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Article: Measuring the Average Peak Timing of Kinematic Variables in Youth and Adolescent Baseball Pitchers.

Boland, Mark / Zambanini, Daniel / Mulligan, Ivan / Donegan, Sean

International journal of sports physical therapy

2023 Volume V18, Issue 3, Page(s) 707–714

Abstract: Background: Previous studies have examined the timing of peak kinematic variables during the pitching cycle in high school, collegiate, and professional pitchers. These same variables have been studied less in younger populations.: Purpose: To ... ...

Abstract	Background: Previous studies have examined the timing of peak kinematic variables during the pitching cycle in high school, collegiate, and professional pitchers. These same variables have been studied less in younger populations. Purpose: To determine whether youth and adolescent baseball pitchers will experience peaks in certain kinematic variables at different times throughout the pitching cycle compared to professional/collegiate pitchers. Study design: Cross-sectional, descriptive study. Methods: Twenty-four participants were recruited for testing consisting of five recorded pitches using 3-Dimensional VICON® motion analysis system. The maximum values and timing of the peak kinematic variables were averaged across all trials using VICON Polygon® data analysis software. These values were recorded as percentages of the pitching cycle, defined from foot contact (0%) to ball release (100%). The following variables were examined: shoulder external rotation range of motion, shoulder internal rotation velocity, trunk rotation range of motion, trunk rotation velocity, pelvic rotation velocity, and stride length. Descriptive outcomes were calculated and results were compared to previous studies examining the same variables in collegiate and professional pitchers. Results: Twenty-four male participants (mean age 12.75 years, SD ± 2.02) were included in the study. Mean and standard deviations were identified for peak kinematic variables of shoulder external rotation ROM (158.71°, ±9.32), shoulder internal rotation velocity (92.26 rad/sec, ±19.29), trunk rotation velocity (15.94 rad/sec, ±1.68), trunk rotation ROM (23.57°, ±8.14), and average stride length (81.97% height ±4.57). Additionally, mean and standard deviations of peak kinematic variables were expressed as percentages to reflect when they occurred in the pitching cycle and included trunk rotation ROM (8.45%, ±12.72), pelvic rotation velocity (33.26%, ±16.42), trunk rotation velocity (41.59%, ±9.27), shoulder external rotation ROM (71.34%, ±6.61), and shoulder internal rotation velocity (86.93%, ±6.45). Conclusion: The sequential order of each variable was similar in youth and adolescents in comparison to collegiate and professional pitchers. However, the timing of each variable within the pitching cycle occurred approximately 10% earlier in the younger pitchers. The findings suggest differences in pitching mechanics exist between younger and more experienced populations. Level of evidence: Level 3.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-01
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2628664-6
ISSN	2159-2896
ISSN	2159-2896
DOI	10.26603/001c.75224
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: A lightweight transformer for faster and robust EBSD data collection.

Dong, Harry / Donegan, Sean / Shah, Megna / Chi, Yuejie

Scientific reports

2023 Volume 13, Issue 1, Page(s) 21253

Abstract: Three dimensional electron back-scattered diffraction (EBSD) microscopy is a critical tool in many applications in materials science, yet its data quality can fluctuate greatly during the arduous collection process, particularly via serial-sectioning. ... ...

Abstract	Three dimensional electron back-scattered diffraction (EBSD) microscopy is a critical tool in many applications in materials science, yet its data quality can fluctuate greatly during the arduous collection process, particularly via serial-sectioning. Fortunately, 3D EBSD data is inherently sequential, opening up the opportunity to use transformers, state-of-the-art deep learning architectures that have made breakthroughs in a plethora of domains, for data processing and recovery. To be more robust to errors and accelerate this 3D EBSD data collection, we introduce a two step method that recovers missing slices in an 3D EBSD volume, using an efficient transformer model and a projection algorithm to process the transformer's outputs. Overcoming the computational and practical hurdles of deep learning with scarce high dimensional data, we train this model using only synthetic 3D EBSD data with self-supervision and obtain superior recovery accuracy on real 3D EBSD data, compared to existing methods.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-01
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2615211-3
ISSN	2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
ISSN (online)	2045-2322
ISSN	2045-2322
DOI	10.1038/s41598-023-47936-6
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Book ; Online: Deep Unfolded Tensor Robust PCA with Self-supervised Learning

Dong, Harry / Shah, Megna / Donegan, Sean / Chi, Yuejie

2022

Abstract: Tensor robust principal component analysis (RPCA), which seeks to separate a low-rank tensor from its sparse corruptions, has been crucial in data science and machine learning where tensor structures are becoming more prevalent. While powerful, existing ... ...

Abstract	Tensor robust principal component analysis (RPCA), which seeks to separate a low-rank tensor from its sparse corruptions, has been crucial in data science and machine learning where tensor structures are becoming more prevalent. While powerful, existing tensor RPCA algorithms can be difficult to use in practice, as their performance can be sensitive to the choice of additional hyperparameters, which are not straightforward to tune. In this paper, we describe a fast and simple self-supervised model for tensor RPCA using deep unfolding by only learning four hyperparameters. Despite its simplicity, our model expunges the need for ground truth labels while maintaining competitive or even greater performance compared to supervised deep unfolding. Furthermore, our model is capable of operating in extreme data-starved scenarios. We demonstrate these claims on a mix of synthetic data and real-world tasks, comparing performance against previously studied supervised deep unfolding methods and Bayesian optimization baselines.
Keywords	Statistics - Machine Learning ; Computer Science - Machine Learning
Subject code	006
Publishing date	2022-12-21
Publishing country	us
Document type	Book ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: Dynamical-statistical seasonal forecasts of winter and summer precipitation for the Island of Ireland.

Golian, Saeed / Murphy, Conor / Wilby, Robert L / Matthews, Tom / Donegan, Seán / Quinn, Dáire Foran / Harrigan, Shaun

International journal of climatology : a journal of the Royal Meteorological Society

2022 Volume 42, Issue 11, Page(s) 5714–5731

Abstract: Seasonal precipitation forecasting is highly challenging for the northwest fringes of Europe due to complex dynamical drivers. Hybrid dynamical-statistical approaches offer potential to improve forecast skill. Here, hindcasts of mean sea level pressure ( ... ...

Abstract	Seasonal precipitation forecasting is highly challenging for the northwest fringes of Europe due to complex dynamical drivers. Hybrid dynamical-statistical approaches offer potential to improve forecast skill. Here, hindcasts of mean sea level pressure (MSLP) from two dynamical systems (GloSea5 and SEAS5) are used to derive two distinct sets of indices for forecasting winter (DJF) and summer (JJA) precipitation over lead-times of 1-4 months. These indices provide predictors of seasonal precipitation via a multiple linear regression model (MLR) and an artificial neural network (ANN) applied to four Irish rainfall regions and the Island of Ireland. Forecast skill for each model, lead time, and region was evaluated using the correlation coefficient (
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-02-15
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1491204-1
ISSN	1097-0088 ; 0899-8418
ISSN (online)	1097-0088
ISSN	0899-8418
DOI	10.1002/joc.7557
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Article ; Online: Benchmarking seasonal forecasting skill using river flow persistence in Irish catchments

Foran Quinn, Dáire / Murphy, Conor / Wilby, R. L. / Matthews, Tom / Broderick, Ciaran / Golian, Saeed / Donegan, Seán / Harrigan, Shaun

Hydrological sciences journal. 2021 Mar. 12, v. 66, no. 4 p.672-688

2021

Abstract: This study assesses the seasonal forecast skill of river flow persistence in 46 catchments representing a range of hydrogeological conditions across Ireland. Skill is evaluated against a climatology benchmark forecast and by examining correlations ... ...

Abstract	This study assesses the seasonal forecast skill of river flow persistence in 46 catchments representing a range of hydrogeological conditions across Ireland. Skill is evaluated against a climatology benchmark forecast and by examining correlations between predicted and observed flow anomalies. Forecasts perform best when initialized in drier summer months, 87% of which show greater skill relative to the benchmark at a 1-month horizon. Such skill declines as forecast horizon increases due to the longer time a catchment has to “forget” initial anomalous flow conditions and/or to be impacted by “new” events. Skill is related to physical catchment descriptors such as the baseflow index (correlation ρ = 0.86) and is greatest in permeable high-storage catchments. The distinct seasonal and spatial variations in persistence skill allow us to pinpoint when and where this method can provide a useful benchmark in the future development of more complex seasonal hydrological forecasting approaches in Ireland.
Keywords	base flow ; climatology ; river flow ; summer ; watersheds ; Ireland ; seasonal hydrological forecasting ; prediction ; persistence
Language	English
Dates of publication	2021-0312
Size	p. 672-688.
Publishing place	Taylor & Francis
Document type	Article ; Online
ISSN	2150-3435
DOI	10.1080/02626667.2021.1874612
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Transcranial motor-evoked potentials for prediction of postoperative neurologic and motor deficit following surgery for thoracolumbar scoliosis.

Miller, Samuel M / Donegan, Sean W / Voigt, Niesha / Eltorai, Adam E M / Nguyen, Joseph / Machan, Jason T / Daniels, Alan H / Shetty, Teena

Orthopedic reviews

2019 Volume 11, Issue 1, Page(s) 7757

Abstract: Transcranial motor-evoked potentials (TcMEPs) are used to monitor the descending motor pathway during scoliosis surgery. By comparing potentials before and after correction, surgeons may prevent postoperative functional loss in distal muscles. There is ... ...

Abstract	Transcranial motor-evoked potentials (TcMEPs) are used to monitor the descending motor pathway during scoliosis surgery. By comparing potentials before and after correction, surgeons may prevent postoperative functional loss in distal muscles. There is currently no consensus as to which muscles should be monitored. The purpose of this study is to determine the least invasive monitoring protocol with the best localization of potential neurologic deficit. A retrospective review of 125 patients with TcMEP monitoring during surgery for thoracolumbar scoliosis between 2008 and 2015 was conducted. 18 patients had postoperative neurologic consult due to deficit. The remaining 107 patients were a consecutive cohort without postoperative neurologic consult. TcMEPs were recorded from vastus lateralis (VL), tibialis anterior (TA), peroneus longus (PL), adductor hallucis (AH) and abductor pollicis brevis (APB) bilaterally. The effectiveness of each muscle combination was evaluated independently and then compared to other combinations using Akaike Information Criterion (AIC). Monitoring of VL, TA, PL, and AH yielded sensitivity of 77.8% and specificity of 92.5% (AIC=66.7). Monitoring of TA, PL and AH yielded sensitivity of 77.8% and specificity of 94.4% (AIC=62.4). Monitoring of VL, TA and PL yielded sensitivity of 72.2% and specificity of 93.5% (AIC=70.1). Monitoring of TA and PL yielded sensitivity of 72.2% and specificity of 96.3% (AIC=63.9). TcMEP monitoring of TA, PL, and AH provided the highest sensitivity and specificity and best predictive power for postoperative lower extremity weakness.
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-03-12
Publishing country	Italy
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2508171-8
ISSN	2035-8164 ; 2035-8237
ISSN (online)	2035-8164
ISSN	2035-8237
DOI	10.4081/or.2019.7757
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Article ; Online: A randomized crossover study of the effects of lidocaine on motor- and sensory-evoked potentials during spinal surgery.

Urban, Michael K / Fields, Kara / Donegan, Sean W / Beathe, Jonathan C / Pinter, David W / Boachie-Adjei, Oheneba / Emerson, Ronald G

The spine journal : official journal of the North American Spine Society

2017 Volume 17, Issue 12, Page(s) 1889–1896

Abstract: Background context: Lidocaine has emerged as a useful adjuvant anesthetic agent for cases requiring intraoperative monitoring of motor-evoked potentials (MEPs) and somatosensory-evoked potentials (SSEPs). A previous retrospective study suggested that ... ...

Abstract	Background context: Lidocaine has emerged as a useful adjuvant anesthetic agent for cases requiring intraoperative monitoring of motor-evoked potentials (MEPs) and somatosensory-evoked potentials (SSEPs). A previous retrospective study suggested that lidocaine could be used as a component of propofol-based intravenous anesthesia without adversely affecting MEP or SSEP monitoring, but did not address the effect of the addition of lidocaine on the MEP and SSEP signals of individual patients. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the intrapatient effects of the addition of lidocaine to balanced anesthesia on MEPs and SSEPs during multilevel posterior spinal fusion. Study design: This is a prospective, two-treatment, two-period crossover randomized controlled trial with a blinded primary outcome assessment. Patient sample: Forty patients undergoing multilevel posterior spinal fusion were studied. Outcome measures: The primary outcome measures were MEP voltage thresholds and SSEP amplitudes. Secondary outcome measures included isoflurane concentrations and hemodynamic parameters. Methods: Each participant received two anesthetic treatments (propofol 50 mcg/kg/h and propofol 25 mcg/kg/h+lidocaine 1 mg/kg/h) along with isoflurane, ketamine, and diazepam. In this manner, each patient served as his or her own control. The order of administration of the two treatments was determined randomly. Results: There were no significant within-patient differences between MEP threshold voltages or SSEP amplitudes during the two anesthetic treatments. Conclusions: Lidocaine may be used as a component of balanced anesthesia during multilevel spinal fusions without adversely affecting the monitoring of SSEPs or MEPs in individual patients.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Anesthetics, Intravenous/administration & dosage ; Anesthetics, Intravenous/adverse effects ; Anesthetics, Intravenous/therapeutic use ; Evoked Potentials, Motor/drug effects ; Evoked Potentials, Somatosensory/drug effects ; Female ; Humans ; Lidocaine/administration & dosage ; Lidocaine/adverse effects ; Lidocaine/therapeutic use ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Monitoring, Intraoperative ; Propofol/administration & dosage ; Propofol/adverse effects ; Propofol/therapeutic use ; Spinal Fusion/methods
Chemical Substances	Anesthetics, Intravenous ; Lidocaine (98PI200987) ; Propofol (YI7VU623SF)
Language	English
Publishing date	2017
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Randomized Controlled Trial ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2037072-6
ISSN	1878-1632 ; 1529-9430
ISSN (online)	1878-1632
ISSN	1529-9430
DOI	10.1016/j.spinee.2017.06.024
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Book ; Online: Geo-locate Project

Noone, Simon / Brody, Alison / Brown, Sasha / Cantwell, Niamh / Coleman, Martha / Sarsfield Collins, Louise / Darcy, Caoilfhionn / Dee, Dick / Donegan, Seán / Fealy, Rowan / Flattery, Padraig / Mc Govern, Rhonda / Menkman, Caspar / Murphy, Michael / Phillips, Christopher / Roche, Martina / Thorne, Peter

eISSN: 2569-7110

A novel approach to resolving meteorological station location issues with the assistance of undergraduate students

2019

Abstract: The Global Land and Marine Observations Database aims to produce a comprehensive land based meteorological data archive and inventory. This requires the compilation of available land-based station meteorological data information from all known available ... ...

Abstract	The Global Land and Marine Observations Database aims to produce a comprehensive land based meteorological data archive and inventory. This requires the compilation of available land-based station meteorological data information from all known available in-situ meteorological data repositories/sources at multiple timescales (e.g. sub-daily, daily and monthly). During this process the service team members have identified that many of the data sources contained stations with incorrect location coordinates. These stations cannot be included in the processing to be served via the Copernicus Climate Change Service until the issues are satisfactorily resolved. Many of these stations are located in regions of the world where a sparsity of climate data currently exists, such as Southeast Asia and South America. As such, resolving these issues would provide important additional climate data, but this is a very labour-intensive task. Therefore, we have developed the Geo-locate project enrolling the help of undergraduate Geography students at Maynooth University, Ireland, to resolve some of the land-based station geolocation issues. We have successfully run two Geo-locate projects, the first in the second semester of the 2017/18 academic year and the second in the 2018/19 academic year. Both iterations to date have been very successful with 1926 out of 2168 total candidate stations ostensibly resolved, which equates to an 88 % success rate. At the same time, students gained critical skills helping to meet the expected pedagogical outcomes of the second-year curriculum, while producing a lasting scientific legacy. We asked the class of 2018/19 to reflect critically upon the outcomes and present the results herein which provide important feedback on what students felt that they gained from their participation and how we may improve the experience and learning outcomes in future. We will be continuing to run Geo-locate projects over the next few years. Due to the success of the Geo-locate project we encourage other organisations to investigate the potential for engaging university students to help resolve similar data issues while enriching the student experience and aiding the delivery of learning outcomes. This paper provides details of the project, and all supporting information such as project guidelines and templates to enable this.
Subject code	910
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-07-05
Publishing country	de
Document type	Book ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Book ; Online: Geo-locate project

Noone, Simon / Brody, Alison / Brown, Sasha / Cantwell, Niamh / Coleman, Martha / Sarsfield Collins, Louise / Darcy, Caoilfhionn / Dee, Dick / Donegan, Seán / Fealy, Rowan / Flattery, Padraig / McGovern, Rhonda / Menkman, Caspar / Murphy, Michael / Phillips, Christopher / Roche, Martina / Thorne, Peter

eISSN: 2569-7110

a novel approach to resolving meteorological station location issues with the assistance of undergraduate students

2019

Abstract: The Global Land and Marine Observations Database aims to produce a comprehensive land-based meteorological data archive and inventory. This requires the compilation of available information on data from land-based meteorological stations from all known ... ...

Abstract	The Global Land and Marine Observations Database aims to produce a comprehensive land-based meteorological data archive and inventory. This requires the compilation of available information on data from land-based meteorological stations from all known available in situ meteorological data repositories/sources at multiple timescales (e.g. sub-daily, daily, and monthly). During this process the service team members have identified that many of the data sources contain stations with incorrect location coordinates. These stations cannot be included in the processing to be served via the Copernicus Climate Change Service until the issues are satisfactorily resolved. Many of these stations are in regions of the world where a sparsity of climate data currently exists, such as Southeast Asia and South America. As such, resolving these issues would provide important additional climate data, but this is a very labour-intensive task. Therefore, we have developed the Geo-locate project – that enrols the help of undergraduate geography students at Maynooth University, Ireland – to resolve some of the land-based station geolocation issues. To date, we have run two Geo-locate projects: the first in the 2017/2018 academic year and the second in the 2018/2019 academic year. Both iterations have been very successful with 1926 of the 2168 total candidate stations ostensibly resolved, which equates to an 88 % success rate. At the same time, students have gained critical skills that helped to meet the expected pedagogical outcomes of the second-year curriculum, while producing a lasting scientific legacy. We asked the class of 2018/2019 to reflect critically upon the outcomes, and we present the results herein; these results provide important feedback on what students felt that they gained from their participation and how we may improve the experience and learning outcomes in future. We will be continuing to run Geo-locate projects over the next few years. We encourage other organizations to investigate the potential for engaging university students to help resolve similar data issues while enriching the student experience and aiding in the delivery of learning outcomes. This paper provides details of the project, and all supporting information such as project guidelines and templates to enable other organizations to instigate similar programmes.
Subject code	910
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-11-08
Publishing country	de
Document type	Book ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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