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  1. Article ; Online: Observations on heterodonty within the dentition of the Atlantic Sharpnose Shark,

    Ebersole, Jun A / Kelosky, Abigail T / Huerta-Beltrán, Bryan L / Cicimurri, David J / Drymon, J Marcus

    PeerJ

    2023  Volume 11, Page(s) e15142

    Abstract: The Atlantic Sharpnose Shark, ...

    Abstract The Atlantic Sharpnose Shark,
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Male ; Female ; Gulf of Mexico ; Dentition ; Fossils ; Tooth/anatomy & histology ; Sharks
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-12
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2703241-3
    ISSN 2167-8359 ; 2167-8359
    ISSN (online) 2167-8359
    ISSN 2167-8359
    DOI 10.7717/peerj.15142
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  2. Article ; Online: Warming waters lead to increased habitat suitability for juvenile bull sharks (Carcharhinus leucas).

    Mullins, Lindsay / Cartwright, John / Dykstra, Steven L / Evans, Kristine / Mareska, John / Matich, Philip / Plumlee, Jeffrey D / Sparks, Eric / Drymon, J Marcus

    Scientific reports

    2024  Volume 14, Issue 1, Page(s) 4100

    Abstract: Coastal ecosystems are highly vulnerable to the impacts of climate change and other stressors, including urbanization and overfishing. Consequently, distributions of coastal fish have begun to change, particularly in response to increasing temperatures ... ...

    Abstract Coastal ecosystems are highly vulnerable to the impacts of climate change and other stressors, including urbanization and overfishing. Consequently, distributions of coastal fish have begun to change, particularly in response to increasing temperatures linked to climate change. However, few studies have evaluated how natural and anthropogenic disturbances can alter species distributions in conjunction with geophysical habitat alterations, such as changes to land use and land cover (LU/LC). Here, we examine the spatiotemporal changes in the distribution of juvenile bull sharks (Carcharhinus leucas) using a multi-decadal fishery-independent survey of coastal Alabama. Using a boosted regression tree (BRT) modeling framework, we assess the covariance of environmental conditions (sea surface temperature, depth, salinity, dissolved oxygen, riverine discharge, Chl-a) as well as historic changes to LU/LC to the distribution of bull sharks. Species distribution models resultant from BRTs for early (2003-2005) and recent (2018-2020) monitoring periods indicated a mean increase in habitat suitability (i.e., probability of capture) for juvenile bull sharks from 0.028 to 0.082, concomitant with substantial increases in mean annual temperature (0.058°C/yr), Chl-a (2.32 mg/m
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Ecosystem ; Conservation of Natural Resources ; Fisheries ; Sharks/physiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-14
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2615211-3
    ISSN 2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
    ISSN (online) 2045-2322
    ISSN 2045-2322
    DOI 10.1038/s41598-024-54573-0
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  3. Article ; Online: Novel estimation of gear selectivity using a concurrent mass mortality event: A case study using red drum (Sciaenops ocellatus) in the northern Gulf of Mexico

    Powers, Sean P. / Hightower, Crystal L. / Hoenig, John M. / Plumlee, Jeffrey D. / Nelson, T. Reid / Drymon, J. Marcus

    Fisheries Research. 2023 July, v. 263 p.106690-

    2023  

    Abstract: Fishery-independent surveys are commonly used in modern stock assessment models to inform trends in abundance and these surveys may become more important when there are gaps in other data sources, such as harvest data. As a result of the federal harvest ... ...

    Abstract Fishery-independent surveys are commonly used in modern stock assessment models to inform trends in abundance and these surveys may become more important when there are gaps in other data sources, such as harvest data. As a result of the federal harvest moratorium in the late 1980’s, Gulf of Mexico red drum (Sciaenops ocellatus) remains a data-limited species with little known about its post-escapement (6 – 46-year-old fish) abundance in offshore waters, which encompasses the spawning biomass of the stock. Historically, age and growth estimates were derived from purse seine collections, which was the industry’s preferred harvest technique. Recently, the addition of fishery-independent surveys, i.e. bottom longline surveys, sought to provide a potential alternative to purse seines; however, their efficacy in sampling the breadth of the offshore red drum population has not been widely evaluated. Here, we compared the age composition and selectivity of red drum collected with purse seine and bottom long line in offshore coastal waters of Mississippi and Alabama. Red drum collected in the purse seines ranged from 561 to 1018 mm total length (2–26 years old) and 770 − 1090 mm (2–36 years old) in bottom longlines. Additionally, an opportunistic sampling of red drum from a large fish kill in 2015 was used to estimate selectivity of red drum sampled by purse seine and bottom long line. Red drum selectivity generally decreased with age for the purse seine, while there was an increase in selectivity for the bottom long line survey. This novel approach using a mass mortality event to derive gear selectivity may allow fisheries scientists to refine selectivity measurements in stock assessments. Characterization of selectivity for different survey gears will allow for a more informed comparison of historic and current surveys when gear type effects change.
    Keywords Sciaenops ocellatus ; biomass ; case studies ; fish ; fish kills ; industry ; research ; surveys ; Alabama ; Gulf of Mexico ; Mississippi ; Purse seine ; Bottom longline ; Fish kill ; Fishery-dependent ; Fishery-independent ; Age-selectivity
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2023-07
    Publishing place Elsevier B.V.
    Document type Article ; Online
    ZDB-ID 406532-3
    ISSN 0165-7836
    ISSN 0165-7836
    DOI 10.1016/j.fishres.2023.106690
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  4. Article: Growth, reproduction, and age at maturity of Lessa’s butterfly ray Gymnura lessae in the northern Gulf of Mexico

    Jargowsky, Matthew B. / Huerta-Beltrán, Bryan L. / Ajemian, Matthew J. / Colvin, Michael E. / Drymon, J. Marcus

    Environmental biology of fishes. 2022 Sept., v. 105, no. 9

    2022  

    Abstract: In the northern Gulf of Mexico, batoids are caught as bycatch in the shrimp trawl fishery and targeted by recreational bowfishers. The vulnerability of these batoid species to overexploitation is primarily dictated by their life history strategies. Lessa’ ...

    Abstract In the northern Gulf of Mexico, batoids are caught as bycatch in the shrimp trawl fishery and targeted by recreational bowfishers. The vulnerability of these batoid species to overexploitation is primarily dictated by their life history strategies. Lessa’s butterfly ray, Gymnura lessae, is a sexually dimorphic piscivorous batoid ranging from the northern Caribbean Sea to Massachusetts. Species in the family Gymnuridae have small, poorly mineralized centra; as a result, age and growth has only been described in one species, G. altavela. In this study, we examined size at maturity, reproduction, sex-specific growth (using Electronic Length Frequency Analysis), instantaneous natural mortality, and age at maturity of G. lessae in the northern Gulf of Mexico. Overall, 552 G. lessae were sampled from 2016 to 2018, of which 322 were male and 230 were female. Estimated disc width at 50% maturity was 340.0 mm and 461.4 mm for males and females, respectively. Sex-specific von Bertalanffy growth parameter estimates were DW∞ = 427.1 mm, k = 1.34 year⁻¹, and t₀ = −0.35 years for males, and DW∞ = 882.2 mm, k = 0.40 year⁻¹, and t₀ = −0.56 years for females. Instantaneous natural mortality was higher for males (1.48) than females (0.48). Most age-0 males (93.8%, n = 16) and 30.7% of age-0 females (n = 13) appeared to mature fast enough to mate just 1 year after birth. Our results indicate that G. lessae is fast growing, quick maturing, and relatively fecund in the northern Gulf of Mexico and is thus at low risk of overexploitation.
    Keywords Gymnura ; butterflies ; bycatch ; females ; life history ; males ; mortality ; piscivores ; reproduction ; risk ; sexual dimorphism ; shrimp ; Caribbean Sea ; Gulf of Mexico ; Massachusetts
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2022-09
    Size p. 1237-1249.
    Publishing place Springer Netherlands
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 196790-3
    ISSN 1573-5133 ; 0378-1909
    ISSN (online) 1573-5133
    ISSN 0378-1909
    DOI 10.1007/s10641-022-01347-0
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  5. Article: Defining distribution and habitat use of west-central Florida's coastal sharks through a research and education program.

    Mullins, Lindsay L / Drymon, J Marcus / Moore, Moriah / Skarke, Adam / Moore, Alan / Rodgers, John C

    Ecology and evolution

    2021  Volume 11, Issue 22, Page(s) 16055–16069

    Abstract: Identifying critical habitat for highly mobile species such as sharks is difficult, but essential for effective management and conservation. In regions where baseline data are lacking, non-traditional data sources have the potential to increase ... ...

    Abstract Identifying critical habitat for highly mobile species such as sharks is difficult, but essential for effective management and conservation. In regions where baseline data are lacking, non-traditional data sources have the potential to increase observational capacity for species distribution and habitat studies. In this study, a research and education organization conducted a 5-year (2013-2018) survey of shark populations in the coastal waters of west-central Florida, an area where a diverse shark assemblage has been observed but no formal population analyses have been conducted. The objectives of this study were to use boosted regression tree (BRT) modeling to quantify environmental factors impacting the distribution of the shark assemblage, create species distribution maps from the model outputs, and identify spatially explicit hot spots of high shark abundance. A total of 1036 sharks were captured, encompassing eleven species. Abundance hot spots for four species and for immature sharks (collectively) were most often located in areas designated as "No Internal Combustion Engine" zones and seagrass bottom cover, suggesting these environments may be fostering more diverse and abundant populations. The BRT models were fitted for immature sharks and five species where
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-10-26
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2635675-2
    ISSN 2045-7758
    ISSN 2045-7758
    DOI 10.1002/ece3.8277
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  6. Article: Double tagging clarifies post-release fate of great hammerheads (Sphyrna mokarran)

    Drymon, J.Marcus / Wells, R.J. David

    Animal biotelemetry. 2017 Dec., v. 5, no. 1

    2017  

    Abstract: BACKGROUND: Biotelemetry applications have advanced our understanding of many highly migratory species, but present a challenge for species that suffer high capture and/or post-release stress. Failing to accurately characterize post-release fate can ... ...

    Abstract BACKGROUND: Biotelemetry applications have advanced our understanding of many highly migratory species, but present a challenge for species that suffer high capture and/or post-release stress. Failing to accurately characterize post-release fate can obfuscate our understanding of animal movement patterns and complicate the development of effective conservation and management plans. The great hammerhead (Sphyrna mokarran) is a long-lived, highly migratory shark listed by the International Union for the Conservation of Nature as Endangered. Accordingly, we used a combination of tags designed to report horizontal position estimates and verify post-release fate, to examine movements of great hammerheads in the northern Gulf of Mexico. RESULTS: Between May and September 2016, three individuals (one male and two females) were equipped with both fin-mounted smart position and temperature transmitting (SPOT) tags and survivorship pop-off archival tags (sPAT) to provide information on post-release fate. Tagged sharks measured 187 (F), 203 (M), and 250 (M) cm total length. All three sharks surfaced daily, yet individuals showed variability in vertical habitat use, with maximum daily depths ranging from 5 to 98 m. A single fin-mounted SPOT tag, attached to the smallest of the three sharks, reported position estimates over an 81-day period and moved a straight-line distance of approximately 400 km; however, the other two fin-mounted SPOT tags failed to generate position estimates. All three sPAT tags indicated post-release survival. Final positions of the sPAT tags from the two largest sharks suggested restricted horizontal movements (< 35 km). CONCLUSIONS: Despite their demonstrated utility on other shark species that frequent the surface, fin-mounted SPOT tags may not be the best option for tracking great hammerheads. In addition, our findings illustrate the value of double-tagging animals under certain conditions; notably, over the short monitoring period of this study, one of the three sharks tagged may have been incorrectly presumed dead had only a fin-mounted SPOT tag been used.
    Keywords Sphyrna mokarran ; administrative management ; biotelemetry ; females ; habitat preferences ; information ; length ; males ; migratory behavior ; migratory species ; monitoring ; sharks ; survival rate ; temperature ; variability ; Gulf of Mexico
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2017-12
    Size p. 28.
    Publishing place BioMed Central
    Document type Article
    Note NAL-light
    ZDB-ID 2711027-8
    ISSN 2050-3385
    ISSN 2050-3385
    DOI 10.1186/s40317-017-0143-x
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  7. Article ; Online: Philopatry influences the genetic population structure of the blacktip shark (Carcharhinus limbatus) at multiple spatial scales

    Swift, Dominic G. / O'Leary, Shannon J. / Grubbs, R. Dean / Frazier, Bryan S. / Fields, Andrew T. / Gardiner, Jayne M. / Drymon, J. Marcus / Bethea, Dana M. / Wiley, Tonya R. / Portnoy, David S.

    Molecular Ecology. 2023 Sept., v. 32, no. 18 p.4953-4970

    2023  

    Abstract: Understanding how interactions among microevolutionary forces generate genetic population structure of exploited species is vital to the implementation of management policies that facilitate persistence. Philopatry displayed by many coastal shark species ...

    Abstract Understanding how interactions among microevolutionary forces generate genetic population structure of exploited species is vital to the implementation of management policies that facilitate persistence. Philopatry displayed by many coastal shark species can impact gene flow and facilitate selection, and has direct implications for the spatial scales of management. Here, genetic structure of the blacktip shark (Carcharhinus limbatus) was examined using a mixed‐marker approach employing mitochondrial control region sequences and 4339 SNP‐containing loci generated using ddRAD‐Seq. Genetic variation was assessed among young‐of‐the‐year sampled in 11 sites in waters of the United States in the western North Atlantic Ocean, including the Gulf of Mexico. Spatial and environmental analyses detected 68 nuclear loci putatively under selection, enabling separate assessments of neutral and adaptive genetic structure. Both mitochondrial and neutral SNP data indicated three genetically distinct units—the Atlantic, eastern Gulf, and western Gulf—that align with regional stocks and suggest regional philopatry by males and females. Heterogeneity at loci putatively under selection, associated with temperature and salinity, was observed among sites within Gulf units, suggesting local adaptation. Furthermore, five pairs of siblings were identified in the same site across timescales corresponding with female reproductive cycles. This indicates that females re‐used a site for parturition, which has the potential to facilitate the sorting of adaptive variation among neighbouring sites. The results demonstrate differential impacts of microevolutionary forces at varying spatial scales and highlight the importance of conserving essential habitats to maintain sources of adaptive variation that may buffer species against environmental change.
    Keywords Carcharhinus limbatus ; females ; gene flow ; genetic structure ; genetic variation ; mitochondria ; parturition ; philopatry ; population structure ; salinity ; sharks ; temperature ; Atlantic Ocean ; Gulf of Mexico
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2023-09
    Size p. 4953-4970.
    Publishing place John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
    Document type Article ; Online
    Note JOURNAL ARTICLE
    ZDB-ID 1126687-9
    ISSN 1365-294X ; 0962-1083
    ISSN (online) 1365-294X
    ISSN 0962-1083
    DOI 10.1111/mec.17096
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  8. Article ; Online: Variable post-release mortality in common shark species captured in Texas shore-based recreational fisheries.

    Binstock, Addie L / Richards, Travis M / Wells, R J David / Drymon, J Marcus / Gibson-Banks, Kesley / Streich, Matthew K / Stunz, Gregory W / White, Connor F / Whitney, Nicholas M / Mohan, John A

    PloS one

    2023  Volume 18, Issue 2, Page(s) e0281441

    Abstract: The practice of catch and release fishing is common among anglers but has been shown to cause unintended mortalities in some species. Current post-release mortality estimates used in coastal shark stock assessments are typically derived from boat-based ... ...

    Abstract The practice of catch and release fishing is common among anglers but has been shown to cause unintended mortalities in some species. Current post-release mortality estimates used in coastal shark stock assessments are typically derived from boat-based shark fisheries, which differ from shore-based operations that expose sharks to potentially more stressful environmental and handling conditions. Recreational post-release mortality rates in shore-based fisheries must be quantified to improve stock assessment models and to create guidelines that protect species from overexploitation. Here, we partnered with experienced anglers acting as citizen scientists to deploy pop-up satellite archival transmitting tags (PSAT, n = 22) and acceleration data loggers (ADLs, n = 22). on four commonly caught sharks including the blacktip shark (Carcharhinus limbatus, n = 11), bull shark (Carcharhinus leucas, n = 14), tiger shark (Galeocerdo cuvier, n = 6), and great hammerheads (Sphyrna mokarran, n = 2). Mortality occurred within minutes to hours post-release. If evidence of mortality occurred after normal diving behavior had been re-established for 10 days, then the mortality was considered natural and not related to the catch-and-release process. Post-release mortality estimates ranged from 0% for bull and tiger sharks to 45.5% for blacktip sharks. Of the two great hammerheads, one died within 30 minutes post-release while the other exhibited mortality characteristics 14 days after release. Moribund blacktip sharks experienced on average 3.4-4.9°C warmer water compared with survivors. Recovery periods were estimated for survivors of each species and were highly variable, differing based on duration of tag deployment. High variability in responses to capture and release between species demonstrates the need for species-specific assessments of post-release mortality in shore-based recreational fisheries.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Texas ; Fisheries ; Seafood ; Sharks/physiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-13
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 2267670-3
    ISSN 1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
    ISSN (online) 1932-6203
    ISSN 1932-6203
    DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0281441
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  9. Article ; Online: Philopatry influences the genetic population structure of the blacktip shark (Carcharhinus limbatus) at multiple spatial scales.

    Swift, Dominic G / O'Leary, Shannon J / Grubbs, R Dean / Frazier, Bryan S / Fields, Andrew T / Gardiner, Jayne M / Drymon, J Marcus / Bethea, Dana M / Wiley, Tonya R / Portnoy, David S

    Molecular ecology

    2023  Volume 32, Issue 18, Page(s) 4953–4970

    Abstract: Understanding how interactions among microevolutionary forces generate genetic population structure of exploited species is vital to the implementation of management policies that facilitate persistence. Philopatry displayed by many coastal shark species ...

    Abstract Understanding how interactions among microevolutionary forces generate genetic population structure of exploited species is vital to the implementation of management policies that facilitate persistence. Philopatry displayed by many coastal shark species can impact gene flow and facilitate selection, and has direct implications for the spatial scales of management. Here, genetic structure of the blacktip shark (Carcharhinus limbatus) was examined using a mixed-marker approach employing mitochondrial control region sequences and 4339 SNP-containing loci generated using ddRAD-Seq. Genetic variation was assessed among young-of-the-year sampled in 11 sites in waters of the United States in the western North Atlantic Ocean, including the Gulf of Mexico. Spatial and environmental analyses detected 68 nuclear loci putatively under selection, enabling separate assessments of neutral and adaptive genetic structure. Both mitochondrial and neutral SNP data indicated three genetically distinct units-the Atlantic, eastern Gulf, and western Gulf-that align with regional stocks and suggest regional philopatry by males and females. Heterogeneity at loci putatively under selection, associated with temperature and salinity, was observed among sites within Gulf units, suggesting local adaptation. Furthermore, five pairs of siblings were identified in the same site across timescales corresponding with female reproductive cycles. This indicates that females re-used a site for parturition, which has the potential to facilitate the sorting of adaptive variation among neighbouring sites. The results demonstrate differential impacts of microevolutionary forces at varying spatial scales and highlight the importance of conserving essential habitats to maintain sources of adaptive variation that may buffer species against environmental change.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Male ; Female ; Haplotypes/genetics ; Genetics, Population ; Atlantic Ocean ; Sharks/genetics ; Genetic Structures
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-08-11
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1126687-9
    ISSN 1365-294X ; 0962-1083
    ISSN (online) 1365-294X
    ISSN 0962-1083
    DOI 10.1111/mec.17096
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  10. Article: Discerning the dietary habits of the smooth butterfly ray Gymnura lessae using two distinct methods, otolith identification and metagenetics

    Jargowsky, Matthew B. / Cooper, Pearce T. / Ajemian, Matthew J. / Colvin, Michael E. / Drymon, J. Marcus

    Journal of fish biology. 2020 Feb., v. 96, no. 2

    2020  

    Abstract: Two different methods, metagenetics and free‐otolith identification, were used to identify prey in the stomach contents of 531 Gymnura lessae captured by trawling in Mobile Bay, Alabama 2016–2018. Both methods were found to produce analogous results and ... ...

    Abstract Two different methods, metagenetics and free‐otolith identification, were used to identify prey in the stomach contents of 531 Gymnura lessae captured by trawling in Mobile Bay, Alabama 2016–2018. Both methods were found to produce analogous results and were therefore combined into a single complete dataset. All prey were teleosts; the families Sciaenidae and Engraulidae were the most important prey (prey specie index of relative importance 89.3% IPSRI). Multivariate analyses indicated that the diet of G. lessae varied with sex and seasonality. Specifically, variability was probably due to morphologically larger females consuming larger teleost prey species compared with males, whereas seasonal variability was probably due to changes in the available prey community composition. The findings indicate that both metagenetics and free otolith identification, used independently or complementarily, offer robust means of characterising dietary habits for teleost‐specialised species such as G. lessae, which may play an important role in the structure and maintenance of coastal food webs such as those in Mobile Bay.
    Keywords Engraulidae ; Gymnura micrura ; Sciaenidae ; community structure ; data collection ; diet ; fish ; otoliths ; prey species ; seasonal variation ; stomach ; Alabama
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2020-02
    Size p. 434-443.
    Publishing place Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Document type Article
    Note JOURNAL ARTICLE
    ZDB-ID 410564-3
    ISSN 1095-8649 ; 0022-1112
    ISSN (online) 1095-8649
    ISSN 0022-1112
    DOI 10.1111/jfb.14221
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