LIVIVO - Search results -

Search results

Result 1 - 10 of total 40

Search options

Article: Cardiovascular Health Effects and Synthetic Cooling Agents in E-cigarettes Labeled as 'clear' Marketed in Massachusetts After the Tobacco Product Flavoring Ban.

Minetti, Erika T / Erythropel, Hanno C / Keith, Rachel / Davis, Danielle R / Zimmerman, Julie B / Krishnan-Sarin, Suchitra / Hamburg, Naomi M

medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences

2024

Abstract: Introduction: Massachusetts (MA) enacted statewide regulation on all flavored tobacco products in June 2020. Thereafter, electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) labeled 'clear' emerged on the market. We aimed to combine cardiovascular health effects with ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: Massachusetts (MA) enacted statewide regulation on all flavored tobacco products in June 2020. Thereafter, electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) labeled 'clear' emerged on the market. We aimed to combine cardiovascular health effects with chemical analysis of 'clear' e-cigarettes. Methods: We measured acute changes in blood pressure and heart rate following a 10-minute structured use of participants' own e-cigarette, comparing 'clear' e-cigarette users with other flavored e-cigarette users and non-users. Chemical characterization and quantification of relevant flavorings and cooling agents (WS-3, WS-23) of 19 'clear'-labeled disposable e-cigarette liquids was carried out by GC/MS. Results: After the ban, participants that used 'clear' labeled e-cigarettes increased from 0% to 21%. Increase in diastolic blood pressure and heart rate was significantly greater in 'clear' e-cigarettes users (n=22) compared to both non-'clear' flavored e-cigarette users (n=114) and non-users (n=72). We saw similar results in heart rate when comparing Juul e-cigarette and 'clear' users; Juul was used as a reference as synthetic coolants WS-3 or WS-23 were not detected in these.All (19/19) 'clear' e-liquids were found to contain synthetic cooling agents WS-23 and/or WS-3, menthol (18/19), as well as other flavorings (12/19). Discussion: The detected presence of menthol alongside other flavorings in tested 'clear' products is a direct violation of the MA flavored tobacco product regulation, warranting stricter monitoring for new products and constituents. 'clear' e-cigarette use led to greater hemodynamic effects compared to other flavored e-cigarettes and Juul, which raises questions about the effect of cooling agents on users.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-19
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Preprint
DOI	10.1101/2024.04.18.24305863
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

Inter-library loan at ZB MED

Your chosen title can be delivered directly to ZB MED Cologne location if you are registered as a user at ZB MED Cologne.

Details ▾

Article ; Online: Chemical and physiological interactions between e-liquid constituents: cause for concern?

Strongin, Robert M / Sharma, Eva / Erythropel, Hanno C / Kassem, Nada O F / Noël, Alexandra / Peyton, D H / Rahman, Irfan

Tobacco control

2024

Abstract: Studies of Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems (ENDS) toxicity have largely focused on individual components such as flavour additives, base e-liquid ingredients (propylene glycol, glycerol), device characteristics (eg, model, components, wattage), use ... ...

Abstract	Studies of Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems (ENDS) toxicity have largely focused on individual components such as flavour additives, base e-liquid ingredients (propylene glycol, glycerol), device characteristics (eg, model, components, wattage), use behaviour, etc. However, vaping involves inhalation of chemical mixtures and interactions between compounds can occur that can lead to different toxicities than toxicity of the individual components. Methods based on the additive toxicity of individual chemical components to estimate the health risks of complex mixtures can result in the overestimation or underestimation of exposure risks, since interactions between components are under-investigated. In the case of ENDS, the potential of elevated toxicity resulting from chemical reactions and interactions is enhanced due to high operating temperatures and the metallic surface of the heating element. With the recent availability of a wide range of e-liquid constituents and popularity of do-it-yourself creation of e-liquid mixtures, the need to understand chemical and physiological impacts of chemical combinations in ENDS e-liquids and aerosols is immediate. There is a significant current knowledge gap concerning how specific combinations of ENDS chemical ingredients result in synergistic or antagonistic interactions. This commentary aims to review the current understanding of chemical reactions between e-liquid components, interactions between additives, chemical reactions that occur during vaping and aerosol properties and biomolecular interactions, all of which may impact physiological health.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-24
Publishing country	England
Document type	Editorial
ZDB-ID	1146554-2
ISSN	1468-3318 ; 0964-4563
ISSN (online)	1468-3318
ISSN	0964-4563
DOI	10.1136/tc-2023-058546
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

Zs.A 3651: Show issues

Location:
Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (2.OG)
ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

Order via subito

This service is chargeable due to the Delivery terms set by subito. Orders including an article and supplementary material will be classified as separate orders. In these cases, fees will be demanded for each order.

Details ▾
- See ZB MED holdings
- Order with fees

Article: Synthetic Cooling Agent and Candy Flavors in California-marketed "non-Menthol" Cigarettes.

Jabba, Sairam V / Erythropel, Hanno C / Anastas, Paul T / Zimmerman, Julie B / Jordt, Sven E

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology

2023

Abstract: Rationale: The ban of menthol cigarettes is one of the key strategies to promote smoking cessation in the United States. Menthol cigarettes are preferred by young beginning smokers for smoking initiation. Almost 90% of African American smokers use ... ...

Abstract	Rationale: The ban of menthol cigarettes is one of the key strategies to promote smoking cessation in the United States. Menthol cigarettes are preferred by young beginning smokers for smoking initiation. Almost 90% of African American smokers use menthol cigarettes, a result of decades-long targeted industry marketing. Several states and municipalities already banned menthol cigarettes, most recently California, effective on December 21, 2022. In the weeks before California's ban took effect, the tobacco industry introduced several "non-menthol" cigarette products in California, replacing previously mentholated brands. Here, we hypothesize that tobacco companies replaced menthol with synthetic cooling agents to create a cooling effect without using menthol. Similar to menthol, these agents activate the TRPM8 cold-menthol receptor in sensory neurons innervating the upper and lower airways. Methods: Calcium microfluorimetry in HEK293t cells expressing the TRPM8 cold/menthol receptors was used to determine sensory cooling activity of extracts prepared from these "non-menthol" cigarette brands, and compared to standard menthol cigarette extracts of the same brands. Specificity of receptor activity was validated using TRPM8-selective inhibitor, AMTB. Gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GCMS) was used to determine presence and amounts of any flavoring chemicals, including synthetic cooling agents, in the tobacco rods, wrapping paper, filters and crushable capsule (if present) of these "non-menthol" cigarettes. Results: Compared to equivalent menthol cigarette extracts, several California-marketed "non-menthol" cigarette extracts activated cold/menthol receptor TRPM8 at higher dilutions and with stronger efficacies, indicating substantial pharmacological activity to elicit robust cooling sensations. Synthetic cooling agent, WS-3, was detected in tobacco rods of several of these "non-menthol" cigarette brands. Crushable capsules added to certain "non-menthol" crush varieties contained neither WS-3 nor menthol but included several "sweet" flavorant chemicals, including vanillin, ethyl vanillin and anethole. Conclusion: Tobacco companies have replaced menthol with the synthetic cooling agent, WS-3, in California-marketed "non-menthol" cigarettes. WS-3 creates a cooling sensation similar to menthol, but lacks menthol's characteristic "minty" odor. The measured WS-3 content is sufficient to elicit cooling sensations in smokers, similar to menthol, that facilitate smoking initiation and act as a reinforcing cue. Regulators need to act quickly to prevent the tobacco industry from bypassing menthol bans by substituting menthol with synthetic cooling agents, and thereby thwarting smoking cessation efforts.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-18
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Preprint
DOI	10.1101/2023.05.15.540890
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

Inter-library loan at ZB MED

Your chosen title can be delivered directly to ZB MED Cologne location if you are registered as a user at ZB MED Cologne.

Details ▾

Article ; Online: Synthetic Cooling Agent and Other Flavor Additives in "Non-Menthol" Cigarettes Marketed in California and Massachusetts After Menthol Cigarette Bans.

Jabba, Sairam V / Erythropel, Hanno C / Anastas, Paul T / Zimmerman, Julie B / Jordt, Sven E

JAMA

2023 Volume 330, Issue 17, Page(s) 1689–1691

MeSH term(s)	California ; Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems ; Flavoring Agents/analysis ; Massachusetts ; Menthol ; Tobacco Products/analysis
Chemical Substances	Flavoring Agents ; Menthol (1490-04-6)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-10-09
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	2958-0
ISSN	1538-3598 ; 0254-9077 ; 0002-9955 ; 0098-7484
ISSN (online)	1538-3598
ISSN	0254-9077 ; 0002-9955 ; 0098-7484
DOI	10.1001/jama.2023.17134
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

Ua VI Zs.88: Show issues

Location:
Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
bis Jg. 2021: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

Order via subito

Details ▾
- See ZB MED holdings
- Order with fees

Article ; Online: Comparison of emissions across tobacco products: A slippery slope in tobacco control.

El-Hellani, Ahmad / Adeniji, Ayomipo / Erythropel, Hanno C / Wang, Qixin / Lamb, Thomas / Mikheev, Vladimir B / Rahman, Irfan / Stepanov, Irina / Strongin, Robert M / Wagener, Theodore L / Brinkman, Marielle C

Tobacco induced diseases

2024 Volume 22

Abstract: In this narrative review, we highlight the challenges of comparing emissions from different tobacco products under controlled laboratory settings (using smoking/vaping machines). We focus on tobacco products that generate inhalable smoke or aerosol, such ...

Abstract	In this narrative review, we highlight the challenges of comparing emissions from different tobacco products under controlled laboratory settings (using smoking/vaping machines). We focus on tobacco products that generate inhalable smoke or aerosol, such as cigarettes, cigars, hookah, electronic cigarettes, and heated tobacco products. We discuss challenges associated with sample generation including variability of smoking/vaping machines, lack of standardized adaptors that connect smoking/vaping machines to different tobacco products, puffing protocols that are not representative of actual use, and sample generation session length (minutes or number of puffs) that depends on product characteristics. We also discuss the challenges of physically characterizing and trapping emissions from products with different aerosol characteristics. Challenges to analytical method development are also covered, highlighting matrix effects, order of magnitude differences in analyte levels, and the necessity of tailored quality control/quality assurance measures. The review highlights two approaches in selecting emissions to monitor across products, one focusing on toxicants that were detected and quantified with optimized methods for combustible cigarettes, and the other looking for product-specific toxicants using non-targeted analysis. The challenges of data reporting and statistical analysis that allow meaningful comparison across products are also discussed. We end the review by highlighting that even if the technical challenges are overcome, emission comparison may obscure the absolute exposure from novel products if we only focus on relative exposure compared to combustible products.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-30
Publishing country	Greece
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2194616-4
ISSN	1617-9625 ; 1617-9625
ISSN (online)	1617-9625
ISSN	1617-9625
DOI	10.18332/tid/183797
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

Order via subito

Article ; Online: Designing for a green chemistry future.

Zimmerman, Julie B / Anastas, Paul T / Erythropel, Hanno C / Leitner, Walter

Science (New York, N.Y.)

2020 Volume 367, Issue 6476, Page(s) 397–400

Abstract: The material basis of a sustainable society will depend on chemical products and processes that are designed following principles that make them conducive to life. Important inherent properties of molecules need to be considered from the earliest stage- ... ...

Abstract	The material basis of a sustainable society will depend on chemical products and processes that are designed following principles that make them conducive to life. Important inherent properties of molecules need to be considered from the earliest stage-the design stage-to address whether compounds and processes are depleting versus renewable, toxic versus benign, and persistent versus readily degradable. Products, feedstocks, and manufacturing processes will need to integrate the principles of green chemistry and green engineering under an expanded definition of performance that includes sustainability considerations. This transformation will require the best of the traditions of science and innovation coupled with new emerging systems thinking and systems design that begins at the molecular level and results in a positive impact on the global scale.
MeSH term(s)	Green Chemistry Technology/trends ; Hazardous Substances/toxicity ; Humans ; Safety Management
Chemical Substances	Hazardous Substances
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-01-22
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
ZDB-ID	128410-1
ISSN	1095-9203 ; 0036-8075
ISSN (online)	1095-9203
ISSN	0036-8075
DOI	10.1126/science.aay3060
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

Zs.A 27: Show issues			Location: Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand) bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG) ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)
Zs.MG 77: Show issues

Order via subito

Details ▾
- See ZB MED holdings
- Order with fees

Article ; Online: Synthetic Cooling Agents in US-marketed E-cigarette Refill Liquids and Popular Disposable E-cigarettes: Chemical Analysis and Risk Assessment.

Jabba, Sairam V / Erythropel, Hanno C / Torres, Deyri Garcia / Delgado, Lauren A / Woodrow, Jackson G / Anastas, Paul T / Zimmerman, Julie B / Jordt, Sven-Eric

Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco

2022 Volume 24, Issue 7, Page(s) 1037–1046

Abstract: Introduction: Menthol, through its cooling and pleasant sensory effects, facilitates smoking and tobacco product initiation, resulting in the high popularity of mint/menthol-flavored E-cigarettes. More recently, E-cigarette vendors started marketing ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: Menthol, through its cooling and pleasant sensory effects, facilitates smoking and tobacco product initiation, resulting in the high popularity of mint/menthol-flavored E-cigarettes. More recently, E-cigarette vendors started marketing synthetic cooling agents as additives that impart a cooling effect but lack a characteristic minty odor. Knowledge about content of synthetic coolants in US-marketed E-cigarette products and associated health risks is limited. Aims and methods: E-liquid vendor sites were searched with the terms "koolada", "kool/cool", "ice", or WS-3/WS-23, denoting individual cooling agents, and relevant refill E-liquids were purchased. "Ice" flavor varieties of Puffbar, the most popular disposable E-cigarette brand, were compared with non-"Ice" varieties. E-liquids were characterized, and synthetic coolants quantified using GC/MS. Margin of exposure (MOE), a risk assessment parameter, was calculated to assess the risk associated with synthetic coolant exposure from E-cigarette use. Results: WS-3 was detected in 24/25 refill E-liquids analyzed. All Puffbar flavor varieties contained either WS-23 (13/14) or WS-3 (5/14), in both "Ice"- and non-"Ice" flavors. Modeling consumption of WS-3 from vaped E-liquids, resulted in MOEs below the safe margin of 100 for most daily use scenarios. MOEs for WS-23 were <100 for 10/13 Puffbar flavors in all use scenarios. Puffbar power specifications are identical to Juul devices. Conclusions: Synthetic cooling agents (WS-3/WS-23) were present in US-marketed E-cigarettes, at levels that may result in consumer exposures exceeding safety thresholds set by regulatory agencies. Synthetic coolants are not only found in mint- or menthol-flavored products but also in fruit- and candy-flavored products, including popular disposable E-cigarette products such as Puffbar. Implications: Synthetic cooling agents are widely used in "kool/cool"- and "ice"-flavored E-liquids and in E-liquids without these labels, both as a potential replacement for menthol or to add cooling "notes" to nonmenthol flavors. These agents may be used to bypass current and future regulatory limits on menthol content in tobacco products, and not just E-cigarettes. Because synthetic cooling agents are odorless, they may not fall under the category of "characterizing flavor", potentially circumventing regulatory measures based on this concept. Regulators need to consider the additional health risks associated with exposure to synthetic cooling agents.
MeSH term(s)	Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems ; Flavoring Agents/analysis ; Humans ; Menthol ; Risk Assessment ; Tobacco Products
Chemical Substances	Flavoring Agents ; Menthol (1490-04-6)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-02-15
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	1452315-2
ISSN	1469-994X ; 1462-2203
ISSN (online)	1469-994X
ISSN	1462-2203
DOI	10.1093/ntr/ntac046
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

Zs.A 5789: Show issues

Location:
Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (2.OG)
ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

Order via subito

Details ▾
- See ZB MED holdings
- Order with fees

Article: Development of a Ni-promoted, selective electrochemical reductive cleavage of the C–O bond in lignin model compound benzyl phenyl ether

Lin, Fang / TSE, Ho-Yin / Erythropel, Hanno C. / Petrović, Predrag V. / Garedew, Mahlet / Chen, Jinshan / Lam, Jason Chun-Ho / Anastas, Paul T.

Green chemistry. 2022 Aug. 15, v. 24, no. 16

2022

Abstract: Current catalytic hydrogenolysis of lignin C–O bonds, which is crucial for lignin valorization, often requires a noble metal catalyst or/and harsh conditions such as elevated temperatures and high pressures. Herein, we report a highly selective ... ...

Abstract	Current catalytic hydrogenolysis of lignin C–O bonds, which is crucial for lignin valorization, often requires a noble metal catalyst or/and harsh conditions such as elevated temperatures and high pressures. Herein, we report a highly selective electrochemical protocol to reductively cleave the benzylic C–O bond of the α-O-4 lignin model compound benzyl phenyl ether (BPE) at room temperature and ambient pressure. Nearly complete conversion of BPE to toluene and phenol in methanol was achieved in an undivided cell using Ni foam at both the anode and cathode, with yields of 97% and 30%, respectively. Using a divided cell, yields of 90% (toluene) and 84% (phenol) could be achieved using inexpensive carbon paper as the cathode when Ni(ii) salts were added to the cathode chamber. Notably, other divalent metal salts did not lead to any product formation, suggesting a unique role of Ni ions in benzylic C–O bond cleavage. Further, a substrate scope study revealed the suitability of the method for a variety of substituted BPEs. This work provides an economical and environmentally friendly method for selective cleavage of C–O bonds in benzylic ethers as model compounds for lignin.
Keywords	ambient pressure ; ambient temperature ; anodes ; carbon ; catalysts ; cathodes ; cleavage (chemistry) ; divalent metals ; electrochemistry ; foams ; green chemistry ; lignin ; methanol ; paper ; phenol ; sustainable technology ; toluene
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-0815
Size	p. 6295-6305.
Publishing place	The Royal Society of Chemistry
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2006274-6
ISSN	1463-9270 ; 1463-9262
ISSN (online)	1463-9270
ISSN	1463-9262
DOI	10.1039/d2gc01510b
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

Order via subito

Article ; Online: Chemical Adducts of Reactive Flavor Aldehydes Formed in E-Cigarette Liquids Are Cytotoxic and Inhibit Mitochondrial Function in Respiratory Epithelial Cells.

Jabba, Sairam V / Diaz, Alexandra N / Erythropel, Hanno C / Zimmerman, Julie B / Jordt, Sven-Eric

Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco

2020 Volume 22, Issue Suppl 1, Page(s) S25–S34

Abstract: Introduction: Flavor aldehydes in e-cigarettes, including vanillin, ethyl vanillin (vanilla), and benzaldehyde (berry/fruit), rapidly undergo chemical reactions with the e-liquid solvents, propylene glycol, and vegetable glycerol (PG/VG), to form ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: Flavor aldehydes in e-cigarettes, including vanillin, ethyl vanillin (vanilla), and benzaldehyde (berry/fruit), rapidly undergo chemical reactions with the e-liquid solvents, propylene glycol, and vegetable glycerol (PG/VG), to form chemical adducts named flavor aldehyde PG/VG acetals that can efficiently transfer to e-cigarette aerosol. The objective of this study was to compare the cytotoxic and metabolic toxic effects of acetals and their parent aldehydes in respiratory epithelial cells. Aims and methods: Cell metabolic assays were carried out in bronchial (BEAS-2B) and alveolar (A549) epithelial cells assessing the effects of benzaldehyde, vanillin, ethyl vanillin, and their corresponding PG acetals on key bioenergetic parameters of mitochondrial function. The potential cytotoxic effects of benzaldehyde and vanillin and their corresponding PG acetals were analyzed using the LIVE/DEAD cell assay in BEAS-2B cells and primary human nasal epithelial cells (HNEpC). Cytostatic effects of vanillin and vanillin PG acetal were compared using Click-iT EDU cell proliferation assay in BEAS-2B cells. Results: Compared with their parent aldehydes, PG acetals diminished key parameters of cellular energy metabolic functions, including basal respiration, adenosine triphosphate production, and spare respiratory capacity. Benzaldehyde PG acetal (1-10 mM) increased cell mortality in BEAS-2B and HNEpC, compared with benzaldehyde. Vanillin PG acetal was more cytotoxic than vanillin at the highest concentration tested while both diminished cellular proliferation in a concentration-dependent manner. Conclusions: Reaction products formed in e-liquids between flavor aldehydes and solvent chemicals have differential toxicological properties from their parent flavor aldehydes and may contribute to the health effects of e-cigarette aerosol in the respiratory system of e-cigarette users. Implications: With no inhalation toxicity studies available for acetals, data from this study will provide a basis for further toxicological studies using in vitro and in vivo models. This study suggests that manufacturers' disclosure of e-liquid ingredients at time of production may be insufficient to inform a comprehensive risk assessment of e-liquids and electronic nicotine delivery systems use, due to the chemical instability of e-liquids over time and the formation of new compounds.
MeSH term(s)	Aerosols/adverse effects ; Aldehydes/adverse effects ; Aldehydes/chemistry ; Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems/statistics & numerical data ; Epithelial Cells/drug effects ; Epithelial Cells/pathology ; Flavoring Agents/adverse effects ; Flavoring Agents/chemistry ; Humans ; Mitochondria/drug effects ; Mitochondria/pathology ; Respiratory System/drug effects ; Respiratory System/pathology
Chemical Substances	Aerosols ; Aldehydes ; Flavoring Agents
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-12-14
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
ZDB-ID	1452315-2
ISSN	1469-994X ; 1462-2203
ISSN (online)	1469-994X
ISSN	1462-2203
DOI	10.1093/ntr/ntaa185
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

Zs.A 5789: Show issues

Location:
Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand)
bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (2.OG)
ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

Order via subito

Details ▾
- See ZB MED holdings
- Order with fees

Article: Synthetic Cooling Agent in Oral Nicotine Pouch Products Marketed as "Flavor-Ban Approved".

Jabba, Sairam V / Erythropel, Hanno C / Woodrow, Jackson G / Anastas, Paul T / O'Malley, Stephanie S / Krishnan-Sarin, Suchitra / Zimmerman, Julie B / Jordt, Sven E

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology

2023

Abstract: Background: US sales of oral nicotine pouches (ONPs) have rapidly increased, with cool/mint-flavored ONPs the most popular. Restrictions on sales of flavored tobacco products have either been implemented or proposed by several US states and localities. ... ...

Abstract	Background: US sales of oral nicotine pouches (ONPs) have rapidly increased, with cool/mint-flavored ONPs the most popular. Restrictions on sales of flavored tobacco products have either been implemented or proposed by several US states and localities. Zyn, the most popular ONP brand, is marketing Zyn-"Chill" and Zyn-"Smooth" as "Flavor-Ban Approved", probably to evade flavor bans. At present it is unclear whether these ONPs are indeed free of flavor additives that can impart pleasant sensations such as cooling. Methods: Sensory cooling and irritant activities of "Flavor-Ban Approved" ONPs, Zyn-"Chill" and "Smooth", along with "minty" varieties (Cool Mint, Peppermint, Spearmint, Menthol), were analyzed by Ca2+ microfluorimetry in HEK293 cells expressing the cold/menthol (TRPM8) or menthol/irritant receptor (TRPA1). Flavor chemical content of these ONPs was analyzed by GC/MS. Results: Zyn-"Chill" ONP extracts robustly activated TRPM8, with much higher efficacy (39-53%) than the mint-flavored ONPs. In contrast, mint-flavored ONP extracts elicited stronger TRPA1 irritant receptor responses than Zyn-"Chill" extracts. Chemical analysis demonstrated the presence of WS-3, an odorless synthetic cooling agent, in Zyn-"Chill" and several other mint-flavored Zyn-ONPs. Conclusions: Synthetic cooling agents such as WS-3 found in 'Flavor-Ban Approved' Zyn-"Chill" can provide a robust cooling sensation with reduced sensory irritancy, thereby increasing product appeal and use. The label "Flavor-Ban Approved" is misleading and may implicate health benefits. Regulators need to develop effective strategies for the control of odorless sensory additives used by the industry to bypass flavor bans.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-24
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Preprint
DOI	10.1101/2023.02.23.529797
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

Inter-library loan at ZB MED

Your chosen title can be delivered directly to ZB MED Cologne location if you are registered as a user at ZB MED Cologne.

Details ▾

To top

More links

Kategorien

Inter-library loan at ZB MED

More links

Kategorien

In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

Order via subito

More links

Kategorien

Inter-library loan at ZB MED

More links

Kategorien

In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

Order via subito

More links

Kategorien

Order via subito

More links

Kategorien

In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

Order via subito

More links

Kategorien

In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

Order via subito

More links

Kategorien

Order via subito

More links

Kategorien

In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

Order via subito

More links

Kategorien

Inter-library loan at ZB MED