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  1. Article ; Online: Guest-editing under the spotlight.

    Dainton, John / Dixon, Richard A

    Philosophical transactions. Series A, Mathematical, physical, and engineering sciences

    2024  Volume 382, Issue 2267, Page(s) 20230374

    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-15
    Publishing country England
    Document type Editorial
    ZDB-ID 208381-4
    ISSN 1471-2962 ; 0080-4614 ; 0264-3820 ; 0264-3952 ; 1364-503X
    ISSN (online) 1471-2962
    ISSN 0080-4614 ; 0264-3820 ; 0264-3952 ; 1364-503X
    DOI 10.1098/rsta.2023.0374
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Guest-editing under the spotlight.

    Dixon, Richard A / Dainton, John

    Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences

    2024  Volume 379, Issue 1896, Page(s) 20230478

    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-08
    Publishing country England
    Document type Editorial
    ZDB-ID 208382-6
    ISSN 1471-2970 ; 0080-4622 ; 0264-3839 ; 0962-8436
    ISSN (online) 1471-2970
    ISSN 0080-4622 ; 0264-3839 ; 0962-8436
    DOI 10.1098/rstb.2023.0478
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    Einzelsignatur: Show issues

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  3. Article ; Online: A century of studying plant secondary metabolism-From "what?" to "where, how, and why?"

    Dixon, Richard A / Dickinson, Alexandra Jazz

    Plant physiology

    2024  

    Abstract: Over the past century, early advances in understanding the identity of the chemicals that collectively form a living plant have led scientists to deeper investigations exploring where these molecules localize, how they are made, and why they are ... ...

    Abstract Over the past century, early advances in understanding the identity of the chemicals that collectively form a living plant have led scientists to deeper investigations exploring where these molecules localize, how they are made, and why they are synthesized in the first place. Many small molecules are specific to the plant kingdom and have been termed plant secondary metabolites, despite the fact that they can play primary and essential roles in plant structure, development, and response to the environment. The past 100 yr have witnessed elucidation of the structure, function, localization, and biosynthesis of selected plant secondary metabolites. Nevertheless, many mysteries remain about the vast diversity of chemicals produced by plants and their roles in plant biology. From early work characterizing unpurified plant extracts, to modern integration of 'omics technology to discover genes in metabolite biosynthesis and perception, research in plant (bio)chemistry has produced knowledge with substantial benefits for society, including human medicine and agricultural biotechnology. Here, we review the history of this work and offer suggestions for future areas of exploration. We also highlight some of the recently developed technologies that are leading to ongoing research advances.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-02
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 208914-2
    ISSN 1532-2548 ; 0032-0889
    ISSN (online) 1532-2548
    ISSN 0032-0889
    DOI 10.1093/plphys/kiad596
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: The plant cell wall-dynamic, strong, and adaptable-is a natural shapeshifter.

    Delmer, Deborah / Dixon, Richard A / Keegstra, Kenneth / Mohnen, Debra

    The Plant cell

    2024  

    Abstract: Mythology is replete with good and evil shapeshifters, who, by definition, display great adaptability and assume many different forms-with several even turning themselves into trees. Cell walls certainly fit this definition as they can undergo subtle or ... ...

    Abstract Mythology is replete with good and evil shapeshifters, who, by definition, display great adaptability and assume many different forms-with several even turning themselves into trees. Cell walls certainly fit this definition as they can undergo subtle or dramatic changes in structure, assume many shapes, and perform many functions. In this review, we cover the evolution of knowledge of the structures, biosynthesis, and functions of the 5 major cell wall polymer types that range from deceptively simple to fiendishly complex. Along the way, we recognize some of the colorful historical figures who shaped cell wall research over the past 100 years. The shapeshifter analogy emerges more clearly as we examine the evolving proposals for how cell walls are constructed to allow growth while remaining strong, the complex signaling involved in maintaining cell wall integrity and defense against disease, and the ways cell walls adapt as they progress from birth, through growth to maturation, and in the end, often function long after cell death. We predict the next century of progress will include deciphering cell type-specific wall polymers; regulation at all levels of polymer production, crosslinks, and architecture; and how walls respond to developmental and environmental signals to drive plant success in diverse environments.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-01
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 623171-8
    ISSN 1532-298X ; 1040-4651
    ISSN (online) 1532-298X
    ISSN 1040-4651
    DOI 10.1093/plcell/koad325
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Hippo pathway inhibition promotes metabolic adaptability and antioxidant response in myoblasts.

    Liu, Qi / Pan, Su / Li, Pengyang / Dixon, Richard A F

    Scientific reports

    2023  Volume 13, Issue 1, Page(s) 2232

    Abstract: Metabolic plasticity in a hostile environment ensures cell survival. We investigated whether Hippo pathway inhibition contributed to cell adaptations under challenging conditions. We examined metabolic profiles and fuel substrate choices and preferences ... ...

    Abstract Metabolic plasticity in a hostile environment ensures cell survival. We investigated whether Hippo pathway inhibition contributed to cell adaptations under challenging conditions. We examined metabolic profiles and fuel substrate choices and preferences in C2C12 myoblasts after Hippo pathway inhibition via Salvador knockdown (SAV1 KD). SAV1 KD induced higher ATP production and a more energetic phenotype. Bioenergetic profiling showed enhanced key mitochondrial parameters including spare respiratory capacity. SAV1 KD cells showed markedly elevated glycolysis and glycolytic reserves; blocking other fuel-oxidation pathways enhanced mitochondrial flexibility of glucose oxidation. Under limited glucose, endogenous fatty acid oxidation increased to cope with bioenergetic stress. Gene expression patterns after SAV1 KD suggested transcriptional upregulation of key metabolic network regulators to promote energy production and free radical scavenging that may prevent impaired lipid and glucose metabolism. In SAV1 KD cells, sirtuin signaling was the top enriched canonical pathway linked with enhanced mitochondrial ATP production. Collectively, we demonstrated that Hippo pathway inhibition in SAV1 KD cells induces multiple metabolic properties, including enhancing mitochondrial spare respiratory capacity or glycolytic reserve to cope with stress and upregulating metabolic pathways supporting elevated ATP demand, bioenergetics, and glycolysis and counteracting oxidative stress. In response to metabolic challenges, SAV1 KD cells can increase fatty acid oxidation or glucose-coupled oxidative phosphorylation capacity to compensate for substrate limitations or alternative fuel oxidation pathway inhibition.
    MeSH term(s) Adenosine Triphosphate/metabolism ; Antioxidants/metabolism ; Fatty Acids/metabolism ; Glucose/metabolism ; Glycolysis ; Hippo Signaling Pathway ; Animals ; Mice ; Myoblasts/metabolism ; Cell Line
    Chemical Substances Adenosine Triphosphate (8L70Q75FXE) ; Antioxidants ; Fatty Acids ; Glucose (IY9XDZ35W2)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-08
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2615211-3
    ISSN 2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
    ISSN (online) 2045-2322
    ISSN 2045-2322
    DOI 10.1038/s41598-023-29372-8
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: An unconventional proanthocyanidin pathway in maize.

    Lu, Nan / Jun, Ji Hyung / Li, Ying / Dixon, Richard A

    Nature communications

    2023  Volume 14, Issue 1, Page(s) 4349

    Abstract: Proanthocyanidins (PAs), flavonoid polymers involved in plant defense, are also beneficial to human health and ruminant nutrition. To date, there is little evidence for accumulation of PAs in maize (Zea mays), although maize makes anthocyanins and ... ...

    Abstract Proanthocyanidins (PAs), flavonoid polymers involved in plant defense, are also beneficial to human health and ruminant nutrition. To date, there is little evidence for accumulation of PAs in maize (Zea mays), although maize makes anthocyanins and possesses the key enzyme of the PA pathway, anthocyanidin reductase (ANR). Here, we explore whether there is a functional PA biosynthesis pathway in maize using a combination of analytical chemistry and genetic approaches. The endogenous PA biosynthetic machinery in maize preferentially produces the unusual PA precursor (+)-epicatechin, as well as 4β-(S-cysteinyl)-catechin, as potential PA starter and extension units. Uncommon procyanidin dimers with (+)-epicatechin as starter unit are also found. Expression of soybean (Glycine max) anthocyanidin reductase 1 (ANR1) in maize seeds increases the levels of 4β-(S-cysteinyl)-epicatechin and procyanidin dimers mainly using (-)-epicatechin as starter units. Introducing a Sorghum bicolor transcription factor (SbTT2) specifically regulating PA biosynthesis into a maize inbred deficient in anthocyanin biosynthesis activates both anthocyanin and PA biosynthesis pathways, suggesting conservation of the PA regulatory machinery across species. Our data support the divergence of PA biosynthesis across plant species and offer perspectives for future agricultrural applications in maize.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Proanthocyanidins ; Anthocyanins/metabolism ; Catechin/metabolism ; Zea mays/genetics ; Zea mays/metabolism ; Plant Proteins/genetics ; Plant Proteins/metabolism ; Oxidoreductases/metabolism ; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant
    Chemical Substances Proanthocyanidins ; Anthocyanins ; Catechin (8R1V1STN48) ; Plant Proteins ; Oxidoreductases (EC 1.-)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-07-19
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2553671-0
    ISSN 2041-1723 ; 2041-1723
    ISSN (online) 2041-1723
    ISSN 2041-1723
    DOI 10.1038/s41467-023-40014-5
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: A role for ascorbate conjugates of (+)-catechin in proanthocyanidin polymerization.

    Yu, Keji / Dixon, Richard A / Duan, Changqing

    Nature communications

    2022  Volume 13, Issue 1, Page(s) 3425

    Abstract: Proanthocyanidins (PAs) are natural polymers of flavan-3-ols, commonly (+)-catechin and (-)-epicatechin. However, exactly how PA oligomerization proceeds is poorly understood. Here we show, both biochemically and genetically, that ascorbate (AsA) is an ... ...

    Abstract Proanthocyanidins (PAs) are natural polymers of flavan-3-ols, commonly (+)-catechin and (-)-epicatechin. However, exactly how PA oligomerization proceeds is poorly understood. Here we show, both biochemically and genetically, that ascorbate (AsA) is an alternative "starter unit" to flavan-3-ol monomers for leucocyanidin-derived (+)-catechin subunit extension in the Arabidopsis thaliana anthocyanidin synthase (ans) mutant. These (catechin)
    MeSH term(s) Catechin/metabolism ; Flavonoids ; Plant Proteins/metabolism ; Polymerization ; Proanthocyanidins/metabolism ; Vitis/genetics
    Chemical Substances Flavonoids ; Plant Proteins ; Proanthocyanidins ; Catechin (8R1V1STN48)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-06-14
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2553671-0
    ISSN 2041-1723 ; 2041-1723
    ISSN (online) 2041-1723
    ISSN 2041-1723
    DOI 10.1038/s41467-022-31153-2
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Identification of Pueraria spp. through DNA barcoding and comparative transcriptomics.

    Adolfo, Laci M / Rao, Xiaolan / Dixon, Richard A

    BMC plant biology

    2022  Volume 22, Issue 1, Page(s) 10

    Abstract: Background: Kudzu is a term used generically to describe members of the genus Pueraria. Kudzu roots have been used for centuries in traditional Chinese medicine in view of their high levels of beneficial isoflavones including the unique 8-C-glycoside of ...

    Abstract Background: Kudzu is a term used generically to describe members of the genus Pueraria. Kudzu roots have been used for centuries in traditional Chinese medicine in view of their high levels of beneficial isoflavones including the unique 8-C-glycoside of daidzein, puerarin. In the US, kudzu is seen as a noxious weed causing ecological and economic damage. However, not all kudzu species make puerarin or are equally invasive. Kudzu remains difficult to identify due to its diverse morphology and inconsistent nomenclature.
    Results: We have generated sequences for the internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) and maturase K (matK) regions of Pueraria montana lobata, P. montana montana, and P. phaseoloides, and identified two accessions previously used for differential analysis of puerarin biosynthesis as P. lobata and P. phaseoloides. Additionally, we have generated root transcriptomes for the puerarin-producing P. m. lobata and the non-puerarin producing P. phaseoloides. Within the transcriptomes, microsatellites were identified to aid in species identification as well as population diversity.
    Conclusions: The barcode sequences generated will aid in fast and efficient identification of the three kudzu species. Additionally, the microsatellites identified from the transcriptomes will aid in genetic analysis. The root transcriptomes also provide a molecular toolkit for comparative gene expression analysis towards elucidation of the biosynthesis of kudzu phytochemicals.
    MeSH term(s) DNA Barcoding, Taxonomic ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Isoflavones/analysis ; Plant Roots/chemistry ; Plant Weeds/classification ; Plant Weeds/genetics ; Pueraria/classification ; Pueraria/genetics ; Transcriptome
    Chemical Substances Isoflavones ; puerarin (Z9W8997416)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-01-03
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 1471-2229
    ISSN (online) 1471-2229
    DOI 10.1186/s12870-021-03383-x
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: Identification of Pueraria spp. through DNA barcoding and comparative transcriptomics

    Adolfo, Laci M. / Rao, Xiaolan / Dixon, Richard A.

    BMC Plant Biol. 2022 Dec., v. 22, no. 1 p.10-10

    2022  

    Abstract: BACKGROUND: Kudzu is a term used generically to describe members of the genus Pueraria. Kudzu roots have been used for centuries in traditional Chinese medicine in view of their high levels of beneficial isoflavones including the unique 8-C-glycoside of ... ...

    Abstract BACKGROUND: Kudzu is a term used generically to describe members of the genus Pueraria. Kudzu roots have been used for centuries in traditional Chinese medicine in view of their high levels of beneficial isoflavones including the unique 8-C-glycoside of daidzein, puerarin. In the US, kudzu is seen as a noxious weed causing ecological and economic damage. However, not all kudzu species make puerarin or are equally invasive. Kudzu remains difficult to identify due to its diverse morphology and inconsistent nomenclature. RESULTS: We have generated sequences for the internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) and maturase K (matK) regions of Pueraria montana lobata, P. montana montana, and P. phaseoloides, and identified two accessions previously used for differential analysis of puerarin biosynthesis as P. lobata and P. phaseoloides. Additionally, we have generated root transcriptomes for the puerarin-producing P. m. lobata and the non-puerarin producing P. phaseoloides. Within the transcriptomes, microsatellites were identified to aid in species identification as well as population diversity. CONCLUSIONS: The barcode sequences generated will aid in fast and efficient identification of the three kudzu species. Additionally, the microsatellites identified from the transcriptomes will aid in genetic analysis. The root transcriptomes also provide a molecular toolkit for comparative gene expression analysis towards elucidation of the biosynthesis of kudzu phytochemicals.
    Keywords DNA barcoding ; Oriental traditional medicine ; Pueraria montana var. lobata ; biosynthesis ; daidzein ; gene expression ; genetic analysis ; internal transcribed spacers ; microsatellite repeats ; noxious weeds ; species identification ; transcriptome ; transcriptomics
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2022-12
    Size p. 10.
    Publishing place BioMed Central
    Document type Article ; Online
    ZDB-ID 2059868-3
    ISSN 1471-2229
    ISSN 1471-2229
    DOI 10.1186/s12870-021-03383-x
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  10. Article ; Online: Proanthocyanidin Biosynthesis-a Matter of Protection.

    Dixon, Richard A / Sarnala, Sai

    Plant physiology

    2020  Volume 184, Issue 2, Page(s) 579–591

    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Host-Pathogen Interactions ; Plant Defense Against Herbivory ; Plants/genetics ; Plants/metabolism ; Proanthocyanidins/biosynthesis
    Chemical Substances Proanthocyanidins
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-08-18
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
    ZDB-ID 208914-2
    ISSN 1532-2548 ; 0032-0889
    ISSN (online) 1532-2548
    ISSN 0032-0889
    DOI 10.1104/pp.20.00973
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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