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  1. Article ; Online: Identifying high-risk subgroups for self-harm in adolescents and young adults: A longitudinal latent class analysis of risk factors.

    McEvoy, David / Brannigan, Ross / Walsh, Cathal / Arensman, Ella / Clarke, Mary

    Journal of affective disorders

    2024  Volume 351, Page(s) 40–48

    Abstract: Background: Self-harm is a major public health concern in young people and is governed by a complex interaction of different risk factors. While many studies have identified these risk factors, less is known about how they tend to co-occur together.: ... ...

    Abstract Background: Self-harm is a major public health concern in young people and is governed by a complex interaction of different risk factors. While many studies have identified these risk factors, less is known about how they tend to co-occur together.
    Methods: A latent class analysis was conducted using risk factors for self-harm from two waves at ages 13 and 17 from the Growing Up in Ireland (GUI) study their associations with self-harm were examined longitudinally at ages 17 and 20, respectively.
    Results: At age 13, there was a 'peer problems' group with higher probabilities of bullying, being unpopular and internalising problems and a 'school and substance use problems' group with higher probabilities of substance use, truancy or excessive absence from school and violence. Both of these two groups had over a two-fold risk of self-harm at age 17 in comparison to the low risk factor group. At age 17, there was a group with depression that was diagnosed by a medical professional with the highest relative risk (RR:13.9 (95 % CI 10.2-19.0)) of self-harm at age 20. Two other groups with undiagnosed depression had high probabilities of being bullied, and either high or low probabilities of substance use that had a 9.4 (95 % CI 6.8-13.1) and 7.4 (95 % CI 5.5-10.0) relative risk of self-harm at age 20, respectively.
    Conclusions: Identifying hidden sub-groups using risk factors for self-harm in young people can inform potential public health interventions by clinicians and other professionals who work with young people.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Adolescent ; Young Adult ; Adult ; Latent Class Analysis ; Self-Injurious Behavior/diagnosis ; Risk Factors ; Bullying ; Substance-Related Disorders/epidemiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-28
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 135449-8
    ISSN 1573-2517 ; 0165-0327
    ISSN (online) 1573-2517
    ISSN 0165-0327
    DOI 10.1016/j.jad.2024.01.230
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article: Land tenure and urban climate resilience in the South Pacific

    McEvoy, Darryn / Mitchell, David / Trundle, Alexei

    Climate and development. 2020 Jan. 2, v. 12, no. 1

    2020  

    Abstract: Urbanisation trends and global environmental change are two of the most critical modern-day stressors threatening the resilience of cities around the world. This paper focuses on Honiara, the capital city of the Solomon Islands, which is experiencing ... ...

    Abstract Urbanisation trends and global environmental change are two of the most critical modern-day stressors threatening the resilience of cities around the world. This paper focuses on Honiara, the capital city of the Solomon Islands, which is experiencing rapid urbanisation and a resultant spread of informal settlements. Similar to other primary cities in the South Pacific, the rate of urbanisation is severely testing the local government’s ability to respond to growing levels of informality; and increasing the climate vulnerability of residents. Based on recent urban climate resilience and land tenure research conducted for the United Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-Habitat) and the Global Land Tool Network (GLTN) respectively, the paper analyses land issues in two informal settlements in Honiara to highlight the inter-linkages between security of land tenure and climate vulnerability, and how insecure land tenure adversely impacts local adaptive capacity and adaptation planning. This analysis is embedded in the context of the South Pacific region, where duality tensions exist between Western-influenced land tenure arrangements within cities - a legacy of colonial times - and customary arrangements that operate in the surrounding peri-urban and provincial areas. Given the identification of strong links between security of land tenure and climate vulnerability, and the complexity of property rights in the region, the paper argues that principles of good land governance are an essential component of climate resilience thinking and actions.
    Keywords cities ; climate ; global change ; governance ; land tenure ; local government ; planning ; property rights ; United Nations ; urbanization ; Solomon Islands
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2020-0102
    Size p. 1-11.
    Publishing place Taylor & Francis
    Document type Article
    ISSN 1756-5537
    DOI 10.1080/17565529.2019.1594666
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  3. Article ; Online: Use of machine learning to predict clinical decision support compliance, reduce alert burden, and evaluate duplicate laboratory test ordering alerts.

    Baron, Jason M / Huang, Richard / McEvoy, Dustin / Dighe, Anand S

    JAMIA open

    2021  Volume 4, Issue 1, Page(s) ooab006

    Abstract: Objectives: While well-designed clinical decision support (CDS) alerts can improve patient care, utilization management, and population health, excessive alerting may be counterproductive, leading to clinician burden and alert fatigue. We sought to ... ...

    Abstract Objectives: While well-designed clinical decision support (CDS) alerts can improve patient care, utilization management, and population health, excessive alerting may be counterproductive, leading to clinician burden and alert fatigue. We sought to develop machine learning models to predict whether a clinician will accept the advice provided by a CDS alert. Such models could reduce alert burden by targeting CDS alerts to specific cases where they are most likely to be effective.
    Materials and methods: We focused on a set of laboratory test ordering alerts, deployed at 8 hospitals within the Partners Healthcare System. The alerts notified clinicians of duplicate laboratory test orders and advised discontinuation. We captured key attributes surrounding 60 399 alert firings, including clinician and patient variables, and whether the clinician complied with the alert. Using these data, we developed logistic regression models to predict alert compliance.
    Results: We identified key factors that predicted alert compliance; for example, clinicians were less likely to comply with duplicate test alerts triggered in patients with a prior abnormal result for the test or in the context of a nonvisit-based encounter (eg, phone call). Likewise, differences in practice patterns between clinicians appeared to impact alert compliance. Our best-performing predictive model achieved an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.82. Incorporating this model into the alerting logic could have averted more than 1900 alerts at a cost of fewer than 200 additional duplicate tests.
    Conclusions: Deploying predictive models to target CDS alerts may substantially reduce clinician alert burden while maintaining most or all the CDS benefit.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-03-01
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2574-2531
    ISSN (online) 2574-2531
    DOI 10.1093/jamiaopen/ooab006
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Live imaging of microtubule organization, cell expansion, and intercellular space formation in Arabidopsis leaf spongy mesophyll cells.

    Zhang, Liyong / McEvoy, Delanie / Le, Yen / Ambrose, Chris

    The Plant cell

    2021  Volume 33, Issue 3, Page(s) 623–641

    Abstract: Leaf spongy mesophyll cells form an interconnected network of branched cells and intercellular spaces to maximize the surface area available for light capture and photosynthetic gas exchange. To investigate the morphogenetic events leading to cell ... ...

    Abstract Leaf spongy mesophyll cells form an interconnected network of branched cells and intercellular spaces to maximize the surface area available for light capture and photosynthetic gas exchange. To investigate the morphogenetic events leading to cell separation and branching in Arabidopsis thaliana, we used mesophyll-specific promoters to facilitate imaging of mesophyll cell shape and microtubule (MT) organization over multiple spatiotemporal scales without interference from the overlying epidermal cells. We show that cells enlarge by selective expansion of cell wall regions in contact with intercellular spaces. Cell-cell contacts remain relatively fixed in size, forming the termini of interconnecting branches. Surprisingly, classic schizogeny (de-adhesion of neighboring cells) is relatively infrequent, being related to the local topology of cell junctions during early expansion. Intercellular spaces cue the position of stable MT bundles, which in turn promote efficient dilation of intercellular spaces and cell branching. Our data provide insights into mesophyll morphogenesis and MT organization and lay the groundwork for future investigations.
    MeSH term(s) Arabidopsis/genetics ; Arabidopsis/metabolism ; Arabidopsis Proteins/genetics ; Arabidopsis Proteins/metabolism ; Cell Cycle/genetics ; Cell Cycle/physiology ; Cell Proliferation/genetics ; Cell Proliferation/physiology ; Mesophyll Cells/metabolism ; Microtubules/metabolism ; Photosynthesis/genetics ; Photosynthesis/physiology
    Chemical Substances Arabidopsis Proteins
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-05-06
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 623171-8
    ISSN 1532-298X ; 1040-4651
    ISSN (online) 1532-298X
    ISSN 1040-4651
    DOI 10.1093/plcell/koaa036
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Risk and protective factors for self-harm in adolescents and young adults: An umbrella review of systematic reviews.

    McEvoy, David / Brannigan, Ross / Cooke, Lorcan / Butler, Emma / Walsh, Cathal / Arensman, Ella / Clarke, Mary

    Journal of psychiatric research

    2023  Volume 168, Page(s) 353–380

    Abstract: We conducted an umbrella review to synthesise the evidence from systematic reviews and meta-analyses that examined the risk and protective factors for self-harm in young people. We searched six different databases and used the AMSTAR-2 checklist for ... ...

    Abstract We conducted an umbrella review to synthesise the evidence from systematic reviews and meta-analyses that examined the risk and protective factors for self-harm in young people. We searched six different databases and used the AMSTAR-2 checklist for quality assessment. The importance of each risk and protective factor was determined based on (1) the number of times it was identified by general reviews examining any risk or protective factor, and (2) the effect sizes from meta-analyses. There were 61 systematic reviews included in this review. The most frequently identified risk factors for self-harm in young people included childhood abuse, depression/anxiety, bullying, trauma, psychiatric illnesses, substance use/abuse, parental divorce, poor family relationships, lack of friends, and exposure to self-harm behaviour in others. The risk factors with the strongest evidence for an association with self-harm were behavioural disorders, personality disorders and depression or anxiety. There was a dearth of systematic reviews examining protective factors but good family/friend relationships were most frequently identified. There was also evidence to show that non-suicidal and suicidal self-harm shared many of the same risk factors. Clinicians and other professionals who work with young people should be particularly cognisant of the psychiatric and adverse life event risk factors as well as the substance use, education-related and individual-level (e.g. being LGB) risk factors for self-harm. Knowledge of risk factors for self-harm can potentially be used to inform the design and implementation of prevention measures and further research is needed on the protective factors for self-harm.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Adolescent ; Young Adult ; Child ; Protective Factors ; Systematic Reviews as Topic ; Self-Injurious Behavior/epidemiology ; Self-Injurious Behavior/psychology ; Suicidal Ideation ; Risk Factors ; Substance-Related Disorders/epidemiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-10-20
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Review ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 3148-3
    ISSN 1879-1379 ; 0022-3956
    ISSN (online) 1879-1379
    ISSN 0022-3956
    DOI 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2023.10.017
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: The accuracy of MRI in detecting pathological complete response following neoadjuvant chemotherapy in different breast cancer subtypes.

    Kuzmova, Miroslava / Cullinane, Carolyn / Rutherford, Claire / McCartan, Damian / Rothwell, Jane / Evoy, Denis / Geraghty, James / Prichard, Ruth S

    Surgical oncology

    2023  Volume 51, Page(s) 102011

    Abstract: Background: Pathological complete response (pCR) following neo-adjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) for breast cancer is associated with improved disease-free and overall survival in certain breast cancer subtypes. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is ... ...

    Abstract Background: Pathological complete response (pCR) following neo-adjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) for breast cancer is associated with improved disease-free and overall survival in certain breast cancer subtypes. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is increasingly used as standard to assess treatment response in patients receiving NACT. The aim of this study was to determine the clinical utility of MRI in accurately predicting pCR post-NACT.
    Methods: A single-centre, retrospective study was conducted in breast cancer patients, who received NACT between 2013 and 2020. Patients who had an MRI before and after NACT were included. Pathological and MRI radiological response rates to NACT were analyzed and MRI accuracy assessed in detecting pCR according to breast cancer subtype.
    Results: One hundred and sixty-seven patients were included in the study. Forty-one of the 167 patients achieved pCR (24.6 %), with the highest proportion in HR- HER2+ subgroup (58.3 %), followed by triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) (35 %). Only 22.2 % and 10.5 % of patients with HR + HER2+ and HR + HER2-respectively achieved pCR. The overall accuracy of MRI in predicting pCR after NACT was 77.3 %. The greatest accuracy was in TNBC (87.5 %) with a specificity and positive predictive value (PPV) of 100 % and the highest number of correctly diagnosed complete responses (14 of 40). MRI was less accurate in predicting response rates in HR + HER2- (PPV 91.2 %) and HR + HER2+ groups (PPV 90.5 %). MRI performed significantly better in predicting complete response in TNBC compared to HR + HER2-subtype (p = 0.0057).
    Conclusion: MRI is a clinically useful adjunct in assessing pCR following NACT and appears to predict pathological response more accurately in TNBC compared to HR + HER2-breast cancer subtypes. This has significant clinical implications in terms of surgical planning, adjuvant treatment options and prognosis.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Female ; Breast Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging ; Breast Neoplasms/drug therapy ; Breast Neoplasms/pathology ; Neoadjuvant Therapy/methods ; Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging ; Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms/drug therapy ; Retrospective Studies ; Prognosis ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use ; Chemotherapy, Adjuvant ; Receptor, ErbB-2
    Chemical Substances Receptor, ErbB-2 (EC 2.7.10.1)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-10-31
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1107810-8
    ISSN 1879-3320 ; 0960-7404
    ISSN (online) 1879-3320
    ISSN 0960-7404
    DOI 10.1016/j.suronc.2023.102011
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Book ; Online: Using subseasonal-to-seasonal (S2S) extreme rainfall forecasts for extended-range flood prediction in Australia

    White, C. J. / Franks, S. W. / McEvoy, D.

    eISSN: 2199-899X

    2018  

    Abstract: Meteorological and hydrological centres around the world are looking at ways to improve their capacity to be able to produce and deliver skilful and reliable forecasts of high-impact extreme rainfall and flooding events on a range of prediction ... ...

    Abstract Meteorological and hydrological centres around the world are looking at ways to improve their capacity to be able to produce and deliver skilful and reliable forecasts of high-impact extreme rainfall and flooding events on a range of prediction timescales (e.g. sub-daily, daily, multi-week, seasonal). Making improvements to extended-range rainfall and flood forecast models, assessing forecast skill and uncertainty, and exploring how to apply flood forecasts and communicate their benefits to decision-makers are significant challenges facing the forecasting and water resources management communities. This paper presents some of the latest science and initiatives from Australia on the development, application and communication of extreme rainfall and flood forecasts on the extended-range "subseasonal-to-seasonal" (S2S) forecasting timescale, with a focus on risk-based decision-making, increasing flood risk awareness and preparedness, capturing uncertainty, understanding human responses to flood forecasts and warnings, and the growing adoption of "climate services". The paper also demonstrates how forecasts of flood events across a range of prediction timescales could be beneficial to a range of sectors and society, most notably for disaster risk reduction (DRR) activities, emergency management and response, and strengthening community resilience. Extended-range S2S extreme flood forecasts, if presented as easily accessible, timely and relevant information are a valuable resource to help society better prepare for, and subsequently cope with, extreme flood events.
    Subject code 333
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-01-15
    Publishing country de
    Document type Book ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  8. Article: Role of surgery in mild primary hyperparathyroidism in the elderly (Br J Surg 2000; 87: 1640-49).

    Evoy, D

    The British journal of surgery

    2001  Volume 88, Issue 4, Page(s) 595

    MeSH term(s) Aged ; Humans ; Hyperparathyroidism/surgery ; Prospective Studies ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
    Language English
    Publishing date 2001-04
    Publishing country England
    Document type Comment ; Letter
    ZDB-ID 2985-3
    ISSN 0007-1323 ; 0263-1202 ; 1355-7688
    ISSN 0007-1323 ; 0263-1202 ; 1355-7688
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: The association between breast density and breast cancer pathological response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

    Cullinane, C / Brien, A O / Shrestha, A / Hanlon, E O / Walshe, J / Geraghty, J / Evoy, D / McCartan, D / McDermott, E / Prichard, R

    Breast cancer research and treatment

    2022  Volume 194, Issue 2, Page(s) 385–392

    Abstract: Purpose: Mammographic Density (MD) refers to the amount of fibroglandular breast tissue present in the breast and is an established risk factor for developing breast cancer. The ability to evaluate treatment response dynamically renders neoadjuvant ... ...

    Abstract Purpose: Mammographic Density (MD) refers to the amount of fibroglandular breast tissue present in the breast and is an established risk factor for developing breast cancer. The ability to evaluate treatment response dynamically renders neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) the preferred treatment option in many clinical scenarios. Previous studies have suggested that MD can predict patients likely to achieve a pathological complete response (pCR) to NACT. We aimed to determine whether there is a causal relationship between BI-RADS breast composition categories for breast density at diagnosis and the pCR rate and residual cancer burden score (RCB) by performing a retrospective review on consecutive breast cancer patients who received NACT in a tertiary referral centre from 2015 to 2021.
    Methods: The Mann-Whitney U Test was used to test for differences between two independent groups (i.e. those who achieved pCR and those who did not). A binary logistic regression model was used to estimate odds ratios (OR) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI) for an association between the independent variables of molecular subtype, MD, histological grade and FNA positivity and the dependant variable of pCR. Statistical analysis was conducted with SPSS (IBM SPSS for Mac, Version 26.0; IBM Corp).
    Results: 292 patients were included in the current study. There were 124, 155 and 13 patients in the BI-RADS MD category b, c and d, respectively. There were no patients in the BI-RADS MD category a. The patients with less dense breast composition (MD category b) were significantly older than patients with denser breast composition (MD category c, d) (p = 0.001) and patients who had a denser breast composition (MD category d) were more likely to have ER+ tumours. There was no significant difference in PgR status, HER2 status, pathological complete response (pCR), FNA positivity, or RCB class dependent upon the three MD categories. A binary logistic regression revealed that patients with HER2-enriched breast cancer and triple-negative breast cancer are more likely to achieve pCR with an OR of 3.630 (95% CI 1.360-9.691, p = 0.010) and 2.445 (95% CI 1.131-5.288, p = 0.023), respectively.
    Conclusion: Whilst dense MD was associated with ER positivity and these women were less likely to achieve a pCR, MD did not appear to independently predict pCR post-NACT.
    MeSH term(s) Breast/diagnostic imaging ; Breast/pathology ; Breast/surgery ; Breast Density ; Breast Neoplasms/pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Mammography ; Neoadjuvant Therapy/adverse effects
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-05-23
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 604563-7
    ISSN 1573-7217 ; 0167-6806
    ISSN (online) 1573-7217
    ISSN 0167-6806
    DOI 10.1007/s10549-022-06616-1
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Refining the Measurement of Insomnia in Patients With Obstructive Sleep Apnea.

    Sweetman, Alexander / Lack, Leon / McEvoy, Doug

    Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine

    2019  Volume 15, Issue 12, Page(s) 1717–1719

    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Polysomnography ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive ; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders ; United States ; Veterans
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-11-02
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 2397213-0
    ISSN 1550-9397 ; 1550-9389
    ISSN (online) 1550-9397
    ISSN 1550-9389
    DOI 10.5664/jcsm.8108
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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