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Book: Advancing clean technologies for exploration of glacial aquatic ecosystems

Doran, Peter

(Annals of glaciology ; 65)

2014

Author's details	chief ed. Peter Doran
Series title	Annals of glaciology ; 65
Language	English
Size	89 S., Ill., graph. Darst.
Publisher	Internat. Glaciological Soc
Publishing place	Cambridge
Document type	Book
Database	Library catalogue of the German National Library of Science and Technology (TIB), Hannover

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Book ; Online: Advancing clean technologies for exploration of glacial aquatic ecosystems

Doran, Peter

(Annals of glaciology ; 65)

2014

Author's details	chief ed. Peter Doran
Series title	Annals of glaciology ; 65
Language	English
Size	Online-Ressource (89 S.), Ill., graph. Darst.
Publisher	Internat. Glaciological Soc
Publishing place	Cambridge
Document type	Book ; Online
Database	Library catalogue of the German National Library of Science and Technology (TIB), Hannover

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Book ; Online: A Political Economy of Attention, Mindfulness and Consumerism

Doran, Peter

Reclaiming the Mindful Commons

(Routledge Studies in Sustainability)

2015

Abstract: Cover -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Table of Contents -- Preface -- Foreword: 'a commons of the heart' -- 1 Towards a 'mindful commons': the Anthropocene and the attention revolution -- 2 The spirit of activism: non-violence as a way ... ...

Series title	Routledge Studies in Sustainability
Abstract	Cover -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Table of Contents -- Preface -- Foreword: 'a commons of the heart' -- 1 Towards a 'mindful commons': the Anthropocene and the attention revolution -- 2 The spirit of activism: non-violence as a way of life -- 3 The Cartesian legacy -- 4 Foucault, Zen and the art of challenging consumerism -- 5 Conclusions: attention deficit and ecological degradation advance together -- Index
Language	English
Size	1 Online-Ressource (131 pages)
Document type	Book ; Online
ISBN	9781138015975 ; 9781317743415 ; 9781138015975 ; 1138015970 ; 1317743415 ; 1138015970
Database	ECONomics Information System

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Article: Long‐term stream hydrology and meteorology of a Polar Desert, the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica

Gooseff, Michael N. / McKnight, Diane M. / Doran, Peter T. / Fountain, Andrew

Hydrological processes. 2022 June, v. 36, no. 6

2022

Abstract: The McMurdo Dry Valleys (MDVs; 77.50°S, 162.25°E) make up the largest ice‐free region of Antarctica at ~3500 km². Their position near the coast of the Ross Sea provides for a milder climate than much of the rest of the continent. Alpine and piedmont ... ...

Abstract	The McMurdo Dry Valleys (MDVs; 77.50°S, 162.25°E) make up the largest ice‐free region of Antarctica at ~3500 km². Their position near the coast of the Ross Sea provides for a milder climate than much of the rest of the continent. Alpine and piedmont glaciers in the MDVs melt during the austral summer providing water to down gradient streams and terminal lakes on valley floors. There are currently 14 meteorological stations and 17 stream gauges operating across the MDVs, some with continuous records that go back to 1969. This relatively high density of monitoring stations reflects the fact that glaciers of different sizes and elevation ranges are the main source of water to streams. Thus, each glacier represents a different watershed. The bulk of these records start in the late 1980s/early 1990s. These data collection activities directly support research endeavours of the McMurdo Dry Valleys Long Term Ecological Research project, as well as a host of other science groups working in the MDVs. As such, both real time data and archived data from these sites is available through the online database interface of the project (http://mcmlter.org).
Keywords	climate ; coasts ; data collection ; glaciers ; hydrology ; meteorology ; piedmont ; research projects ; streams ; summer ; watersheds ; Antarctica
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-06
Publishing place	John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Document type	Article
Note	JOURNAL ARTICLE
ZDB-ID	1479953-4
ISSN	1099-1085 ; 0885-6087
ISSN (online)	1099-1085
ISSN	0885-6087
DOI	10.1002/hyp.14623
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Adherence with reporting of ethical standards in COVID-19 human studies: a rapid review.

O'Sullivan, Lydia / Killeen, Ronan P / Doran, Peter / Crowley, Rachel K

BMC medical ethics

2021 Volume 22, Issue 1, Page(s) 80

Abstract: Background: Patients with COVID-19 may feel under pressure to participate in research during the pandemic. Safeguards to protect research participants include ethical guidelines [e.g. Declaration of Helsinki and good clinical practice (GCP)], ... ...

Abstract	Background: Patients with COVID-19 may feel under pressure to participate in research during the pandemic. Safeguards to protect research participants include ethical guidelines [e.g. Declaration of Helsinki and good clinical practice (GCP)], legislation to protect participants' privacy, research ethics committees (RECs) and informed consent. The International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE) advises researchers to document compliance with these safeguards. Adherence to publication guidelines has been suboptimal in other specialty fields. The aim of this rapid review was to determine whether COVID-19 human research publications report compliance with these ethical safeguards. Methods: A rapid systematic literature review was conducted in MEDLINE using the search term 'COVID-19'. The search was performed in April 2020 with no start date and repeated to include articles published in November 2020. Filters were 'Full free text available' and 'English Language'. Two reviewers assessed article title, abstracts and full texts. Non-COVID-19 articles and non-clinical studies were excluded. Independent reviewers conducted a second assessment of a random 20% of articles. The outcomes included reporting of compliance with the Declaration of Helsinki and GCP, REC approval, informed consent and participant privacy. Results: The searches yielded 1275 and 1942 articles of which 247 and 717 were deemed eligible, from the April search and November respectively. The majority of journals had editorial policies which purported to comply with ICMJE ethical standards. Reporting of compliance with ethical guidelines was low across all study types but was higher in the November search for case series and observational studies. Reporting of informed consent for case studies and observational studies was higher in the November search, but similar for case series. Overall, participant confidentiality was maintained but some case studies included a combination of details which would have enabled participant identification. Reporting of REC approval was higher in the November search for observational studies. Conclusions: While the majority of journal's editorial policies purported to support the ethical safeguards, many COVID-19 clinical research publications identified in this rapid review lacked documentation of these important safeguards for research participants. In order to promote public trust, ethical declarations should be included consistently.
MeSH term(s)	COVID-19 ; Editorial Policies ; Ethics Committees, Research ; Humans ; Informed Consent ; SARS-CoV-2
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-06-28
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Systematic Review
ZDB-ID	2041552-7
ISSN	1472-6939 ; 1472-6939
ISSN (online)	1472-6939
ISSN	1472-6939
DOI	10.1186/s12910-021-00649-9
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Report of the 6th (Virtual) Meeting on the Planetary Protection Knowledge Gaps for Human Missions to Mars on June 1-2, 2022.

Spry, J Andy / Siegel, Bette / Kminek, Gerhard / Baker, Amy / Beltran, Esther / Courtney, Michelle / Doran, Peter / Heldmann, Jennifer / Regberg, Aaron / Rettberg, Petra

Life sciences in space research

2024 Volume 41, Page(s) 158–165

Abstract: This paper reports the sixth in a series of meetings held under the auspices of COSPAR (with space agencies support) to identify, refine and prioritize the knowledge gaps that need to be addressed for planetary protection for crewed missions to Mars, as ... ...

Abstract	This paper reports the sixth in a series of meetings held under the auspices of COSPAR (with space agencies support) to identify, refine and prioritize the knowledge gaps that need to be addressed for planetary protection for crewed missions to Mars, as well as to describe where and how needed data can be obtained. This approach is consistent with current scientific understanding and COSPAR policy, that the presence of a biological hazard in Martian material cannot be ruled out, and appropriate mitigations need to be in place. The workshops in the series were intentionally organized to obtain a diverse set of inputs from subject matter experts across a range of expertise on conduct of a potential future crewed Mars exploration mission, identifying and leveraging precursor ground, cis-lunar crewed and Mars robotic activities that can be used to close knowledge gaps. The knowledge gaps addressed by this meeting series fall into three major themes: 1. Microbial and human health monitoring; 2. Technology and operations for biological contamination control, and; 3. Natural transport of biological contamination on Mars. This report describes the findings of the 2022 meeting, which focused on measures needed to protect the crew and the returning Mars samples during the mission, both on the Martian surface and during the return to Earth. Much of this approach to crewed exploration is well aligned with the Principles and Guidelines for Human Missions to Mars described in section 9.3 of the current (2021) COSPAR policy, in terms of goals and intent. There were three specific recommendations.
MeSH term(s)	Mars ; Humans ; Space Flight ; Astronauts ; Extraterrestrial Environment ; Exobiology/methods
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-18
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Congress
ISSN	2214-5532
ISSN (online)	2214-5532
DOI	10.1016/j.lssr.2024.02.001
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Contributory factors to the evolution of the concept and practice of informed consent in clinical research: A narrative review.

O'Sullivan, Lydia / Crowley, Rachel / McAuliffe, Éilish / Doran, Peter

Contemporary clinical trials communications

2020 Volume 19, Page(s) 100634

Abstract: Informed consent can be defined as a freely-given decision or agreement following disclosure of relevant information. This review explores how legislation surrounding informed consent has impacted upon clinical research practices, with a focus on ... ...

Abstract	Informed consent can be defined as a freely-given decision or agreement following disclosure of relevant information. This review explores how legislation surrounding informed consent has impacted upon clinical research practices, with a focus on clinical trials involving individuals with the capacity to give consent in the non-emergency setting. We also highlight the challenges which remain with the informed consent process, including those which exist in the era of data protection legislation and genetic research. Modern ethicists agree that informed consent encompasses three principal factors: disclosure of information, capacity for decision making, and voluntariness. In the context of clinical research, informed consent is now required by regulatory and ethical frameworks as well as by law, and various guidelines govern the practice of informed consent, including the Declaration of Helsinki and the Good Clinical Practice Guidelines. Historically, however, researchers acted paternalistically and included participants in research without their knowledge or consent. Following societal and political revolution, an autonomy model of consent became prevalent, and individuals became free to make individual choices about whether to participate. Despite this, it is also recognized that an individual's community has a role in supporting their decision making, and this may be a strong influence, particularly within some societies. Research scandals and controversies and whistle-blowers which exposed unethical practices in the area of informed consent also contributed to changes in societal attitudes and legislation changed as a result. Medical journals also have an established, although indirect, role in strengthening good practices surrounding informed consent.
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-08-13
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ISSN	2451-8654
ISSN (online)	2451-8654
DOI	10.1016/j.conctc.2020.100634
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Ethical Considerations for safeguarding human participants in pandemic research: a rapid review protocol.

O'Sullivan, Lydia / Killeen, Ronan P / Doran, Peter / Crowley, Rachel K

HRB open research

2020 Volume 3, Page(s) 22

Abstract: COVID-19 is a respiratory disease caused by a coronavirus, designated SARS-CoV-2, which is responsible for a global pandemic in 2020. Public interest in this disease has led to the publication of thousands of articles in the medical literature in a very ... ...

Abstract	COVID-19 is a respiratory disease caused by a coronavirus, designated SARS-CoV-2, which is responsible for a global pandemic in 2020. Public interest in this disease has led to the publication of thousands of articles in the medical literature in a very short timeframe. It is imperative that medical research into COVID-19 is conducted quickly and safely, and that due reference is given to the ethical considerations enshrined in the ICH GCP guidelines, according to the Declaration of Helsinki. In order to review the reporting of ethical considerations in these papers, we hereby propose a protocol for a systematic review of COVID-19 papers up to April 14
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-07-20
Publishing country	Ireland
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2515-4826
ISSN (online)	2515-4826
DOI	10.12688/hrbopenres.13053.2
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: An enhanced participant information leaflet and multimedia intervention to improve the quality of informed consent to a randomised clinical trial enrolling people living with HIV and obesity: a protocol for a Study Within A Trial (SWAT).

O'Sullivan, Lydia / Savinelli, Stefano / O'Hare, Stephen / Holden, Sinéad / McHugh, Ciara / Mallon, Patrick / Doran, Peter

Trials

2022 Volume 23, Issue 1, Page(s) 50

Abstract: Background: It is the investigator's responsibility to communicate the relevant information about a clinical trial to participants before they provide informed consent to take part. Systematic reviews indicate that participants often have a poor ... ...

Abstract	Background: It is the investigator's responsibility to communicate the relevant information about a clinical trial to participants before they provide informed consent to take part. Systematic reviews indicate that participants often have a poor understanding of the concepts which are key to ensuring valid informed consent, such as randomisation and risks/discomforts. Paper-based participant information leaflets and informed consent forms (PIL/ICFs) are becoming longer and are often too complex for many participants. Multimedia interventions and enhanced PIL/ICFs have been trialled in an attempt to improve participants' understanding of various aspects of research studies. However, there is insufficient empirical evidence to determine how effective such interventions are. This protocol describes a study to evaluate whether an enhanced PIL/ICF and website help research participants to understand important information about a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) randomised clinical trial. Methods: This Study Within A Trial (SWAT) is a prospective, multi-centre, randomised, controlled, parallel-group study embedded in a host clinical trial. The host trial (the SWIFT trial; EudraCT: 2019-002314-39) is a prospective, multi-centre, randomised, open-label, controlled trial investigating if semaglutide along with dietary advice assists individuals with HIV and obesity to lose weight, compared to dietary advice alone. For the SWAT, participants will be randomised in a 1:1 ratio to either the control (standard PIL/ICF) or the intervention (an enhanced PIL/ICF and a website which includes animations). The enhanced PIL/ICF and website were developed in line with the guidance from organisations which promote plain English and accessible public-facing materials in conjunction with HIV Ireland, a HIV advocacy organisation, and our previous work on consent documents. The primary outcome of the SWAT is the quality of informed consent, assessed by a validated comprehension test-the modified Deaconess Informed Consent Comprehension Test (DICCT). The DICCT will be administered within 48 h of consent to the host trial. The secondary is recall, measured by the modified DICCT questionnaire scores 2 weeks post-consent to the host trial. Discussion: The results of this SWAT will add to the methodological evidence base on the use of multimedia to improve the quality of informed consent to randomised clinical trials. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04174755 . EudraCT 2019-002314-39. SWAT 160, Northern Ireland Hub for Trials Methodology Research SWAT repository (Clarke M, et al., Trials. 16:P209, 2015).
MeSH term(s)	HIV Infections/diagnosis ; Humans ; Informed Consent ; Multicenter Studies as Topic ; Multimedia ; Obesity/diagnosis ; Obesity/therapy ; Prospective Studies ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-17
Publishing country	England
Document type	Clinical Trial Protocol ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2040523-6
ISSN	1745-6215 ; 1468-6694 ; 1745-6215
ISSN (online)	1745-6215
ISSN	1468-6694 ; 1745-6215
DOI	10.1186/s13063-021-05979-y
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Dysregulated early transcriptional signatures linked to mast cell and interferon responses are implicated in COVID-19 severity.

MacCann, Rachel / Leon, Alejandro Abner Garcia / Gonzalez, Gabriel / Carr, Michael J / Feeney, Eoin R / Yousif, Obada / Cotter, Aoife G / de Barra, Eoghan / Sadlier, Corinna / Doran, Peter / Mallon, Patrick W

Frontiers in immunology

2023 Volume 14, Page(s) 1166574

Abstract: Background: Dysregulated immune responses to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection are thought to underlie the progression of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) to severe disease. We sought to determine whether early ... ...

Abstract	Background: Dysregulated immune responses to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection are thought to underlie the progression of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) to severe disease. We sought to determine whether early host immune-related gene expression could predict clinical progression to severe disease. Methods: We analysed the expression of 579 immunological genes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells taken early after symptom onset using the NanoString nCounter and compared SARS-CoV-2 negative controls with SARS-CoV-2 positive subjects with mild (SARS+ Mild) and Moderate/Severe disease to evaluate disease outcomes. Biobanked plasma samples were also assessed for type I (IFN-α2a and IFN-β), type II (IFN-γ) and type III (IFN-λ1) interferons (IFNs) as well as 10 additional cytokines using multiplex immunoassays. Results: We identified 19 significantly deregulated genes in 62 SARS-CoV-2 positive subject samples within 5 days of symptom onset and 58 SARS-CoV-2 negative controls and found that type I interferon (IFN) signalling (MX1, IRF7, IFITM1, IFI35, STAT2, IRF4, PML, BST2, STAT1) and genes encoding proinflammatory cytokines (TNF, TNFSF4, PTGS2 and IL1B) were upregulated in both SARS+ groups. Moreover, we found that FCER1, involved in mast cell activation, was upregulated in the SARS+ Mild group but significantly downregulated in the SARS+ Moderate/Severe group. In both SARS+ groups we discovered elevated interferon type I IFN-α2a, type II IFN and type III IFN λ1 plasma levels together with higher IL-10 and IL-6. These results indicate that those with moderate or severe disease are characterised by deficiencies in a mast cell response together with IFN hyper-responsiveness, suggesting that early host antiviral immune responses could be a cause and not a consequence of severe COVID-19. Conclusions: This study suggests that early host immune responses linking defects in mast cell activation with host interferon responses correlates with more severe outcomes in COVID-19. Further characterisation of this pathway could help inform better treatment for vulnerable individuals.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; COVID-19 ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Leukocytes, Mononuclear ; Mast Cells ; Cell Line ; Interferon Type I ; Cytokines ; OX40 Ligand
Chemical Substances	Interferon Type I ; Cytokines ; TNFSF4 protein, human ; OX40 Ligand
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-16
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2606827-8
ISSN	1664-3224 ; 1664-3224
ISSN (online)	1664-3224
ISSN	1664-3224
DOI	10.3389/fimmu.2023.1166574
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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