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  1. Article ; Online: The Association Between Metabolic Syndrome, Hyperfiltration, and Long-Term GFR Decline in the General Population.

    Bystad, Erikka W / Stefansson, Vidar T N / Eriksen, Bjørn O / Melsom, Toralf

    Kidney international reports

    2023  Volume 8, Issue 9, Page(s) 1831–1840

    Abstract: Introduction: One-quarter of adults worldwide meet the criteria of metabolic syndrome (MetS). MetS increases the risk of diabetes, chronic kidney disease (CKD), and cardiovascular disease. However, the association between MetS, hyperfiltration, and long- ...

    Abstract Introduction: One-quarter of adults worldwide meet the criteria of metabolic syndrome (MetS). MetS increases the risk of diabetes, chronic kidney disease (CKD), and cardiovascular disease. However, the association between MetS, hyperfiltration, and long-term glomerular filtration rate (GFR) decline in the general population is unknown.
    Methods: In the Renal Iohexol Clearance Survey (RENIS), we investigated 1551 people aged 50 to 63 years; representative of the general population without diabetes, cardiovascular disease, or kidney disease. The GFR was measured using iohexol clearance at baseline and twice during 11 years of follow-up. Hyperfiltration at baseline was defined as an absolute GFR (ml/min) above the 90th percentile adjusted for sex, age, and height, because these variables correlate with nephron number. MetS was defined as increased waist circumference and 2 risk factors among hypertension, hyperglycemia, elevated triglycerides, and low high density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol levels. The GFR decline rate was calculated using linear mixed models.
    Results: MetS was associated with hyperfiltration at baseline (odds ratio [OR] 2.4; 95% CI: 1.7-3.5,
    Conclusions: In the nondiabetic general population, those with MetS had an increased OR of hyperfiltration and steeper long-term GFR decline. Randomized controlled trials are needed to explore whether treatment of hyperfiltration can prevent loss of GFR in persons with MetS.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-07-01
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2468-0249
    ISSN (online) 2468-0249
    DOI 10.1016/j.ekir.2023.06.022
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: No decline in drug overdose deaths in Norway: An ecological approach to understanding at-risk groups and the impact of interventions.

    Amundsen, Ellen J / Melsom, Anne-Karine M / Eriksen, Bjørn O / Løchen, Maja-Lisa

    Nordisk alkohol- & narkotikatidskrift : NAT

    2023  Volume 41, Issue 1, Page(s) 111–130

    Abstract: Aim: ...

    Abstract Aim:
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-09-28
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2246748-8
    ISSN 1458-6126 ; 1455-0725
    ISSN (online) 1458-6126
    ISSN 1455-0725
    DOI 10.1177/14550725231195413
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  3. Article ; Online: Association of eGFR and mortality with use of a joint model: results of a nationwide study in Iceland.

    Jonsson, Arnar J / Lund, Sigrun H / Eriksen, Bjørn O / Palsson, Runolfur / Indridason, Olafur S

    Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association

    2023  Volume 38, Issue 10, Page(s) 2201–2212

    Abstract: Objectives: Prior studies on the association of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and mortality have failed to include methods to account for repeated eGFR determinations. The aim of this study was to estimate the association between eGFR and ... ...

    Abstract Objectives: Prior studies on the association of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and mortality have failed to include methods to account for repeated eGFR determinations. The aim of this study was to estimate the association between eGFR and mortality in the general population in Iceland employing a joint model.
    Methods: We obtained all serum creatinine and urine protein measurements from all clinical laboratories in Iceland in the years 2008-16. Clinical data were obtained from nationwide electronic medical records. eGFR was calculated using the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration equation and categorized as follows: 0-29, 30-44, 45-59, 60-74, 75-89, 90-104 and >104 mL/min/1.73 m2. A multiple imputation method was used to account for missing urine protein data. A joint model was used to assess risk of all-cause mortality.
    Results: We obtained 2 120 147 creatinine values for 218 437 individuals, of whom 84 364 (39%) had proteinuria measurements available. Median age was 46 (range 18-106) years and 47% were men. Proteinuria associated with increased risk of death for all eGFR categories in persons of all ages. In persons ≤65 years, the lowest risk was observed for eGFR of 75-89 mL/min/1.73 m2 without proteinuria. For persons aged >65 years, the lowest risk was observed for eGFR of 60-74 mL/min/1.73 m2 without proteinuria. eGFR of 45-59 mL/min/1.73 m2 without proteinuria did not associate with increased mortality risk in this age group. eGFR >104 mL/min/1.73 m2 associated with increased mortality.
    Conclusions: These results lend further support to the use of age-adapted eGFR thresholds for defining chronic kidney disease. Very high eGFR needs to be studied in more detail with regard to mortality.
    MeSH term(s) Male ; Humans ; Adolescent ; Young Adult ; Adult ; Middle Aged ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Female ; Glomerular Filtration Rate ; Iceland/epidemiology ; Proteinuria/epidemiology ; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/epidemiology ; Urinalysis ; Creatinine ; Risk Factors
    Chemical Substances Creatinine (AYI8EX34EU)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-09
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 90594-x
    ISSN 1460-2385 ; 0931-0509
    ISSN (online) 1460-2385
    ISSN 0931-0509
    DOI 10.1093/ndt/gfad033
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  4. Article: Incidence of and risk factors of chronic kidney disease: results of a nationwide study in Iceland.

    Jonsson, Arnar J / Lund, Sigrun H / Eriksen, Bjørn O / Palsson, Runolfur / Indridason, Olafur S

    Clinical kidney journal

    2022  Volume 15, Issue 7, Page(s) 1290–1299

    Abstract: Background: Information on the incidence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in the general population is scarce. This study examined the incidence and risk factors of CKD stages 1-5 in Iceland, based on multiple markers of kidney damage.: Methods: All ... ...

    Abstract Background: Information on the incidence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in the general population is scarce. This study examined the incidence and risk factors of CKD stages 1-5 in Iceland, based on multiple markers of kidney damage.
    Methods: All serum creatinine (SCr) values, urine protein measurements and diagnosis codes for kidney diseases and comorbid conditions for people aged ≥18 years were obtained from electronic medical records of all healthcare institutions in Iceland in 2008-2016. CKD was defined according to the Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) criteria as evidence for kidney damage and/or estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <60 mL/min/1.73 m
    Results: We retrieved 1 820 990 SCr values for 206 727 persons. Median age was 45 years (range, 18-106) and 47% were men. Mean annual age-standardized incidence of CKD per 100 000 was 649 in men and 694 in women, and 480 in men and 522 in women using age-adapted eGFR thresholds. The incidence reached over 3000 in men and women aged >75 years. Traditional CKD risk factors, such as acute kidney injury, diabetes, hypertension and cardiovascular disease, as well as less well characterized risk factors, including chronic lung disease, malignancy and major psychiatric illness were associated with increased risk of CKD, and the same was true for obesity and sleep apnoea in women.
    Conclusion: The annual incidence of CKD, with strict adherence to the KDIGO criteria, was <0.7% but markedly lower using age-adapted eGFR thresholds. Apart from acute kidney injury, the observed risk factors comprised chronic and potentially modifiable disorders.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-02-25
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2655800-2
    ISSN 2048-8513 ; 2048-8505
    ISSN (online) 2048-8513
    ISSN 2048-8505
    DOI 10.1093/ckj/sfac051
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  5. Article: Continuous Infusion of Iohexol to Monitor Perioperative Glomerular Filtration Rate.

    Jakobsen, Kjellbjørn / Eriksen, Bjørn O / Fuskevåg, Ole M / Hodges, Stephen J / Ytrebø, Lars M

    International journal of nephrology

    2022  Volume 2022, Page(s) 8267829

    Abstract: Continuous monitoring of the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in the perioperative setting could provide valuable information about acute kidney injury risk for both clinical and research purposes. This pilot study aimed to demonstrate that GFR ... ...

    Abstract Continuous monitoring of the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in the perioperative setting could provide valuable information about acute kidney injury risk for both clinical and research purposes. This pilot study aimed to demonstrate that GFR measurement by a continuous 72 hrs iohexol infusion in patients undergoing colorectal cancer surgery is feasible. Four patients undergoing robot-assisted colorectal cancer surgery were recruited from elective surgery listings. GFR was determined preoperatively by the single-sample iohexol clearance method, and postoperatively at timed intervals by a continuous iohexol infusion for 72 hrs. Plasma concentrations of creatinine and cystatin C were measured concurrently. GFR was calculated as (iohexol infusion rate (mg/min))/(plasma iohexol concentration (mg/mL)). The association of the three different filtration markers and GFR with time were analysed in generalized additive mixed models. The continuous infusion of iohexol was established in all four patients and maintained throughout the study period without interfering with ordinary postoperative care. Postoperative GFR at 2 hours were elevated compared to the preoperative measurements for patients 1, 2, and 3, but not for patient 4. Whereas patients 1, 2, and 3 had u-shaped postoperative mGFR curves, patient 4 demonstrated a linear increase in mGFR with time. We conclude that obtaining continuous measurements of GFR in the postoperative setting is feasible and can detect variations in GFR. The method can be used as a tool to track perioperative changes in renal function.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-05-24
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2573904-9
    ISSN 2090-2158 ; 2090-214X
    ISSN (online) 2090-2158
    ISSN 2090-214X
    DOI 10.1155/2022/8267829
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  6. Article ; Online: Ambulatory blood pressure as risk factor for long-term kidney function decline in the general population: a distributional regression approach.

    Eriksen, Bjørn O / Fasiolo, Matteo / Mathisen, Ulla D / Jenssen, Trond G / Stefansson, Vidar T N / Melsom, Toralf

    Scientific reports

    2023  Volume 13, Issue 1, Page(s) 14296

    Abstract: The results of randomized controlled trials are unclear about the long-term effect of blood pressure (BP) on kidney function assessed as the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in persons without chronic kidney disease or diabetes. The limited duration of ... ...

    Abstract The results of randomized controlled trials are unclear about the long-term effect of blood pressure (BP) on kidney function assessed as the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in persons without chronic kidney disease or diabetes. The limited duration of follow-up and use of imprecise methods for assessing BP and GFR are important reasons why this issue has not been settled. Since a long-term randomized trial is unlikely, we investigated the association between 24-h ambulatory BP (ABP) and measured GFR in a cohort study with a median follow-up of 11 years. The Renal Iohexol Clearance Survey (RENIS) cohort is a representative sample of persons aged 50 to 62 years without baseline cardiovascular disease, diabetes, or kidney disease from the general population of Tromsø in northern Norway. ABP was measured at baseline, and iohexol clearance at baseline and twice during follow-up. The study population comprised 1589 persons with 4127 GFR measurements. Baseline ABP or office BP components were not associated with the GFR change rate in multivariable adjusted conventional regression models. In generalized additive models for location, scale, and shape (GAMLSS), higher daytime systolic, diastolic, and mean arterial ABP were associated with a slight shift of the central part of the GFR distribution toward lower GFR and with higher probability of GFR < 60 mL/min/1.73 m
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Blood Pressure ; Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory ; Cohort Studies ; Iohexol ; Risk Factors ; Kidney
    Chemical Substances Iohexol (4419T9MX03)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-08-31
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2615211-3
    ISSN 2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
    ISSN (online) 2045-2322
    ISSN 2045-2322
    DOI 10.1038/s41598-023-41181-7
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  7. Article ; Online: Validation of eGFR for Detecting Associations Between Serum Protein Biomarkers and Subsequent GFR Decline.

    Enoksen, Inger T T / Rinde, Nikoline B / Svistounov, Dmitri / Norvik, Jon V / Solbu, Marit D / Eriksen, Bjørn O / Melsom, Toralf

    Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN

    2023  Volume 34, Issue 8, Page(s) 1409–1420

    Abstract: Significance statement: eGFR from creatinine, cystatin C, or both has been primarily used in search of biomarkers for GFR decline. Whether the relationships between biomarkers and eGFR decline are similar to associations with measured GFR (mGFR) decline ...

    Abstract Significance statement: eGFR from creatinine, cystatin C, or both has been primarily used in search of biomarkers for GFR decline. Whether the relationships between biomarkers and eGFR decline are similar to associations with measured GFR (mGFR) decline has not been investigated. This study revealed that some biomarkers showed statistically significant different associations with eGFR decline compared with mGFR decline, particularly for eGFR from cystatin C. The findings indicate that non-GFR-related factors, such as age, sex, and body mass index, influence the relationship between biomarkers and eGFR decline. Therefore, the results of biomarker studies using eGFR, particularly eGFRcys, should be interpreted with caution and perhaps validated with mGFR.
    Background: Several serum protein biomarkers have been proposed as risk factors for GFR decline using eGFR from creatinine or cystatin C. We investigated whether eGFR can be used as a surrogate end point for measured GFR (mGFR) when searching for biomarkers associated with GFR decline.
    Methods: In the Renal Iohexol Clearance Survey, GFR was measured with plasma iohexol clearance in 1627 individuals without diabetes, kidney, or cardiovascular disease at baseline. After 11 years of follow-up, 1409 participants had one or more follow-up GFR measurements. Using logistic regression and interval-censored Cox regression, we analyzed the association between baseline levels of 12 serum protein biomarkers with the risk of accelerated GFR decline and incident CKD for both mGFR and eGFR.
    Results: Several biomarkers exhibited different associations with eGFR decline compared with their association with mGFR decline. More biomarkers showed different associations with eGFRcys decline than with eGFRcre decline. Most of the different associations of eGFR decline versus mGFR decline remained statistically significant after adjustment for age, sex, and body mass index, but several were attenuated and not significant after adjusting for the corresponding baseline mGFR or eGFR.
    Conclusions: In studies of some serum protein biomarkers, eGFR decline may not be an appropriate surrogate outcome for mGFR decline. Although the differences from mGFR decline are attenuated by adjustment for confounding factors in most cases, some persist. Therefore, proposed biomarkers from studies using eGFR should preferably be validated with mGFR.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Cystatin C ; Iohexol ; Creatinine ; Glomerular Filtration Rate ; Biomarkers ; Blood Proteins ; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/complications
    Chemical Substances Cystatin C ; Iohexol (4419T9MX03) ; Creatinine (AYI8EX34EU) ; Biomarkers ; Blood Proteins
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-24
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1085942-1
    ISSN 1533-3450 ; 1046-6673
    ISSN (online) 1533-3450
    ISSN 1046-6673
    DOI 10.1681/ASN.0000000000000147
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  8. Article ; Online: Iohexol Plasma Clearance: Impact of Weighing the Syringe.

    Delanaye, Pierre / Melsom, Toralf / Cavalier, Etienne / Pottel, Hans / Eriksen, Björn O / Dubourg, Laurence

    Kidney international reports

    2021  Volume 6, Issue 9, Page(s) 2478–2480

    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-06-05
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2468-0249
    ISSN (online) 2468-0249
    DOI 10.1016/j.ekir.2021.05.038
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  9. Article ; Online: Kidney function and markers of renal damage after renal denervation. Does method of measurement matter? The Reshape CV-Risk Study.

    Solbu, Marit D / Miroslawska, Atena / Norvik, Jon V / Eriksen, Bjørn O / Steigen, Terje K

    Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.)

    2021  Volume 23, Issue 5, Page(s) 954–962

    Abstract: Data suggest that renal denervation (RDN) in treatment-resistant hypertension (TRHT) is safe in terms of renal function. However, most studies report kidney function as creatinine-based estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), which may be biased by ... ...

    Abstract Data suggest that renal denervation (RDN) in treatment-resistant hypertension (TRHT) is safe in terms of renal function. However, most studies report kidney function as creatinine-based estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), which may be biased by non-renal factors. Damage markers other than albuminuria have never been evaluated after RDN. In this non-randomized RDN trial, we studied changes in kidney function, assessed as measured GFR (mGFR) and various GFR estimates, six months and two years after RDN. We also examined changes in albuminuria and a biomarker of tubular dysfunction. Adult non-diabetic patients with TRHT and eGFR ≥45 ml/min/1.73 m
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Biomarkers ; Creatinine ; Denervation ; Glomerular Filtration Rate ; Humans ; Hypertension/diagnosis ; Kidney ; Middle Aged ; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic
    Chemical Substances Biomarkers ; Creatinine (AYI8EX34EU)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-02-16
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Clinical Trial ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2077222-1
    ISSN 1751-7176 ; 1524-6175
    ISSN (online) 1751-7176
    ISSN 1524-6175
    DOI 10.1111/jch.14214
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  10. Article ; Online: Urinary orosomucoid is associated with diastolic dysfunction and carotid arteriopathy in the general population. Cross-sectional data from the Tromsø study.

    Andreassen, Runa M / Kronborg, Jens B / Schirmer, Henrik / Mathiesen, Ellisiv B / Melsom, Toralf / Eriksen, Bjørn O / Jenssen, Trond G / Solbu, Marit D

    Scandinavian cardiovascular journal : SCJ

    2022  Volume 56, Issue 1, Page(s) 148–156

    Abstract: ... ...

    Abstract Objectives
    MeSH term(s) Albumins ; Biomarkers ; Carotid Artery Diseases/diagnostic imaging ; Carotid Artery Diseases/epidemiology ; Carotid Intima-Media Thickness ; Creatinine ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Orosomucoid ; Plaque, Atherosclerotic ; Prospective Studies
    Chemical Substances Albumins ; Biomarkers ; Orosomucoid ; Creatinine (AYI8EX34EU)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-06-02
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1379906-x
    ISSN 1651-2006 ; 1401-7431
    ISSN (online) 1651-2006
    ISSN 1401-7431
    DOI 10.1080/14017431.2022.2079714
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