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  1. Article ; Online: Biomimetic microfluidic chips for toxicity assessment of environmental pollutants.

    Du, Xin-Yue / Yang, Jin-Yan

    The Science of the total environment

    2024  Volume 919, Page(s) 170745

    Abstract: Various types of pollutants widely present in environmental media, including synthetic and natural chemicals, physical pollutants such as radioactive substances, ultraviolet rays, and noise, as well as biological organisms, pose a huge threat to public ... ...

    Abstract Various types of pollutants widely present in environmental media, including synthetic and natural chemicals, physical pollutants such as radioactive substances, ultraviolet rays, and noise, as well as biological organisms, pose a huge threat to public health. Therefore, it is crucial to accurately and effectively explore the human physiological responses and toxicity mechanisms of pollutants to prevent diseases caused by pollutants. The emerging toxicological testing method biomimetic microfluidic chips (BMCs) exhibit great potential in environmental pollutant toxicity assessment due to their superior biomimetic properties. The BMCs are divided into cell-on-chips and organ-on-chips based on the distinctions in bionic simulation levels. Herein, we first summarize the characteristics, emergence and development history, composition and structure, and application fields of BMCs. Then, with a focus on the toxicity mechanisms of pollutants, we review the applications and advances of the BMCs in the toxicity assessment of physical, chemical, and biological pollutants, respectively, highlighting its potential and development prospects in environmental toxicology testing. Finally, the opportunities and challenges for further use of BMCs are discussed.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Environmental Pollutants/toxicity ; Environmental Pollutants/analysis ; Biomimetics ; Microfluidics ; Public Health ; Ecotoxicology
    Chemical Substances Environmental Pollutants
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-08
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 121506-1
    ISSN 1879-1026 ; 0048-9697
    ISSN (online) 1879-1026
    ISSN 0048-9697
    DOI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170745
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  2. Article ; Online: Rearrangements during slow compression of a jammed two-dimensional emulsion.

    Du, Xin / Weeks, Eric R

    Physical review. E

    2024  Volume 109, Issue 3-1, Page(s) 34605

    Abstract: As amorphous materials get jammed, both geometric and dynamic heterogeneity are observed. We investigate the correlation between the local geometric heterogeneity and local rearrangements in a slowly compressed bidisperse quasi-two-dimensional emulsion ... ...

    Abstract As amorphous materials get jammed, both geometric and dynamic heterogeneity are observed. We investigate the correlation between the local geometric heterogeneity and local rearrangements in a slowly compressed bidisperse quasi-two-dimensional emulsion system. The compression is driven by evaporation of the continuous phase and causes the area packing fraction to increase from 0.88 to 0.99. We quantify the structural heterogeneity of the system using the radical Voronoi tessellation following the method of Rieser et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 116, 088001 (2016)]0031-900710.1103/PhysRevLett.116.088001. We define two structural quantities characterizing local structure, the first of which considers nearest neighbors and the second of which includes information from second-nearest neighbors. We find that droplets in heterogeneous local regions are more likely to have local rearrangements. These rearrangements are generally T1 events where two droplets converge toward a void, and two droplets move away from the void to make room for the converging droplets. Thus, the presence of the voids tends to orient the T1 events. The presence of a correlation between the structural quantities and the rearrangement dynamics remains qualitatively unchanged over the entire range of packing fractions observed.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-18
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2844562-4
    ISSN 2470-0053 ; 2470-0045
    ISSN (online) 2470-0053
    ISSN 2470-0045
    DOI 10.1103/PhysRevE.109.034605
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  3. Book ; Online: A Low-latency Communication Design for Brain Simulations

    Du, Xin

    2022  

    Abstract: Brain simulation, as one of the latest advances in artificial intelligence, facilitates better understanding about how information is represented and processed in the brain. The extreme complexity of human brain makes brain simulations only feasible upon ...

    Abstract Brain simulation, as one of the latest advances in artificial intelligence, facilitates better understanding about how information is represented and processed in the brain. The extreme complexity of human brain makes brain simulations only feasible upon high-performance computing platforms. Supercomputers with a large number of interconnected graphical processing units (GPUs) are currently employed for supporting brain simulations. Therefore, high-throughput low-latency inter-GPU communications in supercomputers play a crucial role in meeting the performance requirements of brain simulation as a highly time-sensitive application. In this paper, we first provide an overview of the current parallelizing technologies for brain simulations using multi-GPU architectures. Then, we analyze the challenges to communications for brain simulation and summarize guidelines for communication design to address such challenges. Furthermore, we propose a partitioning algorithm and a two-level routing method to achieve efficient low-latency communications in multi-GPU architecture for brain simulation. We report experiment results obtained on a supercomputer with 2,000 GPUs for simulating a brain model with 10 billion neurons to show that our approach can significantly improve communication performance. We also discuss open issues and identify some research directions for low-latency communication design for brain simulations.

    Comment: IEEE Network
    Keywords Computer Science - Distributed ; Parallel ; and Cluster Computing
    Subject code 000
    Publishing date 2022-05-14
    Publishing country us
    Document type Book ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  4. Book ; Online: Scientific Workflows in Heterogeneous Edge-Cloud Computing

    Du, Xin

    A Data Placement Strategy Based on Reinforcement learning

    2022  

    Abstract: The heterogeneous edge-cloud computing paradigm can provide an optimal solution to deploy scientific workflows compared to cloud computing or other traditional distributed computing environments. Owing to the different sizes of scientific datasets and ... ...

    Abstract The heterogeneous edge-cloud computing paradigm can provide an optimal solution to deploy scientific workflows compared to cloud computing or other traditional distributed computing environments. Owing to the different sizes of scientific datasets and the privacy issue concerning some of these datasets, it is essential to find a data placement strategy that can minimize data transmission time. Some state-of-the-art data placement strategies combine edge computing and cloud computing to distribute scientific datasets. However, the dynamic distribution of newly generated datasets to appropriate datacenters and exiting the spent datasets are still a challenge during workflows execution. To address this challenge, this study not only constructs a data placement model that includes shared datasets within individual and among multiple workflows across various geographical regions, but also proposes a data placement strategy (DYM-RL-DPS) based on algorithms of two stages. First, during the build-time stage of workflows, we use the discrete particle swarm optimization algorithm with differential evolution to pre-allocate initial datasets to proper datacenters. Then, we reformulate the dynamic datasets distribution problem as a Markov decision process and provide a reinforcement learning-based approach to learn the optimal strategy in the runtime stage of scientific workflows. Through simulating heterogeneous edge-cloud computing environments, we designed comprehensive experiments to demonstrate the superiority of DYM-RL-DPS. The results of our strategy can effectively reduce the data transmission time as compared to other strategies.

    Comment: ACM TMIS 2022 accept
    Keywords Computer Science - Distributed ; Parallel ; and Cluster Computing
    Subject code 020
    Publishing date 2022-05-14
    Publishing country us
    Document type Book ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  5. Article: The physiological function of squalene and its application prospects in animal husbandry.

    Du, Xin / Ma, Xue / Gao, Yang

    Frontiers in veterinary science

    2024  Volume 10, Page(s) 1284500

    Abstract: Squalene, which is a natural triterpenoid unsaturated hydrocarbon, is abundant in shark liver and plant seeds. Squalene has various physiological functions such as being anti-inflammatory and antioxidant. This paper reviews the physiological functions of ...

    Abstract Squalene, which is a natural triterpenoid unsaturated hydrocarbon, is abundant in shark liver and plant seeds. Squalene has various physiological functions such as being anti-inflammatory and antioxidant. This paper reviews the physiological functions of squalene and its application prospects in livestock and poultry production, with a view to providing a theoretical basis for its in-depth application in animal husbandry.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-16
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2834243-4
    ISSN 2297-1769
    ISSN 2297-1769
    DOI 10.3389/fvets.2023.1284500
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  6. Article ; Online: Design and testing of the filling-plate of inner-filling positive pressure high-speed seed-metering device for maize

    Du, Xin / Liu, Cailing

    IAgrE Biosystems Engineering.

    2023  

    Abstract: To overcome the problem for high-speed maize seeding of increasing seed leakage caused by insufficient seed filling force, a metering device using internal air pressure was designed. Seed was filled into the seeding disc using a combination of internal ... ...

    Abstract To overcome the problem for high-speed maize seeding of increasing seed leakage caused by insufficient seed filling force, a metering device using internal air pressure was designed. Seed was filled into the seeding disc using a combination of internal filling and positive air pressure using a brush belt to guide the seed synchronously after clearing. The design of the structure and dimensional parameters of the inner filling disc were optimised with the "lying flat" position was determined from the posture of the seeds pressing against the hole surface when filling a single seed. The angle of the tapered hole was calculated to be >0.9018 rad. A force analysis of the seed-filling process was performed, and a model developed for variation in airflow with filling angle and cone angle of the inner filling disc. A single-factor simulation test using discrete element method with computational fluid dynamics modelling was performed. A quadratic model was fitted for leakage rate. Predicted values of qualified rate, multiple rate, and leakage rate were 97.16%, 1.75%, and 1.09% for hole diameter, taper opening, and cone angle of 18 mm, 1.1825 rad, and 0.7828 rad, respectively. Errors between the predicted and measured values were small. Optimal parameters for an operating speed of 8-16 km h⁻¹ were a qualified rate of the seed rower >90%, multiple rate <2.4%, and a leakage rate <8.0%, meeting the agronomic requirements for maize precision sowing.
    Keywords air flow ; atmospheric pressure ; corn ; filling period ; models ; posture ; Inner-filling ; Seed-metering device ; Positive pressure ; Box-Behnken ; Discrete element method
    Language English
    Publishing place Elsevier Ltd
    Document type Article ; Online
    Note Pre-press version
    ZDB-ID 2075942-3
    ISSN 1537-5110
    ISSN 1537-5110
    DOI 10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2023.02.008
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  7. Article ; Online: Survey of anxiety, depression and insomnia statuses and their influencing factors in COVID-19 patients in Shanghai makeshift hospital

    TANG Yingdan / ZHANG Ling / HUANG Lei / DU Xin

    陆军军医大学学报, Vol 45, Iss 13, Pp 1456-

    2023  Volume 1462

    Abstract: Objective To explore the characteristics of anxiety, depression and insomnia of Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients in Shanghai makeshift hospital. Methods Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), Athens Insomnia ... ...

    Abstract Objective To explore the characteristics of anxiety, depression and insomnia of Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients in Shanghai makeshift hospital. Methods Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS), and self-complied questionnaire were used to survey 765 COVID-19 patients in a Shanghai makeshift hospital during April 9 and May 15, 2022 through an online survey system. Their statuses and characteristics of anxiety, depression, and insomnia as well as their influencing factors were analyzed. Results The positive detection rate of anxiety, depression and insomnia of the patients was 22.22%, 26.67% and 24.05%, respectively, which were significantly lower than the rates of 2020 (P < 0.05). There were significant differences in the scores of PHQ-9, GAD-7 and AIS among the patients of different gender, age, and education levels (P < 0.05). The adverse effects of patients were mainly synthesized as 9 themes, among which the top 3 adverse effects were economics, work and family, accounting for 38.43%, 27.58% and 17.91% of the reported population, which were different from the adverse effects of the disease itself in 2020. The adversely affected patients had significantly higher PHQ-9, GAD-7 and AIS scores than those who were not affected by adverse effects (P < 0.05). The model fitness of current data was acceptable (χ2/df=3.999, GFI, NFI, IFI, TLI, CFI>0.9, RMSEA=0.063, SRMR=0.053), indicating that adverse effects positively predicted a latent variable of anxiety, depression, and insomnia, with a standardized coefficient of 0.209 (P < 0.001). Conclusion With the global development of the epidemic, the infected individuals have decreased anxiety and depression, and the adverse effects on them have shifted from the disease itself to concerns about the economy, work, and family.
    Keywords covid-19 ; infected ; anxiety ; depression ; insomnia ; influencing factors ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920
    Subject code 150
    Language Chinese
    Publishing date 2023-07-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Editorial Office of Journal of Army Medical University
    Document type Article ; Online
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  8. Article ; Online: Thrombospondin 1 Promotes Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Apoptosis in HK-2 Cells by Upregulating ATF6-CHOP.

    Yue, Li-Li / Du, Xin

    Current medical science

    2022  Volume 42, Issue 2, Page(s) 341–347

    Abstract: Objective: The goal of this study is to investigate the role and mechanism of endoplasmic reticulum stress and apoptosis regulated by thrombospondin 1 (TSP1) in human renal tubular epithelial cells (HK-2 cells).: Methods: HK-2 cells were exposed to ... ...

    Abstract Objective: The goal of this study is to investigate the role and mechanism of endoplasmic reticulum stress and apoptosis regulated by thrombospondin 1 (TSP1) in human renal tubular epithelial cells (HK-2 cells).
    Methods: HK-2 cells were exposed to high concentrations of glucose (HG). The endoplasmic reticulum stress inhibitor 4-phenylbutyric acid (4-PBA) was administered by transfecting TSP1 or an empty vector to explore the mechanism of the endoplasmic reticulum response regulated by TSP1 and stress in renal cell apoptosis. The effects of TSP1 and 4-PBA on the proliferation and apoptosis of HK-2 cells under HG conditions were assessed using Cell counting kit-8 and flow cytometry. Western blotting was used to detect the apoptosis- and endoplasmic reticulum stress-related protein expression regulated by TSP1 and 4-PBA.
    Results: HG treatment induced high cell apoptosis, abundantly expressed TSP1 level and restrained viability in HK-2 cells. Overexpression of TSP1 significantly inhibited the proliferation of and facilitated apoptosis of HK-2 cells under HG conditions. Administration of endoplasmic reticulum stress inhibitor 4-PBA after overexpression of TSP1 antagonized the inhibitory proliferation and promoted apoptosis rate in HG-triggered HK-2 cells induced by TSP1 overexpression. 4-PBA treatment significantly hindered the expression of endoplasmic reticulum stress markers, such as PERK, ATF4, ATF6, p-eIF2α, IRE1, CHOP and XBP1, suggesting that the administration of 4-PBA was successful.
    Conclusion: Overexpression of TSP1 activated endoplasmic reticulum stress by regulating the ATF6-CHOP axis. TSP1 restrained cell proliferation, and promoted apoptosis and endoplasmic reticulum stress by activating the ATF6-CHOP axis.
    MeSH term(s) Activating Transcription Factor 6/genetics ; Activating Transcription Factor 6/pharmacology ; Apoptosis ; Cell Proliferation ; Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress ; Epithelial Cells ; Humans ; Thrombospondin 1/pharmacology
    Chemical Substances ATF6 protein, human ; Activating Transcription Factor 6 ; Thrombospondin 1
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-02-22
    Publishing country China
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2931065-9
    ISSN 2523-899X ; 2096-5230
    ISSN (online) 2523-899X
    ISSN 2096-5230
    DOI 10.1007/s11596-022-2513-8
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  9. Article ; Online: Effect of glutathione-transport-related gene

    Wang, Xiao-Yi / Li, Ping / Du, Xin-Jun / Wang, Shuo

    Applied and environmental microbiology

    2024  Volume 90, Issue 2, Page(s) e0156223

    Abstract: The outstanding desiccation tolerance ... ...

    Abstract The outstanding desiccation tolerance of
    MeSH term(s) Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Humans ; Desiccation ; Cronobacter sakazakii/genetics ; Water/metabolism ; Proline/metabolism ; Proline/pharmacology ; Potassium/metabolism ; Ions/metabolism ; Cronobacter
    Chemical Substances Water (059QF0KO0R) ; Proline (9DLQ4CIU6V) ; Potassium (RWP5GA015D) ; Ions
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-30
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 223011-2
    ISSN 1098-5336 ; 0099-2240
    ISSN (online) 1098-5336
    ISSN 0099-2240
    DOI 10.1128/aem.01562-23
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  10. Article ; Online: Knowledge, attitude and practice of contraceptive methods among women with an unplanned pregnancy.

    Sheng, Binyue / Yao, Dongmei / Zhang, Haihua / Tang, Jing / Du, Xin

    BMJ open

    2024  Volume 14, Issue 3, Page(s) e078364

    Abstract: Objectives: The study aimed to investigate the knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) of contraceptive methods among women with an unplanned pregnancy, aiming to improve their reproductive health and increase their understanding of contraceptive methods. ...

    Abstract Objectives: The study aimed to investigate the knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) of contraceptive methods among women with an unplanned pregnancy, aiming to improve their reproductive health and increase their understanding of contraceptive methods.
    Design: This is a cross-sectional study.
    Setting: The study was conducted at the Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital of Hubei between 20 November 2022 and 20 January 2023.
    Participants: Women with an unplanned pregnancy were included.
    Primary and secondary outcome measures: The questionnaire was in the Chinese language and included demographic data, KAP assessments. Multivariate linear regression was performed to explore the factors associated with knowledge or practice scores.
    Results: During the study period, 510 participants with valid questionnaires were included. The KAP scores were 7.30±2.91, 32.61±3.13 and 28.58±3.59, respectively. Place of residence (urban vs non-urban; B=0.66, 95% CI 0.02 to 1.29, p=0.043) and educational level (master's degree or above vs post secondary or below; B=1.07, 95% CI 0.17 to 1.96, p=0.020) were positively associated with knowledge. Knowledge (B=0.25, 95% CI 0.17 to 0.32, p<0.001) and attitude (B=0.26, 95% CI 0.19 to 0.32, p<0.001) were positively associated with practice.
    Conclusions: This study indicates a low level of KAP regarding contraceptive methods among women facing unplanned pregnancies. Place of residence and educational level were positively associated with knowledge scores. These findings may help improve future sex education policies and programmes.
    MeSH term(s) Pregnancy ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Pregnancy, Unplanned ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice ; Contraception ; Educational Status
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-05
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2599832-8
    ISSN 2044-6055 ; 2044-6055
    ISSN (online) 2044-6055
    ISSN 2044-6055
    DOI 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-078364
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