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  1. Article ; Online: Distal Colon Motor Dysfunction in Mice with Chronic Kidney Disease

    Elsa Hoibian / Nans Florens / Laetitia Koppe / Hubert Vidal / Christophe O. Soulage

    Toxins, Vol 10, Iss 5, p

    Putative Role of Uremic Toxins

    2018  Volume 204

    Abstract: Although gastrointestinal complications are a common feature of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), the impact of uremia on bowel motility remains poorly understood. The present study was, therefore, designed to investigate the impact of uremia ... ...

    Abstract Although gastrointestinal complications are a common feature of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), the impact of uremia on bowel motility remains poorly understood. The present study was, therefore, designed to investigate the impact of uremia on gut motility. Kidney failure was induced in mice by chemical nephrectomy using an adenine diet (0.25% w/w). Gastrointestinal transit time and colon motility were explored in vivo and ex vivo. Colons from control mice were incubated with uremic plasma or uremic toxins (urea, indoxyl-sulfate or p-cresyl-sulfate) at concentrations encountered in patients with end-stage renal disease. Mice fed an adenine diet for 3 weeks exhibited a 3-fold increase in plasma urea (p < 0.001) evidencing kidney failure. The median gastrointestinal transit time was doubled (1.8-fold, p < 0.001) while a reduction in colonic propulsive motility was observed in CKD mice (3-fold, p < 0.001). Colon from CKD mice exhibited an abnormal pattern of contraction associated with a blunted maximal force of contraction. Control colons incubated with plasma from hemodialysis patients exhibited a blunted level of maximal contraction (p < 0.01). Incubation with urea did not elicit any difference but incubation with indoxyl-sulfate or p-cresyl-sulfate decreased the maximal force of contraction (−66% and −55%, respectively. p < 0.01). Taken together, these data suggest that uremia impairs colon motility probably through the retention of uremic toxins. Colon dysmotility might contribute to the gastrointestinal symptoms often reported in patients with CKD.
    Keywords uremia ; chronic kidney disease ; gastrointestinal motility ; colon ; uremic toxins ; Medicine ; R
    Subject code 616
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-05-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  2. Article: General and Scalable Approach to Bright, Stable, and Functional AIE Fluorogen Colloidal Nanocrystals for in Vivo Imaging

    Yan, Xibo / Boudewijn Van der Sanden / Chantal Andraud / Christophe Soulage / Elsa Hoibian / François Ganachaud / Julien Bernard / Maxime Remond / Stéphane Chambert / Yann Bretonnière / Zheng Zheng

    ACS applied materials & interfaces. 2018 July 06, v. 10, no. 30

    2018  

    Abstract: Fluorescent nanoparticles built from aggregation-induced emission-active organic molecules (AIE-FONs) have emerged as powerful tools in life science research for in vivo bioimaging of organs, biosensing, and therapy. However, the practical use of such ... ...

    Abstract Fluorescent nanoparticles built from aggregation-induced emission-active organic molecules (AIE-FONs) have emerged as powerful tools in life science research for in vivo bioimaging of organs, biosensing, and therapy. However, the practical use of such biotracers has been hindered owing to the difficulty of designing bright nanoparticles with controlled dimensions (typically below 200 nm), narrow size dispersity and long shelf stability. In this article, we present a very simple yet effective approach to produce monodisperse sub-200 nm AIE fluorescent organic solid dispersions with excellent redispersibility and colloidal stability in aqueous medium by combination of nanoprecipitation and freeze-drying procedures. By selecting polymer additives that simultaneously act as stabilizers, promoters of amorphous–crystalline transition, and functionalization/cross-linking platforms, we demonstrate a straightforward access to stable nanocrystalline FONs that exhibit significantly higher brightness than their amorphous precursors and constitute efficient probes for in vivo imaging of the normal and tumor vasculature. FONs design principles reported here are universal, applicable to a range of fluorophores with different chemical structures and crystallization abilities, and are suitable for high-throughput production and manufacturing of functional imaging probes.
    Keywords additives ; chemical structure ; crystallization ; dispersions ; fluorescence ; fluorescent dyes ; freeze drying ; image analysis ; manufacturing ; nanocrystals ; nanoparticles ; polymers ; stabilizers ; therapeutics
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2018-0706
    Size p. 25154-25165.
    Publishing place American Chemical Society
    Document type Article
    ISSN 1944-8252
    DOI 10.1021/acsami.8b07859
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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