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  1. Article ; Online: Risk factors for cancer of unknown primary: a literature review.

    Hermans, Karlijn E P E / Kazemzadeh, Fatemeh / Loef, Caroline / Jansen, Rob L H / Nagtegaal, Iris D / van den Brandt, Piet A / Schouten, Leo J

    BMC cancer

    2023  Volume 23, Issue 1, Page(s) 314

    Abstract: Cancer of Unknown Primary (CUP) is metastatic cancer with an unidentifiable primary tumour origin during life. It remains difficult to study the occurrence and aetiology of CUP. Hitherto, it is unclear whether risk factors are associated with CUP, yet ... ...

    Abstract Cancer of Unknown Primary (CUP) is metastatic cancer with an unidentifiable primary tumour origin during life. It remains difficult to study the occurrence and aetiology of CUP. Hitherto, it is unclear whether risk factors are associated with CUP, yet identifying these factors could reveal whether CUP is a specific entity or a cluster of metastasised cancers from various primary tumour origins. Epidemiological studies on possible CUP risk factors were systematically searched in PubMed and Web of Science on February 1
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Neoplasms, Unknown Primary/pathology ; Risk Factors ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Smoking ; Alcohol Drinking
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-05
    Publishing country England
    Document type Systematic Review ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2041352-X
    ISSN 1471-2407 ; 1471-2407
    ISSN (online) 1471-2407
    ISSN 1471-2407
    DOI 10.1186/s12885-023-10794-6
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article: Corrosion behavior and magnetocaloric property of pure phase La

    Hu, J I E / Liu, H A O T I A N / Zhang, X I N Y A O / Wang, Z H I / Yang, Z H I G A N G / Feng, M E N G N A N / Shi, X U E P E N G

    Heliyon

    2024  Volume 10, Issue 3, Page(s) e25169

    Abstract: To further study the corrosion mechanism of pure phase La(Fe,Si) ...

    Abstract To further study the corrosion mechanism of pure phase La(Fe,Si)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-24
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2835763-2
    ISSN 2405-8440
    ISSN 2405-8440
    DOI 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25169
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Type 2 diabetes mellitus and cancer of unknown primary risk: results from the Netherlands Cohort Study.

    Hermans, Karlijn E P E / Haque, Sharmi / van den Brandt, Piet A / Loef, Caroline / Jansen, Rob L H / Schouten, Leo J

    European journal of cancer prevention : the official journal of the European Cancer Prevention Organisation (ECP)

    2022  Volume 31, Issue 6, Page(s) 600–608

    Abstract: Objective: Cancer of unknown primary (CUP) is a metastatic malignancy with an unidentifiable primary tumour origin. Previous studies suggest that type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and CUP risk are associated. This study examines the association in greater ...

    Abstract Objective: Cancer of unknown primary (CUP) is a metastatic malignancy with an unidentifiable primary tumour origin. Previous studies suggest that type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and CUP risk are associated. This study examines the association in greater depth by investigating T2DM status, T2DM duration, T2DM age at diagnosis, and medication that was being used in relation to CUP.
    Methods: Data were utilized from the Netherlands Cohort Study, a prospective cohort that includes 120 852 participants aged 55-69 years at baseline in 1986. All participants completed a self-administered questionnaire on cancer risk factors. CUP cases were identified through record linkage with the Netherlands Cancer Registry and Dutch Pathology Registry. After 20.3 years of follow-up, 963 incident CUP cases and 4288 subcohort members were available for case-cohort analyses. Proportional hazards models were employed to estimate multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs).
    Results: Overall, we observed a nonsignificant positive association between T2DM status and CUP risk [HR, 1.35; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.92-1.99], which increased in women after stratification for sex (HR, 1.55; 95% CI, 0.90-2.64). For participants who were aged less than 50 years at diagnosis of T2DM, a statistically significant positive association was found in relation to CUP (HR, 2.42; 95% CI, 1.26-4.65), compared with participants without T2DM.
    Conclusion: Our findings indicate that there is a nonsignificant positive association between T2DM and CUP risk and that the association became stronger in women in stratified analyses.
    MeSH term(s) Cohort Studies ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/diagnosis ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Neoplasms, Unknown Primary/complications ; Neoplasms, Unknown Primary/diagnosis ; Neoplasms, Unknown Primary/epidemiology ; Netherlands/epidemiology ; Proportional Hazards Models ; Prospective Studies ; Risk Factors
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-05-05
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1137033-6
    ISSN 1473-5709 ; 0959-8278
    ISSN (online) 1473-5709
    ISSN 0959-8278
    DOI 10.1097/CEJ.0000000000000749
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Vegetable and fruit consumption and cancer of unknown primary risk: results from the Netherlands cohort study on diet and cancer.

    Hermans, Karlijn E P E / van den Brandt, Piet A / Loef, Caroline / Jansen, Rob L H / Schouten, Leo J

    BMC cancer

    2022  Volume 22, Issue 1, Page(s) 399

    Abstract: Background: Cancer of Unknown Primary (CUP) is a metastatic cancer for which the primary lesion remains unidentifiable during life and little is also known about the modifiable risk factors that contribute to its development. This study investigates ... ...

    Abstract Background: Cancer of Unknown Primary (CUP) is a metastatic cancer for which the primary lesion remains unidentifiable during life and little is also known about the modifiable risk factors that contribute to its development. This study investigates whether vegetables and fruits are associated with CUP risk.
    Methods: We used data from the prospective Netherlands Cohort Study on Diet and Cancer which includes 120,852 participants aged between 55 and 69 years in 1986. All participants completed a self-administered questionnaire on cancer risk factors at baseline. Cancer follow-up was established through record linkage to the Netherlands Cancer Registry and the Dutch Pathology Registry. As a result, 867 incident CUP cases and 4005 subcohort members were available for case-cohort analyses after 20.3 years of follow-up. Multivariable adjusted hazard ratios were calculated using proportional hazards models.
    Results: We observed no associations between total vegetable and fruit consumption (combined or as separate groups) and CUP risk. However, there appeared to be an inverse association between the consumption of raw leafy vegetables and CUP. With respect to individual vegetable and fruit items, we found neither vegetable nor fruit items to be associated with CUP risk.
    Conclusions: Overall, vegetable and fruit intake were not associated with CUP incidence within this cohort.
    MeSH term(s) Aged ; Cohort Studies ; Diet ; Fruit ; Humans ; Incidence ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasms, Unknown Primary ; Netherlands/epidemiology ; Prospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Vegetables
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-04-13
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2041352-X
    ISSN 1471-2407 ; 1471-2407
    ISSN (online) 1471-2407
    ISSN 1471-2407
    DOI 10.1186/s12885-022-09502-7
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Adherence to the World Cancer Research Fund and the American Institute for Cancer Research lifestyle recommendations for cancer prevention and Cancer of Unknown Primary risk.

    Hermans, Karlijn E P E / van den Brandt, Piet A / Loef, Caroline / Jansen, Rob L H / Schouten, Leo J

    Clinical nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland)

    2022  Volume 41, Issue 2, Page(s) 526–535

    Abstract: Background & aims: The World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF) and American Institute for Cancer Research (AICR) updated their cancer prevention recommendations in 2018. Adherence to these recommendations has been associated with lower cancer risk and ... ...

    Abstract Background & aims: The World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF) and American Institute for Cancer Research (AICR) updated their cancer prevention recommendations in 2018. Adherence to these recommendations has been associated with lower cancer risk and mortality. However, adherence in relation to Cancer of Unknown Primary (CUP) risk has not been studied. This study investigates whether adherence to the WCRF/AICR recommendations is associated with CUP risk.
    Methods: Data from the prospective Netherlands Cohort Study on diet and cancer was used to measure adherence to the recommendations in relation to CUP risk. The cohort includes 120 852 participants (aged 55-69 years), who completed a self-administered questionnaire on cancer risk factors at baseline. Adherence was investigated with respect to body fatness, physical activity, plant foods, meat consumption and alcohol. Incident CUP cases were identified through record linkage to the Netherlands Cancer Registry and Dutch Pathology Registry. A follow-up of 20.3 years, resulted in 856 incident CUP cases and 3911 subcohort members with complete information available for case-cohort analyses. Multivariable adjusted hazard ratios were estimated using proportional hazards models and were adjusted for age at baseline, sex, cigarette smoking (status, frequency, and duration) and total energy intake.
    Results: Highest adherence appeared to be associated with decreased CUP risk in the age-sex adjusted model (HR: 0.76, 95% CI: 0.62-0.92). After additional adjustment for cigarette smoking (status, frequency, and duration), the association attenuated and was no longer statistically significant. No multiplicative interactions were observed between sex nor smoking status and overall adherence in relation to CUP.
    Conclusion: Within this cohort, highest adherence to the WCRF/AICR recommendations is not statistically significantly associated with decreased CUP risk after multivariable adjustment.
    MeSH term(s) Aged ; Diet, Healthy/standards ; Diet, Healthy/statistics & numerical data ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Guideline Adherence/statistics & numerical data ; Healthy Lifestyle ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasms, Unknown Primary/epidemiology ; Neoplasms, Unknown Primary/etiology ; Neoplasms, Unknown Primary/prevention & control ; Netherlands/epidemiology ; Proportional Hazards Models ; Prospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Surveys and Questionnaires
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-01-04
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 604812-2
    ISSN 1532-1983 ; 0261-5614
    ISSN (online) 1532-1983
    ISSN 0261-5614
    DOI 10.1016/j.clnu.2021.12.038
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article: Adherence to the World Cancer Research Fund and the American Institute for Cancer Research lifestyle recommendations for cancer prevention and Cancer of Unknown Primary risk

    Hermans, Karlijn E.P.E. / van den Brandt, Piet A. / Loef, Caroline / Jansen, Rob L.H. / Schouten, Leo J.

    Clinical nutrition. 2022 Feb., v. 41, no. 2

    2022  

    Abstract: The World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF) and American Institute for Cancer Research (AICR) updated their cancer prevention recommendations in 2018. Adherence to these recommendations has been associated with lower cancer risk and mortality. However, ... ...

    Abstract The World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF) and American Institute for Cancer Research (AICR) updated their cancer prevention recommendations in 2018. Adherence to these recommendations has been associated with lower cancer risk and mortality. However, adherence in relation to Cancer of Unknown Primary (CUP) risk has not been studied. This study investigates whether adherence to the WCRF/AICR recommendations is associated with CUP risk.Data from the prospective Netherlands Cohort Study on diet and cancer was used to measure adherence to the recommendations in relation to CUP risk. The cohort includes 120 852 participants (aged 55–69 years), who completed a self-administered questionnaire on cancer risk factors at baseline. Adherence was investigated with respect to body fatness, physical activity, plant foods, meat consumption and alcohol. Incident CUP cases were identified through record linkage to the Netherlands Cancer Registry and Dutch Pathology Registry. A follow-up of 20.3 years, resulted in 856 incident CUP cases and 3911 subcohort members with complete information available for case-cohort analyses. Multivariable adjusted hazard ratios were estimated using proportional hazards models and were adjusted for age at baseline, sex, cigarette smoking (status, frequency, and duration) and total energy intake.Highest adherence appeared to be associated with decreased CUP risk in the age-sex adjusted model (HR: 0.76, 95% CI: 0.62–0.92). After additional adjustment for cigarette smoking (status, frequency, and duration), the association attenuated and was no longer statistically significant. No multiplicative interactions were observed between sex nor smoking status and overall adherence in relation to CUP.Within this cohort, highest adherence to the WCRF/AICR recommendations is not statistically significantly associated with decreased CUP risk after multivariable adjustment.
    Keywords alcohols ; cigarettes ; clinical nutrition ; cohort studies ; energy ; lifestyle ; meat consumption ; models ; mortality ; physical activity ; questionnaires ; Netherlands
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2022-02
    Size p. 526-535.
    Publishing place Elsevier Ltd
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 604812-2
    ISSN 1532-1983 ; 0261-5614
    ISSN (online) 1532-1983
    ISSN 0261-5614
    DOI 10.1016/j.clnu.2021.12.038
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  7. Article ; Online: Meat consumption and cancer of unknown primary (CUP) risk: results from The Netherlands cohort study on diet and cancer.

    Hermans, Karlijn E P E / van den Brandt, Piet A / Loef, Caroline / Jansen, Rob L H / Schouten, Leo J

    European journal of nutrition

    2021  Volume 60, Issue 8, Page(s) 4579–4593

    Abstract: Purpose: Cancer of unknown primary (CUP) is a metastasised cancer for which no primary lesion could be identified during life. Research into CUP aetiology with respect to dietary factors is particularly scarce. This study investigates whether meat ... ...

    Abstract Purpose: Cancer of unknown primary (CUP) is a metastasised cancer for which no primary lesion could be identified during life. Research into CUP aetiology with respect to dietary factors is particularly scarce. This study investigates whether meat consumption is associated with CUP risk.
    Methods: Data was utilised from the prospective Netherlands cohort study that includes 1,20,852 participants aged 55-69 years. All participants completed a self-administered questionnaire on diet and other cancer risk factors at baseline. Cancer follow-up was established through record linkage to the Netherlands Cancer Registry and the Dutch Pathology Registry. A total of 899 CUP cases and 4111 subcohort members with complete and consistent dietary data were available for case-cohort analyses after 20.3 years of follow-up. Multivariable adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) were calculated using proportional hazards models.
    Results: We found a statistically significant positive association with beef and processed meat consumption and CUP risk in women (multivariable adjusted HR Q4 vs. Q1 1.47, 95% CI 1.04-2.07, P
    Conclusion: In this cohort, beef and processed meat consumption were positively associated with increased CUP risk in women, whereas a non-significant positive association was observed between processed meat consumption and CUP risk in men.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Cattle ; Cohort Studies ; Diet ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Meat ; Neoplasms, Unknown Primary ; Netherlands/epidemiology ; Proportional Hazards Models ; Prospective Studies ; Red Meat ; Risk Factors
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-06-21
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1466536-0
    ISSN 1436-6215 ; 1436-6207
    ISSN (online) 1436-6215
    ISSN 1436-6207
    DOI 10.1007/s00394-021-02600-5
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article: Meat consumption and cancer of unknown primary (CUP) risk: results from The Netherlands cohort study on diet and cancer

    Hermans, Karlijn E. P. E. / van den Brandt, Piet A. / Loef, Caroline / Jansen, Rob L. H. / Schouten, Leo J.

    European journal of nutrition. 2021 Dec., v. 60, no. 8

    2021  

    Abstract: PURPOSE: Cancer of unknown primary (CUP) is a metastasised cancer for which no primary lesion could be identified during life. Research into CUP aetiology with respect to dietary factors is particularly scarce. This study investigates whether meat ... ...

    Abstract PURPOSE: Cancer of unknown primary (CUP) is a metastasised cancer for which no primary lesion could be identified during life. Research into CUP aetiology with respect to dietary factors is particularly scarce. This study investigates whether meat consumption is associated with CUP risk. METHODS: Data was utilised from the prospective Netherlands cohort study that includes 1,20,852 participants aged 55–69 years. All participants completed a self-administered questionnaire on diet and other cancer risk factors at baseline. Cancer follow-up was established through record linkage to the Netherlands Cancer Registry and the Dutch Pathology Registry. A total of 899 CUP cases and 4111 subcohort members with complete and consistent dietary data were available for case–cohort analyses after 20.3 years of follow-up. Multivariable adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) were calculated using proportional hazards models. RESULTS: We found a statistically significant positive association with beef and processed meat consumption and CUP risk in women (multivariable adjusted HR Q4 vs. Q1 1.47, 95% CI 1.04–2.07, Pₜᵣₑₙd = 0.004 and Q4 vs. Q1 1.53, 95% CI 1.08–2.16, Pₜᵣₑₙd = 0.001, respectively), and a non-significant positive association with processed meat consumption and CUP risk in men (multivariable adjusted HR Q4 vs. Q1 1.33, 95% CI 0.99–1.79, Pₜᵣₑₙd = 0.15). No associations were observed between red meat (overall), poultry or fish consumption and CUP risk. CONCLUSION: In this cohort, beef and processed meat consumption were positively associated with increased CUP risk in women, whereas a non-significant positive association was observed between processed meat consumption and CUP risk in men.
    Keywords beef ; cohort studies ; etiology ; fish consumption ; meat consumption ; poultry ; processed meat ; questionnaires ; red meat ; Netherlands
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2021-12
    Size p. 4579-4593.
    Publishing place Springer Berlin Heidelberg
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 1466536-0
    ISSN 1436-6215 ; 1436-6207
    ISSN (online) 1436-6215
    ISSN 1436-6207
    DOI 10.1007/s00394-021-02600-5
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  9. Article ; Online: Anthropometry, physical activity and cancer of unknown primary (CUP) risk: Results from the Netherlands cohort study.

    Hermans, Karlijn E P E / van den Brandt, Piet A / Loef, Caroline / Jansen, Rob L H / Schouten, Leo J

    Cancer epidemiology

    2020  Volume 69, Page(s) 101836

    Abstract: Background: Cancer of Unknown Primary (CUP) is a metastatic disease for which the primary tumour origin could not be identified during life. Few studies have investigated the risk factors associated with this disease. This study investigates ... ...

    Abstract Background: Cancer of Unknown Primary (CUP) is a metastatic disease for which the primary tumour origin could not be identified during life. Few studies have investigated the risk factors associated with this disease. This study investigates anthropometry, physical activity and CUP risk.
    Methods: Data is used from the Netherlands Cohort Study, which includes 120,852 participants aged 55-69 years. All cohort members completed a self-administered questionnaire on cancer risk factors at baseline in 1986. Cancer follow-up was established through record linkage to the Netherlands Cancer Registry and the Dutch Pathology Registry. After a follow-up of 20.3 years, 926 incident CUP cases and 4099 subcohort members were available for case-cohort analyses. Proportional hazards models were used to compute multivariable adjusted hazard ratios (HRs).
    Results: We found no associations between height, body mass index (BMI) at baseline, BMI at age 20 years, change in BMI since age 20 years, clothing size (trouser/skirt size), or non-occupational physical activity and CUP risk.
    Conclusion: Our findings indicate that neither anthropometry nor physical activity are associated with the development of CUP.
    MeSH term(s) Aged ; Anthropometry/methods ; Cohort Studies ; Exercise/physiology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasms, Unknown Primary/physiopathology ; Netherlands ; Risk Factors
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-10-21
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2508729-0
    ISSN 1877-783X ; 1877-7821
    ISSN (online) 1877-783X
    ISSN 1877-7821
    DOI 10.1016/j.canep.2020.101836
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Alcohol consumption, cigarette smoking and cancer of unknown primary risk: Results from the Netherlands Cohort Study.

    Hermans, Karlijn E P E / van den Brandt, Piet A / Loef, Caroline / Jansen, Rob L H / Schouten, Leo J

    International journal of cancer

    2020  Volume 148, Issue 7, Page(s) 1586–1597

    Abstract: Cancer of unknown primary (CUP) is a metastasised malignancy with no identifiable primary tumour origin. Despite the frequent occurrence and bleak prognosis of CUP, research into its aetiology is scarce. Our study investigates alcohol consumption, ... ...

    Abstract Cancer of unknown primary (CUP) is a metastasised malignancy with no identifiable primary tumour origin. Despite the frequent occurrence and bleak prognosis of CUP, research into its aetiology is scarce. Our study investigates alcohol consumption, tobacco smoking and CUP risk. We used data from the Netherlands Cohort Study, a cohort that includes 120 852 participants aged 55 to 69 years, who completed a self-administered questionnaire on cancer risk factors at baseline. Cancer follow-up was established through record linkage to the Netherlands Cancer Registry and Dutch Pathology Registry. After 20.3 years of follow-up, 963 CUP cases and 4288 subcohort members were available for case-cohort analyses. Multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) were calculated using proportional hazard models. In general, CUP risk increased with higher levels of alcohol intake (P
    MeSH term(s) Aged ; Alcohol Drinking/adverse effects ; Cigarette Smoking/adverse effects ; Cohort Studies ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Life Style ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial/diagnosis ; Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial/etiology ; Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial/mortality ; Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial/pathology ; Neoplasms, Unknown Primary/diagnosis ; Neoplasms, Unknown Primary/etiology ; Neoplasms, Unknown Primary/mortality ; Neoplasms, Unknown Primary/pathology ; Netherlands/epidemiology ; Proportional Hazards Models ; Prospective Studies ; Registries ; Risk Factors ; Surveys and Questionnaires
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-10-20
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 218257-9
    ISSN 1097-0215 ; 0020-7136
    ISSN (online) 1097-0215
    ISSN 0020-7136
    DOI 10.1002/ijc.33328
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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