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  1. Article: Sponges facilitate primary producers in a Bahamas seagrass system

    Archer, Stephanie K. / English, Philina A. / Campanino, Finella M. / Layman, Craig A.

    Marine biology. 2021 Nov., v. 168, no. 11

    2021  

    Abstract: Seagrass beds are important coastal ecosystems worldwide that are shaped by facilitative interactions. Consequently, it is important to identify which taxa facilitate seagrasses. In other ecosystems, sponges contribute to the maintenance of diverse and ... ...

    Abstract Seagrass beds are important coastal ecosystems worldwide that are shaped by facilitative interactions. Consequently, it is important to identify which taxa facilitate seagrasses. In other ecosystems, sponges contribute to the maintenance of diverse and productive systems through their facilitation of foundation species (e.g., mangroves) and the retention and recycling of energy and nutrients. Sponges are common in tropical and subtropical seagrass beds, yet we know little about how their presence impacts these communities. Here, we examine the impact of the sponge Ircinia felix on primary producers in a Thalassia testudinum dominated seagrass bed using a long-term field experiment in The Bahamas. We transplanted live sponges into the center of 5 × 5 m plots and monitored the response of seagrasses and macroalgae. Sponge presence increased seagrass nutrient content and growth, as well as the abundance of macroalgae and non-dominant seagrass species (Syringodium filiforme and Halodule wrightii). These changes were not seen in the control (unmanipulated) or structure (where we placed a polypropylene sponge replica) plots. We conclude that I. felix facilitates seagrass bed primary producers in oligotrophic systems, likely due to nutrients supplied by the sponge. Our study shows that sponges can have a positive influence on seagrass bed foundation species. Since recent theoretical work emphasizes the potential for facilitative interactions involving foundation species to be destabilized in the face of anthropogenic change, further work, is needed to understand how this facilitation impacts the stability of seagrass beds in areas where human activities have increased ambient nutrient levels.
    Keywords Halodule wrightii ; Ircinia ; Thalassia testudinum ; energy ; field experimentation ; macroalgae ; nutrient content ; polypropylenes ; seagrasses ; Bahamas
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2021-11
    Size p. 162.
    Publishing place Springer Berlin Heidelberg
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 1117-4
    ISSN 1432-1793 ; 0025-3162
    ISSN (online) 1432-1793
    ISSN 0025-3162
    DOI 10.1007/s00227-021-03977-x
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  2. Article ; Online: Factors affecting the seasonal distribution and biomass of E. pacifica and T. spinifera along the Pacific coast of Canada: A spatiotemporal modelling approach.

    Evans, Rhian / English, Philina A / Anderson, Sean C / Gauthier, Stéphane / Robinson, Clifford L K

    PloS one

    2021  Volume 16, Issue 5, Page(s) e0249818

    Abstract: Euphausiids are a keystone species in coastal food webs due to their high lipid content and seasonally high biomass. Understanding the habitat and environmental drivers that lead to areas of high biomass, or 'hotspots', and their seasonal persistence, ... ...

    Abstract Euphausiids are a keystone species in coastal food webs due to their high lipid content and seasonally high biomass. Understanding the habitat and environmental drivers that lead to areas of high biomass, or 'hotspots', and their seasonal persistence, will support the identification of important foraging regions for mid- and upper- trophic level predators. We quantify the distribution of hotspots of the two dominant species of euphausiid in the north-east Pacific Ocean: Euphausia pacifica and Thysanoessa spinifera, as well as euphausiid larvae (mixed species). The Canadian coast encompasses the northern California Current Ecosystem and the transition zone to the Alaska current, and is a highly productive region for fisheries, marine mammals, and seabirds. We used spatiotemporal modelling to predict the distribution of these three euphausiid groups in relation to geomorphic and environmental variables during the important spring-summer months (April through September) when euphausiid biomass is highest. We quantified the area, intensity, and persistence of biomass hotspots across months according to specific oceanographic ecosections developed for marine spatial planning purposes. Persistent hotspots of both adult species were predicted to occur along the 200 m depth contour of the continental slope; however, differences were predicted on the shallower Dixon shelf, which was a key area for T. spinifera, and within the Juan de Fuca Eddy system where E. pacifica hotspots occurred. The continental slope along the west coast of Vancouver Island was the only persistent hotspot region common between both adult species and euphausiid larvae. Larval distribution was more correlated with T. spinifera than E. pacifica biomass. Hotspots of adults were more persistent across months than hotspots of euphausiid larvae, which were seasonally patchy. The persistence of biomass hotspots of forage species through periods of low overall biomass could maintain trophic connectivity through perturbation events and increase ecosystem resilience to climate change.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Biomass ; Canada ; Climate Change ; Ecosystem ; Euphausiacea/growth & development
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-05-14
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2267670-3
    ISSN 1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
    ISSN (online) 1932-6203
    ISSN 1932-6203
    DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0249818
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article: Nightjars may adjust breeding phenology to compensate for mismatches between moths and moonlight.

    English, Philina A / Nocera, Joseph J / Green, David J

    Ecology and evolution

    2018  Volume 8, Issue 11, Page(s) 5515–5529

    Abstract: Phenology match-mismatch usually refers to the extent of an organism's ability to match reproduction with peaks in food availability, but when mismatch occurs, it may indicate a response to another selective pressure. We assess the value of matching ... ...

    Abstract Phenology match-mismatch usually refers to the extent of an organism's ability to match reproduction with peaks in food availability, but when mismatch occurs, it may indicate a response to another selective pressure. We assess the value of matching reproductive timing to multiple selective pressures for a migratory lunarphilic aerial insectivore bird, the whip-poor-will (
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-04-27
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2635675-2
    ISSN 2045-7758
    ISSN 2045-7758
    DOI 10.1002/ece3.4077
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  4. Article: Contrasting climate velocity impacts in warm and cool locations show that effects of marine warming are worse in already warmer temperate waters

    English, Philina A. / Ward, Eric J. / Rooper, Christopher N. / Forrest, Robyn E. / Rogers, Luke A. / Hunter, Karen L. / Edwards, Andrew M. / Connors, Brendan M. / Anderson, Sean C.

    Fish and fisheries. 2022 Jan., v. 23, no. 1

    2022  

    Abstract: Species responses to climate change are often measured at broad spatiotemporal scales, which can miss the fine‐scale changes that are most relevant to conservation and fisheries management. We develop a scaleable geostatistical approach to assess how ... ...

    Abstract Species responses to climate change are often measured at broad spatiotemporal scales, which can miss the fine‐scale changes that are most relevant to conservation and fisheries management. We develop a scaleable geostatistical approach to assess how juvenile and adult fish distributions have been shaped by changes in bottom temperature and dissolved oxygen over a recent decade of warming in the northeast Pacific. Across 38 demersal fishes, biomass trends were associated negatively with warming and positively with dissolved oxygen, but when trends in both biomass and climate were converted to velocities—the speed and direction a population would have to move to maintain consistent conditions—the effect of temperature change differed depending on local conditions. In the warmest locations, warming velocities were associated with negative biotic velocities for 19 of 69 species‐maturity combinations, and yet were almost always associated with stable or positive biotic velocities in the coolest locations (64 of 69). These spatially consistent biomass declines (negative biotic velocities) in the warmest locations and increases in cooler locations suggest a redistribution of species with the potential for new ecological and fisheries interactions. After controlling for temperature, the more spatially consistent effects of dissolved oxygen were often negative, suggesting a mechanism other than hypoxia avoidance—potentially changes in primary production. Our approach identifies the species and locations that are most sensitive to observed changes in the environment at any scale, thus facilitating future vulnerability assessments.
    Keywords adults ; biomass ; climate ; climate change ; dissolved oxygen ; geostatistics ; hypoxia ; juveniles ; primary productivity ; temperature
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2022-01
    Size p. 239-255.
    Publishing place John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
    Document type Article
    Note JOURNAL ARTICLE
    ZDB-ID 2024569-5
    ISSN 1467-2979 ; 1467-2960
    ISSN (online) 1467-2979
    ISSN 1467-2960
    DOI 10.1111/faf.12613
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  5. Article: Robin's egg blue: does egg color influence male parental care

    English, Philina A / Montgomerie, Robert

    Behavioral ecology and sociobiology. 2011 May, v. 65, no. 5

    2011  

    Abstract: A recent hypothesis suggests that birds' blue-green egg colors may be a sexually selected signal of female (and potentially nestling) quality that males use to make parental investment decisions. While there is some empirical support for this idea, both ... ...

    Abstract A recent hypothesis suggests that birds' blue-green egg colors may be a sexually selected signal of female (and potentially nestling) quality that males use to make parental investment decisions. While there is some empirical support for this idea, both theory and observations question its validity. To test this hypothesis experimentally, we examined the influence of egg color on male American robin Turdus migratorius behavior by replacing natural clutches with four artificial eggs that were all either pale or vividly colored, close to the extremes in natural egg coloration. At the end of the incubation period, three unrelated nestlings were fostered into each experimental nest, and parental provisioning behavior was monitored when nestlings were 3, 6, and 9 days old. Male provisioning rate for 3-day-old nestlings was significantly higher in the vivid egg treatment compared to both the pale egg treatment and untreated controls, but there was no effect of egg color on paternal behavior at the older nestling stages. Male feeding rate at unmanipulated nests was only weakly positively related to natural egg color (chroma) when nestlings were 3 days old. These results suggest that blue-green egg color may act as a post-mating signal of female quality or investment in this species, but our findings do not exclude the possibility that egg color pigmentation also serves other adaptive functions.
    Keywords Turdus migratorius ; birds ; color ; eggs ; males ; nests ; paternal behavior
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2011-05
    Size p. 1029-1036.
    Publisher Springer-Verlag
    Publishing place Berlin/Heidelberg
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 194510-5
    ISSN 1432-0762 ; 0340-5443
    ISSN (online) 1432-0762
    ISSN 0340-5443
    DOI 10.1007/s00265-010-1107-9
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  6. Article: Habitat and food supply across multiple spatial scales influence the distribution and abundance of a nocturnal aerial insectivore

    English, Philina A / Bruce A. Pond / David J. Green / Joseph J. Nocera

    Landscape ecology. 2017 Feb., v. 32, no. 2

    2017  

    Abstract: CONTEXT: Conservation research often focuses on individual threats at a single spatial scale, but population declines can result from multiple stressors occurring at different spatial scales. Analyses incorporating alternative hypotheses across spatial ... ...

    Abstract CONTEXT: Conservation research often focuses on individual threats at a single spatial scale, but population declines can result from multiple stressors occurring at different spatial scales. Analyses incorporating alternative hypotheses across spatial scales allow more robust evaluation of the ecological processes underlying population declines. OBJECTIVES: Populations of many aerially insectivorous birds are declining, yet conservation efforts remain focused on habitat due to an absence of data on changes in prey availability. We evaluate the potential for prey and habitat availability at multiple spatial scales to influence a population of eastern whip-poor-wills (Antrostomus vociferous). METHODS: We assess relationships between landcover (topographical map and satellite imagery) and insect abundance (moths and beetles from blacklight traps), and whip-poor-will distribution and abundance within eastern Canada using Ontario breeding bird atlas data (1980s and 2000s), acoustic recordings (regional), and point counts (local). RESULTS: Whip-poor-will occurrence in both atlas time periods was positively associated with forest area and fragmentation, but only a delayed effect of urban area explained reductions in detection. Contemporary regional whip-poor-will presence was positively related to moth abundance, and local whip-poor-will abundance was best predicted by area of open-canopy forest, anthropogenic linear disturbance density, and beetle abundance. Our finding that bird presence and abundance were associated with human activity and insect abundance across spatial scales suggests factors beyond habitat structure are likely driving population declines in whip-poor-wills and other aerial insectivores. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates the importance of examining multiple hypotheses, including seasonally and locally variable food availability, across a range of spatial scales to direct conservation efforts.
    Keywords acoustics ; birds ; blacklight traps ; breeding ; Coleoptera ; food availability ; forests ; habitats ; humans ; insectivores ; land cover ; moths ; population dynamics ; remote sensing ; topographic maps ; urban areas ; Ontario
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2017-02
    Size p. 343-359.
    Publishing place Springer Netherlands
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 1027798-5
    ISSN 1572-9761 ; 0921-2973
    ISSN (online) 1572-9761
    ISSN 0921-2973
    DOI 10.1007/s10980-016-0454-y
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  7. Article: Global COVID-19 lockdown highlights humans as both threats and custodians of the environment.

    Bates, Amanda E / Primack, Richard B / Biggar, Brandy S / Bird, Tomas J / Clinton, Mary E / Command, Rylan J / Richards, Cerren / Shellard, Marc / Geraldi, Nathan R / Vergara, Valeria / Acevedo-Charry, Orlando / Colón-Piñeiro, Zuania / Ocampo, David / Ocampo-Peñuela, Natalia / Sánchez-Clavijo, Lina M / Adamescu, Cristian M / Cheval, Sorin / Racoviceanu, Tudor / Adams, Matthew D /
    Kalisa, Egide / Kuuire, Vincent Z / Aditya, Vikram / Anderwald, Pia / Wiesmann, Samuel / Wipf, Sonja / Badihi, Gal / Henderson, Matthew G / Loetscher, Hanspeter / Baerenfaller, Katja / Benedetti-Cecchi, Lisandro / Bulleri, Fabio / Bertocci, Iacopo / Maggi, Elena / Rindi, Luca / Ravaglioli, Chiara / Boerder, Kristina / Bonnel, Julien / Mathias, Delphine / Archambault, Philippe / Chauvaud, Laurent / Braun, Camrin D / Thorrold, Simon R / Brownscombe, Jacob W / Midwood, Jonathan D / Boston, Christine M / Brooks, Jill L / Cooke, Steven J / China, Victor / Roll, Uri / Belmaker, Jonathan / Zvuloni, Assaf / Coll, Marta / Ortega, Miquel / Connors, Brendan / Lacko, Lisa / Jayathilake, Dinusha R M / Costello, Mark J / Crimmins, Theresa M / Barnett, LoriAnne / Denny, Ellen G / Gerst, Katharine L / Marsh, R L / Posthumus, Erin E / Rodriguez, Reilly / Rosemartin, Alyssa / Schaffer, Sara N / Switzer, Jeff R / Wong, Kevin / Cunningham, Susan J / Sumasgutner, Petra / Amar, Arjun / Thomson, Robert L / Stofberg, Miqkayla / Hofmeyr, Sally / Suri, Jessleena / Stuart-Smith, Rick D / Day, Paul B / Edgar, Graham J / Cooper, Antonia T / De Leo, Fabio Cabrera / Garner, Grant / Des Brisay, Paulson G / Schrimpf, Michael B / Koper, Nicola / Diamond, Michael S / Dwyer, Ross G / Baker, Cameron J / Franklin, Craig E / Efrat, Ron / Berger-Tal, Oded / Hatzofe, Ohad / Eguíluz, Víctor M / Rodríguez, Jorge P / Fernández-Gracia, Juan / Elustondo, David / Calatayud, Vicent / English, Philina A / Archer, Stephanie K / Dudas, Sarah E / Haggarty, Dana R / Gallagher, Austin J / Shea, Brendan D / Shipley, Oliver N / Gilby, Ben L / Ballantyne, Jasmine / Olds, Andrew D / Henderson, Christopher J / Schlacher, Thomas A / Halliday, William D / Brown, Nicholas A W / Woods, Mackenzie B / Balshine, Sigal / Juanes, Francis / Rider, Mitchell J / Albano, Patricia S / Hammerschlag, Neil / Hays, Graeme C / Esteban, Nicole / Pan, Yuhang / He, Guojun / Tanaka, Takanao / Hensel, Marc J S / Orth, Robert J / Patrick, Christopher J / Hentati-Sundberg, Jonas / Olsson, Olof / Hessing-Lewis, Margot L / Higgs, Nicholas D / Hindell, Mark A / McMahon, Clive R / Harcourt, Rob / Guinet, Christophe / Hirsch, Sarah E / Perrault, Justin R / Hoover, Shelby R / Reilly, Jennifer D / Hobaiter, Catherine / Gruber, Thibaud / Huveneers, Charlie / Udyawer, Vinay / Clarke, Thomas M / Kroesen, Laura P / Hik, David S / Cherry, Seth G / Del Bel Belluz, Justin A / Jackson, Jennifer M / Lai, Shengjie / Lamb, Clayton T / LeClair, Gregory D / Parmelee, Jeffrey R / Chatfield, Matthew W H / Frederick, Cheryl A / Lee, Sangdon / Park, Hyomin / Choi, Jaein / LeTourneux, Frédéric / Grandmont, Thierry / de-Broin, Frédéric Dulude / Bêty, Joël / Gauthier, Gilles / Legagneux, Pierre / Lewis, Jesse S / Haight, Jeffrey / Liu, Zhu / Lyon, Jarod P / Hale, Robin / D'Silva, Dallas / MacGregor-Fors, Ian / Arbeláez-Cortés, Enrique / Estela, Felipe A / Sánchez-Sarria, Camilo E / García-Arroyo, Michelle / Aguirre-Samboní, Giann K / Franco Morales, Juan C / Malamud, Shahar / Gavriel, Tal / Buba, Yehezkel / Salingré, Shira / Lazarus, Mai / Yahel, Ruthy / Ari, Yigael Ben / Miller, Eyal / Sade, Rotem / Lavian, Guy / Birman, Ziv / Gury, Manor / Baz, Harel / Baskin, Ilia / Penn, Alon / Dolev, Amit / Licht, Ogen / Karkom, Tabi / Davidzon, Sharon / Berkovitch, Avi / Yaakov, Ofer / Manenti, Raoul / Mori, Emiliano / Ficetola, Gentile Francesco / Lunghi, Enrico / March, David / Godley, Brendan J / Martin, Cecilia / Mihaly, Steven F / Barclay, David R / Thomson, Dugald J M / Dewey, Richard / Bedard, Jeannette / Miller, Aroha / Dearden, Amber / Chapman, Jennifer / Dares, Lauren / Borden, Laura / Gibbs, Donna / Schultz, Jessica / Sergeenko, Nikita / Francis, Fiona / Weltman, Amanda / Moity, Nicolas / Ramírez-González, Jorge / Mucientes, Gonzalo / Alonso-Fernández, Alexandre / Namir, Itai / Bar-Massada, Avi / Chen, Ron / Yedvab, Shmulik / Okey, Thomas A / Oppel, Steffen / Arkumarev, Volen / Bakari, Samuel / Dobrev, Vladimir / Saravia-Mullin, Victoria / Bounas, Anastasios / Dobrev, Dobromir / Kret, Elzbieta / Mengistu, Solomon / Pourchier, Cloé / Ruffo, Alazar / Tesfaye, Million / Wondafrash, Mengistu / Nikolov, Stoyan C / Palmer, Charles / Sileci, Lorenzo / Rex, Patrick T / Lowe, Christopher G / Peters, Francesc / Pine, Matthew K / Radford, Craig A / Wilson, Louise / McWhinnie, Lauren / Scuderi, Alessia / Jeffs, Andrew G / Prudic, Kathleen L / Larrivée, Maxim / McFarland, Kent P / Solis, Rodrigo / Hutchinson, Rebecca A / Queiroz, Nuno / Furtado, Miguel A / Sims, David W / Southall, Emily / Quesada-Rodriguez, Claudio A / Diaz-Orozco, Jessica P / Rodgers, Ku'ulei S / Severino, Sarah J L / Graham, Andrew T / Stefanak, Matthew P / Madin, Elizabeth M P / Ryan, Peter G / Maclean, Kyle / Weideman, Eleanor A / Şekercioğlu, Çağan H / Kittelberger, Kyle D / Kusak, Josip / Seminoff, Jeffrey A / Hanna, Megan E / Shimada, Takahiro / Meekan, Mark G / Smith, Martin K S / Mokhatla, Mohlamatsane M / Soh, Malcolm C K / Pang, Roanna Y T / Ng, Breyl X K / Lee, Benjamin P Y-H / Loo, Adrian H B / Er, Kenneth B H / Souza, Gabriel B G / Stallings, Christopher D / Curtis, Joseph S / Faletti, Meaghan E / Peake, Jonathan A / Schram, Michael J / Wall, Kara R / Terry, Carina / Rothendler, Matt / Zipf, Lucy / Ulloa, Juan Sebastián / Hernández-Palma, Angélica / Gómez-Valencia, Bibiana / Cruz-Rodríguez, Cristian / Herrera-Varón, Yenifer / Roa, Margarita / Rodríguez-Buriticá, Susana / Ochoa-Quintero, Jose Manuel / Vardi, Reut / Vázquez, Víctor / Requena-Mesa, Christian / Warrington, Miyako H / Taylor, Michelle E / Woodall, Lucy C / Stefanoudis, Paris V / Zhang, Xiangliang / Yang, Qiang / Zukerman, Yuval / Sigal, Zehava / Ayali, Amir / Clua, Eric E G / Carzon, Pamela / Seguine, Clementine / Corradini, Andrea / Pedrotti, Luca / Foley, Catherine M / Gagnon, Catherine Alexandra / Panipakoochoo, Elijah / Milanes, Celene B / Botero, Camilo M / Velázquez, Yunior R / Milchakova, Nataliya A / Morley, Simon A / Martin, Stephanie M / Nanni, Veronica / Otero, Tanya / Wakeling, Julia / Abarro, Sarah / Piou, Cyril / Sobral, Ana F L / Soto, Eulogio H / Weigel, Emily G / Bernal-Ibáñez, Alejandro / Gestoso, Ignacio / Cacabelos, Eva / Cagnacci, Francesca / Devassy, Reny P / Loretto, Matthias-Claudio / Moraga, Paula / Rutz, Christian / Duarte, Carlos M

    Biological conservation

    2021  Volume 263, Page(s) 109175

    Abstract: The global lockdown to mitigate COVID-19 pandemic health risks has altered human interactions with nature. Here, we report immediate impacts of changes in human activities on wildlife and environmental threats during the early lockdown months of 2020, ... ...

    Abstract The global lockdown to mitigate COVID-19 pandemic health risks has altered human interactions with nature. Here, we report immediate impacts of changes in human activities on wildlife and environmental threats during the early lockdown months of 2020, based on 877 qualitative reports and 332 quantitative assessments from 89 different studies. Hundreds of reports of unusual species observations from around the world suggest that animals quickly responded to the reductions in human presence. However, negative effects of lockdown on conservation also emerged, as confinement resulted in some park officials being unable to perform conservation, restoration and enforcement tasks, resulting in local increases in illegal activities such as hunting. Overall, there is a complex mixture of positive and negative effects of the pandemic lockdown on nature, all of which have the potential to lead to cascading responses which in turn impact wildlife and nature conservation. While the net effect of the lockdown will need to be assessed over years as data becomes available and persistent effects emerge, immediate responses were detected across the world. Thus, initial qualitative and quantitative data arising from this serendipitous global quasi-experimental perturbation highlights the dual role that humans play in threatening and protecting species and ecosystems. Pathways to favorably tilt this delicate balance include reducing impacts and increasing conservation effectiveness.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-05-20
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 0006-3207
    ISSN 0006-3207
    DOI 10.1016/j.biocon.2021.109175
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