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  1. Article: Relationship dissolution in the friendships of emerging adults: How, when, and why?

    Khullar, Thomas H / Kirmayer, Miriam H / Dirks, Melanie A

    Journal of social and personal relationships

    2021  Volume 38, Issue 11, Page(s) 3243–3264

    Abstract: Maintaining high-quality friendships is a key predictor of well-being during emerging adulthood, yet factors leading to friendship dissolution-defined here as actions that may decrease friendship quality or end the relationship completely-are poorly ... ...

    Abstract Maintaining high-quality friendships is a key predictor of well-being during emerging adulthood, yet factors leading to friendship dissolution-defined here as actions that may decrease friendship quality or end the relationship completely-are poorly understood. Using an open-ended interview paradigm, we elicited 179 emerging adults' (55.9% female;
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-07-02
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2023968-3
    ISSN 1460-3608 ; 0265-4075
    ISSN (online) 1460-3608
    ISSN 0265-4075
    DOI 10.1177/02654075211026015
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  2. Article: Family alliance as a developmental antecedent of depressive and anxiety symptoms in early adolescence: Friendship quality as a mediating factor.

    Marquis-Brideau, Camille / Bernier, Annie / Béliveau, Marie-Julie / Dirks, Melanie A

    Advances in child development and behavior

    2022  Volume 64, Page(s) 135–162

    Abstract: Family interactions constitute a critical context in which children can learn the basic relational skills that they need to make friends. In turn, friendship quality is a robust predictor of child socioemotional functioning. Therefore, friendship is ... ...

    Abstract Family interactions constitute a critical context in which children can learn the basic relational skills that they need to make friends. In turn, friendship quality is a robust predictor of child socioemotional functioning. Therefore, friendship is likely to act as a bridge in a socioemotional developmental cascade linking early family interactions to child subsequent socioemotional adjustment. This study aimed to examine a mediation model linking family alliance (the degree of mother-father-child engagement and coordination in joint activities) in kindergarten to anxiety and depressive symptoms in early adolescence through the mediating role of friendship quality in middle childhood. The family alliance of 87 mother-father-child triads was assessed when children were aged 6 years based on a 15-min videotaped interaction. Children reported on the quality of their relationship with their best friend at age 10 and on their anxiety and depressive symptoms at both 12 and 13 years (averaged). Results showed that children who experienced better family alliance at 6 years had higher relationship quality with their best friend at 10 years which in turn, predicted less anxiety (but not depressive) symptoms in early adolescence. There was a significant indirect effect of family alliance on anxiety through friendship quality. Findings suggest that family alliance may play a central role in shaping children's capacity to develop high-quality friendships, with implications for their subsequent socioemotional functioning. Further longitudinal studies are needed to examine the reciprocal influences unfolding over time that are likely to characterize developmental cascades among family systems, children's developing friendships, and their socioemotional functioning.
    MeSH term(s) Child ; Humans ; Adolescent ; Friends/psychology ; Interpersonal Relations ; Mediation Analysis ; Anxiety/psychology ; Anxiety Disorders
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-12-07
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 140-5
    ISSN 0065-2407
    ISSN 0065-2407
    DOI 10.1016/bs.acdb.2022.10.007
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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

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  3. Article ; Online: Initial Development of a Situation-based Measure of Emerging Adults' Social Competence in their Same-gender Friendships.

    Kirmayer, Miriam H / Khullar, Thomas H / Dirks, Melanie A

    Journal of research on adolescence : the official journal of the Society for Research on Adolescence

    2021  Volume 31, Issue 2, Page(s) 451–468

    Abstract: This paper describes the development of a situation-based tool to assess emerging adults' social competence with same-gender friends, providing information about (1) challenges occurring in these relationships, (2) the behaviors used to manage these ... ...

    Abstract This paper describes the development of a situation-based tool to assess emerging adults' social competence with same-gender friends, providing information about (1) challenges occurring in these relationships, (2) the behaviors used to manage these situations, and (3) the perceived effectiveness of these strategies. Undergraduates (N = 747; 409 women; M
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Aggression ; Female ; Friends ; Gender Identity ; Humans ; Interpersonal Relations ; Social Skills ; Young Adult
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-03-31
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2017369-6
    ISSN 1532-7795 ; 1050-8392
    ISSN (online) 1532-7795
    ISSN 1050-8392
    DOI 10.1111/jora.12616
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  4. Article ; Online: Associations between interpersonal behavior and friendship quality in childhood and adolescence: A meta-analysis.

    Dryburgh, Nicole S J / Ponath, Emma / Bukowski, William M / Dirks, Melanie A

    Child development

    2021  Volume 93, Issue 3, Page(s) e332–e347

    Abstract: This meta-analysis examined concurrent associations between aggression, withdrawal, assertion, and prosocial behavior and each of positive and negative friendship quality across studies with 22,657 children and adolescents ( ... ...

    Abstract This meta-analysis examined concurrent associations between aggression, withdrawal, assertion, and prosocial behavior and each of positive and negative friendship quality across studies with 22,657 children and adolescents (M
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Adolescent Behavior ; Aggression ; Child ; Female ; Friends ; Humans ; Interpersonal Relations ; Male ; Peer Group
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-12-29
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Meta-Analysis ; Review ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 215602-7
    ISSN 1467-8624 ; 0009-3920
    ISSN (online) 1467-8624
    ISSN 0009-3920
    DOI 10.1111/cdev.13728
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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

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  5. Article: The Development and Preliminary Validation of a Measure of Victimization within the Friendships of Emerging Adults.

    Dryburgh, Nicole S J / Martin-Storey, Alexa / Craig, Wendy M / Dirks, Melanie A

    Journal of social and personal relationships

    2022  Volume 40, Issue 7, Page(s) 2204–2226

    Abstract: For emerging adults, high-quality friendships can be an important source of companionship and support. The most commonly studied negative interaction between friends is conflict, yet work with youth suggests more serious victimization also occurs in ... ...

    Abstract For emerging adults, high-quality friendships can be an important source of companionship and support. The most commonly studied negative interaction between friends is conflict, yet work with youth suggests more serious victimization also occurs in friendship. In the current study, we developed and obtained preliminary psychometric evidence for the Friendship Victimization Scale, a measure that assesses physical, sexual, relational, and verbal forms of victimization in the friendships of emerging adults, as well as coercive and controlling behaviors. Emerging adults (
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-12-02
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2023968-3
    ISSN 1460-3608 ; 0265-4075
    ISSN (online) 1460-3608
    ISSN 0265-4075
    DOI 10.1177/02654075221142631
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  6. Article ; Online: Food and Mood: Daily Associations Between Missed Meals and Affect Among Early Adolescents.

    MacNeil, Allison H / Farrell-Reeves, Alison / Elgar, Frank J / Dirks, Melanie A

    Journal of clinical child and adolescent psychology : the official journal for the Society of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, American Psychological Association, Division 53

    2022  , Page(s) 1–8

    Abstract: Objective: Youth frequently miss meals and experience hunger, yet no studies have assessed how these experiences relate to changes in daily emotional states. This daily diary study examined associations of missing breakfast, missing lunch, and hunger ... ...

    Abstract Objective: Youth frequently miss meals and experience hunger, yet no studies have assessed how these experiences relate to changes in daily emotional states. This daily diary study examined associations of missing breakfast, missing lunch, and hunger with daily positive and negative affect among young adolescents.
    Methods: A community sample of 133 grade 5 and 6 students (50.4% boys,
    Results: Among participating youth, 27.8% missed breakfast at least once, 15.0% missed lunch at least once, and 26.3% felt hungry at least once. Missing breakfast was associated with increased negative affect
    Conclusion: This study provides a unique view of youths' experiences of missing meals, hunger, and daily emotional states. The findings underscore the importance of youth being adequately nourished through school meal programs. Clinicians should screen for and address missing meals among their young patients.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-07-26
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2073310-0
    ISSN 1537-4424 ; 1537-4416
    ISSN (online) 1537-4424
    ISSN 1537-4416
    DOI 10.1080/15374416.2022.2096045
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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.B 1943: Show issues Location:
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  7. Article: Say you'll be there: Associations between observed verbal responses, friendship quality, and perceptions of support in young adult friendships.

    Macdonald, Erin P / Khullar, Thomas H / Vezina, Ella L / Santucci, Katya / Lydon, John E / Rose, Amanda J / Dirks, Melanie A

    Journal of social and personal relationships

    2023  Volume 40, Issue 12, Page(s) 4001–4022

    Abstract: Friendships are a primary source of social support during young adulthood; however, little is known about the factors associated with young adults feeling greater support during interactions with friends. We examined how micro-level verbal responses and ... ...

    Abstract Friendships are a primary source of social support during young adulthood; however, little is known about the factors associated with young adults feeling greater support during interactions with friends. We examined how micro-level verbal responses and macro-level judgments of friendship quality were associated with perceptions of support following an interaction between friends. Same-gender friend dyads (
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-08-17
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2023968-3
    ISSN 1460-3608 ; 0265-4075
    ISSN (online) 1460-3608
    ISSN 0265-4075
    DOI 10.1177/02654075231195115
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  8. Article ; Online: Intergenerational transmission of depression risk: Mothers' neural response to reward and history of depression are associated with daughters' neural response to reward across adolescence.

    Ethridge, Paige / Freeman, Clara / Sandre, Aislinn / Banica, Iulia / Dirks, Melanie A / Weinberg, Anna

    Journal of psychopathology and clinical science

    2021  Volume 131, Issue 6, Page(s) 598–610

    Abstract: Impaired reward responsiveness, a construct of the RDoC positive valence systems (PVS), prospectively predicts depression onset and may therefore represent an important marker of risk. Neural structures implicated in reward processing undergo substantial ...

    Abstract Impaired reward responsiveness, a construct of the RDoC positive valence systems (PVS), prospectively predicts depression onset and may therefore represent an important marker of risk. Neural structures implicated in reward processing undergo substantial change during adolescence, a period of heightened risk for depression, particularly for those with a family history of the disorder. However, it is not clear whether familial transmission of PVS functioning also changes across adolescence, nor whether a family history of depression influences normative development of the PVS. To address these questions, mothers and their adolescent daughters each completed a monetary reward guessing task while an electroencephalogram was recorded (N = 109 dyads). Daughters' pubertal status significantly moderated the association between mothers' and daughters' reward processing in the delta frequency, such that there was a negative association for daughters in early puberty that shifted toward a positive association in later puberty. Furthermore, for never-depressed daughters without a maternal history of depression, more advanced pubertal development was associated with increased reward-related power in the delta frequency, whereas, for daughters with a maternal history of depression, more advanced pubertal development was associated with reduced power in the delta frequency. These data indicate that biomarkers of risk for psychopathology may differ as a function of both familial risk and developmental status. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Depression ; Female ; Humans ; Mothers ; Nuclear Family ; Puberty ; Reward
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-02-04
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2769-755X
    ISSN (online) 2769-755X
    DOI 10.1037/abn0000662
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  9. Article ; Online: Recognition of vocal socioemotional expressions at varying levels of emotional intensity.

    Morningstar, Michele / Gilbert, Annie C / Burdo, Jessica / Leis, Maria / Dirks, Melanie A

    Emotion (Washington, D.C.)

    2021  Volume 21, Issue 7, Page(s) 1570–1575

    Abstract: Nonverbal expressions of emotion can vary in intensity, from ambiguous to prototypical exemplars: for instance, facial displays of happiness may range from a faint smile to a full-blown grin. Previous work suggests that the accuracy with which facial ... ...

    Abstract Nonverbal expressions of emotion can vary in intensity, from ambiguous to prototypical exemplars: for instance, facial displays of happiness may range from a faint smile to a full-blown grin. Previous work suggests that the accuracy with which facial expressions are recognized as the intended emotion increases with emotional intensity, although this pattern depends on the displayed emotion. Less is known about the association between emotional intensity and the recognition of vocal emotional expressions (affective prosody), which also convey information about others' socioemotional intent but are perceived and interpreted differently than facial expressions. The current study examined listeners' ability to recognize emotional intent in morphed vocal prosody recordings that varied in emotional intensity from neutral to prototypical exemplars of basic emotions (anger, disgust, fear, happiness, sadness) and social expressions (friendliness, meanness). Results suggest that listeners' accuracy in identifying the intended emotional intent in each recording increased nonlinearly with emotional intensity. This pattern varied by emotion type: for instance, accuracy for anger rose steeply with increasing emotional intensity before plateauing, whereas accuracy for happiness remained unchanged across low-intensity exemplars but increased thereafter. These findings highlight emotion-specific ways in which dynamic changes in emotional intensity inform perceptions of socioemotional intent in emotional prosody. Moreover, these results also point to potential challenges in emotional communication in social interactions that rely primarily on the voice, with many low-intensity expressions having a higher probability of being misinterpreted. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).
    MeSH term(s) Emotions ; Facial Expression ; Happiness ; Humans ; Recognition, Psychology ; Voice
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-09-27
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2102391-8
    ISSN 1931-1516 ; 1528-3542
    ISSN (online) 1931-1516
    ISSN 1528-3542
    DOI 10.1037/emo0001024
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  10. Article ; Online: Maturation of vocal emotion recognition: Insights from the developmental and neuroimaging literature.

    Morningstar, Michele / Nelson, Eric E / Dirks, Melanie A

    Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews

    2018  Volume 90, Page(s) 221–230

    Abstract: Emotions are implicitly expressed in both facial expressions and prosodic components of vocal communication. The ability to recognize nonverbal cues of emotion is an important feature of social competence that matures gradually across childhood and ... ...

    Abstract Emotions are implicitly expressed in both facial expressions and prosodic components of vocal communication. The ability to recognize nonverbal cues of emotion is an important feature of social competence that matures gradually across childhood and adolescence. Compared to the extensive knowledge about the development of emotion recognition (ER) from facial displays of emotion, relatively little is known about the maturation of this ability in the auditory domain. The current review provides an overview of knowledge about the development of vocal emotion recognition from behavioural studies, and neural mechanisms that might contribute to this maturational process. Youth are thought to reach adult-like vocal ER ability in early or late adolescence. At a neural level, several structural and functional changes occur in the adolescent brain that may impact the representation of emotional information. However, there is a paucity of developmental neuroimaging work directly examining neural prosody processing in youth. We speculate that brain areas relevant to vocal perception in adults may undergo age-related changes that map onto increased vocal ER capacity.
    MeSH term(s) Emotions/physiology ; Facial Expression ; Humans ; Neuroimaging/methods ; Recognition (Psychology)/physiology ; Speech Perception/genetics ; Voice/physiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-04-27
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
    ZDB-ID 282464-4
    ISSN 1873-7528 ; 0149-7634
    ISSN (online) 1873-7528
    ISSN 0149-7634
    DOI 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2018.04.019
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