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Article ; Online: Implications of size-dependent tree mortality for tropical forest carbon dynamics.

Gora, Evan M / Esquivel-Muelbert, Adriane

Nature plants

2021 Volume 7, Issue 4, Page(s) 384–391

Abstract: Tropical forests are mitigating the ongoing climate crisis by absorbing more atmospheric carbon than they emit. However, widespread increases in tree mortality rates are decreasing the ability of tropical forests to assimilate and store carbon. A ... ...

Abstract	Tropical forests are mitigating the ongoing climate crisis by absorbing more atmospheric carbon than they emit. However, widespread increases in tree mortality rates are decreasing the ability of tropical forests to assimilate and store carbon. A relatively small number of large trees dominate the contributions of these forests to the global carbon budget, yet we know remarkably little about how these large trees die. Here, we propose a cohesive and empirically informed framework for understanding and investigating size-dependent drivers of tree mortality. This theory-based framework enables us to posit that abiotic drivers of tree mortality-particularly drought, wind and lightning-regulate tropical forest carbon cycling via their disproportionate effects on large trees. As global change is predicted to increase the pressure from abiotic drivers, the associated deaths of large trees could rapidly and lastingly reduce tropical forest biomass stocks. Focused investigations of large tree death are needed to understand how shifting drivers of mortality are restructuring carbon cycling in tropical forests.
MeSH term(s)	Biomass ; Carbon Cycle ; Droughts ; Forests ; Population Dynamics ; Trees/growth & development ; Trees/physiology ; Tropical Climate
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-03-29
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ISSN	2055-0278
ISSN (online)	2055-0278
DOI	10.1038/s41477-021-00879-0
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Climatic distribution of tree species in the Atlantic Forest

Klipel, Joice / Bergamin, Rodrigo Scarton / Esquivel‐Muelbert, Adriane / de Lima, Renato A. F. / de Oliveira, Alexandre Adalardo / Prado, Paulo Inácio / Müller, Sandra Cristina

Biotropica. 2022 Sept., v. 54, no. 5

2022

Abstract: Species under milder climates (e.g., warm and wet) tend to experience lower variability in temperature and rainfall regimes and might occur in narrower climatic ranges than species that tolerate harsher conditions (e.g., cold or dry climates). Thus, tree ...

Abstract	Species under milder climates (e.g., warm and wet) tend to experience lower variability in temperature and rainfall regimes and might occur in narrower climatic ranges than species that tolerate harsher conditions (e.g., cold or dry climates). Thus, tree species that occur under harsh conditions should have a broader climatic range, being a small subset of the flora. Here, we assess the influence of climate on species distribution of 1138 tree species from the Atlantic Forest biodiversity hotspot. We investigate their range (or niche breadth), and the “center of gravity” index (or niche optima), along with gradients of mean annual temperature and climatic water deficit (CWD). We further identified those species associated with conditions on different ends of temperature and moisture gradients. We found a small subset of species occurring under colder temperatures or under drier conditions, and these species had a wider niche breadth. The warm or wet‐affiliated species had narrower ranges along with the temperature and the CWD gradients, respectively. Moreover, species affiliated to warm and those to moister conditions had greater densities near their occurrence limits, thus they may be more susceptible to climate changes. We conclude that global climate changes will affect the incidence and abundance distribution patterns of tree species along this threatened biodiversity hotspot, mainly those with narrow niches and within the limit of its distribution. Abstract in Portuguese is available with online material
Keywords	biodiversity ; center of gravity ; climate ; cold ; flora ; forests ; geographical distribution ; rain ; temperature ; trees
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-09
Size	p. 1170-1181.
Publishing place	John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Document type	Article
Note	JOURNAL ARTICLE
ZDB-ID	2052061-X
ISSN	1744-7429 ; 0006-3606
ISSN (online)	1744-7429
ISSN	0006-3606
DOI	10.1111/btp.13140
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: No relationship between biodiversity and forest carbon sink across the subtropical Brazilian Atlantic Forest

Bordin, Kauane Maiara / Esquivel-Muelbert, Adriane / Klipel, Joice / Picolotto, Rayana Caroline / Bergamin, Rodrigo Scarton / da Silva, Ana Carolina / Higuchi, Pedro / Capellesso, Elivane Salete / Marques, Márcia Cristina Mendes / Souza, Alexandre F. / Müller, Sandra Cristina

Associação Brasileira de Ciência Ecológica e Conservação Perspectives in Ecology and Conservation. 2023 Mar. 14,

2023

Abstract: The Brazilian Atlantic Forest (BAF) is a global biodiversity hotspot, but its carbon sink capacity, especially in the subtropical portion, is poorly understood. We aimed to evaluate the relationship between biodiversity measures (i.e., taxonomic, ... ...

Abstract	The Brazilian Atlantic Forest (BAF) is a global biodiversity hotspot, but its carbon sink capacity, especially in the subtropical portion, is poorly understood. We aimed to evaluate the relationship between biodiversity measures (i.e., taxonomic, functional, and phylogenetic diversity) and net carbon change across subtropical BAF, testing whether there is a win-win situation in the conservation of biodiversity and carbon sink capacity across forests of distinct ages. We obtained the net carbon change from 55 permanent plots, from early successional to old-growth forests, by combining the carbon gains and losses across two censuses. We found that subtropical BAF are on average acting as a carbon sink, but carbon gains and losses varied a lot across plots, especially within late successional/old-growth forests. The carbon sink was consistent across different forest ages, and we did not find a relationship between biodiversity and net carbon change in subtropical BAF. Therefore, conservation programs should aim at both targets in order to maximize the protection of biodiversity and carbon capture across the secondary and old-growth subtropical BAF, especially in a scenario of global changes.
Keywords	biodiversity ; carbon ; carbon sinks ; forests ; phylogeny ; Biodiversity conservation ; Carbon dynamics ; Forest dynamics ; Forest productivity ; Net carbon change ; Tree mortality
Language	English
Dates of publication	2023-0314
Publishing place	Elsevier B.V.
Document type	Article ; Online
Note	Pre-press version ; Use and reproduction
ISSN	2530-0644
DOI	10.1016/j.pecon.2023.02.003
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Standardized drought indices in ecological research: Why one size does not fit all

Zang, Christian S / Buras, Allan / Esquivel‐Muelbert, Adriane / Jump, Alistair S / Rigling, Andreas / Rammig, Anja

Global change biology. 2020 Feb., v. 26, no. 2

2020

Abstract: While we generally agree with Slette et al. (Global Change Biol, 2019), that ecologists ‘should do better’ when defining drought in ecological studies, we argue against the uncritical use of a standardized drought index (such as the Standardized ... ...

Abstract	While we generally agree with Slette et al. (Global Change Biol, 2019), that ecologists ‘should do better’ when defining drought in ecological studies, we argue against the uncritical use of a standardized drought index (such as the Standardized Precipitation and Evapotranspiration Index, SPEI; Vicente‐Serrano et al. J Climate, 23: 1696–1718, 2010), as a stand‐alone criterium for quantifying and reporting drought conditions. Specifically, we raise the following issues: (a) standardization can lead to a misrepresentation of actual water supply, especially for moist climates; (b) standardized values are not directly comparable between different reference periods; and finally, (c) spatially coarsely resolved data sources are unlikely to represent site‐level water supply. This article is a commentary on Slette et al., 25, 3193–3200; See also the response to this Letter to the Editor by Slette et al., 26, e1–e3.
Keywords	climate ; drought ; ecologists ; evapotranspiration ; global change ; water supply
Language	English
Dates of publication	2020-02
Size	p. 322-324.
Publishing place	John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Document type	Article
Note	LETTER
ZDB-ID	1281439-8
ISSN	1365-2486 ; 1354-1013
ISSN (online)	1365-2486
ISSN	1354-1013
DOI	10.1111/gcb.14809
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Critical transitions in the Amazon forest system.

Flores, Bernardo M / Montoya, Encarni / Sakschewski, Boris / Nascimento, Nathália / Staal, Arie / Betts, Richard A / Levis, Carolina / Lapola, David M / Esquível-Muelbert, Adriane / Jakovac, Catarina / Nobre, Carlos A / Oliveira, Rafael S / Borma, Laura S / Nian, Da / Boers, Niklas / Hecht, Susanna B / Ter Steege, Hans / Arieira, Julia / Lucas, Isabella L /

Berenguer, Erika / Marengo, José A / Gatti, Luciana V / Mattos, Caio R C / Hirota, Marina

Nature

2024 Volume 626, Issue 7999, Page(s) 555–564

Abstract: The possibility that the Amazon forest system could soon reach a tipping point, inducing large-scale collapse, has raised global ... ...

Abstract	The possibility that the Amazon forest system could soon reach a tipping point, inducing large-scale collapse, has raised global concern
MeSH term(s)	Droughts/statistics & numerical data ; Feedback ; Forests ; Global Warming/prevention & control ; Global Warming/statistics & numerical data ; Trees/growth & development ; Wildfires/statistics & numerical data ; Uncertainty ; Environmental Restoration and Remediation/trends
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-14
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	120714-3
ISSN	1476-4687 ; 0028-0836
ISSN (online)	1476-4687
ISSN	0028-0836
DOI	10.1038/s41586-023-06970-0
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Zs.A 26: Show issues			Location: Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand) bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (1.OG) ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)
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Zs.MO 244: Show issues

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Article ; Online: Standardized drought indices in ecological research: Why one size does not fit all.

Zang, Christian S / Buras, Allan / Esquivel-Muelbert, Adriane / Jump, Alistair S / Rigling, Andreas / Rammig, Anja

Global change biology

2019 Volume 26, Issue 2, Page(s) 322–324

Abstract: While we generally agree with Slette et al. (Global Change Biol, 2019), that ecologists 'should do better' when defining drought in ecological studies, we argue against the uncritical use of a standardized drought index (such as the Standardized ... ...

Abstract	While we generally agree with Slette et al. (Global Change Biol, 2019), that ecologists 'should do better' when defining drought in ecological studies, we argue against the uncritical use of a standardized drought index (such as the Standardized Precipitation and Evapotranspiration Index, SPEI; Vicente-Serrano et al. J Climate, 23: 1696-1718, 2010), as a stand-alone criterium for quantifying and reporting drought conditions. Specifically, we raise the following issues: (a) standardization can lead to a misrepresentation of actual water supply, especially for moist climates; (b) standardized values are not directly comparable between different reference periods; and finally, (c) spatially coarsely resolved data sources are unlikely to represent site-level water supply. This article is a commentary on Slette et al., 25, 3193-3200; See also the response to this Letter to the Editor by Slette et al., 26, e1-e3.
MeSH term(s)	Climate ; Droughts ; Ecology
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-09-13
Publishing country	England
Document type	Letter ; Comment
ZDB-ID	1281439-8
ISSN	1365-2486 ; 1354-1013
ISSN (online)	1365-2486
ISSN	1354-1013
DOI	10.1111/gcb.14809
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: A test of the fast–slow plant economy hypothesis in a subtropical rain forest

Rodrigues, Arthur V. / Pastório, Fábio F. / Bones, Fábio L. V. / Esquivel-Muelbert, Adriane / Vibrans, Alexander C. / de Gasper, André L.

Plant ecology & diversity. 2021 Nov. 02, v. 14, no. 5-6

2021

Abstract: The fast–slow plant economy hypothesis predicts strong co-variation in key resource-use traits due to the trade-off between growth and survival of species. Accordingly, it is expected that trait variation may be reduced to a single dimension along a ... ...

Abstract	The fast–slow plant economy hypothesis predicts strong co-variation in key resource-use traits due to the trade-off between growth and survival of species. Accordingly, it is expected that trait variation may be reduced to a single dimension along a growth-survival gradient. However, some studies warn against such reductionism and promote investigating how a multi-dimensional trait space can be interpreted in a growth-survival trade-off context. To quantify the dimensionality of the trait variation of trees and tree-like species to test the fast–slow plant economy hypothesis in a subtropical rain forest. We conducted phylogenetic Principal Components Analyses and correlation test on traits describing carbon and water economy in the leaves, stem, and seeds to evaluate the dimensionality of trait space and covariation among traits. We found five axes explaining 71% of trait variation. The first and second axes described carbon capture and allocation. Water use economy was related to carbon capture and was also represented on the third axis. Stomata traits were related to the fourth axis and plant potential height to the fourth and fifth axes. The high dimensionality we found suggests that ecological strategies to water and carbon use are diverse in (sub)tropical montane forest species. Therefore, contrary to the expectation, these plants could use different ecological strategies to achieve a similar fitness in the growth–survival gradient.
Keywords	carbon ; montane forests ; phylogeny ; plant ecology ; rain forests
Language	English
Dates of publication	2021-1102
Size	p. 267-277.
Publishing place	Taylor & Francis
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2451208-4
ISSN	1755-1668 ; 1755-0874
ISSN (online)	1755-1668
ISSN	1755-0874
DOI	10.1080/17550874.2022.2039313
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Climate Change Risks to Global Forest Health: Emergence of Unexpected Events of Elevated Tree Mortality Worldwide.

Hartmann, Henrik / Bastos, Ana / Das, Adrian J / Esquivel-Muelbert, Adriane / Hammond, William M / Martínez-Vilalta, Jordi / McDowell, Nate G / Powers, Jennifer S / Pugh, Thomas A M / Ruthrof, Katinka X / Allen, Craig D

Annual review of plant biology

2022 Volume 73, Page(s) 673–702

Abstract: Recent observations of elevated tree mortality following climate extremes, like heat and drought, raise concerns about climate change risks to global forest health. We currently lack both sufficient data and understanding to identify whether these ... ...

Abstract	Recent observations of elevated tree mortality following climate extremes, like heat and drought, raise concerns about climate change risks to global forest health. We currently lack both sufficient data and understanding to identify whether these observations represent a global trend toward increasing tree mortality. Here, we document events of sudden and unexpected elevated tree mortality following heat and drought events in ecosystems that previously were considered tolerant or not at risk of exposure. These events underscore the fact that climate change may affect forests with unexpected force in the future. We use the events as examples to highlight current difficulties and challenges for realistically predicting such tree mortality events and the uncertainties about future forest condition. Advances in remote sensing technology and greater availably of high-resolution data, from both field assessments and satellites, are needed to improve both understanding and prediction of forest responses to future climate change.
MeSH term(s)	Climate Change ; Droughts ; Ecosystem ; Forests ; Trees/physiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-03-01
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
ZDB-ID	2098209-4
ISSN	1545-2123 ; 1543-5008
ISSN (online)	1545-2123
ISSN	1543-5008
DOI	10.1146/annurev-arplant-102820-012804
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Climate and crown damage drive tree mortality in southern Amazonian edge forests

Reis, Simone M. / Marimon, Beatriz S. / Esquivel‐Muelbert, Adriane / Marimon, Ben Hur, Jr / Morandi, Paulo S. / Elias, Fernando / de Oliveira, Edmar A. / Galbraith, David / Feldpausch, Ted R. / Menor, Imma O. / Malhi, Yadvinder / Phillips, Oliver L.

journal of ecology. 2022 Apr., v. 110, no. 4

2022

Abstract: Tree death is a key process for our understanding of how forests are and will respond to global change. The extensive forests across the southern Amazonia edge—the driest, warmest and most fragmented of the Amazon regions—provide a window onto what the ... ...

Abstract	Tree death is a key process for our understanding of how forests are and will respond to global change. The extensive forests across the southern Amazonia edge—the driest, warmest and most fragmented of the Amazon regions—provide a window onto what the future of large parts of Amazonia may look like. Understanding tree mortality and its drivers here is essential to anticipate the process across other parts of the basin. Using 10 years of data from a widespread network of long‐term forest plots, we assessed how trees die (standing, broken or uprooted) and used generalised mixed‐effect models to explore the contribution of plot‐, species‐ and tree‐level factors to the likelihood of tree death. Most trees died from stem breakage (54%); a smaller proportion died standing (41%), while very few were uprooted (5%). The mortality rate for standing dead trees was greatest in forests subject to the most intense dry seasons. While trees with the crown more exposed to light were more prone to death from mechanical damage, trees less exposed were more susceptible to death from drought. At the species level, mortality rates were lowest for those species with the greatest wood density. At the individual tree level, physical damage to the crown via branch breakage was the strongest predictor of tree death. Synthesis. Wind‐ and water deficit‐driven disturbances are the main causes of tree death in southern Amazonia edge which is concerning considering the predicted increase in seasonality for Amazonia, especially at the edge. Tree mortality here is greater than any in other Amazonian region, thus any increase in mortality here may represent a tipping point for these forests.
Keywords	basins ; climate ; death ; drought ; forests ; global change ; mechanical damage ; mortality ; tree mortality ; trees ; wood density ; Amazonia
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-04
Size	p. 876-888.
Publishing place	John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Document type	Article
Note	JOURNAL ARTICLE
ZDB-ID	3023-5
ISSN	0022-0477
ISSN	0022-0477
DOI	10.1111/1365-2745.13849
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Palms and trees resist extreme drought in Amazon forests with shallow water tables

Sousa, Thaiane R / Schietti, Juliana / Coelho de Souza, Fernanda / Esquivel‐Muelbert, Adriane / Ribeiro, Igor O / Emílio, Thaise / Pequeno, Pedro A. C. L / Phillips, Oliver / Costa, Flavia R. C

journal of ecology. 2020 Sept., v. 108, no. 5

2020

Abstract: The intensity and frequency of severe droughts in the Amazon region have increased in the recent decades. These extreme events are associated with changes in forest dynamics, biomass and floristic composition. However, most studies of drought response ... ...

Abstract	The intensity and frequency of severe droughts in the Amazon region have increased in the recent decades. These extreme events are associated with changes in forest dynamics, biomass and floristic composition. However, most studies of drought response have focused on upland forests with deep water tables, which may be especially sensitive to drought. Palms, which tend to dominate the less well‐drained soils, have also been neglected. The relative neglect of shallow water tables and palms is a significant concern for our understanding of tropical drought impacts, especially as one‐third of Amazon forests grow on shallow water tables (<5 m deep). We evaluated the drought response of palms and trees in forests distributed over a 600 km transect in central‐southern Amazonia, where the landscape is dominated by shallow water table forests (SWTF). We compared vegetation dynamics before and following the 2015–2016 El Nino drought, the hottest and driest on record for the region (−214 mm of cumulative water deficit). We observed no change in stand mortality rates and no biomass loss in response to drought in these forests. Instead, we observed an increase in recruitment rates, which doubled to 6.78% year‐¹ ± 4.40 (M ± SD) during 2015–2016 for palms and increased by half for trees (to 2.92% year‐¹ ± 1.21), compared to rates in the pre‐El‐Nino interval. Within these SWTF, mortality and recruitment rates varied as a function of climatic drought intensity and water table depth for both palms and trees, with mortality being greatest in climatically and hydrologically wetter environments and recruitment greatest in drier environments. Across our transect, there was a significant increase over time in tree biomass. Synthesis. Our results indicate that forests growing over shallow water tables—relatively under‐studied vegetation that nonetheless occupies one‐third of Amazon forests—are remarkably resistant to drought. These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that local hydrology and its interactions with climate strongly constrain forest drought effects, and has implications for climate change feedbacks. This work enhances our understanding of integrated drought effects on tropical forest dynamics and highlights the importance of incorporating neglected forest types into both the modelling of forest climate responses and into public decisions about priorities for conservation.
Keywords	El Nino ; biomass ; botanical composition ; climate ; climate change ; drought ; forest dynamics ; highlands ; landscapes ; mortality ; trees ; tropical forests ; water table ; Amazonia
Language	English
Dates of publication	2020-09
Size	p. 2070-2082.
Publishing place	John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Document type	Article
Note	NAL-AP-2-clean ; JOURNAL ARTICLE
ZDB-ID	3023-5
ISSN	0022-0477
ISSN	0022-0477
DOI	10.1111/1365-2745.13377
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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