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Article ; Online: Maximizing the Utility and Comparability of Accelerometer Data from Large-Scale Epidemiologic Studies.

Lee, I-Min / Moore, Christopher C / Evenson, Kelly R

Journal for the measurement of physical behaviour

2023 Volume 6, Issue 1, Page(s) 6–12

Abstract: There is much evidence showing that physical activity is related to optimal health, including physical and mental function, and quality of life. Additionally, data are accumulating with regards to the detrimental health impacts of sedentary behavior. ... ...

Abstract	There is much evidence showing that physical activity is related to optimal health, including physical and mental function, and quality of life. Additionally, data are accumulating with regards to the detrimental health impacts of sedentary behavior. Much of the evidence related to long-term health outcomes, such as cardiovascular disease and cancer - the two leading causes of death in the United States and worldwide, comes from observational epidemiologic studies and, in particular, prospective cohort studies. Few data on these outcomes are derived from randomized controlled trials, conventionally regarded as the "gold standard" of research designs. Why is there a paucity of data from randomized trials on physical activity or sedentary behavior and long-term health outcomes? A further issue to consider is that prospective cohort studies investigating these outcomes can take a long time to accrue sufficient numbers of endpoints for robust and meaningful findings. This contrasts with the rapid pace at which technology advances. Thus, while the use of devices for measuring physical behaviors has been an important development in large-scale epidemiologic studies over the past decade, cohorts that are now publishing results on health outcomes related to accelerometer-assessed physical activity and sedentary behavior may have been initiated years ago, using "dated" technology. This paper, based on a keynote presentation at ICAMPAM 2022, discusses the issues of study design and slow pace of discovery in prospective cohort studies and suggests some possible ways to maximize the utility and comparability of "dated" device data from prospective cohort studies for research investigations, using the Women's Health Study as an example.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-11
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2575-6613
ISSN (online)	2575-6613
DOI	10.1123/jmpb.2022-0035
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Article ; Online: Paradox of occupational and leisure-time physical activity associations with cardiovascular disease.

Cuthbertson, Carmen C / Moore, Christopher C / Evenson, Kelly R

Heart (British Cardiac Society)

2023

Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-02
Publishing country	England
Document type	Editorial
ZDB-ID	1303417-0
ISSN	1468-201X ; 1355-6037
ISSN (online)	1468-201X
ISSN	1355-6037
DOI	10.1136/heartjnl-2022-321856
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Article ; Online: Perception and reality: The mismatch between absolute and relative physical activity intensity during pregnancy and postpartum in United States women.

Hesketh, Kathryn R / Wen, Fang / Herring, Amy H / Siega-Riz, Anna Maria / Evenson, Kelly R

Preventive medicine

2024 Volume 182, Page(s) 107948

Abstract: Objective: To explore whether a mismatch between absolute physical activity intensity (PAI) and relative self-reported PAI exists during pregnancy and postpartum.: Methods: Women from the PIN3/Postpartum study completed physical activity ... ...

Abstract	Objective: To explore whether a mismatch between absolute physical activity intensity (PAI) and relative self-reported PAI exists during pregnancy and postpartum. Methods: Women from the PIN3/Postpartum study completed physical activity questionnaires during pregnancy (n = 770; Trimester 2: T2, Trimester 3: T3) and postpartum (n = 181; 3 months: PP3, 12 months PP12) (2001-2005). Activities women engaged in were assigned Metabolic Equivalent (MET) values for absolute intensity; women self-reported perceived exertion (using the Borg scale) for each activity to provide relative intensity. Hierarchical regression models were used to determine whether a mismatch between absolute and relative PAI (for moderate or vigorous physical activity (MPA; VPA)) differed during pregnancy and postpartum. Models were adjusted for socio-demographic factors. Results: Women commonly overestimated the amount of MPA and VPA they engaged in [T2 MPA mean 60.5 min/week (49.1, 72.0), VPA 3.7 (-1.4, 8.8); T3: MPA 47.7 (38.9, 56.4), 2.9 (-1.7, 7.4); PP3: MPA 69.5 (43.9, 95.1), VPA 15.8 (1.8, 29.7); PP12: MPA 42.20 (26.8, 57.6), VPA 2.75 (-7.8, 12.9)]. Women overestimated both MPA and VPA to a lesser extent at T3 compared to T2 (MPA: β for difference:-12.6 [95%CI: -26.0, -0.9]; VPA: -0.9 [-6.4, 4.6]). Women continued to overestimate their MPA at PP3 and PP12. Conclusions: Compared to absolute PAI, perceived PAI was greater for MPA compared to VPA and differences persisted from pregnancy through postpartum. Future research should focus on how perceptions relate to women's actual physiological capacity and whether this mismatch influences the amount of physical activity women engage in during the transition to motherhood.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-05
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	184600-0
ISSN	1096-0260 ; 0091-7435
ISSN (online)	1096-0260
ISSN	0091-7435
DOI	10.1016/j.ypmed.2024.107948
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Article ; Online: Creating a Community-Level Document Library: Application Using Vision Zero Plans.

Evenson, Kelly R / Keefe, Elyse / LaJeunesse, Seth / Naumann, Rebecca B

Journal of public health management and practice : JPHMP

2023 Volume 29, Issue 3, Page(s) 284–286

Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-10
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
ZDB-ID	2027860-3
ISSN	1550-5022 ; 1078-4659
ISSN (online)	1550-5022
ISSN	1078-4659
DOI	10.1097/PHH.0000000000001702
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Article ; Online: Mixed-methods approach to describing Vision Zero initiatives in United States' municipalities.

Evenson, Kelly R / LaJeunesse, Seth / Keefe, Elyse / Naumann, Rebecca B

Accident; analysis and prevention

2023 Volume 184, Page(s) 107012

Abstract: Vision Zero (VZ) aims to reduce fatalities and serious injuries from road traffic crashes to zero through a Safe Systems approach. Little is known about the extent of uptake of VZ in the United States (US), or the attributes and functioning of the ... ...

Abstract	Vision Zero (VZ) aims to reduce fatalities and serious injuries from road traffic crashes to zero through a Safe Systems approach. Little is known about the extent of uptake of VZ in the United States (US), or the attributes and functioning of the initiatives. Using a mixed-methods design, our objectives were to describe the status of VZ implementation and characteristics of those initiatives among US municipalities. Websites of all US municipalities with a population of at least 50,000 (n = 788) were searched to identify involvement in VZ. When initiatives were identified, we abstracted information from their website and other published documents, using a comprehensive framework of best practice VZ components. From the VZ initiatives identified, we interviewed representatives from 12 municipalities with diversity by region of the country, population size, and VZ implementation. Interviews were recorded, transcribed, and coded for themes. Through systematic web-based searching, we identified 86 of 788 (10.9%) municipalities with a VZ initiative. Among 314 larger municipalities (population >=100,000), 68 (21.7%) were identified. Among 476 medium-size municipalities (population of 50,000-99,999), 18 (3.8%) were identified. VZ initiatives began as early as 2014, starting with larger municipalities, and followed in 2015 with medium-size municipalities. Among the VZ initiatives, 58 (67.4%) recorded a vision statement, with 51 (59.3%) setting a target year to reach zero deaths. Thirty-nine (45.3%) had published VZ plans, with another 22 (25.6%) working towards a plan. Twenty-five initiatives (29.1%) shared resources across stakeholder groups, such as funding or staff. Forty-six initiatives (53.5%) had an established coalition, and 18 (20.9%) proposed or were developing a coalition. Twenty-six initiatives (30.2%) provided regular updates or evaluation on progress towards performance metrics, but only 4 (4.7%) had implemented a performance management system to regularly track progress on VZ-related actions. The interviews provided further context and a more detailed understanding of results. Documenting the characteristics of VZ initiatives among US municipalities can contribute to an understanding of current practice, potential opportunities to support ongoing initiatives, and information to assist new initiatives. Ultimately, the impact of municipal-level VZ efforts should be evaluated with regards to traffic-related serious injuries and fatalities.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; United States ; Accidents, Traffic/prevention & control ; Cities ; Benchmarking
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-26
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	210223-7
ISSN	1879-2057 ; 0001-4575
ISSN (online)	1879-2057
ISSN	0001-4575
DOI	10.1016/j.aap.2023.107012
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Article ; Online: Validity, Reliability, and Usability of a Smartphone App to Measure Bicycling Location.

Porter, Anna K / Evenson, Kelly R / Griffin, G P

Findings (Sydney (N.S.W.)

2022 Volume 2022

Abstract: This study evaluates concurrent validity, test-retest reliability, and usability of the Strava smartphone app for measuring bicycling locations in urban and rural field tests. Strava location data were inside an 11-meter buffer on average 64% of the time ...

Abstract	This study evaluates concurrent validity, test-retest reliability, and usability of the Strava smartphone app for measuring bicycling locations in urban and rural field tests. Strava location data were inside an 11-meter buffer on average 64% of the time compared to Qstarz' 52%, over 100 evaluations (n participants=73). Most participants agreed or strongly agreed that the Strava app was useful (83%) and that they would prefer to use a smartphone app to track their bicycling (42%). Results indicate that the Strava app is reliable and valid for measuring bicycling locations in these field tests.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-12-29
Publishing country	Australia
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2652-8800
ISSN (online)	2652-8800
DOI	10.32866/001c.57773
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Article ; Online: Review of Validity and Reliability of Garmin Activity Trackers.

Evenson, Kelly R / Spade, Camden L

Journal for the measurement of physical behaviour

2020 Volume 3, Issue 2, Page(s) 170–185

Abstract: Purpose: A systematic review to summarize the validity and reliability of steps, distance, energy expenditure, speed, elevation, heart rate, and sleep assessed by Garmin activity trackers.: Methods: Searches included studies published through ... ...

Abstract	Purpose: A systematic review to summarize the validity and reliability of steps, distance, energy expenditure, speed, elevation, heart rate, and sleep assessed by Garmin activity trackers. Methods: Searches included studies published through December 31, 2018. Correlation coefficients (CC) were assessed as low (<0.60), moderate (0.60-<0.75), good (0.75-<0.90), or excellent (>=0.90). Mean absolute percentage errors (MAPE) were assessed as acceptable at <5% in controlled conditions and <10% for free-living. Results: Overall, 32 studies of adults documented validity. Four of these studies also documented reliability. The sample size ranged from 1 to 95 for validity and 4 to 31 for reliability testing. Step inter- and intra-reliability was good-to-excellent and speed intra-reliability was excellent. No other features were explored for reliability. Step validity, across 16 studies, generally indicated good-to-excellent CC and acceptable MAPE. Distance validity, tested in three studies, generally indicated poor CC and MAPE that exceeded acceptable limits, with both over and underestimation. Energy expenditure validity, across 12 studies, generally indicated wide variability in CC and MAPE that exceeded acceptable limits. Heart rate validity in five studies had low-to-excellent CC and all MAPE exceeded acceptable limits. Speed, elevation, and sleep validity were assessed in only one or two studies each; for sleep, the criterion relied on self-report rather than polysomnography. Conclusion: This systematic review of Garmin activity trackers among adults indicated higher validity of steps; few studies on speed, elevation, and sleep; and lower validity for distance, energy expenditure, and heart rate. Intra- and inter-device feature reliability needs further testing.
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-06-24
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2575-6613
ISSN (online)	2575-6613
DOI	10.1123/jmpb.2019-0035
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Article ; Online: The association between physical activity and sleep during pregnancy: a systematic review.

Cannon, Summer S / Lastella, Michele / Evenson, Kelly R / Hayman, Melanie J

Behavioral sleep medicine

2022 Volume 21, Issue 4, Page(s) 513–528

Abstract: Objectives: Pregnant women frequently report experiencing poor sleep. Poor sleep during pregnancy is associated with negative health outcomes for both mother and baby. Physical activity (PA), including exercise may be an effective non-pharmacological ... ...

Abstract	Objectives: Pregnant women frequently report experiencing poor sleep. Poor sleep during pregnancy is associated with negative health outcomes for both mother and baby. Physical activity (PA), including exercise may be an effective non-pharmacological strategy for improving sleep during pregnancy. The aim of this systematic review was to synthesize the current literature on the association between physical activity (including exercise) and sleep during pregnancy. Method: A systematic online search was undertaken between 15-16 February 2022 in PsycINFO, CINAHL, Embase and PubMed. To meet the inclusion criteria articles had to; [1] be published in a peer reviewed journal; [2] consist of pregnant participants; and [3] be published in English. Studies were excluded if they were not published in English and did not investigate the association between a type of physical activity (including exercise) and a sleep variable during a trimester of pregnancy. Results: Ten studies were included in this review. Five of the ten studies used observational data collection measures and the remaining five used intervention based methods. Eight of the ten included studies found PA (including exercise) was positively associated with sleep during pregnancy. Conclusion: In order to properly establish PA as a strategy to improve sleep during pregnancy, future research should aim to determine the PA characteristics most beneficial to sleep during pregnancy across each trimester.
MeSH term(s)	Pregnancy ; Female ; Humans ; Exercise ; Pregnant Women ; Sleep
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-09-16
Publishing country	England
Document type	Systematic Review ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2099743-7
ISSN	1540-2010 ; 1540-2002
ISSN (online)	1540-2010
ISSN	1540-2002
DOI	10.1080/15402002.2022.2124258
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Article: Outpatient Cardiac Rehabilitation Services, Participants and Workforce in North Carolina: Results of a 2019 Survey of Cardiac Rehabilitation Program Directors.

Aylward, Aileen / Evenson, Kelly R / Kucharska-Newton, Anna / Bush, Montika

North Carolina medical journal

2022 Volume 83, Issue 2, Page(s) 134–141

Abstract: ... ...

Abstract	BACKGROUND
MeSH term(s)	Aged ; Cardiac Rehabilitation ; Humans ; Male ; North Carolina ; Outpatients ; Quality of Life ; Workforce
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-03-07
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	422795-5
ISSN	0029-2559
ISSN	0029-2559
DOI	10.18043/ncm.83.2.134
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Article ; Online: A systematic scoping review of latent class analysis applied to accelerometry-assessed physical activity and sedentary behavior.

Kebede, Michael / Howard, Annie Green / Ren, Yumeng / Anuskiewicz, Blake / Di, Chongzhi / Troester, Melissa A / Evenson, Kelly R

PloS one

2024 Volume 19, Issue 1, Page(s) e0283884

Abstract: Background: Latent class analysis (LCA) identifies distinct groups within a heterogeneous population, but its application to accelerometry-assessed physical activity and sedentary behavior has not been systematically explored. We conducted a systematic ... ...

Abstract	Background: Latent class analysis (LCA) identifies distinct groups within a heterogeneous population, but its application to accelerometry-assessed physical activity and sedentary behavior has not been systematically explored. We conducted a systematic scoping review to describe the application of LCA to accelerometry. Methods: Comprehensive searches in PubMed, Web of Science, CINHAL, SPORTDiscus, and Embase identified studies published through December 31, 2021. Using Covidence, two researchers independently evaluated inclusion criteria and discrepancies were resolved by consensus. Studies with LCA applied to accelerometry or combined accelerometry/self-reported measures were selected. Data extracted included study characteristics and both accelerometry and LCA methods. Results: Of 2555 papers found, 66 full-text papers were screened, and 12 papers (11 cross-sectional, 1 cohort) from 8 unique studies were included. Study sample sizes ranged from 217-7931 (mean 2249, standard deviation 2780). Across 8 unique studies, latent class variables included measures of physical activity (100%) and sedentary behavior (75%). About two-thirds (63%) of the studies used accelerometry only and 38% combined accelerometry and self-report to derive latent classes. The accelerometer-based variables in the LCA model included measures by day of the week (38%), weekday vs. weekend (13%), weekly average (13%), dichotomized minutes/day (13%), sex specific z-scores (13%), and hour-by-hour (13%). The criteria to guide the selection of the final number of classes and model fit varied across studies, including Bayesian Information Criterion (63%), substantive knowledge (63%), entropy (50%), Akaike information criterion (50%), sample size (50%), Bootstrap likelihood ratio test (38%), and visual inspection (38%). The studies explored up to 5 (25%), 6 (38%), or 7+ (38%) classes, ending with 3 (50%), 4 (13%), or 5 (38%) final classes. Conclusions: This review explored the application of LCA to physical activity and sedentary behavior and identified areas of improvement for future studies leveraging LCA. LCA was used to identify unique groupings as a data reduction tool, to combine self-report and accelerometry, and to combine different physical activity intensities and sedentary behavior in one LCA model or separate models.
MeSH term(s)	Female ; Male ; Humans ; Sedentary Behavior ; Bayes Theorem ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Latent Class Analysis ; Accelerometry ; Exercise
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-22
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Systematic Review ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2267670-3
ISSN	1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
ISSN (online)	1932-6203
ISSN	1932-6203
DOI	10.1371/journal.pone.0283884
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