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Article ; Online: Borna disease in an adult free-ranging Eurasian beaver (Castor fiber albicus).

Ellenberger, Christin / Heenemann, Kristin / Vahlenkamp, Thomas W / Grothmann, Pierre / Herden, Christiane / Heinrich, Anja

Journal of comparative pathology

2024 Volume 209, Page(s) 31–35

Abstract: Borna disease (BD) associated with a peracute bacterial septicaemia with Escherichia coli was diagnosed in an adult female, naturally infected, free-ranging Eurasian beaver of the subspecies Castor fiber albicus, clinically characterized by weight loss, ... ...

Abstract	Borna disease (BD) associated with a peracute bacterial septicaemia with Escherichia coli was diagnosed in an adult female, naturally infected, free-ranging Eurasian beaver of the subspecies Castor fiber albicus, clinically characterized by weight loss, depression, weakness and gurgled peristaltic sounds. The beaver was euthanized humanely. Necropsy and light microscopy revealed a non-purulent meningoencephalitis with typical mononuclear perivascular cuffs and parenchymal infiltrates. The diagnosis of BD was confirmed by detection of viral antigen and RNA by immunohistochemistry and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The PCR product was sequenced and cluster analysis revealed a close relationship between endemic clusters in Saxony-Anhalt. This is the first report of naturally occurring BD in a free-ranging Eurasian beaver.
MeSH term(s)	Female ; Animals ; Borna Disease ; Antigens, Viral ; Autopsy/veterinary ; Meningoencephalitis/veterinary ; Sepsis/veterinary
Chemical Substances	Antigens, Viral
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-12
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	390920-7
ISSN	1532-3129 ; 0021-9975
ISSN (online)	1532-3129
ISSN	0021-9975
DOI	10.1016/j.jcpa.2024.01.003
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Article: Pathogen Screening for Possible Causes of Meningitis/Encephalitis in Wild Carnivores From Saxony-Anhalt.

Höche, Jennifer / House, Robert Valerio / Heinrich, Anja / Schliephake, Annette / Albrecht, Kerstin / Pfeffer, Martin / Ellenberger, Christin

Frontiers in veterinary science

2022 Volume 9, Page(s) 826355

Abstract: Inflammation in meninges and/or brain is regularly noticed in red foxes and other wild carnivores during rabies control programs. Despite negative rabies virus (RABV) results, the etiologies of these cases remain unknown. Thus, the aim of this study was ... ...

Abstract	Inflammation in meninges and/or brain is regularly noticed in red foxes and other wild carnivores during rabies control programs. Despite negative rabies virus (RABV) results, the etiologies of these cases remain unknown. Thus, the aim of this study was to provide an overview of the occurrence of pathogens that may cause diseases in the brains of wild carnivores and pose a risk to humans and other animals. In addition to RABV and canine distemper virus (CDV), a variety of pathogens, including members of
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-04-07
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2834243-4
ISSN	2297-1769
ISSN	2297-1769
DOI	10.3389/fvets.2022.826355
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Book ; Thesis: Funktionelle Pathologie des equinen Ovars und daraus resultierende endometriale Differenzierungsstörungen

Ellenberger, Christin

histomorphologische und immunhistologische Untersuchungen

2003

Author's details	eingereicht von Christin Ellenberger
Language	German
Size	VI, 147 S, Ill., graph. Darst
Document type	Book ; Thesis
Thesis / German Habilitation thesis	Univ., Diss.--Leipzig, 2003
Database	Special collection on veterinary medicine and general parasitology

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Article: The equine endometrosis: New insights into the pathogenesis

Hoffmann, Christine / Ellenberger, Christin / Mattos, Rodrigo Costa / Aupperle, Heike / Dhein, Stefan / Stief, Birgit / Schoon, Heinz-Adolf

Animal reproduction science. 2009 Apr., v. 111, no. 2-4

2009

Abstract: This paper describes the histomorphological and immunohistochemical characterisation of phenotypic variations of endometrosis as well as potential etiological factors which may influence disease progression. In total, 779 endometrial biopsies were ... ...

Abstract	This paper describes the histomorphological and immunohistochemical characterisation of phenotypic variations of endometrosis as well as potential etiological factors which may influence disease progression. In total, 779 endometrial biopsies were examined. These biopsies were taken in the breeding and non-breeding season (n =509), on defined days during the estrous cycle (n =70) and before and after experimentally induced bacterial endometritis (n =200). In addition to conventional histopathology, selected biopsies were investigated using alcianblue staining as well as immunohistochemical methods for the detection of steroid hormone receptors, Ki-67-antigen, vimentin, desmin, fibronectin, smooth-muscle-α-actin and laminin. The equine endometrosis can be divided into a destructive and a non-destructive form. Based on the morphology of the stromal cells involved, an active or inactive state can be distinguished in fibrotic foci. In all types of endometrosis, fibrotic stromal cells show a distinctly reduced expression of steroid hormone receptors in comparison to the intact stroma, indicating their dedifferentiation. However, the steroid hormone receptor expression of involved glandular epithelia seems to depend on the activity of the fibrosis. These results suggest an independency of all fibrotic foci from the hormonal control mechanism of the uterus. The characteristical features of destructive endometrosis are a large number of smooth-muscle-α-actin containing myofibroblasts, a pronounced epithelial vimentin expression, excessive extracellular matrix accumulation and a progressive alteration of the basal lamina. Furthermore, the frequently seen cystic glandular dilatation and mechanical destruction of the uterine glands may occur due to the contractibility of the myofibroblasts involved. As shown in this study, a simultaneous endometritis can cause a temporary activation of fibrotic stromal cells. However, cyclic and seasonal endocrine changes seem to have no effects on progression of the disease. It can be concluded that the various types of endometrosis represent different stages in the fibrotic process, possibly leading to the destruction of the glands and subsequently resulting in the development of a stromal fibrosis.
Keywords	mares ; horse diseases ; endometritis ; female fertility ; etiology ; pathogenesis ; fibrosis ; endometrium ; cell proliferation ; steroid hormones ; hormone receptors ; extracellular matrix ; actin ; smooth muscle ; microfilaments ; phenotype ; disease severity ; histopathology ; immunohistochemistry ; stromal cells
Language	English
Dates of publication	2009-04
Size	p. 261-278.
Publishing place	[Amsterdam]: Elsevier Science
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	429674-6
ISSN	1873-2232 ; 0378-4320
ISSN (online)	1873-2232
ISSN	0378-4320
DOI	10.1016/j.anireprosci.2008.03.019
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Two outbreaks of virulent systemic feline calicivirus infection in cats in Germany.

Schulz, Bianka S / Hartmann, Katrin / Unterer, Stefan / Eichhorn, Werner / Majzoub, Monir / Homeier-Bachmann, Timo / Truyen, Uwe / Ellenberger, Christin / Huebner, Janine

Berliner und Munchener tierarztliche Wochenschrift

2011 Volume 124, Issue 5-6, Page(s) 186–193

Abstract: Over the last years, several outbreaks of virulent systemic feline calicivirus (VS-FCV) infection have been described in the USA and several European countries. The paper describes two outbreaks of VS-FCV infection in cats in Germany. Data concerning ... ...

Abstract	Over the last years, several outbreaks of virulent systemic feline calicivirus (VS-FCV) infection have been described in the USA and several European countries. The paper describes two outbreaks of VS-FCV infection in cats in Germany. Data concerning clinical, laboratory, and histopathological features ofVS-FCV infection were collected from two outbreaks affecting 55 and 4 cats, respectively. Presence of feline calicivirus was confirmed by PCR followed by sequencing of the PCR-products. Clinical signs were variable, including severe upper respiratory tract infection, dyspnoea, oral and footpad ulceration, facial oedema, enteritis, pneumonia, bleeding disorder, high fever, and icterus. Both outbreaks were characterized by a high mortality rate.The present report describes the first documented outbreaks of VS-FCV infection in cats in Germany. Clinical and histopathological features are comparable to outbreaks described in the USA and Europe. However, phylogenetic analysis of the virus genome suggests that virus strains involved in these outbreaks were different from each other and from virulent strains isolated before, confirming the known genetic variability of FCV.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Caliciviridae/classification ; Caliciviridae/genetics ; Caliciviridae/isolation & purification ; Caliciviridae/pathogenicity ; Caliciviridae Infections/epidemiology ; Caliciviridae Infections/pathology ; Caliciviridae Infections/veterinary ; Cat Diseases/epidemiology ; Cat Diseases/pathology ; Cat Diseases/virology ; Cats ; Disease Outbreaks/veterinary ; Female ; Germany/epidemiology ; Male ; Phylogeny ; Virulence
Language	English
Publishing date	2011-05
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	5674-1
ISSN	0005-9366
ISSN	0005-9366
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Article: Growth and differentiation of primary and passaged equine bronchial epithelial cells under conventional and air-liquid-interface culture conditions

Abraham, Getu / Zizzadoro, Claudia / Kacza, Johannes / Ellenberger, Christin / Abs, Vanessa / Franke, Jana / Schoon, Heinz-Adolf / Seeger, Johannes / Tesfaigzi, Yohannes / Ungemach, Fritz R

BMC veterinary research. 2011 Dec., v. 7, no. 1

2011

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Horses develop recurrent airway obstruction (RAO) that resembles human bronchial asthma. Differentiated primary equine bronchial epithelial cells (EBEC) in culture that closely mimic the airway cells in vivo would be useful to investigate the ...

Abstract	BACKGROUND: Horses develop recurrent airway obstruction (RAO) that resembles human bronchial asthma. Differentiated primary equine bronchial epithelial cells (EBEC) in culture that closely mimic the airway cells in vivo would be useful to investigate the contribution of bronchial epithelium in inflammation of airway diseases. However, because isolation and characterization of EBEC cultures has been limited, we modified and optimized techniques of generating and culturing EBECs from healthy horses to mimic in vivo conditions. RESULTS: Large numbers of EBEC were obtained by trypsin digestion and successfully grown for up to 2 passages with or without serum. However, serum or ultroser G proved to be essential for EBEC differentiation on membrane inserts at ALI. A pseudo-stratified muco-ciliary epithelium with basal cells was observed at differentiation. Further, transepithelial resistance (TEER) was more consistent and higher in P1 cultures compared to P0 cultures while ciliation was delayed in P1 cultures. CONCLUSIONS: This study provides an efficient method for obtaining a high-yield of EBECs and for generating highly differentiated cultures. These EBEC cultures can be used to study the formation of tight junction or to identify epithelial-derived inflammatory factors that contribute to lung diseases such as asthma.
Keywords	asthma ; cell differentiation ; digestion ; epithelial cells ; epithelium ; horses ; humans ; inflammation ; tight junctions ; trypsin
Language	English
Dates of publication	2011-12
Size	p. 257.
Publishing place	Springer-Verlag
Document type	Article
ISSN	1746-6148
DOI	10.1186/1746-6148-7-26
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Growth and differentiation of primary and passaged equine bronchial epithelial cells under conventional and air-liquid-interface culture conditions

Seeger Johannes / Schoon Heinz-Adolf / Franke Jana / Abs Vanessa / Ellenberger Christin / Kacza Johannes / Zizzadoro Claudia / Abraham Getu / Tesfaigzi Yohannes / Ungemach Fritz R

BMC Veterinary Research, Vol 7, Iss 1, p

2011 Volume 26

Abstract: Abstract Background Horses develop recurrent airway obstruction (RAO) that resembles human bronchial asthma. Differentiated primary equine bronchial epithelial cells (EBEC) in culture that closely mimic the airway cells in vivo would be useful to ... ...

Abstract	Abstract Background Horses develop recurrent airway obstruction (RAO) that resembles human bronchial asthma. Differentiated primary equine bronchial epithelial cells (EBEC) in culture that closely mimic the airway cells in vivo would be useful to investigate the contribution of bronchial epithelium in inflammation of airway diseases. However, because isolation and characterization of EBEC cultures has been limited, we modified and optimized techniques of generating and culturing EBECs from healthy horses to mimic in vivo conditions. Results Large numbers of EBEC were obtained by trypsin digestion and successfully grown for up to 2 passages with or without serum. However, serum or ultroser G proved to be essential for EBEC differentiation on membrane inserts at ALI. A pseudo-stratified muco-ciliary epithelium with basal cells was observed at differentiation. Further, transepithelial resistance (TEER) was more consistent and higher in P 1 cultures compared to P 0 cultures while ciliation was delayed in P 1 cultures. Conclusions This study provides an efficient method for obtaining a high-yield of EBECs and for generating highly differentiated cultures. These EBEC cultures can be used to study the formation of tight junction or to identify epithelial-derived inflammatory factors that contribute to lung diseases such as asthma.
Keywords	Veterinary medicine ; SF600-1100
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing date	2011-06-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	BMC
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: The equine endometrosis: new insights into the pathogenesis.

Hoffmann, Christine / Ellenberger, Christin / Mattos, Rodrigo Costa / Aupperle, Heike / Dhein, Stefan / Stief, Birgit / Schoon, Heinz-Adolf

Animal reproduction science

2009 Volume 111, Issue 2-4, Page(s) 261–278

Abstract	This paper describes the histomorphological and immunohistochemical characterisation of phenotypic variations of endometrosis as well as potential etiological factors which may influence disease progression. In total, 779 endometrial biopsies were examined. These biopsies were taken in the breeding and non-breeding season (n=509), on defined days during the estrous cycle (n=70) and before and after experimentally induced bacterial endometritis (n=200). In addition to conventional histopathology, selected biopsies were investigated using alcianblue staining as well as immunohistochemical methods for the detection of steroid hormone receptors, Ki-67-antigen, vimentin, desmin, fibronectin, smooth-muscle-alpha-actin and laminin. The equine endometrosis can be divided into a destructive and a non-destructive form. Based on the morphology of the stromal cells involved, an active or inactive state can be distinguished in fibrotic foci. In all types of endometrosis, fibrotic stromal cells show a distinctly reduced expression of steroid hormone receptors in comparison to the intact stroma, indicating their dedifferentiation. However, the steroid hormone receptor expression of involved glandular epithelia seems to depend on the activity of the fibrosis. These results suggest an independency of all fibrotic foci from the hormonal control mechanism of the uterus. The characteristical features of destructive endometrosis are a large number of smooth-muscle-alpha-actin containing myofibroblasts, a pronounced epithelial vimentin expression, excessive extracellular matrix accumulation and a progressive alteration of the basal lamina. Furthermore, the frequently seen cystic glandular dilatation and mechanical destruction of the uterine glands may occur due to the contractibility of the myofibroblasts involved. As shown in this study, a simultaneous endometritis can cause a temporary activation of fibrotic stromal cells. However, cyclic and seasonal endocrine changes seem to have no effects on progression of the disease. It can be concluded that the various types of endometrosis represent different stages in the fibrotic process, possibly leading to the destruction of the glands and subsequently resulting in the development of a stromal fibrosis.
MeSH term(s)	Actins/metabolism ; Animals ; Biopsy/veterinary ; Desmin/metabolism ; Endometriosis/etiology ; Endometriosis/metabolism ; Endometriosis/pathology ; Endometriosis/veterinary ; Female ; Fibronectins/metabolism ; Horse Diseases/etiology ; Horse Diseases/metabolism ; Horse Diseases/pathology ; Horses ; Immunohistochemistry/veterinary ; Ki-67 Antigen/metabolism ; Laminin/metabolism ; Receptors, Estrogen/metabolism ; Vimentin/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Actins ; Desmin ; Fibronectins ; Ki-67 Antigen ; Laminin ; Receptors, Estrogen ; Vimentin
Language	English
Publishing date	2009-04
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	429674-6
ISSN	1873-2232 ; 0378-4320
ISSN (online)	1873-2232
ISSN	0378-4320
DOI	10.1016/j.anireprosci.2008.03.019
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Article: Spezielle Diagnostik bei einem Pferd mit Cushing-Syndrom und Krankheitsverlauf während der Therapie mit Pergolid

Grosche, Astrid / Ellenberger, Christin / Uhlig, A. / Schusser, G. F.

Tierärztliche Praxis G: Großtiere/Nutztiere

2005 Volume 33, Issue 02, Page(s) 114–121

Abstract: Ziel: In vorliegendem Fallbericht werden spezielle diagnostische Möglichkeiten beim equinen Cushing-Syndrom (ECS) und der Verlauf einer Langzeitbehandlung mit Pergolid diskutiert. : Material und Methoden: Zur Vorstellung gelangte eine 13-jährige ... ...

Abstract	Ziel: In vorliegendem Fallbericht werden spezielle diagnostische Möglichkeiten beim equinen Cushing-Syndrom (ECS) und der Verlauf einer Langzeitbehandlung mit Pergolid diskutiert. Material und Methoden: Zur Vorstellung gelangte eine 13-jährige Quarter-Horse-Stute mit Konjunktivitis, Hyperhidrosis, Polydipsie und Polyurie. Blut (inklusive ACTH-Konzentration) sowie Harn wurden untersucht und der Dexamethason-Suppressionstest durchgeführt. Zudem wurden MRT-Aufnahmen von der Hypophyse des Pferdes angefertigt. Die Bestimmung spezifischer pharmakokinetischer Parameter erfolgte nach oraler Gabe von Pergolidmesilat. Ergebnisse: Die Stute wies eine Neutrophilie, Lymphopenie, Hyperglykämie und Glukosurie auf. Die ACTH-Konzentration war auf 138,6 pg/ml erhöht. Der Dexamethason-Suppressionstest ergab eine gestörte Kortisolregulation. Die Hypophyse stellte sich im MRT kugelig vergrößert dar. Eine orale Behandlung mit 2 μg Pergolid/kg KM/d führte zur Symptomfreiheit. Die Halbwertszeit für Pergolid lag hier bei 6,8 Stunden. Innerhalb eines Jahres entwickelte die Stute ein gesteigertes Allgemeinverhalten mit rosseähnlichen Symptomen, sodass die Behandlung abgebrochen wurde. Zwei Monate später trat ein durch Hyperkortisolämie bedingter Schock auf, der zum Tod der Stute führte. Die Obduktion ergab ein Adenom des Hypophysenzwischenlappens. Klinische Relevanz und Schlussfolgerung: Der Dexamethason-Suppressionstest und die Bestimmung der ACTH-Konzentration stellten für die Diagnose des ECS hilfreiche Methoden dar. Mit dem MRT war der Hypophysentumor intra vitam hervorragend darstellbar. Allerdings eignet sich dieses Verfahren nicht für Routineuntersuchungen. Die orale Gabe von Pergolid erwies sich als eine wirksame Therapieform des ECS. Bei Langzeitanwendung ist jedoch mit Nebenwirkungen zu rechnen. Zur Reduktion der Nebenwirkungen könnte eine Gabe des Medikaments auf zwei Dosen pro Tag verteilt beitragen. ; Objective: In this study diagnostic options of equine Cushings’s disease and the follow up of long-term therapy with pergolide are discussed. Material and methods: A 13-year-old Quarter Horse mare was referred with conjunctivitis, sweating, polydipsia and polyuria. An analysis of blood (including ACTH concentration) and urine as well as the dexamethasone-suppression-test was performed. In addition a MRI examination of the pituitary gland took place. Pharmacokinetic parameters were determined after oral application of pergolide. Results: The mare showed neutrophilia, lymphopenia, hyperglycemia and glucosuria. The ACTH concentration was 138.6 pg/ml. Administration of dexamethasone resulted in a decreased suppression of plasma cortisol levels. A spherically increased pituitary gland could be shown by MRI. The horse was successfully treated with 2 μg pergolide/kg BW orally. The half-life time of pergolide was 6.8 hours. One year later the mare showed an increased general attitude with clinical estrus. Therefore the treatment was terminated. Two months later the horse developed hypercortisolemia with shock signs and died. The gross necropsy finding was an adenoma of the pituitary pars intermedia. Clinical relevance and conclusions: Dexamethason-suppression-test and evaluation of ACTH concentration are helpful methods for the diagnosis of equine Cushing’s disease. The MRI was excellently suitable for imaging of the pituitary tumor, but cannot be administered in routine practice. The therapy with pergolide was effective. However, a long-term treatment can cause adverse effects. Splitting the single dose in two applications daily might reduce these reactions.
Keywords	Pferd ; equines Cushing-Syndrom ; Dexamethason-Suppressionstest ; ACTH ; MRT ; Pergolid ; Horse ; Equine Cushing’s disease ; Dexamethasonesuppression-test ; ACTH ; MRI ; Pergolide
Language	German
Publishing date	2005-02-01
Publisher	Schattauer GmbH
Publishing place	Stuttgart ; New York
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	1395359-x
ISSN	2567-5834 ; 1434-1220
ISSN (online)	2567-5834
ISSN	1434-1220
DOI	10.1055/s-0038-1624094
Database	Thieme publisher's database

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Article: Isolation and culture of primary equine tracheal epithelial cells.

Shibeshi, Workineh / Abraham, Getu / Kneuer, Carsten / Ellenberger, Christin / Seeger, Johannes / Schoon, Heinz-Adolf / Ungemach, Fritz R

In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Animal

2008 Volume 44, Issue 7, Page(s) 179–184

Abstract: Culture of airway epithelial cells is a useful model to investigate physiology of airway epithelia and airway disease mechanisms. In vitro models of airway epithelial cells are established for various species. However, earlier published method for ... ...

Abstract	Culture of airway epithelial cells is a useful model to investigate physiology of airway epithelia and airway disease mechanisms. In vitro models of airway epithelial cells are established for various species. However, earlier published method for isolation and culture of equine tracheal epithelial cells requires significant improvements. In this report, the development of a procedure for efficient isolation, characterization, culture, and passage of primary equine tracheal epithelial cells are described. Epithelial cells were isolated from adult equine trachea by exposing and stripping the mucosal epithelium from the adjacent connective tissue and smooth muscle. The tissue was minced and dissociated enzymatically using 0.25% trypsin-ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) solution for 2 h at 37 degrees C. Cells were collected by sieving and centrifugation, and contaminating fibroblasts were removed by differential adhesion. This procedure resulted in a typical yield of 1 x 10(7) cytokeratin-positive epithelial cells per gram tracheal lining tissue. Viability was 95% by trypan blue exclusion and isolates contained approximately 94% cytokeratin-positive cells of epithelial origin. Cells seeded at a density of 6.9 x 10(4) cells/cm2 in serum-free airway epithelial cell growth medium formed monolayers near confluency within a week. Confluent cells were dissociated using dispase II and first passages (P1) and second passages (P2) were successfully established in serum-free medium. Collagen coating of tissue culture flask was not required for cell adhesion, and cultures could be maintained at the level of P2 over 30 d. In the present study, we could establish a high-yield protocol for isolation and culture of equine tracheal epithelial cells that can serve for in vitro/ex vivo studies on the (patho-)physiology of equine airway disease as well as pharmacological and toxicological targets relevant to airway diseases.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Cell Separation/methods ; Cells, Cultured ; Epithelial Cells/cytology ; Horses/metabolism ; Keratins/metabolism ; Trachea/cytology ; Vimentin/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Vimentin ; Keratins (68238-35-7)
Language	English
Publishing date	2008-07-02
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1077810-x
ISSN	1543-706X ; 1071-2690 ; 0883-8364
ISSN (online)	1543-706X
ISSN	1071-2690 ; 0883-8364
DOI	10.1007/s11626-008-9099-8
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