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Article ; Online: Traumatic dislocation of the eye into the maxillary sinus: Case report and literature review.

Vránová, Kateřina / Chytilová, Karin / Dobiáš, Martin / Tvrdý, Peter / Handlos, Petr

2021 Volume 66, Issue 5, Page(s) 2002–2005

Abstract: Traumatic dislocation of the eye is usually encountered in high-energy injuries. These include traffic accidents, accidents at work, sporting accidents, falling from a height, impact of the hooves or horns of animals, gunshot injuries, and physical ... ...

Abstract	Traumatic dislocation of the eye is usually encountered in high-energy injuries. These include traffic accidents, accidents at work, sporting accidents, falling from a height, impact of the hooves or horns of animals, gunshot injuries, and physical assault. Such incidents are accompanied by facial soft tissue damage and injuries to the facial skeleton, especially the orbit, and can be associated with varying degrees of dislocation of the eye. We describe a rare case of non-fatal traumatic eye dislocation into the maxillary sinus, coupled with an orbital fracture resulting from a physical assault on a 63-year-old woman. The cause of death was asphyxiation due to manual strangulation and mechanical asphyxia. Even though dislocations of the eye are relatively rare, forensic pathologists should be aware of such injuries to correct assessment of injury mechanism. The available literature regarding eye dislocation is summarized, and the forensic issues applicable to the assessment of such cases are reviewed.
MeSH term(s)	Asphyxia/etiology ; Eye Injuries/complications ; Female ; Fracture Dislocation/etiology ; Homicide ; Humans ; Maxillary Sinus ; Middle Aged ; Neck Injuries/complications ; Orbital Fractures/etiology ; Prolapse
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-04-25
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Case Reports ; Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	219216-0
ISSN	1556-4029 ; 0022-1198
ISSN (online)	1556-4029
ISSN	0022-1198
DOI	10.1111/1556-4029.14742
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Article: Indeterminacy of the Diagnosis of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome Leading to Problems with the Validity of Data.

Olecká, Ivana / Dobiáš, Martin / Lemrová, Adéla / Ivanová, Kateřina / Fürst, Tomáš / Krajsa, Jan / Handlos, Petr

Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)

2022 Volume 12, Issue 7

Abstract: The validity of infant mortality data is essential in assessing health care quality and in the setting of preventive measures. This study explores different diagnostic procedures used to determine the cause of death across forensic settings and thus the ... ...

Abstract	The validity of infant mortality data is essential in assessing health care quality and in the setting of preventive measures. This study explores different diagnostic procedures used to determine the cause of death across forensic settings and thus the issue of the reduced validity of data. All records from three forensic medical departments that conducted autopsies on children aged 12 months or younger (n = 204) who died during the years 2007-2016 in Moravia were included. Differences in diagnostic procedures were found to be statistically significant. Each department works with a different set of risk factors and places different emphasis on different types of examination. The most significant differences could be observed in sudden infant death syndrome and suffocation diagnosis frequency. The validity of statistical data on the causes of infant mortality is thus significantly reduced. Therefore, the possibilities of public health and social policy interventions toward preventing sudden and unexpected infant death are extraordinarily complicated by this lack of data validity.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-06-21
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2662336-5
ISSN	2075-4418
ISSN	2075-4418
DOI	10.3390/diagnostics12071512
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Article ; Online: Concurrent Infection of the Human Brain with Multiple

Golovchenko, Maryna / Opelka, Jakub / Vancova, Marie / Sehadova, Hana / Kralikova, Veronika / Dobias, Martin / Raska, Milan / Krupka, Michal / Sloupenska, Kristyna / Rudenko, Natalie

International journal of molecular sciences

2023 Volume 24, Issue 23

Abstract: Lyme disease (LD) spirochetes are well known to be able to disseminate into the tissues of infected hosts, including humans. The diverse strategies used by spirochetes to avoid the host immune system and persist in the host include active immune ... ...

Abstract	Lyme disease (LD) spirochetes are well known to be able to disseminate into the tissues of infected hosts, including humans. The diverse strategies used by spirochetes to avoid the host immune system and persist in the host include active immune suppression, induction of immune tolerance, phase and antigenic variation, intracellular seclusion, changing of morphological and physiological state in varying environments, formation of biofilms and persistent forms, and, importantly, incursion into immune-privileged sites such as the brain. Invasion of immune-privileged sites allows the spirochetes to not only escape from the host immune system but can also reduce the efficacy of antibiotic therapy. Here we present a case of the detection of spirochetal DNA in multiple loci in a LD patient's post-mortem brain. The presence of co-infection with
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Borrelia/genetics ; Borrelia burgdorferi/genetics ; Borrelia burgdorferi Group/genetics ; Brain ; Lyme Disease
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-11-29
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Case Reports ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2019364-6
ISSN	1422-0067 ; 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
ISSN (online)	1422-0067
ISSN	1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
DOI	10.3390/ijms242316906
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Article ; Online: Penile carcinoma - a rare cause of sudden death.

Dobiáš, Martin / Marecová, Klára / Vránová, Kateřina / Handlos, Petr

Forensic science, medicine, and pathology

2019 Volume 15, Issue 3, Page(s) 506–508

Abstract: Penile carcinoma is an uncommon but potentially mutilating disease with a heterogeneous etiology. We present a case in which a man died due to severe blood loss from an amputated penis. It was initially regarded as a violent death with an external cause. ...

Abstract	Penile carcinoma is an uncommon but potentially mutilating disease with a heterogeneous etiology. We present a case in which a man died due to severe blood loss from an amputated penis. It was initially regarded as a violent death with an external cause. Autopsy found irregular defects with smooth edges in the external genital area and on both sides of the groin, with yellowish-gray callus-like structures and dried blood at the base of where the penis would have been located. Histological examination revealed the presence of squamous cell carcinoma with signs of keratinization. Subsequent investigation, along with information from the autopsy, revealed that the man suffered from penile carcinoma, thus death was attributed to exsanguination from an ulcerated femoral artery in a patient with penile carcinoma.
MeSH term(s)	Aged ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/pathology ; Death, Sudden/etiology ; Exsanguination/etiology ; Femoral Artery/pathology ; Humans ; Male ; Necrosis ; Penile Neoplasms/pathology
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-02-22
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Case Reports ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2195904-3
ISSN	1556-2891 ; 1547-769X
ISSN (online)	1556-2891
ISSN	1547-769X
DOI	10.1007/s12024-019-00098-2
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Article: Burden of sudden cardiac death in persons aged 1-40 years in the Czech Republic.

Rücklová, Kristina / Dobiáš, Martin / Bílek, Matěj / Pohlová Kučerová, Štěpánka / Kulvajtová, Markéta / Tavačová, Terézia / Nagy, Ivan / Tomášek, Petr

Central European journal of public health

2022 Volume 30, Issue 1, Page(s) 58–64

Abstract: Objectives: The aim of the study was to ascertain the incidence, circumstances and causes of sudden cardiac death in persons aged 1-40 years in the Czech Republic.: Methods: De-identified autopsy reports of all individuals who died suddenly between ... ...

Abstract	Objectives: The aim of the study was to ascertain the incidence, circumstances and causes of sudden cardiac death in persons aged 1-40 years in the Czech Republic. Methods: De-identified autopsy reports of all individuals who died suddenly between the ages of 1-40 years during the period 2014-2019 inclusive in a selected area of the Czech Republic were analysed retrospectively. Persons with substantial cardiovascular pathology defined by histopathological criteria and those with a negative autopsy were included in the study. The latter were designated as sudden arrhythmic death syndrome. Results: In total, 245 sudden cardiac death cases were identified resulting in an incidence rate of 2.4/100,000 person-years. Among the deceased, we found an enormous gender gap with men representing 81% of cases. More than 80% of deaths occurred during everyday activities or sleep, whereas only 7% were sports-related. The most common cause of death was coronary artery disease detected in 38%, which was followed by cardiomyopathies in 15%, sudden arrhythmic death syndrome in 12%, left ventricular hypertrophy in 10%, and congenital heart defects in 7%. Conclusions: Coronary artery disease is the predominant cause of sudden cardiac death in the young population of the Czech Republic. Hence, effective preventive measures targeted at the reduction of risk factors associated with early coronary artery disease should be reinforced. The second most prevalent cause in our population are potentially heritable heart conditions such as cardiomyopathies and sudden arrhythmic death syndrome. This fact has already prompted the introduction of molecular autopsy and cardiogenetic care for relatives in the Czech Republic.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Adult ; Cardiomyopathies/complications ; Cause of Death ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Coronary Artery Disease/complications ; Czech Republic/epidemiology ; Death, Sudden, Cardiac/epidemiology ; Death, Sudden, Cardiac/etiology ; Death, Sudden, Cardiac/pathology ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Retrospective Studies ; Young Adult
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-04-11
Publishing country	Czech Republic
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1176053-9
ISSN	1803-1048 ; 1210-7778 ; 0022-1732
ISSN (online)	1803-1048
ISSN	1210-7778 ; 0022-1732
DOI	10.21101/cejph.a6793
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Article: Suicide or not? Issues in the demonstration of anaphylaxis, a review of the literature.

Králíková, Veronika / Gavronová, Adriana / Hamerlik, Lukáš / Svrchokryl, Václav / Vitovják, Marek / Kim, Hajin / Šidová, Veronika / Bednaříková, Jana / Dobiáš, Martin

Soudni lekarstvi

2022 Volume 68, Issue 3, Page(s) 30–32

Abstract: The authors review the literature on the determination of post-mortem serum tryptase values and present the case of a young man who was hit by a train. However, his family believes he has no motivation to commit suicide. Collision with a train is one of ... ...

Title translation	Sebevražda nebo nehoda? Problematika anafylaxe s analýzou odborné literatury.
Abstract	The authors review the literature on the determination of post-mortem serum tryptase values and present the case of a young man who was hit by a train. However, his family believes he has no motivation to commit suicide. Collision with a train is one of the most common methods of suicide, especially among young men under 40 years of age. (1). The forensic autopsy showed that the man died due to the collision with the train, with traumatic hemorrhagic shock stated as a cause of death. Following toxicological, biochemical, and immunological tests created a supposition that the incident was not a result of suicidal action but a consequence of a possible allergic or anaphylactic reaction of the organism combined with a state of mild alcohol intoxication.
MeSH term(s)	Male ; Humans ; Anaphylaxis/etiology ; Tryptases ; Autopsy ; Suicide
Chemical Substances	Tryptases (EC 3.4.21.59)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-12-02
Publishing country	Czech Republic
Document type	Review ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	138272-x
ISSN	0371-1854
ISSN	0371-1854
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Article ; Online: Fatal Hemorrhage from an Arteriovenous Fistula.

Handlos, Petr / Marecová, Klára / Smatanová, Margita / Dvořáček, Igor / Dobiáš, Martin

Journal of forensic sciences

2018 Volume 63, Issue 5, Page(s) 1577–1581

Abstract: In this study, we present two cases of sudden deaths of people with end-stage kidney with arteriovenous fistulas for long-term hemodialysis treatment. This procedure is associated with a number of known complications. While stenosis, thrombosis, and ... ...

Abstract	In this study, we present two cases of sudden deaths of people with end-stage kidney with arteriovenous fistulas for long-term hemodialysis treatment. This procedure is associated with a number of known complications. While stenosis, thrombosis, and infection are well known, lethal hemorrhage from arteriovenous fistula is much less commonly encountered. Inspection of the bodies at the scene of the death by a medical examiner suggested that the deaths were due to exsanguination. Autopsies revealed visible defects on the front wall of the arteriovenous fistulas. Microscopic examination showed wall necrosis with infiltration of various inflammatory cells. Deaths were due to exsanguination from the ulcerated arteriovenous fistulas in patients with chronic renal failure. Further investigation revealed that complications in the area around the arteriovenous fistulas were known and were being treated until a sudden rupture of the vessels and hemorrhage from the arteriovenous fistulas resulted in the deaths.
MeSH term(s)	Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Arteriovenous Shunt, Surgical/adverse effects ; Exsanguination/etiology ; Fatal Outcome ; Female ; Humans ; Kidney Failure, Chronic/therapy ; Renal Dialysis
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-01-16
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Case Reports
ZDB-ID	219216-0
ISSN	1556-4029 ; 0022-1198
ISSN (online)	1556-4029
ISSN	0022-1198
DOI	10.1111/1556-4029.13730
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Article: Význam otoskopie v soudnělékařské diagnostice: prospektivní studie.

Kučerová, Štěpánka / Hejna, Petr / Dobiáš, Martin

Soudni lekarstvi

2016 Volume 61, Issue 2, Page(s) 14–17

Abstract: The otoscopy is an examination of the external auditory canal, the eardrum, and the middle ear with an instrument called an otoscope. It is a simple, inexpensive, and time-saving endoscopic method typically used by general practitioners and ... ...

Title translation	Benefits of otoscopy in forensic autopsy practice: A prospective study.
Abstract	The otoscopy is an examination of the external auditory canal, the eardrum, and the middle ear with an instrument called an otoscope. It is a simple, inexpensive, and time-saving endoscopic method typically used by general practitioners and otorhinolaryngologists. Authors present a prospective study of otoscopic findings investigated consecutively at autopsy. Of the 250 examined persons, 50 positive findings were identified: 38 cases with petechial hemorrhages and 12 cases with tympanic membrane perforation or hemotympanon. Hemorrhages of the tympanic membrane detected through the otoscopy may serve as evidence of congestion within head and neck potentially associated with asphyxiation either in the death or in the living (similar to periorbital and conjuctival petechial hemorrhages). In our study, hemorrhages of the tympanic membrane were related to heart failure, hanging and asphyxiation. Perforated tympanic membrane and hemotympanum have been sporadically reported in victims of fatal lightning strike and rarely in strangulation. This findings were in our study associated with craniocerebral injuries: traffic accidents, falls from height and gunshot injuries. The otoscopy may help to reveal various traumatic and pathological changes within the outer and the middle ear, and, thus, provide important forensic evidence. The otoscopy is also highly recommended in the investigation of the sudden deaths in the young.
Language	Czech
Publishing date	2016
Publishing country	Czech Republic
Document type	English Abstract ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	138272-x
ISSN	0371-1854
ISSN	0371-1854
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Article ; Online: Circumstances and causes of fatal cycling crashes in the Czech Republic.

Bíl, Michal / Bílová, Martina / Dobiáš, Martin / Andrášik, Richard

Traffic injury prevention

2016 Volume 17, Issue 4, Page(s) 394–399

Abstract: Objectives: The circumstances and causes of death of 129 cyclists registered in the Olomouc and the Zlín regions, the Czech Republic, between 2005 and 2013 were the subject of this study.: Methods: We analyzed the autopsy reports, where the principal ...

Abstract	Objectives: The circumstances and causes of death of 129 cyclists registered in the Olomouc and the Zlín regions, the Czech Republic, between 2005 and 2013 were the subject of this study. Methods: We analyzed the autopsy reports, where the principal cause of death was stated, and obtained a detailed description of the circumstances recorded by the police officers. Results: Eighty-three cases (64.3% of the set) were collisions involving a motor vehicle. The driver was the guilty party in 57 cases (68.7%) and the cyclist in the remaining 26 cases (31.3%). The most frequent cause of the crash was connected with right of way (29 cases). Cars were involved in 52 cases; heavy vehicles, including buses, in 26 cases; and motorcycles in 5 cases. Single-vehicle crashes consisted of 43 (33.3%) cases. We divided this group into 3 subgroups based on whether the particular case could be attributed to a cyclist having lost control of the bicycle (31 cases) or to other particular causes. Sixty-eight cases (52.7%) of fatal outcomes were directly linked to intracranial injuries. Multiple injuries were the principal cause of death in 19 cases (14.7%), followed by hemorrhagic traumatic shock (12 cases, 9.3%). Seventy-two (55.8%) cyclists died immediately after the crash and 23 (17.8%) cyclists died within a day of the accident. Conclusions: Trucks were more dangerous to cyclists than cars at intersections, whereas cars were more dangerous on straight sections. The most important pattern was identified as a motor vehicle hitting a cyclist from behind on a straight road section. We identified a strong underestimation of natural death as a cause of cycling fatalities in the official police reports.
MeSH term(s)	Accidents, Traffic/mortality ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Automobiles/statistics & numerical data ; Bicycling/injuries ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Czech Republic/epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Motor Vehicles/statistics & numerical data ; Police ; Records as Topic ; Risk Factors ; Wounds and Injuries/mortality ; Young Adult
Language	English
Publishing date	2016--18
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2089818-6
ISSN	1538-957X ; 1538-9588
ISSN (online)	1538-957X
ISSN	1538-9588
DOI	10.1080/15389588.2015.1094183
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Article: Manner of Death of Older People with Regard to Blood Alcohol Concentration.

Juríčková, Lubica / Ivanová, Kateřina / Dobiáš, Martin / Andrášik, Richard / Ondra, Peter

Central European journal of public health

2017 Volume 25, Issue 4, Page(s) 266–270

Abstract: Objective: Alcohol abuse is related to a wide variety of negative health outcomes including mortality in older people. Alcohol abuse in older people is characterised by certain specific features uncommon in general adult population. The main objective ... ...

Abstract	Objective: Alcohol abuse is related to a wide variety of negative health outcomes including mortality in older people. Alcohol abuse in older people is characterised by certain specific features uncommon in general adult population. The main objective of this study was to analyse the autopsy protocols of deceased older people in relation to blood alcohol concentration (BAC), sex, age, and manner of death. As a positive BAC, >0.20 g/kg was accepted. Methods: The sample consists of 1,012 deceased older people (i.e. aged 65 years and over) selected out of 2,377 autopsied subjects in the period from 2003–2013. Subjects included into the sample were chosen via the proportional sampling method. Data (BAC, sex, age, and manner of death) was recorded in a single structured protocol. Data was evaluated statistically (Kolmogorov-Smirnov two-sample test, Wilcoxon two-sample test, risk ratio). Results: Among older people, there has been a statistically significant correlation of natural death with sex (men died earlier) and with increased BAC (people with positive BAC died earlier). In case of violent death there is a difference in the types of accidents in older people with positive BAC (>0.2 g/kg) and with negative BAC (≤0.2 g/kg). Drowning is more common in older people with positive BAC. Conclusions: Health campaigns in Europe and the Czech Republic aimed at reducing alcohol consumption mainly deal with young people. Alcohol abuse has an impact on premature mortality even in older people. As shown by this study, older people with positive BAC die significantly earlier.
MeSH term(s)	Age Factors ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Alcoholism/mortality ; Blood Alcohol Content ; Cause of Death ; Czech Republic/epidemiology ; Female ; Geriatric Assessment/statistics & numerical data ; Humans ; Male ; Retrospective Studies ; Sex Factors
Chemical Substances	Blood Alcohol Content
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-12
Publishing country	Czech Republic
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1176053-9
ISSN	1803-1048 ; 1210-7778 ; 0022-1732
ISSN (online)	1803-1048
ISSN	1210-7778 ; 0022-1732
DOI	10.21101/cejph.a4749
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