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Article ; Online: Examining the Morphology of External Genitalia in Iranian Women: A Labiagram-based Study in Iran and its Influence on Patients' Self-Satisfaction.

Ghanbari, Zinat / Eshraghi, Nasim / Ghaemi, Marjan / Feizabad, Elham / Zafarbakhsh, Azam

2024

Abstract: Background: This study aims to document a woman's external genitalia data in the form of a labiogram and investigate whether variations in the size of specific components of a woman's external genitalia can influence her overall satisfaction with the ... ...

Abstract	Background: This study aims to document a woman's external genitalia data in the form of a labiogram and investigate whether variations in the size of specific components of a woman's external genitalia can influence her overall satisfaction with the esthetic appearance of her genitalia. Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was carried out on a sample of 500 Iranian women. Socio-demographic information was collected for all participants, and they completed the Female Genital Self-Image Scale (FGSIS) questionnaire. Measurements of different external genitalia components were obtained for all participants. Results: The findings revealed that there was no significant association between the measurements of the external genitalia and age or BMI. However, a significant negative correlation was observed between the total score on the FGSIS and specific parameters related to the width of different sections of the labia minora. The correlations were as follows: left lower third (r = - 0.305), lower right third (r = - 0.302), left middle third (r = - 0.365), right middle third (r = - 0.435), left upper third (r = - 0.397), and right upper third (r = - 0.407) (P value< 0.001). Moreover, cutoff points of 1.95 cm on the left side and 1.90 cm on the right side were identified through analysis as thresholds for predicting dissatisfaction among women. Conclusion: This study suggests that the width of the labia minora might influence certain women's motivation to undergo labiaplasty, a surgical procedure designed to modify the labia minora. To help women make informed decisions, it is crucial for those considering the procedure to have a comprehensive understanding of different labia minora types, potential benefits, and associated risks. By being well-informed, individuals can make choices that align with their personal preferences and priorities. Level of evidence iv: This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-12
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	532791-x
ISSN	1432-5241 ; 0364-216X
ISSN (online)	1432-5241
ISSN	0364-216X
DOI	10.1007/s00266-024-03936-z
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Zs.A 1296: Show issues

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Article: "Normal vulva" based on the first national Labiagram design in adult Iranian women not seeking female genital cosmetic surgery: a pilot study.

Ghanbari, Zinat / Kazemi, Maryam / Eshraghi, Nasim / Shiri Hamedani, Sina / Zafarbakhsh, Azam

Sexual medicine

2024 Volume 11, Issue 6, Page(s) qfad070

Abstract: Background: Several studies have been published to present normal values of female genitalia in different age and racial groups.: Aim: The primary objective of our study was to measure the parameters of the external genitalia in adult Iranian women, ... ...

Abstract	Background: Several studies have been published to present normal values of female genitalia in different age and racial groups. Aim: The primary objective of our study was to measure the parameters of the external genitalia in adult Iranian women, record the data using the Labiagram system (the first national Labiagram design in Iran), and establish a preliminary database. Methods: A descriptive study was conducted from March 2022 to December 2022, involving 220 nonpregnant adult women who presented to the gynecology clinic. Women who met the inclusion criteria for the study underwent a comprehensive examination of the external genitalia. The data collected during the examinations were recorded in electronic files and the Labiagram system. Outcomes: The data showed the diversity of external genital parameters of nonpregnant adult Iranian women. Results: In this descriptive study, the mean ± SD age of the participants was 51.5 ± 13.44 years, ranging from 15 to 84 years. A total of 192 women (87.3%) had a history of vaginal delivery. There was no statistically significant difference observed in the average measurements of the vulva among the 4 age groups ( Clinical implications: The data will be used as a basis for future studies. Strengths and limitations: The use of simple tools for the measuring, data recording, and digital drawing of female external genital anatomy, along with privacy protection, is one of the strengths of this research. The weakness is the small sample size, which is the reason for piloting the Labiagram chart for more extensive studies. Conclusion: Increasing age and the number of births had no statistically significant effect on the size of external genital parameters among Iranian women. Despite the considerable diversity in these parameters, it has not resulted in a significant demand among Iranian women for female cosmetic surgery.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-19
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2734882-9
ISSN	2050-1161
ISSN	2050-1161
DOI	10.1093/sexmed/qfad070
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Article ; Online: Unexpected positive culture (UPC) in adults revision spine surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis of incidence, risk factors, and management.

Mirghaderi, Peyman / Gholamshahi, Hediye / Jahromi, Ali / Iranmehr, Arad / Dabbagh-Ohadi, Mohammad Amin / Eshraghi, Nasim

European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society

2024

Abstract: Background: Without clear signs of infection, spinal implant failure is attributed to mechanical overloads and aseptic loosening. However, how low-grade infections contribute to seemingly aseptic implant failure is unclear.: Purpose: The systematic ... ...

Abstract	Background: Without clear signs of infection, spinal implant failure is attributed to mechanical overloads and aseptic loosening. However, how low-grade infections contribute to seemingly aseptic implant failure is unclear. Purpose: The systematic review examined unexpected positive cultures (UPCs) in revision spine surgery regarding prevalence, isolated pathogens, risk factors, and strategies to reduce infection among asymptomatic patients undergoing revision spine surgery. Methods: We followed the PRISMA guidelines and searched four main databases (PubMed, EMBASE, SCOPUS, Web of Science) comprehensively until January 2023 for articles reporting UPC after presumed aseptic adult revision spine surgery. The UPC rates were pooled, and risk factors were compared with the culture-negative control group and represented as odds ratio (OR) or mean difference (MD). Results: Fifteen studies of 1057 individuals were included in two groups: culture-positive or UPCs (n = 317) and culture-negative or control (n = 740). The overall UPC prevalence was 33.2% (317/1057, range: 0 to 53%, 95% CI = 30.2%-36.4%), and Cutibacterium acnes (43.0%, 95% CI = 37.4%-48.8%), Coagulase-negative Staphylococci (CoNS), (39.5%, 95% CI = 33.2%-46.2%), and Staphylococcus species in general (49.5%, 95%CI = 43.7%-55.4%) were reported the most common isolated microbes. 16.1% of the UPCs were polymicrobial. Risk factors associated with UPC rates were female sex (OR = 2.62, 95%CI = 1.76-3.90, P < 0.001), screw loosening (OR = 4.43, 95%CI = 1.31-15.02, P = 0.02), number of operated levels (MD = 0.77, 95%CI = 0.33-1.22, P = 0.0007), and shorter time since index surgery (MD = - 8.57 months, 95%CI = - 14.76, -2.39, P = 0.02). Conclusions: One-third of patients undergoing spine revision surgery revealed UPC in this study. Each UPC pathogen interpretation and antibiotic use decision should be interpreted case by case. Level of evidence: IV.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-04
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	1115375-1
ISSN	1432-0932 ; 0940-6719
ISSN (online)	1432-0932
ISSN	0940-6719
DOI	10.1007/s00586-024-08229-2
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Zs.A 3437: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Shoulder Arthroplasty After Previous Nonarthroplasty Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Clinical Outcomes and Complications.

Mirghaderi, Peyman / Azarboo, Alireza / Ghaseminejad-Raeini, Amirhossein / Eshraghi, Nasim / Vahedi, Hamed / Namdari, Surena

JBJS reviews

2024 Volume 12, Issue 3

Abstract: Background: Many patients who undergo shoulder arthroplasty (SA) have had at least 1 nonarthroplasty shoulder surgery before the surgery. There is conflicting evidence regarding the effects of previous shoulder surgery on the outcome of SA. A systematic ...

Abstract	Background: Many patients who undergo shoulder arthroplasty (SA) have had at least 1 nonarthroplasty shoulder surgery before the surgery. There is conflicting evidence regarding the effects of previous shoulder surgery on the outcome of SA. A systematic review was conducted to compare functional outcomes and complications between SA patients with and without prior non-SA surgery on the ipsilateral shoulder. Methods: We followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines and searched MEDLINE/PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science comprehensively from inception to January 2023. Based on 9,279 records reviewed, 26 comparative studies were included in the meta-analysis consisting of 5,431 shoulders with prior nonarthroplasty procedures (cases) and 55,144 shoulders without previous surgery (controls). Variables such as functional scores, complications, and range of motion were compared between cases and controls using Review Manager Software. In addition, subgroup analysis was conducted based on prior surgery type (rotator cuff repair [RCR], open reduction and internal fixation [ORIF], soft tissue repairs, and not specified) and type of SA (hemiarthroplasty, anatomical total shoulder arthroplasty, and reverse total shoulder arthroplasty [RTSA]). The results were presented as odds ratios (ORs) or standardized mean differences (SMDs). Results: Except for a higher rate of periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) in patients who had undergone previous arthroscopic surgery (OR, 2.58; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.66-4.01; p < 0.01), a higher rate of complications was only observed in patients with previous ORIF. These complications included aseptic loosening (OR, 3.43; 95% CI, 2.14-5.50; p < 0.01), shoulder dislocation (OR, 2.25; 95% CI, 1.05-4.84; p = 0.04), overall complication (OR, 3.95; 95% CI, 2.38-6.55; p < 0.01), and revision (OR, 2.52; 95% CI, 1.28-4.97; p = 0.01). Patients with a history of previous surgery demonstrated inferior functional outcomes in comparison with the control group, including American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (SMD, -0.39; 95% CI, -0.51 to -0.27; p < 0.01; I2 = 36%), Constant-Murley score (SMD, -0.34; 95% CI, -0.44 to -0.24; p < 0.01; I2 = 0%), abduction (SMD, -0.26; 95% CI, -0.45 to -0.08; p = 0.01; I2 = 54%), and flexion (SMD, -0.33; 95% CI, -0.46 to -0.21; p < 0.01; I2 = 40%). Subgroup analysis by previous type of surgery was not possible regarding functional outcomes. Conclusion: Patients who have had prior fracture surgery are at a higher risk of complications, reoperations, and revisions after SA than controls. The normal shoulder anatomy may be disrupted by prior surgery, which makes arthroplasty technically challenging, particularly when it comes to soft tissue balance. On the other hand, RCR before SA did not negatively affect clinical outcomes after RTSA and did not have a higher rate of overall complications (except PJI). Level of evidence: Level III (Treatment Studies). See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Shoulder/adverse effects ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Shoulder/methods ; Treatment Outcome ; Hemiarthroplasty ; Shoulder Dislocation
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-20
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Meta-Analysis ; Systematic Review ; Journal Article
ISSN	2329-9185
ISSN (online)	2329-9185
DOI	e23.00239
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Article ; Online: Silent Suffering: The Tragic Suicide Among Medical Residents.

Montazeri, Ali / Hantoushzadeh, Sedigheh / Razavi, Seyed Jafar / Dashtkoohi, Mohadese / Eshraghi, Nasim / Ghaemi, Marjan

Archives of Iranian medicine

2024 Volume 27, Issue 5, Page(s) 287–288

MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Internship and Residency ; Suicide/statistics & numerical data ; Iran/epidemiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-05-01
Publishing country	Iran
Document type	Journal Article ; Letter
ZDB-ID	2204979-4
ISSN	1735-3947 ; 1029-2977
ISSN (online)	1735-3947
ISSN	1029-2977
DOI	10.34172/aim.2024.41
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Zs.A 6228: Show issues

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Article: Empyema with an extensive retroperitoneal abscess after the first dose of the COVID-19 vaccine, a case report.

Yazdi, Seyed Amir Miratashi / Eshraghi, Nasim / Mirzaei, Samira / Nazar, Elham

International journal of surgery case reports

2023 Volume 107, Page(s) 108323

Abstract: Introduction: The most common side effects were mild pain at the injection site and fever after the COVID-19 vaccination. A retroperitoneal abscess is a rare disorder with a deceptive onset and difficult diagnosis. It has various reasons and is related ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: The most common side effects were mild pain at the injection site and fever after the COVID-19 vaccination. A retroperitoneal abscess is a rare disorder with a deceptive onset and difficult diagnosis. It has various reasons and is related to a high mortality rate. Case presentation: A 29-year-old man with a recent history of first-dose Covid-19 vaccination, was referred for dyspnea, chest, and abdominal pain. Chest imaging revealed a lung abscess evacuated to pleural space. Left posterolateral thoracotomy surgery was done. Post-operation abdominopelvic imaging revealed increased fat stranding and fluid collection, suggesting retroperitoneal infection and abscess formation and the patient underwent drainage. Clinical discussion: Common side effects after COVID-19 vaccination were mild and expectable without hospitalization. But in our case, a rare complicated side effect was seen. Conclusion: Uncommon side effects should be observed to recognize whether they are related to the vaccine or not.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-13
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Case Reports
ISSN	2210-2612
ISSN	2210-2612
DOI	10.1016/j.ijscr.2023.108323
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Article: Maternal and perinatal outcomes in pregnant women with COVID-19 in a referral academic center in Iran.

Boustani, Paria / Eslamian, Laleh / Aleyasin, Ashraf / Jamal, Ashraf / Eshraghi, Nasim / Ghaemi, Marjan

International journal of reproductive biomedicine

2023 Volume 21, Issue 9, Page(s) 767–769

Language	English
Publishing date	2023-10-30
Publishing country	Iran
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2898387-7
ISSN	2476-3772 ; 2476-4108
ISSN (online)	2476-3772
ISSN	2476-4108
DOI	10.18502/ijrm.v21i9.14403
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Article ; Online: Breastfeeding success and perceived social support in lactating women with a history of COVID 19 infection: a prospective cohort study.

Moini, Ashraf / Heidari, Fatemeh / Eftekhariyazdi, Mitra / Pirjani, Reihaneh / Ghaemi, Marjan / Eshraghi, Nasim / Rabiei, Maryam

International breastfeeding journal

2023 Volume 18, Issue 1, Page(s) 65

Abstract: Background: Given the limited availability of research on the association between COVID-19 infection and breastfeeding success, the primary objective of this study is to conduct a comprehensive evaluation of this relationship.: Methods: This ... ...

Abstract	Background: Given the limited availability of research on the association between COVID-19 infection and breastfeeding success, the primary objective of this study is to conduct a comprehensive evaluation of this relationship. Methods: This prospective cohort study included 260 women who were on the postnatal ward of an academic hospital affiliated with Tehran University of Medical Sciences during the COVID-19 pandemic (between March and August 2021). Among these women, 130 had tested positive for COVID-19 in pregnancy, while the remaining 130 were considered healthy. The study aimed to assess various factors, including sociodemographic characteristics and the results of four validated questionnaires: The Bristol Breastfeeding Questionnaire, The Multidimensional of Perceived Social Support (MPSS), The Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale (BSES), and The Postpartum Partner Support Scale (PPSS). These questionnaires were administered to each participant to gather relevant data. After eight weeks, a telephone follow-up was carried out to assess the success of breastfeeding. The evaluation focused on determining if exclusive breastfeeding was maintained or not. Data was collected by questioning mothers about their infants' feeding habits in the past 24 h. Exclusive breastfeeding refers to the exclusive use of breast milk without the introduction of other liquids or solid foods. Results: Women with a previous COVID-19 infection (case group) had a lower mean infant gestational age (P < 0.001) and a higher prevalence of cesarean section (P = 0.001) compared to the control group. The proportion of women who exclusively breastfed was higher in the control group (98.5%) than in women with a history of COVID-19 infection (89.2%) (P = 0.011). Furthermore, the case group reported lower scores in perceived social support and the Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale, in contrast to the control group. Notably, there was a significant correlation between breastfeeding success and women's breastfeeding self-efficacy score. Conclusions: The findings of this study offer valuable insights for healthcare professionals, enabling them to promote early initiation of breastfeeding in mothers with a history of COVID-19 infection, while ensuring necessary precautions are taken.
MeSH term(s)	Infant ; Humans ; Female ; Pregnancy ; Breast Feeding ; Prospective Studies ; Cesarean Section ; Lactation ; Pandemics ; COVID-19 ; Iran/epidemiology ; Social Support
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-04
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2227239-2
ISSN	1746-4358 ; 1746-4358
ISSN (online)	1746-4358
ISSN	1746-4358
DOI	10.1186/s13006-023-00601-0
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Article ; Online: Comparing the efficacy of dilapan with extra-amniotic saline infusion and oral misoprostol for cervical ripening in term pregnancies.

Kashanian, Maryam / Eshraghi, Nooshin / Sheikhansari, Narges / Eshraghi, Nasim

The journal of maternal-fetal & neonatal medicine : the official journal of the European Association of Perinatal Medicine, the Federation of Asia and Oceania Perinatal Societies, the International Society of Perinatal Obstetricians

2021 Volume 35, Issue 25, Page(s) 5616–5620

Abstract: Introduction: Labor induction is an important issue in modern obstetrics. One of the important factors for the success of induction of labor is the Bishop score of cervix.: Objective: The purpose of the present study was to evaluate and compare the ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: Labor induction is an important issue in modern obstetrics. One of the important factors for the success of induction of labor is the Bishop score of cervix. Objective: The purpose of the present study was to evaluate and compare the efficacy of dilapan with extra-amniotic saline infusion and oral misoprostol for cervical ripening in term pregnancies. Methods: This clinical trial study was performed on 120 nulliparous pregnant women with the Bishop score of less than 5. Group one, group two and group three received dilapan, extra amniotic saline infusion (EASI) and misoprostol respectively. All three groups were compared for duration from beginning of the intervention up to cervical ripening and Bishop Score of ≥7, duration of active phase and the second stage of labor, number of deliveries in the first 24 h, duration from beginning of the intervention up to delivery, rout of delivery as well as neonatal weight, neonatal Apgar score; hyper- stimulation, and need for oxytocin and oxytocin doses administered after 12 h of intervention. Results: The number of deliveries in the first 24 h after intervention were not significantly different between the three groups. There was no significant difference between the three groups according to duration from beginning of the intervention up to cervical ripening and Bishop Score of ≥7, duration of active phase and the second stage of labor, duration from beginning of the intervention up to delivery, rout of delivery as well as neonatal weight, neonatal Apgar score; and hyperstimulation. The Bishop Score was higher in the misoprostol group 6 h after intervention [dilapan: 4.32 ± 1.38, EASI: 5.47 ± 1.28, and misoprostol: 6.72 ± 1.61 ( Conclusion: Dilapan is an effective and safe method for cervical ripening in full term gestations. In cases where misoprostol and EASI cannot be used or are not desirable, dilapan can be used as an alternative.Trial registration number and registry website: IRCT20091023002624N25.
MeSH term(s)	Female ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Pregnancy ; Administration, Intravaginal ; Cervical Ripening ; Labor, Induced/methods ; Misoprostol/pharmacology ; Oxytocics/pharmacology ; Oxytocin/pharmacology ; Saline Solution
Chemical Substances	dilapan (123535-69-3) ; Misoprostol (0E43V0BB57) ; Oxytocics ; Oxytocin (50-56-6) ; Saline Solution
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-02-23
Publishing country	England
Document type	Clinical Trial ; Comparative Study ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2077261-0
ISSN	1476-4954 ; 1057-0802 ; 1476-7058
ISSN (online)	1476-4954
ISSN	1057-0802 ; 1476-7058
DOI	10.1080/14767058.2021.1888912
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Zs.A 3510: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Correlation between PAPP-A serum levels in the first trimester of pregnancy with the occurrence of gestational diabetes, a multicenter cohort study.

Borna, Sedigheh / Ashrafzadeh, Masoumeh / Ghaemi, Marjan / Eshraghi, Nasim / Hivechi, Nafiseh / Hantoushzadeh, Sedigheh

BMC pregnancy and childbirth

2023 Volume 23, Issue 1, Page(s) 847

Abstract: Objective: This study aimed to investigate the association between first-trimester Pregnancy-associated plasma protein A (PAPP-A) levels and subsequent gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) development.: Method: The study was conducted on 5854 pregnant ...

Abstract	Objective: This study aimed to investigate the association between first-trimester Pregnancy-associated plasma protein A (PAPP-A) levels and subsequent gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) development. Method: The study was conducted on 5854 pregnant women who attended routine prenatal care. Maternal biomarkers, including PAPP-A and free beta hCG, were measured for all women in a referral laboratory and converted to MoM values. Pregnant women were divided into two groups, based on the serum concentration of PAPP-A, (PAPP-A > 0.4 (normal) and PAPP-A < 0.4 (low)). Data on the screening test for GDM and pregnancy outcomes were collected and analyzed with appropriate tests. Result: Of the 5854 pregnant women, 889 (15.19%) developed GDM. The maternal PAPP-A MoM concentrations were significantly lower in GDM cases compared to controls. Indeed, gestational age at delivery and birth weight were significantly lower (p < 0.001) in PAPP-A MoM < 0.4, and the rate of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) was significantly higher (p < 0.001). ROC analysis revealed that the sensitivity and specificity of MoM concentration for predicting GDM were 53.3% and 51.9%, respectively. Conclusion: Lower maternal PAPP-A in early pregnancy can lead to glucose intolerance and increase the risk of subsequent GDM development. In addition, decreased serum concentration of PAPP-A is significantly correlated to lower birth weight and IUGR.
MeSH term(s)	Female ; Humans ; Pregnancy ; Biomarkers ; Birth Weight ; Chorionic Gonadotropin, beta Subunit, Human ; Cohort Studies ; Diabetes, Gestational/epidemiology ; Pregnancy Trimester, First ; Pregnancy-Associated Plasma Protein-A/analysis
Chemical Substances	Biomarkers ; Chorionic Gonadotropin, beta Subunit, Human ; Pregnancy-Associated Plasma Protein-A (EC 3.4.24.-) ; PAPPA protein, human (EC 3.4.24.79)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-11
Publishing country	England
Document type	Multicenter Study ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2059869-5
ISSN	1471-2393 ; 1471-2393
ISSN (online)	1471-2393
ISSN	1471-2393
DOI	10.1186/s12884-023-06155-7
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