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Article ; Online: Could the D614G substitution in the SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) protein be associated with higher COVID-19 mortality?

Eaaswarkhanth, Muthukrishnan / Al Madhoun, Ashraf / Al-Mulla, Fahd

International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases

2020 Volume 96, Page(s) 459–460

Abstract: The increasing number of deaths due to the COVID-19 pandemic has raised serious global concerns. Increased testing capacity and ample intensive care availability could explain lower mortality in some countries compared to others. Nevertheless, it is also ...

Abstract	The increasing number of deaths due to the COVID-19 pandemic has raised serious global concerns. Increased testing capacity and ample intensive care availability could explain lower mortality in some countries compared to others. Nevertheless, it is also plausible that the SARS-CoV-2 mutations giving rise to different phylogenetic clades are responsible for the apparent death rate disparities around the world. Current research literature linking the genetic make-up of SARS-CoV-2 with fatalities is lacking. Here, we suggest that this disparity in fatality rates may be attributed to SARS-CoV-2 evolving mutations and urge the international community to begin addressing the phylogenetic clade classification of SARS-CoV-2 in relation to clinical outcomes.
MeSH term(s)	Betacoronavirus/chemistry ; Betacoronavirus/genetics ; COVID-19 ; Coronavirus Infections/genetics ; Coronavirus Infections/mortality ; Humans ; Models, Molecular ; Mutation ; Pandemics ; Phylogeny ; Pneumonia, Viral/genetics ; Pneumonia, Viral/mortality ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/chemistry ; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/genetics
Chemical Substances	Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus ; spike protein, SARS-CoV-2
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-05-26
Publishing country	Canada
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1331197-9
ISSN	1878-3511 ; 1201-9712
ISSN (online)	1878-3511
ISSN	1201-9712
DOI	10.1016/j.ijid.2020.05.071
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Article ; Online: Could the D614G substitution in the SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) protein be associated with higher COVID-19 mortality?

Eaaswarkhanth, Muthukrishnan / Al Madhoun, Ashraf / Al-Mulla, Fahd

International Journal of Infectious Diseases

2020 Volume 96, Page(s) 459–460

Keywords	Microbiology (medical) ; Infectious Diseases ; General Medicine ; covid19
Language	English
Publisher	Elsevier BV
Publishing country	us
Document type	Article ; Online
ZDB-ID	1331197-9
ISSN	1878-3511 ; 1201-9712
ISSN (online)	1878-3511
ISSN	1201-9712
DOI	10.1016/j.ijid.2020.05.071
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: Could the D614G substitution in the SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) protein be associated with higher COVID-19 mortality?

Eaaswarkhanth, Muthukrishnan / Al Madhoun, Ashraf / Al-Mulla, Fahd

Int J Infect Dis

Abstract	The increasing number of deaths due to the COVID-19 pandemic has raised serious global concerns. Increased testing capacity and ample intensive care availability could explain lower mortality in some countries compared to others. Nevertheless, it is also plausible that the SARS-CoV-2 mutations giving rise to different phylogenetic clades are responsible for the apparent death rate disparities around the world. Current research literature linking the genetic make-up of SARS-CoV-2 with fatalities is lacking. Here, we suggest that this disparity in fatality rates may be attributed to SARS-CoV-2 evolving mutations and urge the international community to begin addressing the phylogenetic clade classification of SARS-CoV-2 in relation to clinical outcomes.
Keywords	covid19
Publisher	WHO
Document type	Article
Note	WHO #Covidence: #361379
Database	COVID19

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Article ; Online: Could the D614G substitution in the SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) protein be associated with higher COVID-19 mortality?

Eaaswarkhanth, Muthukrishnan / Al Madhoun, Ashraf / Al-Mulla, Fahd

International journal of infectious diseases, 96:459-460

2020

Abstract	The increasing number of deaths due to the COVID-19 pandemic has raised serious global concerns. Increased testing capacity and ample intensive care availability could explain lower mortality in some countries compared to others. Nevertheless, it is also plausible that the SARS-CoV-2 mutations giving rise to different phylogenetic clades are responsible for the apparent death rate disparities around the world. Current research literature linking the genetic make-up of SARS-CoV-2 with fatalities is lacking. Here, we suggest that this disparity in fatality rates may be attributed to SARS-CoV-2 evolving mutations and urge the international community to begin addressing the phylogenetic clade classification of SARS-CoV-2 in relation to clinical outcomes.
Keywords	COVID-19 ; S-Protein ; D614G ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Coronavirus ; covid19
Language	English
Publishing country	de
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: Salivary Microbiome Diversity in Kuwaiti Adolescents with Varied Body Mass Index—A Pilot Study

Alqaderi, Hend / Ramakodi, Meganathan P. / Nizam, Rasheeba / Jacob, Sindhu / Devarajan, Sriraman / Eaaswarkhanth, Muthukrishnan / Al-Mulla, Fahd

Microorganisms. 2021 June 04, v. 9, no. 6

2021

Abstract: The potential role of the salivary microbiome in human diseases has increasingly been explored. The salivary microbiome has been characterized in several global populations, except the Arabian Gulf region. Hence, in this pilot study, we profiled the ... ...

Abstract	The potential role of the salivary microbiome in human diseases has increasingly been explored. The salivary microbiome has been characterized in several global populations, except the Arabian Gulf region. Hence, in this pilot study, we profiled the salivary microbiome of Kuwaiti adolescents with varied body mass indexes (BMI). The analyses of core microbiome composition showed Firmicutes, Bacteroidota, Proteobacteria, Patescibacteria, Fusobacteriota, Actinobacteriota, and Campylobacterota as the common phylum found in the Kuwaiti adolescent population. We also illustrated a diverse microbial community among the sampled individuals grouped according to their BMI. Notably, the overweight group was found with a higher number of distinct taxa than other groups. As such, the core microbiome composition was found to be significantly different (p-value < 0.001) across different BMI groups. Overall, this pilot investigation outlined the microbial diversity and suggested that changes in salivary microbiome composition in people with obese or overweight BMI might reflect their susceptibility to oral diseases.
Keywords	Firmicutes ; Proteobacteria ; adolescents ; humans ; microbial communities ; microbiome ; overweight ; Persian Gulf
Language	English
Dates of publication	2021-0604
Publishing place	Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2720891-6
ISSN	2076-2607
ISSN	2076-2607
DOI	10.3390/microorganisms9061222
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Genome-Wide Selection Scan in an Arabian Peninsula Population Identifies a TNKS Haplotype Linked to Metabolic Traits and Hypertension.

Eaaswarkhanth, Muthukrishnan / Dos Santos, Andre Luiz Campelo / Gokcumen, Omer / Al-Mulla, Fahd / Thanaraj, Thangavel Alphonse

Genome biology and evolution

2020 Volume 12, Issue 3, Page(s) 77–87

Abstract: Despite the extreme and varying environmental conditions prevalent in the Arabian Peninsula, it has experienced several waves of human migrations following the out-of-Africa diaspora. Eventually, the inhabitants of the peninsula region adapted to the hot ...

Abstract	Despite the extreme and varying environmental conditions prevalent in the Arabian Peninsula, it has experienced several waves of human migrations following the out-of-Africa diaspora. Eventually, the inhabitants of the peninsula region adapted to the hot and dry environment. The adaptation and natural selection that shaped the extant human populations of the Arabian Peninsula region have been scarcely studied. In an attempt to explore natural selection in the region, we analyzed 662,750 variants in 583 Kuwaiti individuals. We searched for regions in the genome that display signatures of positive selection in the Kuwaiti population using an integrative approach in a conservative manner. We highlight a haplotype overlapping TNKS that showed strong signals of positive selection based on the results of the multiple selection tests conducted (integrated Haplotype Score, Cross Population Extended Haplotype Homozygosity, Population Branch Statistics, and log-likelihood ratio scores). Notably, the TNKS haplotype under selection potentially conferred a fitness advantage to the Kuwaiti ancestors for surviving in the harsh environment while posing a major health risk to present-day Kuwaitis.
MeSH term(s)	Asthma/genetics ; Genome, Human ; Genomics ; Haplotypes ; Humans ; Hypertension/genetics ; Kuwait ; Metabolism/genetics ; Obesity/genetics ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Principal Component Analysis ; Selection, Genetic ; Tankyrases/genetics
Chemical Substances	Tankyrases (EC 2.4.2.30) ; TNKS protein, human (EC 2.4.4.30)
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-02-18
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2495328-3
ISSN	1759-6653 ; 1759-6653
ISSN (online)	1759-6653
ISSN	1759-6653
DOI	10.1093/gbe/evaa033
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Mitochondrial haplogroup J associated with higher risk of obesity in the Qatari population.

Dashti, Mohammed / Alsaleh, Hussain / Rodriguez-Flores, Juan L / Eaaswarkhanth, Muthukrishnan / Al-Mulla, Fahd / Thanaraj, Thangavel Alphonse

Scientific reports

2021 Volume 11, Issue 1, Page(s) 1091

Abstract: Obesity, a major risk factor for metabolic disorders, is highly prevalent in Qatari population. Maternal transmission of obesity traits can be significant; for example, X haplogroup is known to be associated with lower BMI and body fat mass in Northern ... ...

Abstract	Obesity, a major risk factor for metabolic disorders, is highly prevalent in Qatari population. Maternal transmission of obesity traits can be significant; for example, X haplogroup is known to be associated with lower BMI and body fat mass in Northern Europeans and T haplogroup which is a sister haplogroup of J is known to be associated with obesity in Caucasian subjects from Austria and Southern Italy. We aimed to delineate the mitochondrial haplogroups and variants associated with obesity in Qatari population. Mitochondrial genomes of 864 Qatari individuals were extracted from whole exome sequencing data with an average coverage of 77X. We distributed the participants into 2 sub-cohorts: obese (BMI ≥ 30) and non-obese (BMI < 30); the mean value of BMI from these two groups were 36.5 ± 5.7 and 26.5 ± 2.6, respectively. Mitochondrial haplogroup profiling followed by uni- and multivariant association tests adjusted for covariates were performed. Qatari individuals with mitochondrial haplogroup J had an increased (twofold) risk of obesity (odds ratio [OR] 1.925; 95% CI 1.234-3.002; P = 0.0038; the Bonferroni adjusted P value threshold is 0.0041), whereas the individuals with haplogroup X were at low risk of obesity (OR 0.387; 95% CI 0.175-0.857; P = 0.019). Further, a set of 38 mitochondrial variants were found to be associated (at P ≤ 0.05) with obesity in models adjusted for age, sex and haplogroup.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group/genetics ; DNA, Mitochondrial/genetics ; European Continental Ancestry Group/genetics ; Female ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Genome, Mitochondrial ; Haplotypes ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mitochondria/genetics ; Obesity/epidemiology ; Obesity/genetics ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Qatar/epidemiology
Chemical Substances	DNA, Mitochondrial
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-01-13
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2615211-3
ISSN	2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
ISSN (online)	2045-2322
ISSN	2045-2322
DOI	10.1038/s41598-020-80040-7
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Salivary Microbiome Diversity in Kuwaiti Adolescents with Varied Body Mass Index-A Pilot Study.

Alqaderi, Hend / Ramakodi, Meganathan P / Nizam, Rasheeba / Jacob, Sindhu / Devarajan, Sriraman / Eaaswarkhanth, Muthukrishnan / Al-Mulla, Fahd

Microorganisms

2021 Volume 9, Issue 6

Abstract	The potential role of the salivary microbiome in human diseases has increasingly been explored. The salivary microbiome has been characterized in several global populations, except the Arabian Gulf region. Hence, in this pilot study, we profiled the salivary microbiome of Kuwaiti adolescents with varied body mass indexes (BMI). The analyses of core microbiome composition showed
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-06-04
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2720891-6
ISSN	2076-2607
ISSN	2076-2607
DOI	10.3390/microorganisms9061222
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Unraveling a fine-scale high genetic heterogeneity and recent continental connections of an Arabian Peninsula population.

Eaaswarkhanth, Muthukrishnan / Pathak, Ajai K / Ongaro, Linda / Montinaro, Francesco / Hebbar, Prashantha / Alsmadi, Osama / Metspalu, Mait / Al-Mulla, Fahd / Thanaraj, Thangavel Alphonse

European journal of human genetics : EJHG

2021 Volume 30, Issue 3, Page(s) 307–319

Abstract: Recent studies have showed the diverse genetic architecture of the highly consanguineous populations inhabiting the Arabian Peninsula. Consanguinity coupled with heterogeneity is complex and makes it difficult to understand the bases of population- ... ...

Abstract	Recent studies have showed the diverse genetic architecture of the highly consanguineous populations inhabiting the Arabian Peninsula. Consanguinity coupled with heterogeneity is complex and makes it difficult to understand the bases of population-specific genetic diseases in the region. Therefore, comprehensive genetic characterization of the populations at the finest scale is warranted. Here, we revisit the genetic structure of the Kuwait population by analyzing genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphisms data from 583 Kuwaiti individuals sorted into three subgroups. We envisage a diverse demographic genetic history among the three subgroups based on drift and allelic sharing with modern and ancient individuals. Furthermore, our comprehensive haplotype-based analyses disclose a high genetic heterogeneity among the Kuwaiti populations. We infer the major sources of ancestry within the newly defined groups; one with an obvious predominance of sub-Saharan/Western Africa mostly comprising Kuwait-B individuals, and other with West Eurasia including Kuwait-P and Kuwait-S individuals. Overall, our results recapitulate the historical population movements and reaffirm the genetic imprints of the legacy of continental trading in the region. Such deciphering of fine-scale population structure and their regional genetic heterogeneity would provide clues to the uncharted areas of disease-gene discovery and related associations in populations inhabiting the Arabian Peninsula.
MeSH term(s)	Consanguinity ; Genetic Heterogeneity ; Genetic Variation ; Genetics, Population ; Haplotypes ; Humans ; Kuwait ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-03-22
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1141470-4
ISSN	1476-5438 ; 1018-4813
ISSN (online)	1476-5438
ISSN	1018-4813
DOI	10.1038/s41431-021-00861-6
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Uncovering the genetic architecture and evolutionary roots of androgenetic alopecia in African men.

Janivara, Rohini / Hazra, Ujani / Pfennig, Aaron / Harlemon, Maxine / Kim, Michelle S / Eaaswarkhanth, Muthukrishnan / Chen, Wenlong C / Ogunbiyi, Adebola / Kachambwa, Paidamoyo / Petersen, Lindsay N / Jalloh, Mohamed / Mensah, James E / Adjei, Andrew A / Adusei, Ben / Joffe, Maureen / Gueye, Serigne M / Aisuodionoe-Shadrach, Oseremen I / Fernandez, Pedro W / Rohan, Thomas E /

Andrews, Caroline / Rebbeck, Timothy R / Adebiyi, Akindele O / Agalliu, Ilir / Lachance, Joseph

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology

2024

Abstract: Androgenetic alopecia is a highly heritable trait. However, much of our understanding about the genetics of male pattern baldness comes from individuals of European descent. Here, we examined a novel dataset comprising 2,136 men from Ghana, Nigeria, ... ...

Abstract	Androgenetic alopecia is a highly heritable trait. However, much of our understanding about the genetics of male pattern baldness comes from individuals of European descent. Here, we examined a novel dataset comprising 2,136 men from Ghana, Nigeria, Senegal, and South Africa that were genotyped using a custom array. We first tested how genetic predictions of baldness generalize from Europe to Africa, finding that polygenic scores from European GWAS yielded AUC statistics that ranged from 0.513 to 0.546, indicating that genetic predictions of baldness in African populations performed notably worse than in European populations. Subsequently, we conducted the first African GWAS of androgenetic alopecia, focusing on self-reported baldness patterns at age 45. After correcting for present age, population structure, and study site, we identified 266 moderately significant associations, 51 of which were independent (p-value < 10
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-15
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Preprint
DOI	10.1101/2024.01.12.575396
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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