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Article ; Online: Sugarcane regrowth is dependent on root system size

Maria Dolores Pissolato / Larissa Prado da Cruz / Neidiquele Maria Silveira / Eduardo Caruso Machado / Rafael Vasconcelos Ribeiro

Bragantia, Vol

an approach using young plants grown in nutrient solution

2021 Volume 80

Abstract: ABSTRACT The root system is essential for sugarcane regrowth and the vigor of ratoon cycles as it represents the unique source of carbon skeletons and energy for the initial plant development. However, root system dynamics after shoot harvesting and its ... ...

Abstract	ABSTRACT The root system is essential for sugarcane regrowth and the vigor of ratoon cycles as it represents the unique source of carbon skeletons and energy for the initial plant development. However, root system dynamics after shoot harvesting and its role in sugarcane regrowth remains poorly known. Here, it was hypothesized that sugarcane plants with small volume of root system will accumulate less biomass after shoot harvesting than plants with larger volume and that such regrowth is dependent on root reserves. In sugarcane plants grown in nutrient solution, shoots were cut, and two root treatments were established: reference plants with the entire root system (100%); and plants with half of the root system (50%), randomly removing half of root system. After 37 days of shoot harvesting, plants with the entire root system showed higher shoot, root and total dry mass, root length, root diameter, root area and root volume, when compared with those with 50% of the root system. Sugarcane plants with the entire root system had higher root content of starch, soluble sugar and nonstructural carbohydrates as compared to plants with 50% of the root system. A significant positive correlation was found between the variation of shoot dry mass and the variation of root nonstructural carbohydrates. Interestingly, this data revealed a disproportionate effect of root system size on sugarcane regrowth, with plants with the entire root system accumulating almost three times more biomass than plants with half of the root system during regrowth.
Keywords	biomass ; carbohydrates ; harvesting ; ratoon ; Saccharum spp ; Agriculture (General) ; S1-972
Subject code	580
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-08-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Instituto Agronômico de Campinas
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: Photosynthesis and water relations of peach palms (Bactris gasipaes Kunth) under soil water deficit

Tucci, MariaLuiza Sant’Anna / Eduardo Caruso Machado / Norma de Magalhães Erismann / Valéria Aparecida Modolo

Theoretical and Experimental Plant Physiology. 2018 Mar., v. 30, no. 1

2018

Abstract: The Amazonian peach palm is presently the main species of heart-of- palm producer in many Brazilian regions. Here we evaluated the effects of soil water deficit and rewatering on leaf water potential (ψleaf), gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence ... ...

Abstract	The Amazonian peach palm is presently the main species of heart-of- palm producer in many Brazilian regions. Here we evaluated the effects of soil water deficit and rewatering on leaf water potential (ψleaf), gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence emission in peach palms. Plants were grown in 80 L-plastic pots under greenhouse conditions. Water deficit was imposed by water withdrawing for 13 days, when irrigation was re-established for 8 days more. ψleaf was measured at 5:30 a.m. and 1:30 p.m. Gas exchange measurements were performed at 8:00 a.m. and at 2:00 p.m., after chlorophyll a fluorescence evaluations. The minimum ψleaf value observed at predawn was − 1.6 MPa, when net CO2 assimilation (PN) was zero on the 13th day of water deficit, thus showing mesophytes characteristics. The sharp PN decrease of 94%, 6 days after the beginning of treatments, demonstrated the drastic effect of the soil water deficit. After rewatering, a rapid recuperation of ψleaf was observed, whereas PN, transpiration rate (E) and stomatal conductance (gs) recovered more slowly, reaching values exhibited by the control plants only 7 days after rewatering. The lower maximal quantum yield of photosystem II (PSII) (FV/FM) values in the midday for plants under water deficit indicated dynamic photoinhibition of PS II to excessive PPFD. These results suggest a drought tolerance of peach palm plants, showing stomatal control of water losses and PN limitation, whereas the photosynthetic apparatus was maintained by photoprotection processes.
Keywords	Bactris gasipaes ; carbon dioxide ; chlorophyll ; drought tolerance ; fluorescence ; gas exchange ; greenhouse production ; irrigation ; leaf water potential ; photoinhibition ; photostability ; photosystem II ; soil water ; soil water deficit ; stomatal conductance
Language	English
Dates of publication	2018-03
Size	p. 29-39.
Publishing place	Springer International Publishing
Document type	Article
ISSN	2197-0025
DOI	10.1007/s40626-018-0099-0
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Hydraulic redistribution in Citrus rootstocks under drought

Miranda, Marcela Trevenzoli / Adriana Hissae Hayashi / Barbara Baêsso Moura / Eduardo Caruso Machado / Rafael Vasconcelos Ribeiro / Simone Ferreira da Silva

Theoretical and Experimental Plant Physiology. 2018 Sept., v. 30, no. 3

2018

Abstract: Hydraulic redistribution could contribute significantly to plant water balance under limiting conditions, reducing plant sensitivity to drought. We hypothesized that citrus species are able to redistribute water under drought, transporting water from a ... ...

Abstract	Hydraulic redistribution could contribute significantly to plant water balance under limiting conditions, reducing plant sensitivity to drought. We hypothesized that citrus species are able to redistribute water under drought, transporting water from a wet to a dry portion of root system. Using an unusual experimental design, ‘Rangpur’ lime and ‘Swingle’ citrumelo rootstocks were inarched into Valencia sweet orange trunk and subjected to water withholding. In a split root system, each plant was composed by two rootstocks, isolated from each other. During water deficit, only one rootstock faced low water availability while the other remained well watered. Sap flow, leaf water potential and soil moisture were monitored for 42 days. We found reserve sap flow in both rootstocks, with water being transported from the irrigated rootstock to the non-irrigated one. Nocturnal sap flow of well-watered rootstocks revealed that water redistribution continued at night, with ‘Rangpur’ lime showing higher hydraulic redistribution than ‘Swingle’ citrumelo. The ability of Citrus roots to redistribute water is genotype-dependent and may be an important physiological mechanism associated with drought tolerance in Citrus rootstocks.
Keywords	Citrus ; drought ; drought tolerance ; experimental design ; irrigation ; leaf water potential ; oranges ; root systems ; roots ; rootstocks ; sap flow ; soil water
Language	English
Dates of publication	2018-09
Size	p. 165-172.
Publishing place	Springer International Publishing
Document type	Article
ISSN	2197-0025
DOI	10.1007/s40626-018-0111-8
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Fluoride Exposure Compromises Gas Exchange of Plants

Geisa Lima Mesquita / Eduardo Caruso Machado / Ricardo Machado / Heitor Cantarella / Dirceu Mattos Jr.

American Journal of Plant Sciences , Vol 04, Iss 12, Pp 16-

2013 Volume 20

Abstract: Fluorine (F - ) stands out for its phytotoxic potential, because it accumulates in plants, changes enzymes activity, reduces chlorophyll content and, consequently, affects growth and yield of crop plants. An experiment was conducted to evaluate the ... ...

Abstract	Fluorine (F - ) stands out for its phytotoxic potential, because it accumulates in plants, changes enzymes activity, reduces chlorophyll content and, consequently, affects growth and yield of crop plants. An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of F - on leaf gas exchange in coffee and sweet orange plants, compared to sensitive (gladiolus) and tolerant (ryegrass) reference species. Plants grown in pots were exposed to F - in a semi-open mist chamber. The experimental design was completely randomized with treatments defined by the combination of plant species and two intensities of exposure to atmospheric F, with nebulization of HF solutions (low = 0.065 mmol · m -3 and high = 0.260 mmol · m -3 ) in a mist chamber, as well as with non-exposed control samples. CO 2 assimilation ( A ), transpiration ( E ), stomatal conductance ( g s ) and chlorophyll fluorescence rates were measured after 27 days of treatment application. The leaf gas exchange variables in ryegrass and orange plants did not vary in response to the increase in atmospheric F, while an increase in g s and E values was observed in gladiolus and coffee plants. A decrease in A and potential quantum efficiency of photosystem II (F v / F m ) was found for gladiolus plants. On the contrary, an increase of A for coffee plants was associated with the apparent effect previously reported about the loss of leaf stomatal regulation related to the short assessment period of plants in this experiment. Damages caused to the photosynthetic system were reflected in the susceptibility of the evaluated species to the contamination by the element. <?xml:namespace prefix = o />
Keywords	Fluoride Pollution ; Gas Exchange ; Citrus ; Coffee ; Bioindicator Species ; Plant culture ; SB1-1110 ; Agriculture ; S ; DOAJ:Plant Sciences ; DOAJ:Agriculture and Food Sciences
Language	English
Publishing date	2013-12-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Scientific Research Publishing
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Can the critical temperature for photochemical damage in common bean plants be changed after a drought event?

Rafael Vasconcelos Ribeiro / Mauro Guida dos Santos / Carlos Pimentel / Eduardo Caruso Machado / Ricardo Ferraz de Oliveira

Bragantia, Vol 74, Iss 4, Pp 374-

2015 Volume 378

Abstract: Low water availability and high temperatures occur under field conditions and we hypothesize that the critical temperature for photochemical damage (TC) in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) plants is increased by the occurrence of previous water ... ...

Abstract	Low water availability and high temperatures occur under field conditions and we hypothesize that the critical temperature for photochemical damage (TC) in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) plants is increased by the occurrence of previous water deficit in a genotype-dependent manner. Five common bean cultivars A320, A222, Carioca, BAT477 and Ouro Negro were evaluated. Thirty days after seedlings emergence, one group of plants was exposed to water deficit for ten days and rehydrated and another one was maintained well hydrated during the experimental period. The minimum chlorophyll fluorescence (FO) was monitored in leaf discs exposed to temperatures ranging from 25 to 45 oC and the TC values estimated. The previous water deficit did not affect TC, which varied between 38.8 and 43.8 oC when considering all cultivars and water regimes. Under well-watered conditions, BAT477 (41.9 oC) and Carioca (43.8 oC) presented higher TCthan Ouro Negro (38.8 oC). Our findings indicate a significant genotypic variation in thermal tolerance in Phaseolus vulgaris, an important crop trait to be considered in breeding programs.
Keywords	chlorophyll fluorescence ; hardening ; heat stress ; Phaseolus vulgaris ; tolerance ; Agriculture (General) ; S1-972
Subject code	580
Language	English
Publishing date	2015-08-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Instituto Agronômico de Campinas
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Can the critical temperature for photochemical damage in common bean plants be changed after a drought event?

Rafael Vasconcelos Ribeiro / Mauro Guida dos Santos / Carlos Pimentel / Eduardo Caruso Machado / Ricardo Ferraz de Oliveira

Bragantia, Vol 74, Iss 4, Pp 374-

2015 Volume 378

Abstract	Low water availability and high temperatures occur under field conditions and we hypothesize that the critical temperature for photochemical damage (TC) in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) plants is increased by the occurrence of previous water deficit in a genotype-dependent manner. Five common bean cultivars A320, A222, Carioca, BAT477 and Ouro Negro were evaluated. Thirty days after seedlings emergence, one group of plants was exposed to water deficit for ten days and rehydrated and another one was maintained well hydrated during the experimental period. The minimum chlorophyll fluorescence (FO) was monitored in leaf discs exposed to temperatures ranging from 25 to 45 oC and the TC values estimated. The previous water deficit did not affect TC, which varied between 38.8 and 43.8 oC when considering all cultivars and water regimes. Under well-watered conditions, BAT477 (41.9 oC) and Carioca (43.8 oC) presented higher TCthan Ouro Negro (38.8 oC). Our findings indicate a significant genotypic variation in thermal tolerance in Phaseolus vulgaris, an important crop trait to be considered in breeding programs.
Keywords	chlorophyll fluorescence ; hardening ; heat stress ; Phaseolus vulgaris ; tolerance ; Agriculture (General) ; S1-972
Subject code	580
Language	English
Publishing date	2015-08-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Instituto Agronômico de Campinas
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Ocorrência de condições ambientais para a indução do florescimento de laranjeiras no Estado de São Paulo Occurrence of environmental conditions for flowering induction of sweet orange plants in the State of São Paulo

Rafael Vasconcelos Ribeiro / Eduardo Caruso Machado / Orivaldo Brunini

Revista Brasileira de Fruticultura, Vol 28, Iss 2, Pp 247-

2006 Volume 253

Abstract: O presente estudo objetivou avaliar a ocorrência de condições ambientais propícias para a indução do florescimento de laranjeiras no Estado de São Paulo, considerando como fatores de indução a baixa temperatura, dada pelo número de horas de frio abaixo ... ...

Abstract	O presente estudo objetivou avaliar a ocorrência de condições ambientais propícias para a indução do florescimento de laranjeiras no Estado de São Paulo, considerando como fatores de indução a baixa temperatura, dada pelo número de horas de frio abaixo de 13ºC (NHF), e a deficiência hídrica acumulada nos meses de junho, julho e agosto (DEF I), dada pelo balanço hídrico climatológico. Os cálculos e as estimativas foram realizados a partir dos dados de temperatura máxima e mínima diária e precipitação diária dos últimos 5 a 14 anos, dependendo da localidade. Foram consideradas áreas representativas das principais regiões produtoras de citros, onde os plantios estão em expansão ou áreas com potencial para exploração citrícola, sendo: Barretos, Bauru, Botucatu, Catanduva, Itapetininga, Itapeva, Jaboticabal, Jaú, Limeira, Lins, Matão, Mococa, Ourinhos, Piracicaba, São José do Rio Preto e Votuporanga. Com exceção de Botucatu, Itapetininga, Itapeva e Ourinhos, onde a indução do florescimento ocorre por baixa temperatura, a deficiência hídrica é o principal fator de indução nas demais regiões. Já nas regiões de Jaú, Limeira e Piracicaba, a indução do florescimento é ocasionada pelos dois fatores. A influência de NHF na indução do florescimento é mais variável se comparada à DEF I. Em 1996, 2000 e 2004, NHF foi superior a 300 h na maioria das localidades estudadas, mesmo em áreas onde a baixa temperatura não é comum, ex. Barretos, S. J. Rio Preto e Votuporanga. Em relação à deficiência hídrica, a maioria das localidades apresentou esse tipo de influência ambiental no período analisado, sendo as menores ocorrências observadas em Itapeva e Itapetininga (54,5 e 72,7% dos anos, respectivamente). Situação atípica ocorreu em 2004, quando a deficiência hídrica variou de fraca (10<DEF I<30 mm) a moderada (31<DEF I<69 mm) na maioria das localidades. Concluindo, a deficiência hídrica é a principal variável ambiental durante o período de indução do florescimento de laranjeiras na região centro-norte do Estado de São Paulo, enquanto a baixa temperatura é predominante na região centro-sul do Estado, havendo influência desses dois fatores ambientais na região central. This paper aimed to evaluate the occurrence of favorable environmental conditions for induction of sweet orange flowering in the State of São Paulo, considering as induction factors the low temperature, given by the number of chilling hours below 13ºC (NCH), and the water deficiency accumulated during June, July and August (DEF W), given by the climatologic water balance. Calculations and estimatives were done using the maximum and minimum daily air temperature, as well as the daily rainfall recorded in the last 5 to 14 years, according to the local. There were considered areas in important regions of citrus production, where plantings are in expansion or in potential areas for citriculture, being: Barretos, Bauru, Botucatu, Catanduva, Itapetininga, Itapeva, Jaboticabal, Jaú, Limeira, Lins, Matão, Mococa, Ourinhos, Piracicaba, São José do Rio Preto and Votuporanga. Excepting Botucatu, Itapetininga, Itapeva and Ourinhos, where the flowering induction is triggered by low temperature, water deficiency is the principal factor for induction in other locals. At Jaú, Limeira and Piracicaba the flower induction is caused by both factors. The influence of NCH on flowering induction is more variable when compared to DEF W. In 1996, 2000 and 2004, NCH was higher than 300 h in most of evaluated locals, even in areas where low temperature is uncommon, e.g. Barretos, S. J. Rio Preto and Votuporanga. In relation to the water deficiency, most of the regions showed this kind of environmental influence during the evaluated period, being lower occurrences observed in Itapeva and Itapetininga (54.5 and 72.7% of years, respectively). Unusual situation occurred in 2004, when water deficiency varied from weak (10<DEF W<30 mm) to moderate (31<DEF W<69 mm) in most of the locals. Concluding that DEF W is the main environmental variable during the period of flowering induction in sweet orange plants in the Central-North region of the State of São Paulo, while NCH is predominant in the Central-South region of the State, having influence of both environmental factors in the Central region.<br />
Keywords	Citrus ; ecofisiologia ; frio ; seca ; cold ; drought ; ecophysiology ; Plant culture ; SB1-1110 ; Agriculture ; S ; DOAJ:Plant Sciences ; DOAJ:Agriculture and Food Sciences
Language	Portuguese
Publishing date	2006-08-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Sociedade Brasileira de Fruticultura
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Fotossíntese e acúmulo de solutos em feijoeiro caupi submetido à salinidade

Rogéria Pereira Souza / Eduardo Caruso Machado / Joaquim Albenísio Gomes Silveira / Rafael Vasconcelos Ribeiro

Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira, Vol 46, Iss 6, Pp 587-

2011 Volume 592

Abstract: O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar as respostas fotossintéticas e a acumulação de carboidratos, íons salinos e prolina em feijoeiro caupi (Vigna unguiculata) submetido à salinidade. As plantas foram submetidas à quatro tratamentos, dos 28 aos 35 ... ...

Abstract	O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar as respostas fotossintéticas e a acumulação de carboidratos, íons salinos e prolina em feijoeiro caupi (Vigna unguiculata) submetido à salinidade. As plantas foram submetidas à quatro tratamentos, dos 28 aos 35 dias de idade: 0, 50, 100 e 200 mmol L-1 de NaCl. Avaliaramse as trocas gasosas, a emissão de fluorescência pela clorofila a, o potencial hídrico foliar, e as concentrações de carboidratos, Na+, Cl- e prolina nas folhas. Os tratamentos não tiveram efeito sobre a eficiência quântica potencial do fotossistema II, mas causaram leve diminuição na eficiência quântica efetiva e maior dissipação do excesso de energia de excitação por processos não fotoquímicos. As concentrações foliares de amido diminuíram, e as de sacarose e prolina aumentaram nas maiores concentrações de NaCl. Ocorreu exclusão do Na+ e acúmulo do Cl- nas folhas, e as relações hídricas das folhas foram pouco afetadas, exceto no tratamento mais severo. O acúmulo de Cl- esteve envolvido na redução da assimilação de CO2, decorrente da queda na condutância estomática e na eficiência de carboxilação da Rubisco. O feijoeiro caupi apresenta características fisiológicas que favorecem a manutenção da atividade fotossintética sob curta exposição à salinidade.
Keywords	Vigna unguiculata ; condutância estomática ; eficiência de carboxilação ; fluorescência da clorofila ; prolina ; trocas gasosas ; Agriculture (General) ; S1-972
Language	English
Publishing date	2011-06-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Embrapa Informação Tecnológica
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: Anatomical and physiological bases of sugarcane tolerance to manganese toxicity

Zambrosi, Fernando C. Bachiega / Eduardo Caruso Machado / Francisco A. Ossamu Tanaka / Geisa Lima Mesquita / Paulo E. Ribeiro Marchiori / Rafael Vasconcelos Ribeiro

Environmental and experimental botany. 2016 Dec., v. 132

2016

Abstract: Sugarcane is generally cultivated in low fertility acid soils that are prone to the occurrence of manganese (Mn) toxicity. However, the use of genotypes more tolerant to such limiting condition could enhance plant performance in poor soils. Therefore, ... ...

Abstract	Sugarcane is generally cultivated in low fertility acid soils that are prone to the occurrence of manganese (Mn) toxicity. However, the use of genotypes more tolerant to such limiting condition could enhance plant performance in poor soils. Therefore, the aims of this study were to add insights into the mechanisms driving sugarcane adaptation to Mn stress by testing the hypothesis that genotypes with higher tolerance maintain improved ultrastructure of leaf cell organelles (i.e., chloroplast and nucleus) and photosynthetic capacity under high Mn concentrations. Accordingly, six sugarcane varieties were grown in sand and fertigated with two Mn concentrations (control=10μM; and toxicity=500μM). After growing for 110days under both conditions, the plants were harvested to estimate dry mass production and tissue Mn concentrations. Leaf gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence were assessed in mature leaves that were further evaluated for antioxidant metabolism and cell organelle ultrastructure. Sugarcane varieties exhibited differential tolerance to Mn stress, and based on the relative total dry mass production of plants growing under Mn toxicity versus the control, tolerant (mean relative growth of 98%) and sensitive (mean relative growth of 71%) genotypes could be identified. Our results suggested that the different capabilities of these varieties in sustaining photoassimilate supply for biomass production under Mn stress were explained by leaf area formation rather than photosynthetic rate per unit of leaf area as tolerant varieties presented reduction in photosynthesis. Moreover, as revealed by the transmission electronic microscopy analysis, tolerant varieties were able to sustain greater integrity in the nucleus of the mesophyll cells under Mn stress than sensitive varieties, improving leaf growth and canopy development. Taken together, our results revealed the mechanisms underlying sugarcane tolerance to Mn toxicity, contributing to the identification of strategies aimed at developing genotypes better adapted to low fertility acid soils, with subsequent positive effects on crop yield stability.
Keywords	acid soils ; antioxidants ; biomass production ; canopy ; chlorophyll ; chloroplasts ; crop yield ; fertigation ; fluorescence ; gas exchange ; genotype ; leaf area ; leaves ; manganese ; mesophyll ; photosynthesis ; sand ; sugarcane ; toxicity ; transmission electron microscopy ; ultrastructure
Language	English
Dates of publication	2016-12
Size	p. 100-112.
Publishing place	Elsevier B.V.
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	195968-2
ISSN	0098-8472
ISSN	0098-8472
DOI	10.1016/j.envexpbot.2016.08.011
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Traits Driving Tolerance to Atmospheric Fluoride Pollution in Tree Crops

Mesquita, Geisa Lima / Dirceu Mattos Jr / Eduardo Caruso Machado / Fernando C. Bachiega Zambrosi / Francisco A. Ossamo Tanaka / Heitor Cantarella

Water, air, and soil pollution. 2016 Nov., v. 227, no. 11

2016

Abstract: Increased emissions of fluoride into the atmosphere contribute to reducing the sustainability of agricultural systems worldwide. In order to improve the understanding of the factors behind such phenomenon, varieties of citrus (Citrus spp.), Valencia ... ...

Abstract	Increased emissions of fluoride into the atmosphere contribute to reducing the sustainability of agricultural systems worldwide. In order to improve the understanding of the factors behind such phenomenon, varieties of citrus (Citrus spp.), Valencia sweet-orange, Ponkan mandarin, and Lisbon lemon and coffee (Coffea spp.), ObatÃ£, Catuai, and ApoatÃ£, were treated with fluoride nebulization. The trees were exposed to nebulization for 60Â min inside a chamber by using medium (0.04Â molÂ Lâ»Â¹) and high (0.16Â molÂ Lâ»Â¹) doses of fluoridic acid (HF) during three nonconsecutive days in a single week, for a total of 26Â days of exposure during the experiment. Sixty days after beginning nebulization, we evaluated leaf gas exchange, (ultra)structural organization, tree growth, and fluoride and nutrient concentrations in plant tissue. Photosynthesis and leaf dry mass of citrus and coffee varieties were affected differently by fluoride toxicity, and based on the tolerance index (relative leaf dry mass of control versus leaf dry mass of trees treated with 0.16Â molÂ Lâ»Â¹ HF), the order of sensitivity for the varieties of each species was as follows: for citrus, lemon > mandarin > sweet-orange; and for coffee, ApoatÃ£ > CatuaÃ > ObatÃ£. The ability of the trees to control fluoride absorption most likely explained this contrast in sensitivity among varieties because both photosynthesis and leaf growth were negatively correlated with leaf fluoride concentration. Although disorganization of the thylakoids, degeneration of vascular cells, and disruption of the middle lamella occurred in leaves of all varieties exposed to fluoride, the more severe damage was observed in those with greater sensitivity to the pollutant (i.e., lemon and ApoatÃ£ coffee). Taken together, these results provided insights into the factors that explain poor performance of citrus and coffee trees under fluoride pollution and also revealed the traits driving the tolerance of these crops such a limiting condition, which included a combination of the following: (i) reduced fluoride absorption, (ii) increased photosynthesis, and (iii) improved maintenance of the ultrastructural organization of leaves.
Keywords	absorption ; air pollution ; atomization ; Citrus ; Coffea ; crops ; emissions ; fluorides ; gas exchange ; leaves ; lemons ; mandarins ; nutrient content ; photosynthesis ; plant tissues ; pollutants ; sustainable agriculture ; thylakoids ; toxicity ; tree growth ; trees
Language	English
Dates of publication	2016-11
Size	p. 420.
Publishing place	Springer International Publishing
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	120499-3
ISSN	1573-2932 ; 0049-6979 ; 0043-1168
ISSN (online)	1573-2932
ISSN	0049-6979 ; 0043-1168
DOI	10.1007/s11270-016-3115-5
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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