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  1. Article ; Online: Influence of river discharge patterns on the hydrodynamics and potential contaminant dispersion in the Douro estuary (Portugal).

    Azevedo, Isabel C / Bordalo, Adriano A / Duarte, Pedro M

    Water research

    2010  Volume 44, Issue 10, Page(s) 3133–3146

    Abstract: Freshwater input to estuaries is a fundamental feature of these ecosystems, which may be profoundly altered by river damming as human needs for water consumption, irrigation or energy production increase. The Douro estuary is limited upstream by a dam ... ...

    Abstract Freshwater input to estuaries is a fundamental feature of these ecosystems, which may be profoundly altered by river damming as human needs for water consumption, irrigation or energy production increase. The Douro estuary is limited upstream by a dam since 1985, which reduced its length by ca. 60%. Freshwater inputs to the estuary are now irregular and greatly dependent on hydroelectric power demand; values ranging from zero to over 1000m(3)s(-1), in a matter of hours, especially in summer are common. In the present study, a three-dimensional hydrodynamic model was applied to the Douro estuary. The model was calibrated and validated against water elevation, current velocity, salinity and temperature data. Thereafter, it was used to analyse the effects of different flow regimes and magnitudes on estuarine hydrodynamics and contaminant dispersion. Results obtained suggest that the highly variable flow regimes, currently observed in the Douro, tend to reduce water column stratification and to enhance seawater intrusion, when compared with flow discharges of similar average magnitude, but lower variability. Stable flows seem to be the most effective in dispersing contaminants eventually introduced into the estuary through its small river tributaries. Overall results suggest that flow management may have important effects on estuarine hydrodynamics through non-linear interactions between flow magnitude and variability.
    MeSH term(s) Models, Theoretical ; Portugal ; Rivers ; Thermodynamics ; Water Pollutants/chemistry
    Chemical Substances Water Pollutants
    Language English
    Publishing date 2010-05
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 202613-2
    ISSN 1879-2448 ; 0043-1354
    ISSN (online) 1879-2448
    ISSN 0043-1354
    DOI 10.1016/j.watres.2010.03.011
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  2. Article: Influence of river discharge patterns on the hydrodynamics and potential contaminant dispersion in the Douro estuary (Portugal)

    Azevedo, Isabel C / Bordalo, Adriano A / Duarte, Pedro M

    Water research. 2010 May, v. 44, issue 10

    2010  

    Keywords rivers ; water pollution ; estuaries ; dams (hydrology) ; summer ; water flow ; pollutants ; hydrologic models ; saline water ; water power ; Portugal
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2010-05
    Size p. 3133-3146.
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 202613-2
    ISSN 1879-2448 ; 0043-1354
    ISSN (online) 1879-2448
    ISSN 0043-1354
    DOI 10.1016/j.watres.2010.03.011
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  3. Article ; Online: Observation of antiferromagnetic correlations in the Hubbard model with ultracold atoms.

    Hart, Russell A / Duarte, Pedro M / Yang, Tsung-Lin / Liu, Xinxing / Paiva, Thereza / Khatami, Ehsan / Scalettar, Richard T / Trivedi, Nandini / Huse, David A / Hulet, Randall G

    Nature

    2015  Volume 519, Issue 7542, Page(s) 211–214

    Abstract: Ultracold atoms in optical lattices have great potential to contribute to a better understanding of some of the most important issues in many-body physics, such as high-temperature superconductivity. The Hubbard model--a simplified representation of ... ...

    Abstract Ultracold atoms in optical lattices have great potential to contribute to a better understanding of some of the most important issues in many-body physics, such as high-temperature superconductivity. The Hubbard model--a simplified representation of fermions moving on a periodic lattice--is thought to describe the essential details of copper oxide superconductivity. This model describes many of the features shared by the copper oxides, including an interaction-driven Mott insulating state and an antiferromagnetic (AFM) state. Optical lattices filled with a two-spin-component Fermi gas of ultracold atoms can faithfully realize the Hubbard model with readily tunable parameters, and thus provide a platform for the systematic exploration of its phase diagram. Realization of strongly correlated phases, however, has been hindered by the need to cool the atoms to temperatures as low as the magnetic exchange energy, and also by the lack of reliable thermometry. Here we demonstrate spin-sensitive Bragg scattering of light to measure AFM spin correlations in a realization of the three-dimensional Hubbard model at temperatures down to 1.4 times that of the AFM phase transition. This temperature regime is beyond the range of validity of a simple high-temperature series expansion, which brings our experiment close to the limit of the capabilities of current numerical techniques, particularly at metallic densities. We reach these low temperatures using a compensated optical lattice technique, in which the confinement of each lattice beam is compensated by a blue-detuned laser beam. The temperature of the atoms in the lattice is deduced by comparing the light scattering to determinant quantum Monte Carlo simulations and numerical linked-cluster expansion calculations. Further refinement of the compensated lattice may produce even lower temperatures which, along with light scattering thermometry, would open avenues for producing and characterizing other novel quantum states of matter, such as the pseudogap regime and correlated metallic states of the two-dimensional Hubbard model.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2015-03-12
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 120714-3
    ISSN 1476-4687 ; 0028-0836
    ISSN (online) 1476-4687
    ISSN 0028-0836
    DOI 10.1038/nature14223
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  4. Article ; Online: Compressibility of a fermionic mott insulator of ultracold atoms.

    Duarte, Pedro M / Hart, Russell A / Yang, Tsung-Lin / Liu, Xinxing / Paiva, Thereza / Khatami, Ehsan / Scalettar, Richard T / Trivedi, Nandini / Hulet, Randall G

    Physical review letters

    2015  Volume 114, Issue 7, Page(s) 70403

    Abstract: We characterize the Mott insulating regime of a repulsively interacting Fermi gas of ultracold atoms in a three-dimensional optical lattice. We use in situ imaging to extract the central density of the gas and to determine its local compressibility. For ... ...

    Abstract We characterize the Mott insulating regime of a repulsively interacting Fermi gas of ultracold atoms in a three-dimensional optical lattice. We use in situ imaging to extract the central density of the gas and to determine its local compressibility. For intermediate to strong interactions, we observe the emergence of a plateau in the density as a function of atom number, and a reduction of the compressibility at a density of one atom per site, indicating the formation of a Mott insulator. Comparisons to state-of-the-art numerical simulations of the Hubbard model over a wide range of interactions reveal that the temperature of the gas is of the order of, or below, the tunneling energy scale. Our results hold great promise for the exploration of many-body phenomena with ultracold atoms, where the local compressibility can be a useful tool to detect signatures of different phases or phase boundaries at specific values of the filling.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2015-02-20
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 208853-8
    ISSN 1079-7114 ; 0031-9007
    ISSN (online) 1079-7114
    ISSN 0031-9007
    DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.114.070403
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Temperament in Portuguese university students as measured by TEMPS-A: implications for professional choice.

    Figueira, M Luisa / Caeiro, Lara / Ferro, Ana / Cordeiro, Raul / Duarte, Pedro M / Akiskal, Hagop S / Akiskal, Kareen K

    Journal of affective disorders

    2010  Volume 123, Issue 1-3, Page(s) 30–35

    Abstract: Background: The structure of temperament displays subaffective traits as attributes of adaptive value. There are few studies on how different professions compare on temperaments. Our aim was to examine the relationship between the choices of Portuguese ... ...

    Abstract Background: The structure of temperament displays subaffective traits as attributes of adaptive value. There are few studies on how different professions compare on temperaments. Our aim was to examine the relationship between the choices of Portuguese students in their fields of study, and their respective temperaments.
    Methods: The sample included 1386 students from six different universities (law, engineering, arts, medicine, psychology, and nursing), of both genders (67% female), and ages between 17 and 58 (X + or - SD = 21 + or - 3.4).
    Results: Law and art students presented a cyclothymic or irritable temperament. Engineering students presented a hyperthymic temperament. Psychology and nursing students presented predominantly depressive and anxious temperaments. Medicine students were least extreme in temperament scores or frequencies.
    Limitations: Nursing students came largely from one university located in a Portuguese city (northeast from Lisbon) which could be a potential limitation to be confirmed.
    Conclusions: Distinct temperamental profiles of students enrolled in different professional fields could be identified in our sample taking into account the presence or absence of excessive temperaments. Future physicians did not present a predominant temperament, future lawyers and artists presented predominantly a cyclothymic or irritable temperament, future engineers presented a hyperthymic temperament and, future psychologists and nurses presented predominantly depressive and anxious temperaments.
    MeSH term(s) Adaptation, Psychological ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Career Choice ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Occupations ; Personality Inventory/statistics & numerical data ; Portugal ; Psychology/education ; Psychometrics ; Students/psychology ; Students, Medical/psychology ; Students, Nursing/psychology ; Temperament ; Young Adult
    Language English
    Publishing date 2010-06
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Comparative Study ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 135449-8
    ISSN 1573-2517 ; 0165-0327
    ISSN (online) 1573-2517
    ISSN 0165-0327
    DOI 10.1016/j.jad.2009.10.005
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article: Validation of the Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa, Paris and San Diego (TEMPS-A): Portuguese-Lisbon version.

    Figueira, M Luisa / Caeiro, Lara / Ferro, Ana / Severino, Lara / Duarte, Pedro M / Abreu, Manuela / Akiskal, Hagop S / Akiskal, Kareen K

    Journal of affective disorders

    2008  Volume 111, Issue 2-3, Page(s) 193–203

    Abstract: Background: The TEMPS-A has been validated in 8 languages, the original being American English, and includes among others such Latin languages as Italian, French, and Spanish-Buenos Aires. This is the first Portuguese-Lisbon validation.: Methods: The ...

    Abstract Background: The TEMPS-A has been validated in 8 languages, the original being American English, and includes among others such Latin languages as Italian, French, and Spanish-Buenos Aires. This is the first Portuguese-Lisbon validation.
    Methods: The sample included 1173 students from six different universities and representing most disciplines (such as medicine, law, humanities, engineering, etc.), both sexes (67% female), and ages between 17 and 58 (x+/-SD=21+/-4). Standard psychometric tests were used for internal consistency, validity, and factor analysis.
    Results: The study upheld the 5 Factor proposed structure of TEMPS-A. Cronbach alpha varied from 0.67 for the depressive and 0.83 for the anxious, with the others in-between. We could retain all 110 items of the Interview Schedule. The highest mean scores were found for the hyperthymic, and the lowest for the irritable. As expected, depressive and anxious subscales had strong correlations, followed by the cyclothymic and anxious, and cyclothymic and irritable; in exploratory factor analysis, these subscales constituted Factor I, contrasted to the depressive and the hyperthymic as a biphasic continuum (Factor II). Females scored higher on the depressive, cyclothymic and anxious, and the males on hyperthymic and irritable. Overall, however, no temperament was "dominant" in this population, all temperaments z-scores being 3.3-4%!
    Limitations: Study limited to university students of young age.
    Conclusions: TEMPS-A Lisbon is a reliable and valid instrument. The only relatively weak factor is the depressive, which is similar to other language versions. Gender differences and correlations of temperaments are generally similar to other countries. What appears relatively special to the Portuguese is the relatively "balanced" mix of temperaments in this university student population.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Adult ; Age Factors ; Anxiety Disorders/diagnosis ; Anxiety Disorders/psychology ; Cross-Cultural Comparison ; Cyclothymic Disorder/diagnosis ; Cyclothymic Disorder/psychology ; Depressive Disorder/diagnosis ; Depressive Disorder/psychology ; European Continental Ancestry Group ; Factor Analysis, Statistical ; Female ; Humans ; Irritable Mood ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Personality Inventory/statistics & numerical data ; Portugal ; Psychometrics ; Reproducibility of Results ; Sex Factors ; Students/psychology ; Students/statistics & numerical data ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Temperament ; Translations ; Universities
    Language English
    Publishing date 2008-12
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Comparative Study ; Journal Article ; Multicenter Study
    ZDB-ID 135449-8
    ISSN 1573-2517 ; 0165-0327
    ISSN (online) 1573-2517
    ISSN 0165-0327
    DOI 10.1016/j.jad.2008.03.001
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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