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Book: Zebras, asses, and horses

Duncan, Patrick

an action plan for the conservationof [conservation of] wild equids

(IUCN SSC action plans for the conservation of biological diversity ; 22)

1992

Institution	World Conservation Union / Equid Specialist Group
Author's details	IUCN SSC Equid Specialist Group. Ed. by Patrick Duncan
Series title	IUCN SSC action plans for the conservation of biological diversity ; 22
Collection
Keywords	Pferde ; Wildtiere ; Artenschutz ; Prschewalskipferd ; Afrikanischer Wildesel ; Zebras
Subject	Equus asinus ; Equus przewalskii ; Equus ferus przewalskii ; Wildpferd ; Przewalskipferd ; Urwildpferd ; Takhi ; Östliches Steppenwildpferd ; Przewalski-Pferd ; Wildtier ; Wilde Tiere ; Wildlebende Tiere ; Einhufer ; Equidae
Size	VII, 36 S. : Ill., graph. Darst., Kt.
Publisher	IUCN
Publishing place	Gland
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Book
HBZ-ID	HT006699773
ISBN	2831700523 ; 9782831700526
Database	Catalogue ZB MED Nutrition, Environment, Agriculture

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954/1055	available for loan (reading room)	Freihandmagazin (U1)

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Article ; Online: Point-of-care ultrasound at Role 1: is it time for a rethink?

Duncan, Patrick G A / Mackey, J

BMJ military health

2020 Volume 166, Issue 6, Page(s) 406–410

Abstract: Introduction: The past 20 years have seen a rapid increase in point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) use in the prehospital sphere. However, in the British Army there is no POCUS capability in the Defence Primary Healthcare (DPHC) or deployed Role 1 setting. ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: The past 20 years have seen a rapid increase in point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) use in the prehospital sphere. However, in the British Army there is no POCUS capability in the Defence Primary Healthcare (DPHC) or deployed Role 1 setting. POCUS can improve diagnostic capability, influence management decisions and transfer destination, and is a useful triage tool in mass casualty management. Method: A survey on POCUS use was sent to 279 clinicians working in the Role 1, civilian prehospital and Defence Primary Healthcare environments. Questions explored current levels of experience and training, indications for use and attitudes towards roll out. Results were analysed using a mixed methods approach. Results: There were 124 respondents (279 recipients; 44.4% response rate). 74.2% (92 respondents) had no experience of using POCUS while 9.7% (12 respondents) were classed as frequent users. The four most common indications for prehospital POCUS were abdominal, cardiac and lung imaging and vascular access. The majority of respondents felt that POCUS would add value in the deployed Role 1 environment; this was even more evident in the frequent user group. Common concerns were difficulty maintaining currency, governance burden and uncertainty over impact on management. Conclusion: The majority of doctors surveyed feel that POCUS would add value at Role 1 and is a capability that should be developed. The authors will watch with interest the progress of Project MORPHO.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Point-of-Care Systems/standards ; Point-of-Care Systems/trends ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Ultrasonography/instrumentation ; Ultrasonography/trends ; United Kingdom
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-05-20
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	3011686-7
ISSN	2633-3775 ; 2633-3767
ISSN (online)	2633-3775
ISSN	2633-3767
DOI	10.1136/bmjmilitary-2020-001466
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Article: Anthelmintic Treatment and the Stability of Parasite Distribution in Ruminants.

Morgan, Eric R / Segonds-Pichon, Anne / Ferté, Hubert / Duncan, Patrick / Cabaret, Jacques

Animals : an open access journal from MDPI

2023 Volume 13, Issue 11

Abstract: Parasites are generally overdispersed among their hosts, with far-reaching implications for their population dynamics and control. The factors determining parasite overdispersion have long been debated. In particular, stochastic parasite acquisition and ... ...

Abstract	Parasites are generally overdispersed among their hosts, with far-reaching implications for their population dynamics and control. The factors determining parasite overdispersion have long been debated. In particular, stochastic parasite acquisition and individual host variation in density-dependent regulation through acquired host immunity have been identified as key factors, but their relative roles and possible interactions have seen little empirical exploration in parasite populations. Here, Taylor's power law is applied to test the hypothesis that periodic parasite removal destabilises the host-parasite relationship and increases variance in parasite burden around the mean. The slope of the power relationship was compared by analysis of covariance among 325 nematode populations in wild and domestic ruminants, exploiting that domestic ruminants are often routinely treated against parasite infections. In
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-05
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2606558-7
ISSN	2076-2615
ISSN	2076-2615
DOI	10.3390/ani13111882
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Article ; Online: A 59-Year-Old Man With Chronic Kidney Disease After Kidney Transplantation Presents With Chronic Dyspnea.

Duncan, Patrick / Cull, Stephanie / Shah, Palmi / Gamino, Amie

Chest

2019 Volume 157, Issue 1, Page(s) e9–e12

Abstract: Case presentation: A 59-year-old man presented to the ED with a chief complaint of shortness of breath. His past medical history was significant for end-stage renal disease secondary to lithium toxicity, immunosuppression subsequent to cadaveric renal ... ...

Abstract	Case presentation: A 59-year-old man presented to the ED with a chief complaint of shortness of breath. His past medical history was significant for end-stage renal disease secondary to lithium toxicity, immunosuppression subsequent to cadaveric renal transplantation, bipolar disorder, and hypertension. His shortness of breath had begun 6 months previously and was initially intermittent; it then progressed to constant shortness of breath over the few weeks before presentation. He had no fever, hemoptysis, or chest pain. The patient was admitted to hospital for further evaluation.
MeSH term(s)	Calcinosis/diagnosis ; Calcinosis/etiology ; Calcinosis/therapy ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Disease Progression ; Dyspnea/etiology ; Humans ; Kidney Transplantation ; Lung Diseases/diagnosis ; Lung Diseases/etiology ; Lung Diseases/therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/complications ; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/etiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-12-12
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Case Reports ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1032552-9
ISSN	1931-3543 ; 0012-3692
ISSN (online)	1931-3543
ISSN	0012-3692
DOI	10.1016/j.chest.2019.08.1918
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Article: Do infanticides occur in harem-forming equids? A test with long-term sociodemographic data in wild plains zebras

Vitet, Camille / Duncan, Patrick / Ganswindt, Andre / Mabika, Cheryl / Chamaillé-Jammes, Simon

The Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour Animal behaviour. 2021 July, v. 177

2021

Abstract: Social dynamics can play a major role in shaping the population ecology and evolutionary trajectory of a species. This is, for instance, the case in species known to experience infanticide when a dominant male is replaced by another. Infanticide by males ...

Abstract	Social dynamics can play a major role in shaping the population ecology and evolutionary trajectory of a species. This is, for instance, the case in species known to experience infanticide when a dominant male is replaced by another. Infanticide by males has been observed in many taxa, mostly in species that breed year-round and in which a few males monopolize reproduction. In such species, infanticide often occurs after take-overs of breeding groups, and the frequency of take-overs often increases with increasing female group size, therefore raising the risk of infanticide in larger groups. Among ungulates, male infanticide has been reported mostly in harem-forming equids in captive populations, usually following harem-male turnover. In this study, we empirically tested in the wild whether the rate of stallion (i.e. harem-male) turnover increases with the number of reproductive females in harems, and whether these events reduce foal survival. We used a long-term study of wild plains zebra, Equus quagga, in Hwange National Park, Zimbabwe, where, for more than 15 years, stallion turnovers have been recorded and accurate data on pregnancy obtained by hormone assays. We show that stallion turnovers were frequent and, as expected, particularly in harems with many reproductive females. We found that foal survival did not differ significantly between situations when a stallion turnover occurred shortly before or after their birth and when it did not. This result was consistent with the fact that no attacks by stallions on foals of their group or forced matings were observed during the study. Our study offers rare data showing that if male infanticide occurs in wild plains zebra, this should be rare, and has no important consequences for foal survival at the population level.
Keywords	Equus burchellii ; animal behavior ; females ; foals ; group size ; national parks ; pregnancy ; risk ; stallions ; zebras ; Zimbabwe
Language	English
Dates of publication	2021-07
Size	p. 9-18.
Publishing place	Elsevier Ltd
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	281-1
ISSN	0003-3472
ISSN	0003-3472
DOI	10.1016/j.anbehav.2021.04.012
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Discovering and improving novel peptide therapeutics.

McGregor, Duncan Patrick

Current opinion in pharmacology

2008 Volume 8, Issue 5, Page(s) 616–619

Abstract: Peptides have a number of advantages over small molecules in terms of specificity and affinity for targets, and over antibodies in terms of size. However, sensitivity to serum and tissue proteases coupled with short serum half-life has resulted in few ... ...

Abstract	Peptides have a number of advantages over small molecules in terms of specificity and affinity for targets, and over antibodies in terms of size. However, sensitivity to serum and tissue proteases coupled with short serum half-life has resulted in few recombinant library derived peptides, making the transition from lead to drug on the market. Recently, a series of technologies have been developed to address both these issues: selection methodologies addressing protease resistance have been developed that when combined with methods such as pegylation antibody Fc attachment and binding to serum albumin look likely to finally turn therapeutic peptides into a widely accepted drug class.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Drug Delivery Systems ; Drug Design ; Drug Stability ; Humans ; Peptide Hydrolases/chemistry ; Peptides/chemistry ; Peptides/isolation & purification ; Peptides/pharmacology ; Protein Engineering/trends
Chemical Substances	Peptides ; Peptide Hydrolases (EC 3.4.-)
Language	English
Publishing date	2008-10
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2037057-X
ISSN	1471-4973 ; 1471-4892
ISSN (online)	1471-4973
ISSN	1471-4892
DOI	10.1016/j.coph.2008.06.002
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Article ; Online: Characteristics and outcomes among vaccinated lung transplant patients with breakthrough COVID-19.

Bollineni, Srinivas / Mahan, Luke D / Duncan, Patrick / Mohanka, Manish R / Lawrence, Adrian / Joerns, John / Timofte, Irina / Torres, Fernando / La Hoz, Ricardo M / Kershaw, Corey D / Terada, Lance S / Kaza, Vaidehi / Banga, Amit

Transplant infectious disease : an official journal of the Transplantation Society

2022 Volume 24, Issue 2, Page(s) e13784

Abstract: Background: Despite multiple studies evaluating the immunological responsiveness to vaccines, the clinical effectiveness of the two-dose mRNA vaccine schedule among lung transplant (LT) patients has not been evaluated.: Methods: We included LT ... ...

Abstract	Background: Despite multiple studies evaluating the immunological responsiveness to vaccines, the clinical effectiveness of the two-dose mRNA vaccine schedule among lung transplant (LT) patients has not been evaluated. Methods: We included LT patients who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 on a nasopharyngeal swab between March 1, 2020, and August 25, 2021 (n = 70). The study group was divided based on their vaccination status. Results: During the study period, 14 fully vaccinated LT patients with one of the mRNA vaccines tested positive for COVID-19 (median age 54, range 30-62 years, M:F 9:5). The vaccinated cohort was younger with bilateral LT, have suppurative conditions as the transplant indication, and present with milder symptoms. However, pulmonary parenchymal involvement was seen among all 12 patients where computed tomography (CT) of chest was available. The laboratory profile indicated a more subdued inflammatory response among the vaccinated group. A lower proportion of vaccinated patients developed respiratory failure, needed ICU admission or ventilator support, although none of the differences achieved statistical significance. None of the vaccinated patients succumbed to COVID-19 during the study period, while the 4-week mortality among unvaccinated patients was nearly 15% (8/56). Conclusions: In this cohort of vaccinated LT patients who developed breakthrough COVID-19, the clinical course, risk of complications, and outcomes trended better than unvaccinated patients. However, universal involvement of the allograft demonstrates the continued vulnerability of these patients to significant sequelae from COVID-19. Future studies may evaluate the incremental protection of vaccination after the completion of the third dose of mRNA vaccines among LT patients.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; COVID-19/prevention & control ; Humans ; Lung Transplantation/adverse effects ; Middle Aged ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Vaccination ; Vaccines, Synthetic ; mRNA Vaccines
Chemical Substances	Vaccines, Synthetic ; mRNA Vaccines
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-19
Publishing country	Denmark
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1476094-0
ISSN	1399-3062 ; 1398-2273
ISSN (online)	1399-3062
ISSN	1398-2273
DOI	10.1111/tid.13784
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Article ; Online: Between-gender differences in vigilance do not necessarily lead to differences in foraging-vigilance tradeoffs.

Barnier, Florian / Duncan, Patrick / Fritz, Hervé / Blanchard, Pierrick / Rubenstein, Daniel I / Pays, Olivier

Oecologia

2016 Volume 181, Issue 3, Page(s) 757–768

Abstract: When prey are time limited in their access to food, any trade-off involving time should ultimately affect their intake rate. In many herbivores, males and females experience different ecological pressures affecting their survival and reproduction because ...

Abstract	When prey are time limited in their access to food, any trade-off involving time should ultimately affect their intake rate. In many herbivores, males and females experience different ecological pressures affecting their survival and reproduction because of differences in morphology, physiology and energy/nutrient requirements. If males and females have different vigilance strategies that affect their intake rates differently, they will suffer different foraging costs. This is particularly relevant in sexually monomorphic herbivores, where the two sexes have similar basal energy/nutrient requirements and risk of predation. We investigated how gender, reproductive status, age, group size, predation risk, and food biomass affected vigilance, intake rate, and their trade-off in a monomorphic species, the plains zebra (Equus quagga). Males were more vigilant than females, and lactating females were less vigilant than other females; the levels of vigilance were low (ca. 10 % of feeding time). The effects on time spent feeding, bite rates and intake rates were small and statistically not significant. Reproductive status did not affect the strength of the relationship between vigilance and intake rate, but intake rates increased with group size and, for adult females, were higher in tall grass. While gender and reproductive status were major drivers of vigilance, and group size and food biomass of the rate of food intake, males and females adjust their bite rates and food intake with vigilance in similar ways. Our results support the hypothesis that in monomorphic animals, males and females seem to make similar trade-offs (i.e. adjustments) between vigilance and intake rate.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Female ; Herbivory ; Lactation ; Male ; Predatory Behavior ; Reproduction ; Sex Characteristics
Language	English
Publishing date	2016-07
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	123369-5
ISSN	1432-1939 ; 0029-8549
ISSN (online)	1432-1939
ISSN	0029-8549
DOI	10.1007/s00442-016-3614-5
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Article: Can studies of cognitive abilities and of life in the wild really help us to understand equine learning?

Leblanc, Michel-Antoine / Duncan, Patrick

Behavioural processes

2007 Volume 76, Issue 1, Page(s) 49–52; discussion 57–60

MeSH term(s)	Animal Husbandry ; Animals ; Animals, Domestic ; Animals, Wild ; Behavior, Animal/physiology ; Cognition/physiology ; Ethics, Research ; Horses/physiology ; Horses/psychology ; Learning/physiology ; Research Design
Language	English
Publishing date	2007-09
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Comment ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	196999-7
ISSN	1872-8308 ; 0376-6357
ISSN (online)	1872-8308
ISSN	0376-6357
DOI	10.1016/j.beproc.2006.11.009
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Article ; Online: Androgen changes and flexible rutting behaviour in male giraffes.

Seeber, Peter A / Duncan, Patrick / Fritz, Hervé / Ganswindt, André

Biology letters

2013 Volume 9, Issue 5, Page(s) 20130396

Abstract: The social organization of giraffes (Giraffa camelopardalis) imposes a high-cost reproductive strategy on bulls, which adopt a 'roving male' tactic. Our observations on wild giraffes confirm that bulls indeed have unsynchronized rut-like periods, not ... ...

Abstract	The social organization of giraffes (Giraffa camelopardalis) imposes a high-cost reproductive strategy on bulls, which adopt a 'roving male' tactic. Our observations on wild giraffes confirm that bulls indeed have unsynchronized rut-like periods, not unlike another tropical megaherbivore, the elephant, but on a much shorter timescale. We found profound changes in male sexual and social activities at the scale of about two weeks. This so far undescribed rutting behaviour is closely correlated with changes in androgen concentrations and appears to be driven by them. The short time scale of the changes in sexual and social activity may explain why dominance and reproductive status in male giraffe in the field seem to be unstable.
MeSH term(s)	Androgens/physiology ; Animals ; Male ; Ruminants/physiology ; Sexual Behavior, Animal
Chemical Substances	Androgens
Language	English
Publishing date	2013-08-07
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2135022-X
ISSN	1744-957X ; 1744-9561
ISSN (online)	1744-957X
ISSN	1744-9561
DOI	10.1098/rsbl.2013.0396
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