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  1. Article: Weekly patterns and weekend effects of air pollution in the Moscow megacity

    Elansky, N.F / Ponomarev, N.A / Semutnikova, E.G / Shilkin, A.V / Zakharova, P.V

    Atmospheric environment. 2020 Mar. 01, v. 224

    2020  

    Abstract: The weekly cycle and weekend effect in the O3, NO, NO2, CO, CH4, SO2, NMHC, and PM10 concentrations were investigated in the Moscow megacity using in-situ measurements from January 1, 2005 to December 31, 2014 at 49 stations of the Moscow Environment ... ...

    Abstract The weekly cycle and weekend effect in the O3, NO, NO2, CO, CH4, SO2, NMHC, and PM10 concentrations were investigated in the Moscow megacity using in-situ measurements from January 1, 2005 to December 31, 2014 at 49 stations of the Moscow Environment Monitoring network. Daily variations in the CO, NOx, NMHC, and PM10 concentrations depend mainly on motor transport emissions and the atmospheric boundary layer vertical stratification. The characteristic feature of Moscow is the time coincidence of rush hours and surface temperature inversion during the cold season, which results in pollutant accumulation in the atmospheric surface layer. It was found that the surface concentrations of the pollutants (except ozone and methane) decrease on weekends. Weekday (Tuesday–Friday)-Sunday differences in the daytime (08:00–22:00 LT) NO, NO2, CO, SO2, NMHC, and PM10 concentrations relative to those of weekday period averaged for all stations over 2005–2014 amounted to 23.9 ± 5.8, 16.7 ± 2.8, 13.6 ± 3.3, 7.6 ± 6.5, 6.3 ± 2.2, and 14.5 ± 5.1%, respectively. The ozone concentration increased on Sunday by 16.5 ± 4.8%. The methane concentration on weekends was the same as on weekdays. The weekend effects in all pollutant concentrations were weakened within the greenbelt around Moscow. In different sectors of Moscow the pollutant weekend effects except that in SO2 were approximately the same. The vertical structure of the NO, NO2, and CO weekend effects was analyzed based on data obtained from measurements at the TV tower 500 m in height. These weekend effects decreased nonlinearly with height. Estimates obtained for basic criteria of activity of photochemical processes determining the formation of the weekly cycle and weekend effect of ozone (NMHC/NOx ratio, fraction of radical loss via NOx chemistry, concentration of Ox) show that the VOC-limited chemistry is characteristic of Moscow.
    Keywords air pollution ; atmospheric chemistry ; carbon monoxide ; cities ; cold season ; emissions ; environmental monitoring ; methane ; nitric oxide ; nitrogen dioxide ; ozone ; particulates ; photochemistry ; pollutants ; sulfur dioxide ; surface temperature ; temperature inversion ; troposphere
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2020-0301
    Publishing place Elsevier Ltd
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 216368-8
    ISSN 0004-6981 ; 1352-2310
    ISSN 0004-6981 ; 1352-2310
    DOI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2020.117303
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

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  2. Book ; Online: Estimation of nocturnal222Rn soil fluxes over Russia from TROICA measurements

    Berezina, E. V. / Elansky, N. F. / Moiseenko, K. B. / Belikov, I. B. / Shumsky, R. A. / Safronov, A. N. / Brenninkmeijer, C. A. M

    eISSN: 1680-7324

    2013  

    Abstract: In TROICA (TRanscontinental Observations Into the Chemistry of the Atmosphere) campaigns (1999–2008), the simultaneous observations of near surface 222 Rn concentrations and atmospheric boundary layer thermal structure were performed along the Trans- ... ...

    Abstract In TROICA (TRanscontinental Observations Into the Chemistry of the Atmosphere) campaigns (1999–2008), the simultaneous observations of near surface 222 Rn concentrations and atmospheric boundary layer thermal structure were performed along the Trans-Siberian Railway across northern Eurasia from Moscow to Vladivostok, including central, southern and far eastern parts of Russia. The data on 222 Rn and temperature vertical distribution are used to estimate 222 Rn regional scale soil fluxes based on calculations of nocturnal 222 Rn accumulation rates in the surface layer under inversion conditions. An effect of seasonal soil thawing on 2–4 times surface 222 Rn concentration increase from summer 1999 to autumn 2005 is observed. The estimated 222 Rn regional averaged fluxes vary over Russia from 29 ± 8 mBq m −2 s −1 in its so-called European territory to 95 ± 51 mBq m −2 s −1 in the southern area of Siberia. The highest 222 Rn fluxes are derived in the regions of high tectonic activity and orogenic belts of central and eastern Siberia and in far eastern Russia. The observed high 222 Rn flux variations in specific events show a strong effect of both soil and atmospheric conditions on 222 Rn near-surface abundance and the derived seasonal patterns over the continent.
    Subject code 333
    Language English
    Publishing date 2013-12-03
    Publishing country de
    Document type Book ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  3. Book ; Online: Using a moving measurement platform for determining the chemical composition of atmospheric aerosols between Moscow and Vladivostok

    Kuokka, S. / Teinilä, K. / Saarnio, K. / Aurela, M. / Sillanpää, M. / Hillamo, R. / Kerminen, V.-M. / Pyy, K. / Vartiainen, E. / Kulmala, M. / Skorokhod, A. I. / Elansky, N. F. / Belikov, I. B.

    eISSN: 1680-7324

    2007  

    Abstract: The TROICA-9 expedition (Trans-Siberian Observations Into the Chemistry of the Atmosphere) was carried out at the Trans-Siberian railway between Moscow and Vladivostok in October 2005. Measurements of aerosol physical and chemical properties were made ... ...

    Abstract The TROICA-9 expedition (Trans-Siberian Observations Into the Chemistry of the Atmosphere) was carried out at the Trans-Siberian railway between Moscow and Vladivostok in October 2005. Measurements of aerosol physical and chemical properties were made from an observatory carriage connected to a passenger train. Black carbon (BC) concentrations in fine particles (PM 2.5 , aerodynamic diameter <2.5 μm) were measured with an aethalometer using a five-minute time resolution. Concentrations of inorganic ions and some organic compounds (Cl − , NO 3 − , SO 4 2− , Na + , NH 4 + , K + , Ca 2+ , Mg 2+ , oxalate and methane sulphonate) were measured continuously by using an on-line system with a 15-min time resolution. In addition, particle volume size distributions were determined for particles in the diameter range 3–850 nm using a 10-min time resolution. The continuous measurements were completed with 24-h PM 2.5 filter samples stored in a refrigerator and analyzed later in a chemical laboratory. The analyses included the mass concentrations of PM 2.5 , ions, monosaccharide anhydrides (levoglucosan, galactosan and mannosan) and trace elements (Al, As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, Sb, V and Zn). The mass concentrations of PM 2.5 varied in the range of 4.3–34.8 μg m −3 with an average of 21.6 μg m −3 . Fine particle mass consisted mainly of BC (average 27.6%), SO 4 2− (13.0%), NH 4 + (4.1%) and NO 3 − (1.4%). One of the major constituents was obviously organic carbon which was not determined. The contribution of BC was high compared with other studies made in Europe and Asia. High concentrations of ions, BC and particle volume were observed between Moscow and roughly 4000 km east of it, as well as close to Vladivostok, primarily due to local anthropogenic sources. In the natural background area between 4000 and 7200 km away from Moscow, observed concentrations were low, even though local particle sources, such as forest fires, occasionally increased concentrations. During the measured forest fire episodes, most of the aerosol mass appeared to consist of organic particulate matter. Concentrations of the biomass burning tracers levoglucosan, oxalate and potassium were elevated close to the forest fire areas observed by the MODIS satellite. The polluted air masses from Asia seem to have significant influences on the concentration levels of fine particles over south-eastern Russia.
    Subject code 333 ; 290
    Language English
    Publishing date 2007-09-21
    Publishing country de
    Document type Book ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

    Full text online

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    Inter-library loan at ZB MED

    Your chosen title can be delivered directly to ZB MED Cologne location if you are registered as a user at ZB MED Cologne.

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