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Article: Overview on brain function enhancement of Internet addicts through exercise intervention: Based on reward-execution-decision cycle.

Chen, Hao / Dong, Guijun / Li, Kefeng

2023 Volume 14, Page(s) 1094583

Abstract: Internet addiction (IA) has become an impulse control disorder included in the category of psychiatric disorders. The IA trend significantly increased after the outbreak of the new crown epidemic. IA damages some brain functions in humans. Emerging ... ...

Abstract	Internet addiction (IA) has become an impulse control disorder included in the category of psychiatric disorders. The IA trend significantly increased after the outbreak of the new crown epidemic. IA damages some brain functions in humans. Emerging evidence suggests that exercise exerts beneficial effects on the brain function and cognitive level damaged by IA. This work reviews the neurobiological mechanisms of IA and describes the brain function impairment by IA from three systems: reward, execution, and decision-making. Furthermore, we sort out the research related to exercise intervention on IA and its effect on improving brain function. The internal and external factors that produce IA must be considered when summarizing movement interventions from a behavioral perspective. We can design exercise prescriptions based on exercise interests and achieve the goal of quitting IA. This work explores the possible mechanisms of exercise to improve IA through systematic analysis. Furthermore, this work provides research directions for the future targeted design of exercise prescriptions.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-02
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2564218-2
ISSN	1664-0640
ISSN	1664-0640
DOI	10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1094583
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Article ; Online: Martial arts enhances working memory and attention in school-aged children: A functional near-infrared spectroscopy study.

Li, Kefeng / Dong, Guijun / Gao, Quanfa

Journal of experimental child psychology

2023 Volume 235, Page(s) 105725

Abstract: Interventions can improve working memory and attention in school-aged children, but little is known about how regional changes in brain activity promoted by exercise mediate this cognitive improvement. This study focused on the improved neurocognitive ... ...

Abstract	Interventions can improve working memory and attention in school-aged children, but little is known about how regional changes in brain activity promoted by exercise mediate this cognitive improvement. This study focused on the improved neurocognitive functions and intrinsic regional variation within the brain by comparing school-aged children in a martial arts group with those in free-play and rest groups. With a pretest-posttest design, the d2 attention test and N-back tasks were carried out. Functional near-infrared spectroscopy was performed during the pre- and post-intervention N-back tasks and rest. Following the intervention, the d2 attention in all groups remarkably increased, and the attention level of the martial arts group was substantially higher than those of the other two groups. Free-play and martial arts shortened the 1- and 2-back task reaction time and increased the 2-back accuracy rate (AR), and the martial arts group exhibited a significantly higher AR than the other two groups. In addition, the martial arts group showed higher activations in the right orbitofrontal cortex and right Broca's area (r-BA) regions post-intervention 1-back tasks, whereas a strong correlation was observed between 1-back performance and the related brain region. However, under the 2-back task, although the cognitive control was improved, the martial arts group decreased activation in the left frontopolar area and free play decreased the activation in the r-BA and right somatosensory cortex. Together, our findings showed that martial arts could be more conducive to cognitive improvement than physical exercise that requires no cognitive skills and that performing interventions in the earlier stages of childhood may improve the regulation of neural networks involved in cognitive control.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Child ; Memory, Short-Term ; Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared ; Brain/diagnostic imaging ; Brain/physiology ; Attention/physiology ; Martial Arts/physiology ; Martial Arts/psychology
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-17
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	218137-x
ISSN	1096-0457 ; 0022-0965
ISSN (online)	1096-0457
ISSN	0022-0965
DOI	10.1016/j.jecp.2023.105725
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Article ; Online: Sports game intervention aids executive function enhancement in children with autism - An fNIRS study.

Chen, Hao / Liang, Qi / Wang, Baijie / Liu, Hexiang / Dong, Guijun / Li, Kefeng

Neuroscience letters

2024 Volume 822, Page(s) 137647

Abstract: Executive dysfunction is a prevalent issue in children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). While the efficacy of physical exercise in enhancing cognitive abilities in these children is well-documented, research exploring the relationship ... ...

Abstract	Executive dysfunction is a prevalent issue in children diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). While the efficacy of physical exercise in enhancing cognitive abilities in these children is well-documented, research exploring the relationship between physical exercise and brain function remains limited. This study aimed to investigate the impact of cognitively stimulating exercise on executive functions (EF) in children with ASD. The study enrolled thirty children with ASD who were randomly allocated into two groups: a sports game learning group (n = 15) and a control group (n = 15). Functional near-infrared spectroscopy was utilized to monitor cerebral function alterations pre- and post- an eight-week intervention program. The study focused on three core components of executive function: working memory, inhibitory control (IC), and cognitive flexibility (CF). Results revealed a significant improvement in the EF in the intervention group. After eight weeks of intervention, neural activity, along with improved EF performance, was enhanced significantly in the prefrontal cortex (PFC). During post-intervention, EF tasks were also significantly activated in the dorsolateral PFC, orbitofrontal cortex, and frontal pole area. Furthermore, an increase in short-distance functional connectivity within the PFC was observed during resting states. These results imply that engagement in sports game training can significantly improve EF information processing, augmenting task-related cortical activations and the efficiency of brain function networks in children with ASD.
MeSH term(s)	Child ; Humans ; Executive Function ; Autism Spectrum Disorder ; Autistic Disorder/therapy ; Memory, Short-Term ; Cognition
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-17
Publishing country	Ireland
Document type	Randomized Controlled Trial ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	194929-9
ISSN	1872-7972 ; 0304-3940
ISSN (online)	1872-7972
ISSN	0304-3940
DOI	10.1016/j.neulet.2024.137647
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Article: Molecular mechanisms of exercise intervention in alleviating the symptoms of autism spectrum disorder: Targeting the structural alterations of synapse.

Zong, Wenhao / Lu, Xiaowen / Dong, Guijun / Zhang, Li / Li, Kefeng

Frontiers in psychiatry

2023 Volume 14, Page(s) 1096503

Abstract: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex and heterogeneous neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by stereotyped behaviors, specific interests, and impaired social and communication skills. Synapses are fundamental structures for transmitting ... ...

Abstract	Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a complex and heterogeneous neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by stereotyped behaviors, specific interests, and impaired social and communication skills. Synapses are fundamental structures for transmitting information between neurons. It has been reported that synaptic deficits, such as the increased or decreased density of synapses, may contribute to the onset of ASD, which affects the synaptic function and neuronal circuits. Therefore, targeting the recovery of the synaptic normal structure and function may be a promising therapeutic strategy to alleviate ASD symptoms. Exercise intervention has been shown to regulate the structural plasticity of synapses and improve ASD symptoms, but the underlying molecular mechanisms require further exploration. In this review, we highlight the characteristics of synaptic structural alterations in the context of ASD and the beneficial effects of an exercise intervention on improving ASD symptoms. Finally, we explore the possible molecular mechanisms of improving ASD symptoms through exercise intervention from the perspective of regulating synaptic structural plasticity, which contributes to further optimizing the related strategies of exercise intervention promoting ASD rehabilitation in future.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-31
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2564218-2
ISSN	1664-0640
ISSN	1664-0640
DOI	10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1096503
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Article ; Online: Effects of Drought Stress and Ca Supply on the Biomass Allocation Strategies of Poplar and Mulberry

Zhang, Tengzi / Dong, Guijun / Tian, Yaguang / Zhou, Yongbin / Li, Yanan / Zhang, Songzhu / Li, Hui

Forests. 2023 Mar. 03, v. 14, no. 3

2023

Abstract: In order to investigate the effect of Ca on the biomass allocation strategies of tree species with different growth rates under drought conditions, we treated poplar (Populus canadensis cv) cuttings and mulberry (Morus alba) seedlings with two soil ... ...

Abstract	In order to investigate the effect of Ca on the biomass allocation strategies of tree species with different growth rates under drought conditions, we treated poplar (Populus canadensis cv) cuttings and mulberry (Morus alba) seedlings with two soil moisture levels (40 ± 5% and 80 ± 5% maximum water holding capacity) and two soil Ca levels (0 and 200 mg·kg⁻¹ Ca²⁺) in a greenhouse experiment, and then measured the Ca uptake, growth, gas exchange parameters, biomass allocation, and leaf traits. Drought induced a reduction in biomass accumulation of poplar cuttings and mulberry seedlings, and the cuttings and seedlings exhibited different biomass allocation patterns in response to drought stress. Under Ca0 treatment, poplar cuttings allocated more biomass to leaves and less biomass to stems under drought conditions, leading to an increased leaf/stem (L/St) ratio and higher SLA than under moist conditions in order to maintain higher Pn, and had enhanced WUE to cope with drought stress. Under the same treatment, mulberry seedlings allocated more biomass to roots and less biomass to stems, leading to an increased root/shoot (R/S) ratio and lower SLA, to improve drought resistance. Ca200 treatment decreased the growth of poplar cuttings and mulberry seedlings, whereas it enhanced the WUE, root growth, and R/S ratio of poplar cuttings and the WUE of mulberry seedlings, and alleviated drought stress in both species.
Keywords	Morus alba ; Populus canadensis ; biomass production ; calcium ; drought ; drought tolerance ; dry matter partitioning ; gas exchange ; greenhouse experimentation ; leaves ; mulberries ; root growth ; soil water ; trees ; water stress
Language	English
Dates of publication	2023-0303
Publishing place	Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Document type	Article ; Online
ZDB-ID	2527081-3
ISSN	1999-4907
ISSN	1999-4907
DOI	10.3390/f14030505
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Effects of Competition on the Vertical Distribution of Foliage Biomass within the Crowns of Planted Korean Pine Trees in Northeast China

Gao, Huilin / Feng, Jian / Chen, Dongsheng / Hou, Yimei / Sun, Yunxia / Dong, Guijun

Forests. 2023 May 12, v. 14, no. 5

2023

Abstract: The characteristics and distribution of foliage biomass are important aspects of the crown structures of trees. In this study, we developed a foliage biomass distribution model at the branch level and annual shoot level (i.e., all branches on an annual ... ...

Abstract	The characteristics and distribution of foliage biomass are important aspects of the crown structures of trees. In this study, we developed a foliage biomass distribution model at the branch level and annual shoot level (i.e., all branches on an annual increment of the main tree bole) using a sample of 51 Korean pine trees that were destructively sampled in Liaoning Province, northeast China. A variety of independent variables, including branches, trees, and forest competition, were used as explanatory variables in the model development. Our results indicated that foliage biomass at the branch level increased with an increasing relative distance from the tree tip into the crown. The peak of the foliage biomass distribution shifted to the tree tip with increasing tree age. A power function, including branch diameter and competition variables, showed excellent performance in modeling branch foliage at the branch level. The final model, which included branch diameter, competition variables, and relative distance to branch base for the relative foliage density, showed best performance. The trees that showed advantageous growth ability also had a larger amount of foliage biomass.
Keywords	Pinus koraiensis ; biomass ; forests ; leaves ; models ; spatial distribution ; tree age ; tree trunk ; trees ; China
Language	English
Dates of publication	2023-0512
Publishing place	Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Document type	Article ; Online
ZDB-ID	2527081-3
ISSN	1999-4907
ISSN	1999-4907
DOI	10.3390/f14051005
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Impact of ethanol vapor treatment on the quality of water bamboo (Zizania caduciflora L.) shoots during cold storage

Dong, Guijun / Wang, Chunfang / Liu, Hongru / Liu, Chenxia / Qiao, Yongjin

Journal of food processing and preservation. 2022 May, v. 46, no. 5

2022

Abstract: This study evaluated the effect of ethanol vapor treatments on the physicochemical characteristics and quality of postharvest water bamboo shoots (WBS) (Zizania caduciflora L.). WBS were treated with ethanol vapor at doses of 0 (control), 500, 750, and ... ...

Abstract	This study evaluated the effect of ethanol vapor treatments on the physicochemical characteristics and quality of postharvest water bamboo shoots (WBS) (Zizania caduciflora L.). WBS were treated with ethanol vapor at doses of 0 (control), 500, 750, and 1000 μl/L at 0 ± 1°C for 35 days. The fruit were evaluated for weight loss, firmness, color, total soluble solids, soluble sugars, malondialdehyde, lignin, and lignification‐related enzyme activities. The results revealed that all ethanol treatments could inhibit the weight loss and softening of WBS, reduce the reduction of soluble solids and soluble sugars content, inhibit the lignification‐associated enzymes peroxidase and phenylalanine ammonia lyase activities, and reduce the synthesis of lignin. Among them, the 750 μl/L ethanol vapor treatment had a significant effect on all tested parameters and maintained the storage quality of WBS better than other treatments. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Water bamboo shoot is a nutritionally rich aquatic vegetable. However, its quality deteriorates rapidly after harvest due to wilting, softening, and lignification. The ethanol vapor treatment in this study significantly reduced the softening and lignification of WBS. The ethanol vapor treatment is simple and has less residue, which is effective in maintaining the fruit quality and reducing the nutritional loss of WBS after harvest. It is a safe and environmentally friendly preservation method for WBS.
Keywords	Zizania latifolia ; bamboo shoots ; bamboos ; cold storage ; color ; ethanol ; firmness ; fruit quality ; fruits ; lignification ; lignin ; malondialdehyde ; peroxidase ; phenylalanine ammonia-lyase ; storage quality ; vapors ; weight loss
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-05
Publishing place	John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Document type	Article
Note	JOURNAL ARTICLE
ZDB-ID	243448-9
ISSN	1745-4549 ; 0145-8892
ISSN (online)	1745-4549
ISSN	0145-8892
DOI	10.1111/jfpp.16494
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Effects of acute exercise on craving and cortical hemodynamics under drug-cue exposure in MA-dependent individuals.

Qi, Liping / Tian, Zhi-Hao / Yue, Yin / Guan, Shuo / Tang, Lei / Dong, Guijun

Neuroscience letters

2022 Volume 781, Page(s) 136672

Abstract: Background: Methamphetamine (MA) dependent individuals who want to break free of their drug habit or guard against a relapse often find it hard to overcome cravings induced by drug-related cues they are bound to encounter. The purpose of this study was ... ...

Abstract	Background: Methamphetamine (MA) dependent individuals who want to break free of their drug habit or guard against a relapse often find it hard to overcome cravings induced by drug-related cues they are bound to encounter. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of acute virtual reality (VR) enhanced physical exercise on cue-induced cravings in MA-dependent individuals. Methods: Thirty MA-dependent individuals performed a drug-cue reactivity task both before and after a 10 min VR-enhanced competitive cycling exercise. Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) was recorded during the pre- and post-exercise drug-cue reactivity tasks. Results: MA dependent individuals show higher hemodynamic responses in prefrontal cortex (PFC) to drug-related cues than to neutral cues. After acute exercise, hemodynamic responses in PFC, including bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and orbitofrontal cortex, were attenuated under the same drug-related cues exposure. Acute exercise also affected the functional connectivity between PFC and motor cortex in response to drug-related cues versus neutral cues. Conclusions: These results suggest that a single session of VR-enhanced competitive cycling exercise facilitates MA-dependent individuals' self-control over their cue-induced cravings by modulating cortical activations and brain functional networks.
MeSH term(s)	Craving/physiology ; Cues ; Exercise ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Methamphetamine
Chemical Substances	Methamphetamine (44RAL3456C)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-04-30
Publishing country	Ireland
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	194929-9
ISSN	1872-7972 ; 0304-3940
ISSN (online)	1872-7972
ISSN	0304-3940
DOI	10.1016/j.neulet.2022.136672
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Article ; Online: Acute VR competitive cycling exercise enhanced cortical activations and brain functional network efficiency in MA-dependent individuals.

Qi, Liping / Yin, Yue / Bu, Lingguo / Tang, Zekun / Tang, Lei / Dong, Guijun

Neuroscience letters

2021 Volume 757, Page(s) 135969

Abstract: Background: Methamphetamine (MA) dependence is associated with elevated rates cognitive impairment in MA users. The objective of the present study was to investigate the effects of virtual reality (VR) competitive cycling excise on the neurocognitive ... ...

Abstract	Background: Methamphetamine (MA) dependence is associated with elevated rates cognitive impairment in MA users. The objective of the present study was to investigate the effects of virtual reality (VR) competitive cycling excise on the neurocognitive functions and on negative affectivity of MA-dependent individuals. Methods: Thirty MA-dependent individuals performed a colour-word Stroop task and underwent a profile of mood states (POMS) scale assessment both before and after a 10 min VR competitive cycling exercise. Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) were recorded during the pre-and post-exercise Stroop tasks and during rest. Results: After acute exercise, neural activity, along with improved Stroop performance, was enhanced significantly in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. Also observed during post-exercise Stroop tasks was a more efficient network architecture in the topological organization of brain networks than during the pre-exercise Stroop tasks. As for resting states before versus after exercisethe, we detected an increased functional connectivity between the prefrontal cortex and the motor cortex after exercise. Conclusions: These results suggest that an acute bout of VR competitive cycling exercise facilitates executive information processing by enhancing task-related cortical activations and brain functional network efficiency in MA-dependent individuals.
MeSH term(s)	Bicycling ; Cognition/physiology ; Cognitive Dysfunction/diagnosis ; Cognitive Dysfunction/etiology ; Cognitive Dysfunction/rehabilitation ; Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex/physiology ; Executive Function/physiology ; Exergaming ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Methamphetamine/adverse effects ; Nerve Net/physiology ; Stroop Test ; Substance-Related Disorders/complications ; Substance-Related Disorders/rehabilitation ; Treatment Outcome ; Virtual Reality ; Young Adult
Chemical Substances	Methamphetamine (44RAL3456C)
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-05-21
Publishing country	Ireland
Document type	Clinical Trial ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	194929-9
ISSN	1872-7972 ; 0304-3940
ISSN (online)	1872-7972
ISSN	0304-3940
DOI	10.1016/j.neulet.2021.135969
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Article: A user-centric design approach for smart product-service systems using virtual reality: A case study

Bu, Lingguo / Chen, Chun-Hsien / Ng, Kam K.H / Zheng, Pai / Dong, Guijun / Liu, Heshan

Journal of cleaner production. 2021 Jan. 20, v. 280

2021

Abstract: Virtual reality (VR) has been applied in many different sectors, including manufacturing and engineering industries as well as in the healthcare industry where VR-equipped health products can provide better prevention, rehabilitation, and palliative care ...

Abstract	Virtual reality (VR) has been applied in many different sectors, including manufacturing and engineering industries as well as in the healthcare industry where VR-equipped health products can provide better prevention, rehabilitation, and palliative care in a user-friendly environment. The smart product-service system (PSS) aims to achieve better user experience and higher user satisfaction. Limited research has been conducted on the benefits of leveraging advanced VR systems in a sustainable smart PSS via analysis of human factors. Moreover, existing VR research lacks the systematic methods that fully consider user performance and experience in a smart manner. This study aims to outline a conceptual approach for user-centric development of value-added smart PSSs based on VR, and to develop a case study with a smart VR rowing machine to illustrate the proposed approach and to verify its feasibility and effectiveness. After the VR platform is created, user-generated and VR system-generated data are collected and processed. The value-added services of VR-assisted user experience and real-time data feedback can be achieved. The results of this ergonomic experiment were determined by jointly considering the user-generated and VR system-generated data. They showed that the developed smart VR rowing machine significantly enhanced the user experience. The value-added services of VR-assisted user experience and real-time data feedback have been achieved. Theoretically, the proposed conceptual framework for a VR-assisted, user-centric, smart PSS provides an approach of specific data-driven and value-added services compared to traditional methods since it simultaneously considers user-generated and VR system-generated data. In the practical smart PSS design of VR products, this paper contributes to the design methodology of VR products and value-added services to obtain more accurate and objective user experience. It is hoped that this study can offer insightful guidance to enterprises that are involved in the process of creating the value-added design and service based on VR.
Keywords	business enterprises ; case studies ; computer simulation ; consumer satisfaction ; design ; environment ; ergonomics ; health services ; humans ; manufacturing ; paper ; research ; value added
Language	English
Dates of publication	2021-0120
Publishing place	Elsevier Ltd
Document type	Article
Note	NAL-light
ISSN	0959-6526
DOI	10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.124413
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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