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  1. Article ; Online: Treatment of Mycoplasma genitalium infection in pregnancy: A systematic review of international guidelines.

    Drew, Richard J / Eogan, Maeve

    International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics

    2024  

    Abstract: Background: Mycoplasma genitalium is an emerging pathogen, which has been linked to cervicitis, urethritis and pelvic inflammatory disease (PID). With the advent of multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) panels for sexually transmitted infections, it ...

    Abstract Background: Mycoplasma genitalium is an emerging pathogen, which has been linked to cervicitis, urethritis and pelvic inflammatory disease (PID). With the advent of multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) panels for sexually transmitted infections, it is increasingly being identified in pregnant women.
    Objectives: The aim was to review international guidelines, which had explicit recommendations for treatment of M. genitalium infection in pregnancy and breastfeeding.
    Search strategy: PubMed, EMBASE and Cochrane databases were reviewed with no age, species, language or date restrictions.
    Selection criteria: Studies were included if they had an explicit recommendation for treatment of M. genitalium in pregnancy. Studies were excluded if there was no recommendation in pregnancy, if they referred to other international guideline recommendations or were historical versions of guidelines.
    Data collection and analysis: References were manually reviewed and 50 papers were selected for review. Only four guidelines were included in the final analysis and they were from Europe, UK, Australia and Aotearoa New Zealand.
    Main results: All studies recommended azithromycin as first-line treatment, and advised against moxifloxacin use. The dosing schedule of azithromycin, varied between guidelines, as did the utility/safety of pristinamycin for macrolide resistant infections. Safety data was generally reassuring for azithromycin but inconsistent for pristinamycin.
    Conclusions: Azithromycin is the first-line treatment for macrolide susceptible or unknown resistance infections, but there is a lack of consistency regarding dosing of azithromycin or the utility/safety of pristinamycin for macrolide resistant infections in pregnancy/lactation.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-15
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 80149-5
    ISSN 1879-3479 ; 0020-7292
    ISSN (online) 1879-3479
    ISSN 0020-7292
    DOI 10.1002/ijgo.15469
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Female adolescent sexual assault; a national review of 1014 consecutive cases.

    Kane, Daniel / Eogan, Maeve

    Journal of forensic and legal medicine

    2023  Volume 101, Page(s) 102613

    Abstract: Background: Sexual violence is common in contemporary society and disproportionally affects adolescents. In order to develop effective treatment, awareness and prevention strategies it is vital that we understand the epidemiology of adolescent sexual ... ...

    Abstract Background: Sexual violence is common in contemporary society and disproportionally affects adolescents. In order to develop effective treatment, awareness and prevention strategies it is vital that we understand the epidemiology of adolescent sexual assault (SA). The aim of this study is to evaluate attendances by female adolescents to the national sexual assault treatment unit (SATU) network in the Republic of Ireland and compare these attendances with adult women accessing the service.
    Methods: This is a cross-sectional study analysing the attendances of all adolescent female attendances at the 6 SATUs in the Republic of Ireland and comparing them with all adult female attendances between 1/1/2017 and 31/12/2022.
    Results: There were 1014 female adolescent attendances and 3951 female adult attendances over the timeframe studied. Adult attenders were more likely to attend within 7-days of the alleged assault compared with adolescent attenders (80.3% V 70.2% OR1.513 CI 1.35-1.697 p < 0.001). When compared with adult attenders, adolescent attenders were significantly more likely to disclose being assaulted outdoors (40.9% V 15.7% OR2.607 CI 2.346-2.898 p < 0.01), during the day (58.4% V 34.4% OR1.673 CI 1.565-1.790 p < 0.01), assaulted by a friend/family member (28.9% V 16% OR 1.812 CI1.603-2.049 p < 0.01) and less likely to have consumed alcohol prior to the incident (45.6% V 25.3% OR1.807 CI 1.653-1.975 p < 0.001). Physical injuries were less likely in adolescent attenders (30% V 35.5% OR0.845 CI 0.758-0.942 p = 0.02).
    Conclusion: A comparison of the characteristics of adolescent and adult female sexual assault disclosures identifies differences regarding location of the incident, relationship to perpetrator and prevalence of alcohol consumption. Knowledge of these factors support appropriate tailoring of treatment, prevention and awareness strategies to help modify the impact and reduce the incidence of SA in the vulnerable adolescent cohort.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Humans ; Adolescent ; Female ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Sex Offenses ; Crime Victims ; Alcohol Drinking/epidemiology ; Family
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-11-08
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2268721-X
    ISSN 1878-7487 ; 1752-928X
    ISSN (online) 1878-7487
    ISSN 1752-928X
    DOI 10.1016/j.jflm.2023.102613
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  3. Article ; Online: Female perpetrated sexual assault: a review of attendances to the national sexual assault treatment units in the Republic of Ireland.

    Kane, Daniel / Eogan, Maeve

    International journal of legal medicine

    2023  Volume 138, Issue 3, Page(s) 1157–1164

    Abstract: Background: Female perpetrated sexual assault is under-represented in sexual assault research, and indeed possibly an underreported crime. The aim of this study is to address the lack of comprehensive data in relation to female perpetrated sexual ... ...

    Abstract Background: Female perpetrated sexual assault is under-represented in sexual assault research, and indeed possibly an underreported crime. The aim of this study is to address the lack of comprehensive data in relation to female perpetrated sexual assault attendances to the national sexual assault treatment unit network in the Republic of Ireland.
    Methods: This is a cross-sectional study analysing the attendances of female perpetrated sexual assault attendances at the six sexual assault treatment units in the Republic of Ireland between 1 January 2017 and 31 December 2022.
    Results: There were 95 attendances where the assailant (or one of the assailants) was identified as female. 62% (n=59) of these attendances involved a solo female assailant, 3.2% (n=3) where it was a multiple assailant assault with only female assailants and 34.7% (n=33) cases with male and female assailants. 74.7% (n=71) of victims identified as female, 24.2% (n=23) as male and 1.1% (n=1) as 'other'. The average age of attenders was 27.0 ± 10.7 years old. 54.7% (n=52) of attendances were within 72 hours of the assault. 52.6% (n=50) of these underwent a forensic examination. 30.5% (n=29) of incidents occurred in the assailant's home. 23% of assailants were described as a friend of the victim/survivor. 34.7% (n=33) sustained bodily injuries (genital and/or extra-genital).
    Conclusion: Female perpetrated sexual assault is a distinct entity when analysing attendances to the national sexual assault treatment unit network, representing just under 2% of all attendances. We have shown that those who experience these assaults are likely to be female, be assaulted by a single female perpetrator who is known to them and attend a sexual assault treatment unit within 72 hours of the assault. Awareness of the characteristics of these attendances will ultimately allow us to develop appropriate supports for these victims/survivors and to raise awareness of this type of crime.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Male ; Female ; Adolescent ; Young Adult ; Adult ; Ireland/epidemiology ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Sex Offenses ; Crime Victims ; Rape
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-12-14
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Review ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1055109-8
    ISSN 1437-1596 ; 0937-9827
    ISSN (online) 1437-1596
    ISSN 0937-9827
    DOI 10.1007/s00414-023-03134-7
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Post-exposure prophylaxis, STI testing and factors associated with follow-up attendance: a review of 4159 cases of acute post-sexual assault medical care.

    Kane, Daniel / Holmes, Andrea / Eogan, Maeve

    Sexually transmitted infections

    2024  Volume 100, Issue 1, Page(s) 39–44

    Abstract: Background: Sexual assault (SA) is a prevalent issue with enduring consequences. Post-SA medical care mainly focuses on injuries, sexually transmitted infection (STI) prevention and detection, as well as preventing unwanted pregnancies. Swift access to ... ...

    Abstract Background: Sexual assault (SA) is a prevalent issue with enduring consequences. Post-SA medical care mainly focuses on injuries, sexually transmitted infection (STI) prevention and detection, as well as preventing unwanted pregnancies. Swift access to post-SA medical care is vital with sexual assault treatment units (SATUs) streamlining this care. The primary aim of our study is to report on post-SA care provided at the national SATU network in Ireland with a secondary aim of analysing factors associated with follow-up attendance for STI testing.
    Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study of all acute attendances (<7 days from incident) at the national SATU network between 1 January 2017 to 31 December 2022.
    Results: A total of 4159 acute cases presented during the study period. Emergency contraception (EC) was administered to 53.8% (n=1899/3529) of cases, while postexposure prophylaxis (PEP) for chlamydia was given in 75.1% (n=3124/4159) and for HIV in 11.0% (n=304/3387). Hepatitis B vaccination was initiated in 53.7% (n=2233/4159) of cases. 1.4% (n=59/4159) of the attendees were referred to an emergency department for the treatment of injuries. Follow-up appointments were scheduled for 75.8% (3151/4159) of acute cases. 71.6% (n=2257/3151) attended follow-up.Certain factors were found to correlate with a higher likelihood of attending follow-up appointments: adolescents (p<0.0001), concern about drug-facilitated SA (DFSA) (p=0.01), no consumption of recreational drugs before the incident (p<0.0001), alcohol consumption prior to the incident (p=0.01), and not reporting the crime to the police (p<0.001). However, gender (p=0.06) and the presence of injury at time of primary attendance (p=0.97) were not predictive of likelihood of follow-up attendance.
    Conclusion: This study demonstrates that EC, chlamydia PEP, HIV PEP and hepatitis B vaccination were all administered at SATU. A small proportion of attenders required emergency injury care. Factors influencing attendance at follow-up include age, drug use, alcohol use and police involvement, highlighting the need for tailored patient-centred support.
    MeSH term(s) Pregnancy ; Female ; Adolescent ; Humans ; Retrospective Studies ; Follow-Up Studies ; Post-Exposure Prophylaxis ; Sexually Transmitted Diseases/diagnosis ; Sexually Transmitted Diseases/epidemiology ; Sexually Transmitted Diseases/prevention & control ; Sex Offenses ; HIV Infections/diagnosis ; HIV Infections/epidemiology ; HIV Infections/prevention & control ; Hepatitis B/diagnosis ; Hepatitis B/epidemiology ; Hepatitis B/prevention & control
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-17
    Publishing country England
    Document type Review ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1420303-0
    ISSN 1472-3263 ; 1368-4973
    ISSN (online) 1472-3263
    ISSN 1368-4973
    DOI 10.1136/sextrans-2023-055980
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Male patient attendances at Sexual Assault Treatment Units in Ireland: An analysis of 381 cases and a comparison with female patients.

    Kane, Daniel / Kennedy, Kieran M / Flood, Karen / Eogan, Maeve

    Journal of forensic and legal medicine

    2024  Volume 102, Page(s) 102643

    Abstract: Background: Sexual violence is a crime that affects people of all genders. While focus is frequently on female survivors, it is crucial to acknowledge that males also experience sexual violence and to ensure that gender-sensitive services are available ... ...

    Abstract Background: Sexual violence is a crime that affects people of all genders. While focus is frequently on female survivors, it is crucial to acknowledge that males also experience sexual violence and to ensure that gender-sensitive services are available to all survivors. Understanding the prevalence of, and factors associated with, sexual violence against males is a critical first step in addressing this issue. We aim to address the lack of data in relation to sexual violence against males.
    Methods: A cross-sectional study of all male attendances at 6 Sexual Assault Treatment Units (SATU) in the Republic of Ireland over a 6-year period and, where applicable, comparison with corresponding female attendances.
    Results: There were 381 male attendances with an average age of 28.5 years over the study period, representing 7 % of all SATU patients. There was a 24 % increase in male attendances during the study period. 39.1 % presented within 24 h of the assault. 61.9 % reported the crime to the police. Employment status included 37.3 % employed, 24.9 % unemployed, and 26.2 % students, with 86.7 % being Irish nationals. Most incidents occurred on weekdays (53.3 %) and at night (56.7 %). Referrals were primarily from police (55.9 %), and psychological support was provided in 62.3 % of cases. Alcohol (60.4 %) and illicit drugs (20.5 %) were reported before assaults. 18.6 % suspected drug-facilitated assaults. Male assailants constituted 90.1 %, with 13.9 % involving multiple assailants. Male attenders were significantly more likely than females to be assaulted in their assailant's home and to be assaulted by more than one assailant. They were significantly less likely than females to report the crime to the police or to have consumed alcohol.
    Conclusion: To our knowledge, this is one of the largest case series of male patients attending a sexual assault treatment service to be published in the international literature. Male patients are a distinct group that are increasingly accessing SATU services. Significant differences exist between male and female patients' reported experiences of sexual violence. Knowledge of these factors will support appropriate tailoring of treatment & service provision, prevention and awareness strategies to help modify the impact and reduce the incidence of sexual violence in this cohort.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Male ; Female ; Adult ; Ireland/epidemiology ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Sex Offenses ; Crime Victims ; Employment
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-09
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2268721-X
    ISSN 1878-7487 ; 1752-928X
    ISSN (online) 1878-7487
    ISSN 1752-928X
    DOI 10.1016/j.jflm.2024.102643
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: General practice trainees' understanding of post-sexual assault care: the impact of a specialist educational intervention.

    Kane, Daniel / Kennedy, Kieran M / Flood, Karen / Eogan, Maeve

    Irish journal of medical science

    2023  

    Abstract: Background: Sexual assault (SA) is a highly prevalent issue, with significant adverse health sequelae. Given that general practitioners (GPs) may serve as the first point of contact for many SA victims, their awareness of post-SA care and appropriate ... ...

    Abstract Background: Sexual assault (SA) is a highly prevalent issue, with significant adverse health sequelae. Given that general practitioners (GPs) may serve as the first point of contact for many SA victims, their awareness of post-SA care and appropriate understanding of referral pathways to a sexual assault treatment unit (SATU) are critically important. This study evaluated GP trainees' knowledge of and comfort with post-SA care.
    Methods: Educational intervention study using a didactic teaching session was delivered by a specialist forensic examiner on post-SA care. A pre and post-study questionnaire was implemented to assess participants' knowledge and comfort levels with subject material. Significance was set at p-value below 0.05.
    Results: Seventy-five GP-trainees attended the teaching session. Fifty-three completed the pre-teaching questionnaire and 50 completed the post-teaching questionnaire. Only a minority of trainees had received prior teaching in post-SA care as a medical student (13.2% n = 7) or as a postgraduate (28.3% n = 15). After the teaching session, there was a significant improvement trainees' comfort levels in explaining a forensic examination (p < 0.0001), referral pathways to a SATU (p < 0.0001) and offering advice in relation to emergency contraception (p < 0.0001). There was also a significant improvement in understanding HIV post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) (p < 0.001) and forensic examination (FE) time-lines (p < 0.001).
    Conclusion: This study reveals that GP-trainees have had limited exposure to teaching on post-SA care. Additionally, significant improvements were observed following a 1-h didactic teaching session on post-SA care. Trainees demonstrated increased understanding of SATU referral pathways, understanding of immediate medical care after SA, including PEP and FE timelines.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-12-06
    Publishing country Ireland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 390895-1
    ISSN 1863-4362 ; 0021-1265
    ISSN (online) 1863-4362
    ISSN 0021-1265
    DOI 10.1007/s11845-023-03576-3
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  7. Article ; Online: Response to: "Are women equal? Considering impact of therapeutic abortion bans on science".

    Áinle, Fionnuala Ní / Donnelly, Jennifer / Eogan, Maeve

    Research and practice in thrombosis and haemostasis

    2022  Volume 6, Issue 5, Page(s) e12754

    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-07-08
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2475-0379
    ISSN (online) 2475-0379
    DOI 10.1002/rth2.12754
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  8. Article ; Online: Ongoing need for education in abortion care.

    Eogan, Maeve / Murphy, Cliona / Higgins, Mary

    International journal of gynaecology and obstetrics: the official organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics

    2022  Volume 160, Issue 1, Page(s) 334–335

    MeSH term(s) Pregnancy ; Female ; Humans ; Family Planning Services ; Abortion, Induced/education ; Longitudinal Studies ; Abortion, Legal
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-08-28
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 80149-5
    ISSN 1879-3479 ; 0020-7292
    ISSN (online) 1879-3479
    ISSN 0020-7292
    DOI 10.1002/ijgo.14397
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  9. Article ; Online: Assessment of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on Sexual Assault Treatment Unit activity.

    Kane, Daniel / Maher, Nicola / Eogan, Maeve

    BMJ sexual & reproductive health

    2021  Volume 47, Issue 4, Page(s) 301–303

    MeSH term(s) COVID-19 ; Humans ; Pandemics ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Sex Offenses ; Sexual Behavior
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-05-20
    Publishing country England
    Document type Letter
    ISSN 2515-2009
    ISSN (online) 2515-2009
    DOI 10.1136/bmjsrh-2021-201143
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  10. Article ; Online: Collection and storage of forensic evidence to enable subsequent reporting of a sexual crime to the police "Option 3"-an Irish experience.

    Kane, Daniel / Pucillo, Christine / Maher, Nicola / Eogan, Maeve

    Irish journal of medical science

    2021  Volume 190, Issue 4, Page(s) 1591–1596

    Abstract: Background: Sexual Assault Treatment Units (SATUs) provide holistic care, frequently including forensic examination, for people who disclose sexual violence. Storage of forensic evidence without reporting to An Garda Síochána (AGS), the Irish national ... ...

    Abstract Background: Sexual Assault Treatment Units (SATUs) provide holistic care, frequently including forensic examination, for people who disclose sexual violence. Storage of forensic evidence without reporting to An Garda Síochána (AGS), the Irish national police service (Option 3), was introduced in August 2016. This allowed attendees time to decide whether they wanted to report to AGS, without the loss of all forensic evidence.
    Aims: This paper presents a retrospective analysis of all "Option 3" cases including their subsequent disclosures to AGS, at the Dublin SATU, between 1 Aug. 2016 and 30 Jul 2020.
    Methods: The contemporaneous medical charts of Option 3 cases were reviewed and anonymised data extracted from them.
    Results: During the study period, there were 1258 attendances to the Dublin SATU. Of these, 10% (n = 127/1258) were Option 3. Ninety-three percent (n = 118/127) were female and 7% (n = 9/127) were male. The mean age was 26. Seventy percent (89/127) indicated a sexual assault occurred and 30% (38/127) were unsure. Twenty percent (n = 25/127) subsequently reported the incident to AGS, 60% (n = 15/25) within 7 days, and 80% (n = 20/25) within 1 month. Eighty percent (n = 20/25) of these reported cases had their evidence retrieved by AGS for analysis. Three percent (n = 4/127) requested that their evidence kits be kept for an additional year. None of these patients reported over that following year, and their evidence was subsequently destroyed.
    Conclusion: In conclusion, the availability of Option 3 has afforded people the opportunity to access responsive SATU care including storage of forensic evidence which may have significant evidential value. This potentially provides further opportunities for comprehensive detection of a crime, even if reporting to AGS is delayed.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Crime Victims ; Female ; Forensic Medicine ; Humans ; Male ; Police ; Retrospective Studies ; Sex Offenses
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-01-13
    Publishing country Ireland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 390895-1
    ISSN 1863-4362 ; 0021-1265
    ISSN (online) 1863-4362
    ISSN 0021-1265
    DOI 10.1007/s11845-020-02491-1
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