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  1. Article: Emerging Tick-borne Infections in the Upper Midwest and Northeast United States Among Patients With Suspected Anaplasmosis.

    Reller, Megan E / Clemens, Emily G / Bakken, Johan S / Dumler, J Stephen

    Open forum infectious diseases

    2024  Volume 11, Issue 4, Page(s) ofae149

    Abstract: Background: Emerging tick-transmitted illnesses are increasingly recognized in the United States (US). To identify multiple potential tick-borne pathogens in patients from the Upper Midwest and Northeast US with suspected anaplasmosis, we used state-of- ... ...

    Abstract Background: Emerging tick-transmitted illnesses are increasingly recognized in the United States (US). To identify multiple potential tick-borne pathogens in patients from the Upper Midwest and Northeast US with suspected anaplasmosis, we used state-of-the-art methods (polymerase chain reaction [PCR] and paired serology) to test samples from patients in whom anaplasmosis had been excluded.
    Methods: Five hundred sixty-eight patients without anaplasmosis had optimal samples available for confirmation of alternative tick-borne pathogens, including PCR and/or paired serology (acute-convalescent interval ≤42 days).
    Results: Among 266 paired serology evaluations, for which the median acute-convalescent sampling interval was 28 (interquartile range, 21-33) days, we identified 35 acute/recent infections (24 [9%]
    Conclusions: By identifying other tick-borne agents in patients in whom anaplasmosis had been excluded, we demonstrate that emerging tick-borne infections will be identified if specifically sought.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-15
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2757767-3
    ISSN 2328-8957
    ISSN 2328-8957
    DOI 10.1093/ofid/ofae149
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Innate immunity in rickettsial infections.

    Londoño, Andrés F / Scorpio, Diana G / Dumler, J Stephen

    Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology

    2023  Volume 13, Page(s) 1187267

    Abstract: ... ...

    Abstract Rickett
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Rickettsia Infections/microbiology ; Immunity, Innate ; Rickettsia ; Anaplasma phagocytophilum ; Autophagy
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-05-09
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 2619676-1
    ISSN 2235-2988 ; 2235-2988
    ISSN (online) 2235-2988
    ISSN 2235-2988
    DOI 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1187267
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  3. Article ; Online: Optimization and Evaluation of a Multiplex Quantitative PCR Assay for Detection of Nucleic Acids in Human Blood Samples from Patients with Spotted Fever Rickettsiosis, Typhus Rickettsiosis, Scrub Typhus, Monocytic Ehrlichiosis, and Granulocytic Anaplasmosis.

    Reller, Megan E / Dumler, J Stephen

    Journal of clinical microbiology

    2020  Volume 58, Issue 9

    Abstract: Spotted fever group rickettsioses (SFGR), typhus group rickettsioses (TGR), scrub typhus (caused ... ...

    Abstract Spotted fever group rickettsioses (SFGR), typhus group rickettsioses (TGR), scrub typhus (caused by
    MeSH term(s) Anaplasmosis ; Animals ; Ehrlichiosis/diagnosis ; Endothelial Cells ; Humans ; Nucleic Acids ; Orientia tsutsugamushi/genetics ; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Retrospective Studies ; Rickettsia Infections ; Scrub Typhus/diagnosis ; Spotted Fever Group Rickettsiosis ; Typhus, Epidemic Louse-Borne
    Chemical Substances Nucleic Acids
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-08-24
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 390499-4
    ISSN 1098-660X ; 0095-1137
    ISSN (online) 1098-660X
    ISSN 0095-1137
    DOI 10.1128/JCM.01802-19
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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 1188: Show issues Location:
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  4. Article ; Online: Immune evasion strategies of major tick-transmitted bacterial pathogens.

    Rana, Vipin Singh / Kitsou, Chrysoula / Dumler, J Stephen / Pal, Utpal

    Trends in microbiology

    2022  Volume 31, Issue 1, Page(s) 62–75

    Abstract: Tick-transmitted bacterial pathogens thrive in enzootic infection cycles, colonizing disparate vertebrate and arthropod tissues, often establishing persistent infections. Therefore, the evolution of robust immune evasion strategies is central to their ... ...

    Abstract Tick-transmitted bacterial pathogens thrive in enzootic infection cycles, colonizing disparate vertebrate and arthropod tissues, often establishing persistent infections. Therefore, the evolution of robust immune evasion strategies is central to their successful persistence or transmission between hosts. To survive in nature, these pathogens must counteract a broad range of microbicidal host responses that can be localized, tissue-specific, or systemic, including a mix of these responses at the host-vector interface. Herein, we review microbial immune evasion strategies focusing on Lyme disease spirochetes and rickettsial or tularemia agents as models for extracellular and intracellular tick-borne pathogens, respectively. A better understanding of these adaptive strategies could enrich our knowledge of the infection biology of relevant tick-borne diseases, contributing to the development of future preventions.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Humans ; Ixodes/microbiology ; Immune Evasion ; Tick-Borne Diseases/microbiology ; Borrelia burgdorferi ; Rickettsia
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-08-31
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 1158963-2
    ISSN 1878-4380 ; 0966-842X
    ISSN (online) 1878-4380
    ISSN 0966-842X
    DOI 10.1016/j.tim.2022.08.002
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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 3738: Show issues Location:
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  5. Article ; Online: Benidipine impairs innate immunity converting sublethal to lethal infections in a murine model of spotted fever rickettsiosis.

    Londoño, Andrés F / Farner, Jennifer M / Dillon, Marlon / Grab, Dennis J / Kim, Yuri / Scorpio, Diana G / Dumler, J Stephen

    PLoS neglected tropical diseases

    2024  Volume 18, Issue 2, Page(s) e0011993

    Abstract: Spotted fever group rickettsiae are tick-borne obligate intracellular bacteria that infect microvascular endothelial cells. Humans and mammalian infection results in endothelial cell barrier dysfunction and increased vascular permeability. We previously ... ...

    Abstract Spotted fever group rickettsiae are tick-borne obligate intracellular bacteria that infect microvascular endothelial cells. Humans and mammalian infection results in endothelial cell barrier dysfunction and increased vascular permeability. We previously demonstrated that treatment of Rickettsia parkeri-infected cells with the calcium channel blocker benidipine significantly delayed vascular barrier permeability. Thus, we hypothesized that benidipine, known to be safe and effective for other clinical processes, could reduce rickettsia-induced vascular permeability in vivo in an animal model of spotted fever rickettsiosis. Based on liver, lung and brain vascular FITC-dextran extravasation studies, benidipine did not reliably impact vascular permeability. However, it precipitated a deleterious effect on responses to control sublethal R. parkeri infection. Animals treated with benidipine alone had no clinical signs or changes in histopathology and splenic immune cell distributions. Benidipine-treated infected animals had marked increases in tissue and blood bacterial loads, more extensive inflammatory histopathologic injury, and changes in splenic architecture and immune cell distributions potentially reflecting diminished Ca2+ signaling, reduced innate immune cell activation, and loss of rickettsial propagation control. Impaired T cell activation by R. parkeri antigen in the presence of benidipine was confirmed in vitro with the use of NKT cell hybridomas. The unexpected findings stand in stark contrast to recent discussions of the benefits of calcium channel blockers for viral infections and chronic infectious or inflammatory diseases. A role for calcium channel blockers in exacerbation of human rickettsiosis and acute inflammatory infections should be evaluated by a retrospective review of patient's outcomes and medications.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Mice ; Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Calcium Channel Blockers ; Endothelial Cells/pathology ; Rickettsia Infections/microbiology ; Rickettsia/physiology ; Spotted Fever Group Rickettsiosis/pathology ; Immunity, Innate ; Mammals ; Dihydropyridines
    Chemical Substances benidipine (4G9T91JS7E) ; Calcium Channel Blockers ; Dihydropyridines
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-26
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2429704-5
    ISSN 1935-2735 ; 1935-2735
    ISSN (online) 1935-2735
    ISSN 1935-2735
    DOI 10.1371/journal.pntd.0011993
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Rickettsioses and Q Fever in Tanzania: Estimating the Burden of Pervasive and Neglected Causes of Severe Febrile Illness in Sub-Saharan Africa.

    Blair, Paul W / Lamorde, Mohammed / Dumler, J Stephen

    The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene

    2021  Volume 106, Issue 2, Page(s) 371–372

    MeSH term(s) Causality ; Fever ; Humans ; Q Fever ; Rickettsia Infections ; Tanzania
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-12-20
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Editorial ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 2942-7
    ISSN 1476-1645 ; 0002-9637
    ISSN (online) 1476-1645
    ISSN 0002-9637
    DOI 10.4269/ajtmh.21-0963
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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Ud II Zs.61: Show issues Location:
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  7. Article: Immune evasion strategies of major tick-transmitted bacterial pathogens

    Rana, Vipin Singh / Kitsou, Chrysoula / Dumler, J. Stephen / Pal, Utpal

    Elsevier Ltd Trends in microbiology. 2022,

    2022  

    Abstract: Tick-transmitted bacterial pathogens thrive in enzootic infection cycles, colonizing disparate vertebrate and arthropod tissues, often establishing persistent infections. Therefore, the evolution of robust immune evasion strategies is central to their ... ...

    Abstract Tick-transmitted bacterial pathogens thrive in enzootic infection cycles, colonizing disparate vertebrate and arthropod tissues, often establishing persistent infections. Therefore, the evolution of robust immune evasion strategies is central to their successful persistence or transmission between hosts. To survive in nature, these pathogens must counteract a broad range of microbicidal host responses that can be localized, tissue-specific, or systemic, including a mix of these responses at the host–vector interface. Herein, we review microbial immune evasion strategies focusing on Lyme disease spirochetes and rickettsial or tularemia agents as models for extracellular and intracellular tick-borne pathogens, respectively. A better understanding of these adaptive strategies could enrich our knowledge of the infection biology of relevant tick-borne diseases, contributing to the development of future preventions.
    Keywords Lyme disease ; arthropods ; enzootic diseases ; evolution ; immune evasion ; microbiology ; tularemia ; vertebrates
    Language English
    Publishing place Elsevier Ltd
    Document type Article
    Note Pre-press version
    ZDB-ID 1158963-2
    ISSN 1878-4380 ; 0966-842X
    ISSN (online) 1878-4380
    ISSN 0966-842X
    DOI 10.1016/j.tim.2022.08.002
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    In stock of ZB MED Bonn / Germany

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  8. Article ; Online: Development and Clinical Validation of a Multiplex Real-Time Quantitative PCR Assay for Human Infection by Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Ehrlichia chaffeensis.

    Reller, Megan E / Dumler, J Stephen

    Tropical medicine and infectious disease

    2018  Volume 3, Issue 1

    Abstract: Background: Human granulocytic anaplasmosis (HGA), caused by : Methods: We designed and clinically validated a multiplex real-time quantitative PCR assay for : Results: Clinical sensitivity and specificity for : Conclusions: These assays could ... ...

    Abstract Background: Human granulocytic anaplasmosis (HGA), caused by
    Methods: We designed and clinically validated a multiplex real-time quantitative PCR assay for
    Results: Clinical sensitivity and specificity for
    Conclusions: These assays could support early diagnosis and treatment as well as the high-throughput testing required for large epidemiologic studies.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-01-29
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2414-6366
    ISSN (online) 2414-6366
    DOI 10.3390/tropicalmed3010014
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  9. Article ; Online: Anaplasma phagocytophilum

    Kim, Yuri / Wang, Jianyang / Clemens, Emily G / Grab, Dennis J / Dumler, J Stephen

    Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology

    2022  Volume 12, Page(s) 828605

    Abstract: Anaplasma ... ...

    Abstract Anaplasma phagocytophilum
    MeSH term(s) Active Transport, Cell Nucleus ; Anaplasma phagocytophilum/genetics ; Anaplasma phagocytophilum/metabolism ; Animals ; Ankyrins/metabolism ; Cell Nucleus/metabolism ; Humans ; Karyopherins/metabolism ; beta Karyopherins/genetics ; beta Karyopherins/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Ankyrins ; Karyopherins ; beta Karyopherins
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-05-26
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 2619676-1
    ISSN 2235-2988 ; 2235-2988
    ISSN (online) 2235-2988
    ISSN 2235-2988
    DOI 10.3389/fcimb.2022.828605
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  10. Article ; Online: Spotted fever rickettsia-induced microvascular endothelial barrier dysfunction is delayed by the calcium channel blocker benidipine.

    Kim, Yuri / Clemens, Emily G / Farner, Jennifer M / Londono-Barbaran, Andres / Grab, Dennis J / Dumler, J Stephen

    Biochemical and biophysical research communications

    2023  Volume 663, Page(s) 96–103

    Abstract: The tick-borne bacterium Rickettsia parkeri is an obligate intracellular pathogen that belongs to spotted fever group rickettsia (SFGR). The SFG pathogens are characterized by their ability to infect and rapidly proliferate inside host vascular ... ...

    Abstract The tick-borne bacterium Rickettsia parkeri is an obligate intracellular pathogen that belongs to spotted fever group rickettsia (SFGR). The SFG pathogens are characterized by their ability to infect and rapidly proliferate inside host vascular endothelial cells that eventually result in impairment of vascular endothelium barrier functions. Benidipine, a wide range dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker, is used to prevent and treat cardiovascular diseases. In this study, we tested whether benidipine has protective effects against rickettsia-induced microvascular endothelial cell barrier dysfunction in vitro. We utilized an in vitro vascular model consisting of transformed human brain microvascular endothelial cells (tHBMECs) and continuously monitored transendothelial electric resistance (TEER) across the cell monolayer. We found that during the late stages of infection when we observed TEER decrease and when there was a gradual increase of the cytoplasmic [Ca
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Calcium Channel Blockers/pharmacology ; Calcium Channel Blockers/therapeutic use ; Endothelial Cells ; Nifedipine/pharmacology ; Dihydropyridines/pharmacology ; Rickettsia ; Spotted Fever Group Rickettsiosis/drug therapy ; Vascular Diseases
    Chemical Substances Calcium Channel Blockers ; benidipine (4G9T91JS7E) ; Nifedipine (I9ZF7L6G2L) ; Dihydropyridines
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-24
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 205723-2
    ISSN 1090-2104 ; 0006-291X ; 0006-291X
    ISSN (online) 1090-2104 ; 0006-291X
    ISSN 0006-291X
    DOI 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.04.045
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 116: Show issues Location:
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