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Article ; Online: Creativity, leisure activities, social engagement and cognitive impairment: the AGES-Reykjavík study.

Hansdottir, Helga / Jonsdottir, María K / Fisher, Diana E / Eiriksdottir, Gudny / Jonsson, Palmi V / Gudnason, Vilmundur

Aging clinical and experimental research

2022 Volume 34, Issue 5, Page(s) 1027–1035

Abstract: Background: Participation in leisure activities and extensive social network have been associated with lower risk of cognitive impairment (CI) and dementia.: Aims: We examined whether leisure activities (cognitive solitary, cognitive group, social, ... ...

Abstract	Background: Participation in leisure activities and extensive social network have been associated with lower risk of cognitive impairment (CI) and dementia. Aims: We examined whether leisure activities (cognitive solitary, cognitive group, social, physical, or creative activities) and social involvement are associated with less incidence of CI or dementia. Methods: Analyses were performed from data of 2933 cognitively intact individuals at baseline included in the AGES-REYKJAVIK study. Odds ratios (OR) were calculated for incident CI and dementia in relation to cognitive individual, cognitive group, social, physical, and creative leisure activities as well as social networks. Models were adjusted for a number of known risk factors for cognitive decline. Results: In 5 years, 12% of the cohort were diagnosed with CI or dementia. All leisure activities were associated with reduced likelihood of cognitive decline in the raw model, but in adjusted models, cognitive solitary [OR 0.49 (Confidence Interval (CI) 0.38-0.64)], cognitive group [OR 0.50 (CI 0.30-0.82)], and creative activities [OR 0.53 (CI 0.35-0.83)] were significantly associated with less cognitive decline. Analyses examining creative leisure activities independently, controlling for all other activities, suggested individuals participating in creative activities exhibited less CI [OR 0.64 (CI 0.41-0.98)]. Among social networks variables, frequency of meeting with friends and relatives was associated with reduced likelihood of CI [OR 0.49 (CI 0.31-0.75)]. Discussion: Cognitive and creative leisure activities and frequent gatherings with friends and relatives are associated with reduced incidence of CI in this older cohort. Conclusion: Creative leisure activities might have special benefit for cognitive ability.
MeSH term(s)	Cognitive Dysfunction/complications ; Cognitive Dysfunction/epidemiology ; Dementia/diagnosis ; Humans ; Leisure Activities/psychology ; Risk Factors ; Social Participation
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-25
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2104785-6
ISSN	1720-8319 ; 1594-0667
ISSN (online)	1720-8319
ISSN	1594-0667
DOI	10.1007/s40520-021-02036-1
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Zs.A 3343: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Hyperuricemia is associated with intermittent hand joint pain in a cross sectional study of elderly females: The AGES-Reykjavik Study.

Jonsson, Helgi / Aspelund, Thor / Eiriksdottir, Gudny / Harris, Tamara B / Launer, Lenore J / Gudnason, Vilmundur

PloS one

2019 Volume 14, Issue 8, Page(s) e0221474

Abstract: Background: The debate whether "asymptomatic hyperuricemia" should be treated is still ongoing. The objective of this cross-sectional study was to analyze whether hyperuricema in the elderly is associated with joint pain.: Methods and findings: ... ...

Abstract	Background: The debate whether "asymptomatic hyperuricemia" should be treated is still ongoing. The objective of this cross-sectional study was to analyze whether hyperuricema in the elderly is associated with joint pain. Methods and findings: Participants in the population-based AGES-Reykjavik Study (males 2195, females 2975, mean age 76(6)) answered standardized questions about joint pain. In addition they recorded intermittent hand joint pain by marking a diagram of the hand. In males, no association was found between hyperuricemia and pain. Females however, showed a positive association between hyperuricemia and joint pain at many sites. After adjustment for age, BMI and hand osteoarthritis however, only intermittent hand joint pain (OR 1.30(1.07-1.58), p = 0.008) and intermittent pain in ≥10 hand joints (OR 1.75(1.32-2.31), p<0.001) remained significant. The best model for describing the relationship between serum uric acid levels (SUA) and intermittent hand joint pain in ≥10 joints was non-linear with a cut-off at 372 μmol/L. The attributable surplus number of symptomatic females with SUA ≥372 μmol/L was approximately 2.0% of the study population for those reporting pain in ≥10 hand joints. Next after having severe hand osteoarthritis, SUA ≥372 was an independent predictive factor of intermittent pain in ≥10 hand joints. Intermittent hand joint pain was also an independent risk factor for worse general health description. Conclusion: Results from this population based study indicate that hyperuricemia in elderly females may be a rather frequent cause of intermittent hand joint pain, often in many joints. The most likely explanation relates to low-grade urate crystal induced inflammation. Our data do not allow for assessment of the severity of symptoms or whether they merit specific treatment, but intermittent hand joint pain was an independent predictor of worse general health. These findings may be an important contribution to the debate on whether hyperuricemia should be treated.
MeSH term(s)	Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Area Under Curve ; Arthralgia/blood ; Arthralgia/etiology ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Hand Joints/pathology ; Humans ; Hyperuricemia/blood ; Hyperuricemia/complications ; Iceland ; Osteoarthritis/etiology ; Uric Acid/blood
Chemical Substances	Uric Acid (268B43MJ25)
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-08-23
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ISSN	1932-6203
ISSN (online)	1932-6203
DOI	10.1371/journal.pone.0221474
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Article ; Online: APOE ε4 and late-life cognition: mediation by structural brain imaging markers.

Ma, Yuan / Sajeev, Gautam / VanderWeele, Tyler J / Viswanathan, Anand / Sigurdsson, Sigurdur / Eiriksdottir, Gudny / Aspelund, Thor / Betensky, Rebecca A / Grodstein, Francine / Hofman, Albert / Gudnason, Vilmundur / Launer, Lenore / Blacker, Deborah

European journal of epidemiology

2022 Volume 37, Issue 6, Page(s) 591–601

Abstract: The apolipoprotein E allele 4 (APOE-ε4) is established as a major genetic risk factor for cognitive decline and late-onset Alzheimer's disease. Accumulating evidence has linked ε4 carriership to abnormal structural brain changes across the adult lifespan. ...

Abstract	The apolipoprotein E allele 4 (APOE-ε4) is established as a major genetic risk factor for cognitive decline and late-onset Alzheimer's disease. Accumulating evidence has linked ε4 carriership to abnormal structural brain changes across the adult lifespan. To better understand the underlying causal mechanisms, we investigated the extent to which the effect of the ε4 allele on cognition is mediated by structural brain imaging markers in the population-based Age, Gene/Environment Susceptibility-Reykjavik Study (AGES-Reykjavik). This study included 4527 participants (aged 76.3 ± 5.4 at baseline) who underwent the brain magnetic resonance imaging assessment (of brain tissue volumes, white matter lesion volume, subcortical and cortical infarcts, and cerebral microbleeds) and a battery of neuropsychological tests at baseline. Causal mediation analysis was used to quantify the mediation of the ε4 effect on cognition by these MRI markers, both individually and jointly. We observed that about 9% of the total effect of ε4 carriership on cognition was mediated by white matter lesion volume. This proportion increased to 25% when total brain tissue volume was jointly considered with white matter lesion volume. In analyses separating ε4 homozygotes from ε4 heterozygotes, the effect on global cognition of specifically ε4 homozygosity appeared to be partially mediated by cerebral microbleeds, particularly lobar microbleeds. There was no evidence of mediation of the ε4 effect by cortical or subcortical infarcts. This study shows that the ε4 effect on cognition is partly mediated by white matter lesion volume and total brain tissue volume. These findings suggest the joint role of cerebral small vessel disease and neurodegeneration in the ε4-cognition relationship.
MeSH term(s)	Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Alzheimer Disease/diagnostic imaging ; Alzheimer Disease/genetics ; Apolipoprotein E4/genetics ; Apolipoproteins E ; Biomarkers ; Brain/diagnostic imaging ; Cerebral Hemorrhage/diagnostic imaging ; Cerebral Hemorrhage/genetics ; Cerebral Hemorrhage/pathology ; Cognition ; Humans ; Infarction/pathology ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Neuroimaging ; Neuropsychological Tests
Chemical Substances	ApoE protein, human ; Apolipoprotein E4 ; Apolipoproteins E ; Biomarkers
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-04-26
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	632614-6
ISSN	1573-7284 ; 0393-2990
ISSN (online)	1573-7284
ISSN	0393-2990
DOI	10.1007/s10654-022-00864-7
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Zs.A 2090: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Circulating serum microRNAs including senescent miR-31-5p are associated with incident fragility fractures in older postmenopausal women with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Heilmeier, Ursula / Hackl, Matthias / Schroeder, Fabian / Torabi, Soheyla / Kapoor, Puneet / Vierlinger, Klemens / Eiriksdottir, Gudny / Gudmundsson, Elias Freyr / Harris, Tamara B / Gudnason, Vilmundur / Link, Thomas M / Grillari, Johannes / Schwartz, Ann V

Bone

2022 Volume 158, Page(s) 116308

Abstract: Fragility fractures are an important hallmark of aging and an increasingly recognized complication of Type 2 diabetes (T2D). T2D individuals have been found to exhibit an increased fracture risk despite elevated bone mineral density (BMD) by dual x-ray ... ...

Abstract	Fragility fractures are an important hallmark of aging and an increasingly recognized complication of Type 2 diabetes (T2D). T2D individuals have been found to exhibit an increased fracture risk despite elevated bone mineral density (BMD) by dual x-ray absorptiometry (DXA). However, BMD and FRAX-scores tend to underestimate fracture risk in T2D. New, reliable biomarkers are therefore needed. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are secreted into the circulation from cells of various tissues proportional to local disease severity. Serum miRNA-classifiers were recently found to discriminate T2D women with and without prevalent fragility fractures with high specificity and sensitivity (AUC > 0.90). However, the association of circulating miRNAs with incident fractures in T2D has not been examined yet. In 168 T2D postmenopausal women in the AGES-Reykjavik cohort, miRNAs were extracted from baseline serum and a panel of 10 circulating miRNAs known to be involved in diabetic bone disease and aging was quantified by qPCR and Ct-values extracted. Unadjusted and adjusted Cox proportional hazard models assessed the associations between serum miRNAs and incident fragility fracture. Additionally, Receiver operating curve (ROC) analyses were performed. Of the included 168 T2D postmenopausal women who were on average 77.2 ± 5.6 years old, 70 experienced at least one incident fragility fracture during the mean follow-up of 5.8 ± 2.7 years. We found that 3 serum miRNAs were significantly associated with incident diabetic fragility fracture: while low expression of miR-19b-1-5p was associated with significantly lower risk of incident fragility fracture (HR 0.84 (95% CI: 0.71-0.99, p = 0.0323)), low expression of miR-203a and miR-31-5p was each significantly associated with a higher risk of incident fragility fracture per unit increase in Ct-value (miR-203a: HR 1.29 (95% CI: 1.12-1.49), p = 0.0004, miR-31-5p HR 1.27 (95% CI: 1.06-1.52), p = 0.009). Hazard ratios of the latter two miRNAs remained significant after adjustments for age, body mass index (BMI), areal bone mineral density (aBMD), clinical FRAX or FRAXaBMD. Women with miR-203a and miR-31-5p serum levels in the lowest expression quartiles exhibited a 2.4-3.4-fold larger fracture risk than women with miR-31-5p and miR-203a serum expressions in the highest expression quartile (0.002 ≤ p ≤ 0.039). Women with both miR-203a and miR-31-5p serum levels below the median had a significantly increased fracture risk (Unadjusted HR 3.26 (95% CI: 1.57-6.78, p = 0.001) compared to those with both expression levels above the median, stable to adjustments. We next built a diabetic fragility signature consisting of the 3 miRNAs that showed the largest associations with incident fracture (miR-203a, miR-31-5p, miR-19b-1-5p). This 3-miRNA signature showed with an AUC of 0.722 comparable diagnostic accuracy in identifying incident fractures to any of the clinical parameters such as aBMD, Clinical FRAX or FRAXaBMD alone. When the 3 miRNAs were combined with aBMD, this combined 4-feature signature performed with an AUC of 0.756 (95% CI: 0.680, 0.823) significantly better than aBMD alone (AUC 0.666, 95% CI: 0.585, 0.741) (p = 0.009). Our data indicate that specific serum microRNAs including senescent miR-31-5p are associated with incident fragility fracture in older diabetic women and can significantly improve fracture risk prediction in diabetics when combined with aBMD measurements of the femoral neck.
MeSH term(s)	Absorptiometry, Photon ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Bone Density/genetics ; Circulating MicroRNA ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/blood ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/genetics ; Female ; Humans ; MicroRNAs/blood ; MicroRNAs/genetics ; Osteoporotic Fractures/blood ; Osteoporotic Fractures/genetics ; Postmenopause
Chemical Substances	Circulating MicroRNA ; MIRN31 microRNA, human ; MicroRNAs
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-21
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	632515-4
ISSN	1873-2763 ; 8756-3282
ISSN (online)	1873-2763
ISSN	8756-3282
DOI	10.1016/j.bone.2021.116308
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Zs.A 1571: Show issues			Location: Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand) bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG) ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)
Zs.MO 332: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Computed tomography-based skeletal muscle and adipose tissue attenuation: Variations by age, sex, and muscle.

Figueiredo, Pedro / Marques, Elisa A / Gudnason, Vilmundur / Lang, Thomas / Sigurdsson, Sigurdur / Jonsson, Palmi V / Aspelund, Thor / Siggeirsdottir, Kristin / Launer, Lenore / Eiriksdottir, Gudny / Harris, Tamara B

Experimental gerontology

2021 Volume 149, Page(s) 111306

Abstract: Objective: This study aimed to investigate how skeletal muscle attenuation and adipose tissue (AT) attenuation of the quadriceps, hamstrings, paraspinal muscle groups and the psoas muscle vary according to the targeted muscles, sex, and age.: Design: ...

Abstract	Objective: This study aimed to investigate how skeletal muscle attenuation and adipose tissue (AT) attenuation of the quadriceps, hamstrings, paraspinal muscle groups and the psoas muscle vary according to the targeted muscles, sex, and age. Design: Population-based cross-sectional study. Setting: Community-dwelling old population in Reykjavik, Iceland. Subjects: A total of 5331 older adults (42.8% women), aged 66-96 years from the Age, Gene/Environment Susceptibility (AGES)- Reykjavik Study, who participated in the baseline visit (between 2002 and 2006) and had valid thigh and abdominal computed tomography (CT) scans were studied. Methods: Muscle attenuation and AT attenuation of the quadriceps, hamstrings, paraspinal muscle groups and the psoas muscle were determined using CT. Linear mixed model analysis of variance was performed for each sex, with skeletal muscle or AT attenuation as the dependent variable. Results: Muscle attenuation decreased, and AT attenuation increased with age in both sexes, and these differences were specific for each muscle, although not in all age groups. Age-related differences in muscle and AT attenuation varied with specific muscle. In general, for both sexes, skeletal muscle attenuation of the hamstrings declined more than average with age. Men and women displayed a different pattern in the age differences in AT attenuation for each muscle. Conclusions: Our data support the hypotheses that skeletal muscle attenuation decreases, and AT attenuation increases with aging. In addition, our data add new evidence, supporting that age-related differences in skeletal muscle and AT attenuation vary between muscles.
MeSH term(s)	Adipose Tissue/diagnostic imaging ; Aged ; Aging ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Muscle, Skeletal/diagnostic imaging ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-03-10
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	390992-x
ISSN	1873-6815 ; 0531-5565
ISSN (online)	1873-6815
ISSN	0531-5565
DOI	10.1016/j.exger.2021.111306
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Zs.A 579: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Accelerated decline in quadriceps area and Timed Up and Go test performance are associated with hip fracture risk in older adults with impaired kidney function.

Marques, Elisa A / Elbejjani, Martine / Viana, João L / Gudnason, Vilmundur / Sigurdsson, Gunnar / Lang, Thomas / Sigurdsson, Sigurdur / Aspelund, Thor / Siggeirsdottir, Kristin / Launer, Lenore / Eiriksdottir, Gudny / Harris, Tamara B

Experimental gerontology

2021 Volume 149, Page(s) 111314

Abstract: Objective: This study aimed to examine whether an accelerated decline in quadriceps cross-sectional area (CSA), attenuation (a surrogate of quality), and strength, as well as lower limb muscular function, are associated with hip fractures in older ... ...

Abstract	Objective: This study aimed to examine whether an accelerated decline in quadriceps cross-sectional area (CSA), attenuation (a surrogate of quality), and strength, as well as lower limb muscular function, are associated with hip fractures in older adults with impaired kidney function. Design: Prospective population-based study. Setting: Community-dwelling old population in Reykjavik, Iceland. Subjects: A total of 875 older adults (mean baseline age 76 years) from the Age, Gene/Environment Susceptibility (AGES)-Reykjavik Study with impaired kidney function. Methods: Quadriceps CSA and density were determined using computed tomography (CT), knee extension strength was measured with an isometric dynamometer chair, and muscular function was assessed using the Timed Up and Go (TUG) test. All muscle-related measurements were assessed twice over a mean follow-up of 5.2 years. Data on hip fracture incidence was obtained from medical records during a maximum of 8.4 years of follow-up time. Results: Fully adjusted cox-proportional hazard regression models showed that a faster decline in quadriceps CSA and TUG test performance were significantly associated with increased hip fracture risk (HR = 1.55, 95% CI = 1.02-2.36, and HR = 1.80, 95% CI = 1.19-2.72, respectively). A faster decrease in quadriceps density and isometric knee extension strength were not associated with fracture risk. Conclusions: Accelerated decline in CT-derived quadriceps CSA and muscular function, as measured by the TUG test's performance, are predictive of hip fracture risk in older adults with impaired kidney function. TUG test is a simple measure and easily included in routine medical examinations, compared to CT scans, which seems to be useful for identifying a subgroup of individuals with high risk of fracture.
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-03-16
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	390992-x
ISSN	1873-6815 ; 0531-5565
ISSN (online)	1873-6815
ISSN	0531-5565
DOI	10.1016/j.exger.2021.111314
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Zs.A 579: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Urinary 6-sulfatoxymelatonin Levels and Prostate Cancer Risk among Men in the Multiethnic Cohort.

Vaselkiv, Jane B / Cheng, Iona / Chowdhury-Paulino, Ilkania M / Gonzalez-Feliciano, Amparo G / Wilkens, Lynne R / Hauksdóttir, Alda M / Eiriksdottir, Gudny / Le Marchand, Loïc / Haiman, Christopher A / Valdimarsdóttir, Unnur / Mucci, Lorelei A / Markt, Sarah C

Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology

2021 Volume 31, Issue 3, Page(s) 688–691

Abstract: Background: The circadian hormone melatonin has anticancer properties, and prior studies suggest a positive association between low melatonin and prostate cancer risk. The purpose of this study was to examine urinary melatonin levels and prostate cancer ...

Abstract	Background: The circadian hormone melatonin has anticancer properties, and prior studies suggest a positive association between low melatonin and prostate cancer risk. The purpose of this study was to examine urinary melatonin levels and prostate cancer in a racially/ethnically diverse cohort. Methods: We conducted a nested case-control study, including 1,263 prostate cancer cases and 2,346 controls, sampled from participants in the Multiethnic Cohort Study with prediagnostic urine samples assayed for 6-sulfatoxymelatonin, the primary melatonin metabolite. Conditional logistic regression was used to examine the association between melatonin levels and the development of prostate cancer outcomes (all incident cases, advanced, lethal, high-grade, and aggressive), overall and by race/ethnicity. Results: Among 1,263 cases, 135 were advanced stage, 101 were lethal cases, and 282 were high-grade disease. Median melatonin levels were similar in controls [17.12 ng/mL; interquartile range (IQR), 19.78] and cases (17.93 ng/mL; IQR, 19.76), and we found no significant association between urinary melatonin levels and prostate cancer risk overall or in any clinical or racial subgroup. Conclusions: In this diverse cohort, there was no significant association between melatonin and any prostate cancer outcome, nor were there any differences by racial/ethnic group. Impact: These results do not support a strong association between melatonin levels and risk of prostate cancer.
MeSH term(s)	Case-Control Studies ; Cohort Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Melatonin/analogs & derivatives ; Melatonin/urine ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; Risk Factors
Chemical Substances	6-sulfatoxymelatonin (2208-40-4) ; Melatonin (JL5DK93RCL)
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-12-14
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	1153420-5
ISSN	1538-7755 ; 1055-9965
ISSN (online)	1538-7755
ISSN	1055-9965
DOI	10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-21-1041
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Zs.A 3693: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Body size at birth and age-related macular degeneration in old age.

Haapanen, Markus J / von Bonsdorff, Mikaela B / Fisher, Diana / Jonasson, Fridbert / Eiriksdottir, Gudny / Gudnason, Vilmundur / Cotch, Mary Frances

Acta ophthalmologica

2019 Volume 98, Issue 5, Page(s) 455–463

Abstract: Purpose: To study associations between body size at birth and age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in old age.: Methods: The study sample consists of 1497 community-dwelling individuals (56.1% women) aged 67-89 years with birth data and retinal ... ...

Abstract	Purpose: To study associations between body size at birth and age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in old age. Methods: The study sample consists of 1497 community-dwelling individuals (56.1% women) aged 67-89 years with birth data and retinal data collected twice in old age 5 years apart. Birth data (weight, length, birth order) were extracted from original birth records. Digital retinal photographs were graded to determine AMD status. Data on covariates were collected at the baseline physical examination in old age. Multivariable regression analyses were used to study the association between birth data and AMD adjusting for known confounding factors, including birth year cohort effects. Results: The prevalence and 5-year incidence of any AMD were 33.1% and 17.0%, respectively. Men and women born in 1930-1936 were significantly leaner and slightly longer at birth compared to those in earlier birth cohorts. There were no consistent associations between weight, length or ponderal index (PI) at birth and AMD in old age even when stratified by birth cohort. Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) prevalence (39.8%) and 5-year incidence (28.6%) were highest in individuals who were in the highest quartile of PI at birth and who were obese in old age. Conclusion: Body size at birth was not consistently associated with AMD in old age, suggesting that intrauterine growth might have little direct importance in the development of AMD in old age. It is possible that some yet unknown factors related to larger size at birth and obesity in old age may explain differences in the prevalence and incidence of AMD in the ageing population.
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-12-29
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2408333-1
ISSN	1755-3768 ; 1755-375X
ISSN (online)	1755-3768
ISSN	1755-375X
DOI	10.1111/aos.14340
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Ul I Zs.90: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Hand and knee osteoarthritis are associated with reduced diameters in retinal vessels: the AGES-Reykjavik study.

Jonsson, Helgi / Fisher, Diana E / Eiriksdottir, Gudny / Aspelund, Thor / Klein, Ronald / Gudnason, Vilmundur / Cotch, Mary Frances

Rheumatology international

2019 Volume 39, Issue 4, Page(s) 669–677

Abstract: To investigate the association between osteoarthritis (OA) and microvascular pathology, we examined the relationship between retinal microvascular caliber and osteoarthritis of the hand and knee in an elderly population. The AGES-Reykjavik is a ... ...

Abstract	To investigate the association between osteoarthritis (OA) and microvascular pathology, we examined the relationship between retinal microvascular caliber and osteoarthritis of the hand and knee in an elderly population. The AGES-Reykjavik is a population-based, multidisciplinary longitudinal cohort study of aging. Retinal vessel caliber, hand osteoarthritis and total knee joint replacements due to OA were examined in 4757 individuals (mean age 76 ± 5 years; 57% female). Incident knee joint replacements during 5-year follow-up (n = 2961, mean age 75 ± 5 years; 58% female) were also assessed. Logistic regression analysis, adjusting for age, sex, and body mass index, showed an association between narrow arteriolar caliber and hand OA, as well as knee replacement. After adjustment for other covariates, including statin therapy, this association was significant for both hand OA in men and women [OR 1.10(1.03-1.17), p < 0.01] (per unit standard deviation decrease in CRAE) and TKR prevalence [OR 1.15 (1.01-1.32), p = 0.04], especially for men [OR 1.22 (1.00-1.51) p = 0.04] and also for incident TKRs in men [OR 1.50 (1.07-2.10), p = 0.04]. Narrow venular caliber was associated with hand OA in women [OR 1.10 (1.01-1.21), p = 0.03]. Retinal arterial narrowing in hand and knee OA is present in males as well as females. Venular narrowing in hand OA in women was an unexpected finding and is in contrast with the venular widening usually observed in cardiovascular diseases.
MeSH term(s)	Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Arterioles/pathology ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee/statistics & numerical data ; Female ; Hand Joints ; Humans ; Iceland/epidemiology ; Logistic Models ; Longitudinal Studies ; Male ; Organ Size ; Osteoarthritis/epidemiology ; Osteoarthritis, Knee/epidemiology ; Osteoarthritis, Knee/surgery ; Retinal Artery/pathology ; Retinal Vein/pathology ; Sex Factors ; Venules/pathology
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-01-22
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural
ZDB-ID	8286-7
ISSN	1437-160X ; 0172-8172
ISSN (online)	1437-160X
ISSN	0172-8172
DOI	10.1007/s00296-019-04243-6
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Article ; Online: Predictors of carotid plaque progression over a 4-year follow-up in the Reykjavik REFINE-study.

Sturlaugsdottir, Ran / Aspelund, Thor / Bjornsdottir, Gudlaug / Sigurdsson, Sigurdur / Thorsson, Bolli / Eiriksdottir, Gudny / Gudnason, Vilmundur

Atherosclerosis

2017 Volume 269, Page(s) 57–62

Abstract: Background and aims: Carotid plaque is an arterial marker suggested as a surrogate end point for cardiovascular disease. The aim of this study was to examine the association of risk factors at visit 1 with plaque formation and progression of total ... ...

Abstract	Background and aims: Carotid plaque is an arterial marker suggested as a surrogate end point for cardiovascular disease. The aim of this study was to examine the association of risk factors at visit 1 with plaque formation and progression of total plaque area (TPA) during follow-up. Methods: We examined 1894 participants (50-69 years of age) in the population-based REFINE (Risk Evaluation For INfarct Estimates)-Reykjavik study. Results: Among those with no plaque at baseline, plaque formation was associated with low density lipoprotein, sex, waist, former smoker and physical activity. Furthermore, both the Icelandic Heart Association (IHA) coronary heart disease (CHD) risk score and the atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk score were highly associated with plaque formation in these individuals (p < 0.001) and a better cardiovascular health score was protective. In those with plaque present at baseline, metabolic syndrome was associated with increased risk, while older age and statin use were associated with reduced risk of new plaque formation. Statin use was the only factor associated with the relative TPA progression, where participants not on treatment had 5.7% (p=0.029) greater rate of progression compared with statin users. Conclusions: A number of conventional risk factors at visit 1 were individually associated with plaque formation, also when combined into CHD and ASCVD risk scores, but not with the relative progression in TPA. Medical intervention with statins can reduce the relative progression rate of TPA in the general population with low grade of atherosclerosis, supporting statin use to slow progression of atherosclerosis.
MeSH term(s)	Aged ; Carotid Artery Diseases/diagnostic imaging ; Carotid Artery Diseases/drug therapy ; Carotid Artery Diseases/epidemiology ; Carotid Artery, Common/diagnostic imaging ; Carotid Artery, Common/drug effects ; Carotid Intima-Media Thickness ; Disease Progression ; Female ; Humans ; Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors/therapeutic use ; Iceland/epidemiology ; Longitudinal Studies ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Plaque, Atherosclerotic ; Predictive Value of Tests ; Prospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Time Factors
Chemical Substances	Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-12-06
Publishing country	Ireland
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	80061-2
ISSN	1879-1484 ; 0021-9150
ISSN (online)	1879-1484
ISSN	0021-9150
DOI	10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2017.12.005
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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