with severe illness from influenza infection in young children in eastern China will contribute to future cost-effectiveness analyses of local influenza vaccine programs.
    Methods: We conducted prospective, severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) surveillance at Suzhou University-Affiliated Children's Hospital to estimate influenza-associated hospitalizations in Suzhou University-Affiliated Children's Hospital by month in children younger than 5 years of age from October 2011 to September 2016. SARI was defined as fever (measured axillary temperature ≥ 38°C) and cough or sore throat or inflamed/red pharynx in the 7 days preceding hospitalization. We combined SARI surveillance data with healthcare utilization survey data to estimate and characterize the burden of influenza-associated SARI hospitalizations in Suzhou within this age group in the 5-year period.
    Results: Of the 36,313 SARI cases identified, 2,297 from respiratory wards were systematically sampled; of these, 259 (11%) were influenza positive. Estimated annual influenza-associated SARI hospitalization rates per 1,000 children younger than 5 years of age ranged from 4 (95% confidence interval [CI], 2-5) in the 2012-2013 season to 16 (95% CI, 14-19) in the 2011-2012 season. The predominant viruses were A/H3N2 (59%) in 2011-12, both A/H1N1pdm09 (42%) and B (46%) in 2012-13, A/H3N2 (71%) in 2013-14, A/H3N2 (55%) in 2014-15 and both A/H1N1pdm09 (50%) and B (50%) in 2015-16. The age-specific influenza-associated SARI hospitalization rates for the 5-year period were 11 (95% CI, 8-15) per 1,000 children 0-5 months of age; 8 (95% CI, 7-10) per 1,000 children 6-23 months of age and 5 (95% CI, 4-5) per 1,000 children 24-59 months of age, respectively.
    Conclusions: From 2011 to 2016, influenza-associated SARI hospitalization rates in children aged younger than 5 years of age in Suzhou, China, were high, particularly among children 0-5 months of age. Higher hospitalization rates were observed in years where the predominant circulating virus was influenza A/H3N2. Immunization for children > 6 months, and maternal and caregiver immunization for those < 6 months, could reduce influenza-associated hospitalizations in young children in Suzhou.
    MeSH term(s) Child, Preschool ; China/epidemiology ; Cost of Illness ; Epidemiological Monitoring ; Female ; Hospitalization/statistics & numerical data ; Hospitals, Pediatric ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Influenza, Human/epidemiology ; Influenza, Human/pathology ; Male ; Prospective Studies ; Risk Factors
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-08-28
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 392481-6
    ISSN 1532-0987 ; 0891-3668
    ISSN (online) 1532-0987
    ISSN 0891-3668
    DOI 10.1097/INF.0000000000002178
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article: [Parainfluenza virus infection in pediatric patients with acute respiratory infections in Suzhou area during 2001 - 2006].

    Zhang, Xue-lan / Ji, Zheng-hua / Ding, Yun-fang

    Zhonghua er ke za zhi = Chinese journal of pediatrics

    2007  Volume 45, Issue 11, Page(s) 861–862

    MeSH term(s) Child ; China ; Humans ; Paramyxoviridae Infections/physiopathology ; Respiratory Tract Infections/physiopathology ; Respiratory Tract Infections/virology
    Language Chinese
    Publishing date 2007-11
    Publishing country China
    Document type Comparative Study ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 784523-6
    ISSN 0578-1310
    ISSN 0578-1310
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  7. Article ; Online: Etiology and epidemiology of children with acute otitis media and spontaneous otorrhea in Suzhou, China.

    Ding, Yunfang / Geng, Qian / Tao, Yunzhen / Lin, Yuzun / Wang, Yunzhong / Black, Steven / Zhao, Genming / Zhang, Tao

    The Pediatric infectious disease journal

    2015  Volume 34, Issue 5, Page(s) e102–6

    Abstract: Background: There are scare data about bacterial etiology and the antibiotic susceptibility, serotype distribution and molecular characteristics of pneumococci in children with acute otitis media (AOM) in China.: Methods: A prospective study was ... ...

    Abstract Background: There are scare data about bacterial etiology and the antibiotic susceptibility, serotype distribution and molecular characteristics of pneumococci in children with acute otitis media (AOM) in China.
    Methods: A prospective study was conducted in Suzhou University Affiliated Children's Hospital. All children under 18 years of age diagnosed as AOM and with spontaneous otorrhea were offered enrollment, and collection of middle ear fluid was then cultured for bacterial pathogens. The antibiotic susceptibility, serotypes, macrolide resistance genes and sequence types of Streptococcus pneumoniae strains were identified.
    Results: From January 2011 to December 2013, a total of 229 cases of AOM with spontaneous otorrhea were identified; of these, 159 (69.4%) middle ear fluid specimens were tested positive for bacterial pathogens. The leading cause was S. pneumoniae (47.2%), followed by Staphylococcus aureus (18.8%) and Haemophilus influenzae (7.4%). The antibiotic resistance rates of S. pneumoniae isolates to erythromycin were 99.1%, and the nonsusceptible rate to penicillin was 54.6%. The most common serotypes identified were 19A (45.1%) and 19F (35.4%). The coverage against PCV7 serotypes for this outcome was 56.1% and of PCV13 was 97.6%. The macrolide resistance was mainly mediated by both ermB and mefA/E genes (88.6%). The CC271 was the major clonal complex identified.
    Conclusions: S. pneumoniae was a leading cause for AOM in children in Suzhou, China. Antibiotics resistance rates of S. pneumoniae were high and mainly due to the spread of CC271 clonal complex.
    MeSH term(s) Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China/epidemiology ; Drug Resistance, Bacterial/genetics ; Ear, Middle/microbiology ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Otitis Media/epidemiology ; Otitis Media/microbiology ; Pneumococcal Infections/epidemiology ; Pneumococcal Infections/microbiology ; Prospective Studies ; Streptococcus pneumoniae/drug effects ; Streptococcus pneumoniae/genetics
    Chemical Substances Anti-Bacterial Agents
    Language English
    Publishing date 2015-05
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 392481-6
    ISSN 1532-0987 ; 0891-3668
    ISSN (online) 1532-0987
    ISSN 0891-3668
    DOI 10.1097/INF.0000000000000617
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article: [Monitoring of influenza virus B and clinical features of pediatric pneumonia caused by influenza virus B only].

    Hua, Jun / Du, Xiao-Chen / Xie, Min-Hui / Zhang, Xue-Lan / Ding, Yun-Fang / Ji, Wei

    Zhongguo dang dai er ke za zhi = Chinese journal of contemporary pediatrics

    2012  Volume 14, Issue 11, Page(s) 830–833

    Abstract: Objective: To investigate the epidemiological features of influenza virus B (IVB) in the winter and the clinical features of pediatric pneumonia caused by IVB only.: Methods: A retrospective study was performed on the clinical data of children with ... ...

    Abstract Objective: To investigate the epidemiological features of influenza virus B (IVB) in the winter and the clinical features of pediatric pneumonia caused by IVB only.
    Methods: A retrospective study was performed on the clinical data of children with respiratory infection who received pathogen testing and therapy at Soochow University Affiliated Children's Hospital during the winters of 2008, 2009, 2010 and 2011.
    Results: The positive rates of influenza viruses A and B in the winters of 2008, 2009, and 2010 were 0.89%, 5.49%, and 6.24% respectively; the positive rate of influenza viruses A and B in the winter of 2011 was 8.72%, significantly higher than those in 2008-2010. The positive rates of IVB in the winters of 2008, 2009, and 2010 were 0%, 0%, and 0.21% respectively; the positive rate of IVB in the winter of 2011 was 5.36%, which was significantly higher than in the years 2008 to 2010. Pneumonia caused by IVB was confirmed in 94 children during the winter of 2011, including 27 cases of pneumonia caused by IVB only. Most of children with pneumonia caused by IVB only were aged over 6 months. The common symptoms in the 27 children caused by IVB only were fever (85%), runny nose (89%), and cough (100%). Wheezing (26%) and dyspnea (7%) were also seen in some cases. Among the 27 children, 19% showed abnormal white blood cell count, 30% showed increased C-reactive protein, 70% showed decreased prealbumin, and none showed visible organ dysfunction. No specific imaging findings were seen in the children with pneumonia caused by IVB only. However, many abnormal humoral and cellular immunological parameters were found in the majority of these children. The average length of hospital stay was approximately one week, there were no critical patients and the prognosis was good.
    Conclusions: Influenza viruses were at a peak level in inpatient children in the winter of 2011. IVB infection rate was gradually increasing. In children with pneumonia caused by IVB only, there are few critical patients, the symptoms are nonspecific and the prognosis is good.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Influenza B virus ; Influenza, Human/diagnosis ; Influenza, Human/epidemiology ; Influenza, Human/immunology ; Length of Stay ; Male ; Pneumonia, Viral/diagnosis ; Pneumonia, Viral/epidemiology ; Pneumonia, Viral/immunology ; Retrospective Studies
    Language Chinese
    Publishing date 2012-11
    Publishing country China
    Document type English Abstract ; Journal Article
    ISSN 1008-8830
    ISSN 1008-8830
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: The clinical characteristics and direct medical cost of influenza in hospitalized children: a five-year retrospective study in Suzhou, China.

    Zhang, Tao / Zhu, Qiuli / Zhang, Xuelan / Ding, Yunfang / Steinhoff, Mark / Black, Steven / Zhao, Genming

    PloS one

    2012  Volume 7, Issue 9, Page(s) e44391

    Abstract: Background: There have been few studies on children hospitalized with influenza published from mainland China. We performed a retrospective review of medical charts to describe the epidemiology, clinical features and direct medical cost of laboratory- ... ...

    Abstract Background: There have been few studies on children hospitalized with influenza published from mainland China. We performed a retrospective review of medical charts to describe the epidemiology, clinical features and direct medical cost of laboratory-proven influenza hospitalized children in Suzhou, China.
    Methods: Retrospective study on children with documented influenza infection hospitalized at Suzhou Children Hospital during 2005-2009 was conducted using a structured chart review instrument.
    Results: A total of 480 children were positive by immuno-fluorescent assay for influenza during 2005-2009. The hospitalizations for influenza occurred in 8-12 months of the year, most commonly in the winter with a second late summer peak (August-September). Influenza A accounted for 86.3%, and of these 286 (59.6%) were male, and 87.2% were <5 years of age. The median length of hospital stay was 7 days. Fever was the most common symptom, occurring in 398 (82.9%) children. There were 394 (82.1%) children with pneumonia and 70.2% of these hospitalized children had radiographic evidence of a pulmonary infiltrate. One hundred and twelve children (23.3%) required oxygen treatments and 13 (2.7%) were transferred to the ICU. Multivariable logistic regression showed that compared with the ≤ 6 months children, those aged >60 months old had shorter hospital stay (OR = 0.45); children with oxygen treatment tended to have longer hospital stays than those without oxygen treatment (OR = 2.14). The mean cost of each influenza-related hospitalization was US$ 624 (US$ 1323 for children referred to ICU and US$ 617 for those cared for on the wards). High risk children had higher total cost than low-risk patients.
    Conclusion: Compared to other countries, in Suzhou, children hospitalized with influenza have longer hospital stay and higher percentage of pneumonia. The direct medical cost is high relative to family income. Effective strategies of influenza immunization of young children in China may be beneficial in addressing this disease burden.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Hospitalized ; Child, Preschool ; China ; Female ; Health Care Costs ; Hospitalization/economics ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Influenza, Human/economics ; Influenza, Human/epidemiology ; Male ; Microscopy, Fluorescence/methods ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Seasons ; Time Factors
    Language English
    Publishing date 2012-09-05
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
    ISSN 1932-6203
    ISSN (online) 1932-6203
    DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0044391
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  10. Article ; Online: Molecular characterization and antimicrobial susceptibility of Streptococcus pneumoniae isolated from children hospitalized with respiratory infections in Suzhou, China.

    Geng, Qian / Zhang, Tao / Ding, Yunfang / Tao, Yunzhen / Lin, Yuzun / Wang, Yunzhong / Black, Steven / Zhao, Genming

    PloS one

    2014  Volume 9, Issue 4, Page(s) e93752

    Abstract: Background: Dissemination of antibiotic resistant clones is recognized as an important factor in the emergence and prevalence of resistance in pneumococcus. This study was undertaken to survey the antimicrobial susceptibility and serotypes distribution ... ...

    Abstract Background: Dissemination of antibiotic resistant clones is recognized as an important factor in the emergence and prevalence of resistance in pneumococcus. This study was undertaken to survey the antimicrobial susceptibility and serotypes distribution of pneumococci and to explore the circulating clones in hospitalized children in Suzhou, China.
    Methods: The pneumococci were isolated from the nasopharyngeal aspirates of children less than 5 years of age admitted to Soochow-University-Affiliated-Children's-Hospital with respiratory infections. The capsular serotypes were identified by multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Antimicrobial susceptibility was tested by E-test. The presence of ermB, mefA/E genes were detected by PCR and the genotypes were explored by Multilocus sequence typing (MLST).
    Results: From July 2012 to July 2013, a total of 175 pneumococcal isolates were collected and all strains were resistant to erythromycin and clindamycin, about 39.4% strains were non-susceptible to penicillin G. Overall, 174 (99.4%) isolates were resistant to ≥ 3 types of antibiotics. Serotypes 19F (28.1%), 6B (19.7%), 19A (18.0%), and 23F (17.4%) were the most common serotypes in all identified strains. The serotypes coverage of PCV7 and PCV13 were 71.9% and 89.9%, respectively. Four international antibiotic-resistant clones, including Taiwan19F-14 (n = 79), Spain23F-1(n = 25), Taiwan23F-15(n = 7) and Spain6B-2(n = 7), were identified. The Taiwan19F-14 clones have a higher non-susceptibility rate in β-lactams than other clones and non-clone isolates (p<0.001). In addition, 98.7% Taiwan19F-14 clones were positive of both ermB and mefA/E genes, compare to 33.3% in other clones and non-clone strains.
    Conclusions: The spread of international antibiotic-resistant clones, especially Taiwan19F-14 clones, played a predominant role in the dissemination of antimicrobial resistant isolates in Suzhou, China. Considering the high prevalence of PCV7 serotypes and serotype 19A, the introduction of PCV13 may be a promising preventive strategy to control the increasing trend of clonal spread in China.
    MeSH term(s) Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Bacterial Proteins/genetics ; Child, Preschool ; China/epidemiology ; Clindamycin/pharmacology ; Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial/genetics ; Erythromycin/pharmacology ; Female ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Membrane Proteins/genetics ; Methyltransferases/genetics ; Pneumococcal Infections/epidemiology ; Pneumococcal Infections/genetics ; Pneumococcal Infections/microbiology ; Respiratory Tract Infections/drug therapy ; Respiratory Tract Infections/epidemiology ; Respiratory Tract Infections/genetics ; Respiratory Tract Infections/microbiology ; Serogroup ; Streptococcus pneumoniae/genetics ; Streptococcus pneumoniae/isolation & purification ; Streptococcus pneumoniae/pathogenicity
    Chemical Substances Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Bacterial Proteins ; MefA protein, Streptococcus ; MefE protein, Streptococcus pneumoniae ; Membrane Proteins ; Clindamycin (3U02EL437C) ; Erythromycin (63937KV33D) ; Methyltransferases (EC 2.1.1.-)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2014-04-07
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Clinical Trial ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ISSN 1932-6203
    ISSN (online) 1932-6203
    DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0093752
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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