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  1. Article ; Online: Gut Dysbiosis

    Shin Young Park / Sang Pyung Lee / Dongin Kim / Woo Jin Kim

    Biomedicines, Vol 11, Iss 2352, p

    A New Avenue for Stroke Prevention and Therapeutics

    2023  Volume 2352

    Abstract: A stroke is a serious life-threatening condition and a leading cause of death and disability that happens when the blood vessels to part of the brain are blocked or burst. While major advances in the understanding of the ischemic cascade in stroke was ... ...

    Abstract A stroke is a serious life-threatening condition and a leading cause of death and disability that happens when the blood vessels to part of the brain are blocked or burst. While major advances in the understanding of the ischemic cascade in stroke was made over several decades, limited therapeutic options and high mortality and disability have caused researchers to extend the focus toward peripheral changes beyond brain. The largest proportion of microbes in human body reside in the gut and the interaction between host and microbiota in health and disease is well known. Our study aimed to explore the gut microbiota in patients with stroke with comparison to control group. Fecal samples were obtained from 51 subjects: 25 stroke patients (18 hemorrhagic, 7 ischemic) and 26 healthy control subjects. The variable region V3–V4 of the 16S rRNA gene was sequenced using the Illumina MiSeq platform. PICRUSt2 was used for prediction of metagenomics functions. Our results show taxonomic dysbiosis in stroke patients in parallel with functional dysbiosis. Here, we show that stroke patients have (1) increased Parabacteroides and Escherichia_Shigella , but decreased Prevotella and Fecalibacterium; (2) higher transposase and peptide/nickel transport system substrate-binding protein, but lower RNA polymerase sigma-70 factor and methyl-accepting chemotaxis protein, which are suggestive of malnutrition. Nutrients are essential regulators of both host and microbial physiology and function as key coordinators of host–microbe interactions. Manipulation of nutrition is expected to alleviate gut dysbiosis and prognosis and improve disability and mortality in the management of stroke.
    Keywords stroke ; gut ; dysbiosis ; nutrition ; inflammation ; microbiota ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
    Subject code 616
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-08-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  2. Article ; Online: Alendronate/cRGD-Decorated Ultrafine Hyaluronate Dot Targeting Bone Metastasis

    Eunsol Lee / Jaeduk Park / Yu Seok Youn / Kyung Taek Oh / Dongin Kim / Eun Seong Lee

    Biomedicines, Vol 8, Iss 492, p

    2020  Volume 492

    Abstract: In this study, we report the hyaluronate dot (dHA) with multiligand targeting ability and a photosensitizing antitumor model drug for treating metastatic bone tumors. Here, the dHA was chemically conjugated with alendronate (ALN, as a specific ligand to ... ...

    Abstract In this study, we report the hyaluronate dot (dHA) with multiligand targeting ability and a photosensitizing antitumor model drug for treating metastatic bone tumors. Here, the dHA was chemically conjugated with alendronate (ALN, as a specific ligand to bone), cyclic arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (cRGD, as a specific ligand to tumor integrin α v β 3 ), and photosensitizing chlorin e6 (Ce6, for photodynamic tumor therapy), denoted as (ALN/cRGD)@dHA-Ce6. These dots thus prepared (≈10 nm in diameter) enabled extensive cellular interactions such as hyaluronate (HA)-mediated CD44 receptor binding, ALN-mediated bone targeting, and cRGD-mediated tumor integrin α v β 3 binding, thus improving their tumor targeting efficiency, especially for metastasized MDA-MB-231 tumors. As a result, these dots improved the tumor targeting efficiency and tumor cell permeability in a metastatic in vivo tumor model. Indeed, we demonstrated that (ALN/cRGD)@dHA-Ce6 considerably increased photodynamic tumor ablation, the extent of which is superior to that of the tumor ablation of dot systems with single or double ligands. These results indicate that dHA with multiligand can provide an effective treatment strategy for metastatic bone tumors.
    Keywords hyaluronate dot ; alendronate ; cyclic RGD ; bone metastasis ; photodynamic tumor therpy ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
    Subject code 616
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-11-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  3. Article ; Online: An External Energy Independent WO 3 /MoCl 5 Nano-Sized Catalyst for the Superior Degradation of Crystal Violet and Rhodamine B Dye

    Dongin Kim / Geonwoo Kim / Hyeonbin Bae / Eunwoo Kim / Byunghyun Moon / Daho Cheon / Naresh Hiralal Tarte

    Catalysts, Vol 9, Iss 8, p

    2019  Volume 642

    Abstract: In this study, the synthesis of a novel catalyst WO 3 /MoCl 5 was carried out by the thermal method. The method gave an entirely different product compared to previous studies that doped Mo on the surface of semiconductor metal oxides. The degradation ... ...

    Abstract In this study, the synthesis of a novel catalyst WO 3 /MoCl 5 was carried out by the thermal method. The method gave an entirely different product compared to previous studies that doped Mo on the surface of semiconductor metal oxides. The degradation reaction of crystal violet (CV) and rhodamine B (RB) dye were done without any energy source. The results showed an incomparably superior result for degradation, with a reaction rate constant of 1.74 s −1 for 30 ppm CV, 1.08 s −1 for 30 ppm RB, and a higher value than 1 s −1 for both cases of 50 ppm dye solution. To the author’s knowledge, this catalyst has the highest reaction rate compared to other studies that targeted CV and RB, with an immense reaction rate increase of more than 100 times. Reusability of the three trials was verified, and the only process required was washing the catalyst after the reaction. One of the drawbacks of the advanced oxidation process (AOP), which has a degradation percent limit, has been solved, since 100% mineralization of the dye was available using this catalyst. FT-IR spectroscopy revealed that W-O-Mo linkage was successfully processed while Mo-Cl linkage has retained. 1 H-NMR spectroscopy results confirmed that the degradation product of the dye treated by simple MoCl 5 and WO 3 /MoCl 5 was different. Deep inspection of specific regions of NMR fields gave necessary information about the degradation product using WO 3 /MoCl 5 .
    Keywords semiconductor metal oxide ; MoCl 5 ; novel thermal synthesis pathway ; crystal violet dye ; rhodamine b dye ; dye waste treatment ; Chemical technology ; TP1-1185 ; Chemistry ; QD1-999
    Subject code 670
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-07-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  4. Article ; Online: ABL001, a Bispecific Antibody Targeting VEGF and DLL4, with Chemotherapy, Synergistically Inhibits Tumor Progression in Xenograft Models

    Dong-Hoon Yeom / Yo-Seob Lee / Ilhwan Ryu / Sunju Lee / Byungje Sung / Han-Byul Lee / Dongin Kim / Jin-Hyung Ahn / Eunsin Ha / Yong-Soo Choi / Sang Hoon Lee / Weon-Kyoo You

    International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 22, Iss 241, p

    2021  Volume 241

    Abstract: Delta-like-ligand 4 (DLL4) is a promising target to augment the effects of VEGF inhibitors. A simultaneous blockade of VEGF/VEGFR and DLL4/Notch signaling pathways leads to more potent anti-cancer effects by synergistic anti-angiogenic mechanisms in ... ...

    Abstract Delta-like-ligand 4 (DLL4) is a promising target to augment the effects of VEGF inhibitors. A simultaneous blockade of VEGF/VEGFR and DLL4/Notch signaling pathways leads to more potent anti-cancer effects by synergistic anti-angiogenic mechanisms in xenograft models. A bispecific antibody targeting VEGF and DLL4 (ABL001/NOV1501/TR009) demonstrates more potent in vitro and in vivo biological activity compared to VEGF or DLL4 targeting monoclonal antibodies alone and is currently being evaluated in a phase 1 clinical study of heavy chemotherapy or targeted therapy pre-treated cancer patients (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03292783). However, the effects of a combination of ABL001 and chemotherapy on tumor vessels and tumors are not known. Hence, the effects of ABL001, with or without paclitaxel and irinotecan were evaluated in human gastric or colon cancer xenograft models. The combination treatment synergistically inhibited tumor progression compared to each monotherapy. More tumor vessel regression and apoptotic tumor cell induction were observed in tumors treated with the combination therapy, which might be due to tumor vessel normalization. Overall, these findings suggest that the combination therapy of ABL001 with paclitaxel or irinotecan would be a better clinical strategy for the treatment of cancer patients.
    Keywords anti-angiogenesis ; delta-like ligand ; irinotecan ; paclitaxel ; therapeutic antibody ; VEGF ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5 ; Chemistry ; QD1-999
    Subject code 616 ; 610
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-12-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  5. Article ; Online: Glutathione-Depleting Pro-Oxidant as a Selective Anticancer Therapeutic Agent

    Donghyuck Yoo / Eunkyeong Jung / Joungyoun Noh / Hyejin Hyun / Semee Seon / Seri Hong / Dongin Kim / Dongwon Lee

    ACS Omega, Vol 4, Iss 6, Pp 10070-

    2019  Volume 10077

    Keywords Chemistry ; QD1-999
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-06-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher American Chemical Society
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  6. Article: A self-assembled polymeric micellar immunomodulator for cancer treatment based on cationic amphiphilic polymers

    Yim, Hyeona / Dongin Kim / Kun Na / Tarek M. Fahmy / Wooram Park

    Biomaterials. 2014 Dec., v. 35

    2014  

    Abstract: Here, we report a self-assembled polymeric micellar immunomodulator (SPI) for enhanced cancer treatment based on cationic amphiphilic polymers. To obtain the cationic amphiphilic polymer, the hydrophobic all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA) was conjugated with ...

    Abstract Here, we report a self-assembled polymeric micellar immunomodulator (SPI) for enhanced cancer treatment based on cationic amphiphilic polymers. To obtain the cationic amphiphilic polymer, the hydrophobic all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA) was conjugated with a hydrophilic low-molecular-weight PEI (LowPEI, Mn = 1.8 kDa). The ATRA–LowPEI conjugates could self-assemble in aqueous media, forming micelles with a strong positive charge (∼+40 mV) and particle sizes of ∼70 nm. Compared to conventional therapeutic agents (e.g., cisplatin), the SPI exhibited enhanced anti-cancer activity regardless of drug resistance. After mechanistic in vitro cell death studies, we revealed that the mechanical disruptive force generated by the cationic charge of SPI primarily induced necrotic cell death. Furthermore, the organelle fragments induced by the necrotic cell death triggered antitumoral immune responses. Therefore, SPI induced synergistic effects of the cationic charge-induced necrosis and antitumoral immune responses could produce an effective cancer treatment. In addition, the SPI was shielded by hyaluronic acid (HA/SPI complex) to enhance its tumor selectivity in vivo. Finally, the HA/SPI complex accumulated selectively into tumor sites after systemic administration into tumor-bearing mice, exhibiting effective antitumoral effects without systemic toxicity. Therefore, this technology holds great potential for translation into a clinical cancer treatment.
    Keywords antineoplastic activity ; cisplatin ; drug resistance ; hyaluronic acid ; hydrophilicity ; hydrophobicity ; immune response ; immunomodulators ; mice ; micelles ; necrosis ; neoplasms ; particle size ; polymers ; retinoic acid ; synergism ; toxicity
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2014-12
    Size p. 9912-9919.
    Publishing place Elsevier Ltd
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 603079-8
    ISSN 0142-9612
    ISSN 0142-9612
    DOI 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2014.08.029
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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