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Article ; Online: Assessment of cerebral blood flow velocities, brain midline shift and optic nerve sheath diameter by ultrasound in patients undergoing elective craniotomy: A prospective observational feasibility study.

Valencia, J A / Fabregas, N / Tercero, J / Valero, R

Revista espanola de anestesiologia y reanimacion

2023 Volume 70, Issue 5, Page(s) 269–275

Abstract: Background: Brain ultrasound allows measuring the cerebral flow velocity, brain midline shift and optic nerve sheath diameter. Literature is scarce in determining the feasibility to perioperatively perform these measurements altogether and the ... ...

Abstract	Background: Brain ultrasound allows measuring the cerebral flow velocity, brain midline shift and optic nerve sheath diameter. Literature is scarce in determining the feasibility to perioperatively perform these measurements altogether and the cerebrovascular behavior in patients scheduled for elective craniotomy. Methods: We assessed bilateral cerebral flow velocities, composite index, brain midline shift and optic nerve sheath diameter by cerebral ultrasound in patients scheduled for elective craniotomy before anesthetic induction, at extubation, and at 6 and 24 h after. The aim was to assess the feasibility of brain ultrasound in patients for elective craniotomy and to describe the changes in cerebral flow velocities, brain midline shift and optic nerve sheath diameter from baseline values at different times in the postoperative period. Results: Sixteen patients were included, of these two were excluded from analysis due to an inadequate sonographic window. There were no changes throughout the study regarding cerebral flow velocity, brain midline shift nor optic nerve sheath diameter assessments. All parameters were maintained in the physiological range without significant variations during the procedure. No perioperative complications were detected. Conclusions: The results of our study show the feasibility to perform a perioperative assessment of cerebral flow velocity, brain midline shift or optic nerve sheath diameter jointly and successfully to obtain additional information of baseline cerebral hemodynamics in patients scheduled for elective craniotomy and their postoperative changes during the first 24 h. Future studies with lager samples are needed to address the efficacy of cerebral ultrasound as a monitoring tool.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Feasibility Studies ; Blood Flow Velocity ; Ultrasonography, Doppler, Transcranial ; Brain ; Craniotomy ; Optic Nerve/diagnostic imaging
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-05
Publishing country	Spain
Document type	Observational Study ; Journal Article
ISSN	2341-1929
ISSN (online)	2341-1929
DOI	10.1016/j.redare.2022.02.008
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Article: The reliance of phytohormone biosynthesis on primary metabolite precursors

Fàbregas, Norma / Fernie, Alisdair R.

Journal of plant physiology. 2022 Jan., v. 268

2022

Abstract: There is some debate as to whether phytohormone metabolites should be classified as primary or secondary metabolites. Phytohormones have profound effects on growth - a typical trait of primary metabolites - yet several of them are formed from secondary ... ...

Abstract	There is some debate as to whether phytohormone metabolites should be classified as primary or secondary metabolites. Phytohormones have profound effects on growth - a typical trait of primary metabolites - yet several of them are formed from secondary metabolite precursors. This is further exacerbated by the blurred distinction between primary and secondary metabolism. What is clearer, however, is that phytohormones display distinctive regulatory mechanisms from other metabolites. Moreover, by contrast to microbial and mammalian systems, the majority of plant metabolite receptors characterized to date are hormone receptors. Here, we provide an overview of the metabolic links between primary metabolism and phytohormone biosynthesis in an attempt to complement recent reviews covering the signaling crosstalk between elements of core metabolism and the phytohormones. In doing so, we cover the biosynthesis of both the classical metabolic phytohormones namely auxins, salicylic acid, jasmonate, ethylene, cytokinins, brassinosteroids, gibberellins and abscisic acid as well as recently described plant growth regulators which have been proposed as novel phytohormones namely strigolactones blumenols, zaxinone and β-cyclocitral as well as melatonin. For each hormone, we describe the primary metabolite precursors which fuel its synthesis, act as conjugates or in the case of 2-oxoglutarate act more directly as a co-substrate in the biosynthesis of gibberellin, auxin and salicylic acid. Furthermore, several amino acids operate as hormone conjugates, such as jasmonate-conjugates. In reviewing the biosynthesis of all the phytohormones simultaneously, the exceptional intricacy of the biochemical interplay that underpins their interaction emerges.
Keywords	abscisic acid ; auxins ; biosynthesis ; brassinosteroids ; cytokinins ; ethylene ; gibberellins ; jasmonic acid ; mammals ; melatonin ; plant growth ; salicylic acid ; secondary metabolites ; strigolactones
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-01
Publishing place	Elsevier GmbH
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	283647-6
ISSN	1618-1328 ; 0176-1617
ISSN (online)	1618-1328
ISSN	0176-1617
DOI	10.1016/j.jplph.2021.153589
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Article ; Online: The reliance of phytohormone biosynthesis on primary metabolite precursors.

Fàbregas, Norma / Fernie, Alisdair R

Journal of plant physiology

2021 Volume 268, Page(s) 153589

Abstract	There is some debate as to whether phytohormone metabolites should be classified as primary or secondary metabolites. Phytohormones have profound effects on growth - a typical trait of primary metabolites - yet several of them are formed from secondary metabolite precursors. This is further exacerbated by the blurred distinction between primary and secondary metabolism. What is clearer, however, is that phytohormones display distinctive regulatory mechanisms from other metabolites. Moreover, by contrast to microbial and mammalian systems, the majority of plant metabolite receptors characterized to date are hormone receptors. Here, we provide an overview of the metabolic links between primary metabolism and phytohormone biosynthesis in an attempt to complement recent reviews covering the signaling crosstalk between elements of core metabolism and the phytohormones. In doing so, we cover the biosynthesis of both the classical metabolic phytohormones namely auxins, salicylic acid, jasmonate, ethylene, cytokinins, brassinosteroids, gibberellins and abscisic acid as well as recently described plant growth regulators which have been proposed as novel phytohormones namely strigolactones blumenols, zaxinone and β-cyclocitral as well as melatonin. For each hormone, we describe the primary metabolite precursors which fuel its synthesis, act as conjugates or in the case of 2-oxoglutarate act more directly as a co-substrate in the biosynthesis of gibberellin, auxin and salicylic acid. Furthermore, several amino acids operate as hormone conjugates, such as jasmonate-conjugates. In reviewing the biosynthesis of all the phytohormones simultaneously, the exceptional intricacy of the biochemical interplay that underpins their interaction emerges.
MeSH term(s)	Cytokinins ; Gibberellins ; Indoleacetic Acids ; Plant Growth Regulators/biosynthesis ; Plants/metabolism ; Salicylic Acid
Chemical Substances	Cytokinins ; Gibberellins ; Indoleacetic Acids ; Plant Growth Regulators ; Salicylic Acid (O414PZ4LPZ)
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-12-08
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	283647-6
ISSN	1618-1328 ; 0176-1617
ISSN (online)	1618-1328
ISSN	0176-1617
DOI	10.1016/j.jplph.2021.153589
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Article ; Online: The interface of central metabolism with hormone signaling in plants.

Fàbregas, Norma / Fernie, Alisdair R

Current biology : CB

2021 Volume 31, Issue 23, Page(s) R1535–R1548

Abstract: Amongst the myriad of metabolites produced by plants, primary metabolites and hormones play crucial housekeeping roles in the cell and are essential for proper plant growth and development. While the biosynthetic pathways of primary metabolism are well ... ...

Abstract	Amongst the myriad of metabolites produced by plants, primary metabolites and hormones play crucial housekeeping roles in the cell and are essential for proper plant growth and development. While the biosynthetic pathways of primary metabolism are well characterized, those of hormones are yet to be completely defined. Central metabolism provides precursors for hormone biosynthesis and the regulation and function of primary metabolites and hormones are tightly entwined. The combination of reverse genetics and technological advances in our ability to evaluate the levels of the molecular entities of the cell (transcripts, proteins and metabolites) has led to considerable improvements in our understanding of both the regulatory interaction between primary metabolites and hormones and its coordination in response to different conditions. Here, we provide an overview of the interaction of primary and hormone metabolism at the metabolic and signaling levels, as well as a perspective regarding the tools that can be used to tackle our current knowledge gaps at the signaling level.
MeSH term(s)	Biosynthetic Pathways ; Hormones/metabolism ; Plant Development ; Plants/metabolism ; Signal Transduction
Chemical Substances	Hormones
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-12-06
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
ZDB-ID	1071731-6
ISSN	1879-0445 ; 0960-9822
ISSN (online)	1879-0445
ISSN	0960-9822
DOI	10.1016/j.cub.2021.09.070
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Article ; Online: Is "normal" arterial blood pressure "optimal" in all patients?

García-Orellana, M / Valero, R / Fàbregas, N / de Riva, N

Revista espanola de anestesiologia y reanimacion

2020 Volume 67, Issue 2, Page(s) 53–54

Title translation	¿Es la presión arterial «normal» la presión arterial «óptima» para cada uno de nuestros pacientes?
MeSH term(s)	Arterial Pressure/physiology ; Blood Pressure/drug effects ; Blood Pressure Determination/methods ; Brain/physiology ; Cerebrovascular Circulation/physiology ; Homeostasis/physiology ; Humans ; Hypotension/complications ; Hypotension/diagnosis ; Intraoperative Complications/diagnosis ; Preoperative Care/methods ; Reference Values
Language	Spanish
Publishing date	2020-01-15
Document type	Editorial
ISSN	2341-1929
ISSN (online)	2341-1929
DOI	10.1016/j.redar.2019.11.006
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Article ; Online: Novel canine high-quality metagenome-assembled genomes, prophages and host-associated plasmids provided by long-read metagenomics together with Hi-C proximity ligation.

Cuscó, Anna / Pérez, Daniel / Viñes, Joaquim / Fàbregas, Norma / Francino, Olga

Microbial genomics

2022 Volume 8, Issue 3

Abstract: The human gut microbiome has been extensively studied, yet the canine gut microbiome is still largely unknown. The availability of high-quality genomes is essential in the fields of veterinary medicine and nutrition to unravel the biological role of key ... ...

Abstract	The human gut microbiome has been extensively studied, yet the canine gut microbiome is still largely unknown. The availability of high-quality genomes is essential in the fields of veterinary medicine and nutrition to unravel the biological role of key microbial members in the canine gut environment. Our aim was to evaluate nanopore long-read metagenomics and Hi-C (high-throughput chromosome conformation capture) proximity ligation to provide high-quality metagenome-assembled genomes (HQ MAGs) of the canine gut environment. By combining nanopore long-read metagenomics and Hi-C proximity ligation, we retrieved 27 HQ MAGs and 7 medium-quality MAGs of a faecal sample of a healthy dog. Canine MAGs (CanMAGs) improved genome contiguity of representatives from the animal and human MAG catalogues - short-read MAGs from public datasets - for the species they represented: they were more contiguous with complete ribosomal operons and at least 18 canonical tRNAs. Both canine-specific bacterial species and gut generalists inhabit the dog's gastrointestinal environment. Most of them belonged to
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Bacteria/genetics ; Dogs ; Metagenome ; Metagenomics ; Microbiota/genetics ; Plasmids/genetics ; Prophages/genetics
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-03-17
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2835258-0
ISSN	2057-5858 ; 2057-5858
ISSN (online)	2057-5858
ISSN	2057-5858
DOI	10.1099/mgen.0.000802
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Article ; Online: The metabolic response to drought.

Fàbregas, Norma / Fernie, Alisdair R

Journal of experimental botany

2019 Volume 70, Issue 4, Page(s) 1077–1085

Abstract: Metabolic regulation is one of the main mechanisms involved in the maintenance of cell osmotic potential under abiotic stress. To date, metabolite profiling approaches have been extensively used to characterize the molecular responses to abiotic stress ... ...

Abstract	Metabolic regulation is one of the main mechanisms involved in the maintenance of cell osmotic potential under abiotic stress. To date, metabolite profiling approaches have been extensively used to characterize the molecular responses to abiotic stress in many plant species. However, studies revealing the specific metabolic responses of plants exposed to water-deficit stress remain limited. Here, we review the most recent developments that advance our understanding of the metabolic response to drought stress in Arabidopsis and rice. We provide an updated schematic overview of the specific metabolic signature of wild-type plants in response to drought.
MeSH term(s)	Arabidopsis/metabolism ; Droughts ; Oryza/metabolism ; Plant Physiological Phenomena ; Stress, Physiological
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-03-01
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
ZDB-ID	2976-2
ISSN	1460-2431 ; 0022-0957
ISSN (online)	1460-2431
ISSN	0022-0957
DOI	10.1093/jxb/ery437
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Article: The metabolic response to drought

Fàbregas, Norma / Fernie, Alisdair R

Journal of experimental botany. 2019 Feb. 20, v. 70, no. 4

2019

Abstract	Metabolic regulation is one of the main mechanisms involved in the maintenance of cell osmotic potential under abiotic stress. To date, metabolite profiling approaches have been extensively used to characterize the molecular responses to abiotic stress in many plant species. However, studies revealing the specific metabolic responses of plants exposed to water-deficit stress remain limited. Here, we review the most recent developments that advance our understanding of the metabolic response to drought stress in Arabidopsis and rice. We provide an updated schematic overview of the specific metabolic signature of wild-type plants in response to drought.
Keywords	Arabidopsis ; biochemical pathways ; drought ; metabolites ; osmotic pressure ; rice ; water stress
Language	English
Dates of publication	2019-0220
Size	p. 1077-1085.
Publishing place	Oxford University Press
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2976-2
ISSN	1460-2431 ; 0022-0957
ISSN (online)	1460-2431
ISSN	0022-0957
DOI	10.1093/jxb/ery437
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Article ; Online: Role of Raf-like kinases in SnRK2 activation and osmotic stress response in plants.

Fàbregas, Norma / Yoshida, Takuya / Fernie, Alisdair R

Nature communications

2020 Volume 11, Issue 1, Page(s) 6184

Abstract: Environmental drought and high salinity impose osmotic stress, which inhibits plant growth and yield. Thus, understanding how plants respond to osmotic stress is critical to improve crop productivity. Plants have multiple signalling pathways in response ... ...

Abstract	Environmental drought and high salinity impose osmotic stress, which inhibits plant growth and yield. Thus, understanding how plants respond to osmotic stress is critical to improve crop productivity. Plants have multiple signalling pathways in response to osmotic stress in which the phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA) plays important roles. However, since little is known concerning key early components, the global osmotic stress-signalling network remains to be elucidated. Here, we review recent advances in the identification of osmotic-stress activated Raf-like protein kinases as regulators of ABA-dependent and -independent signalling pathways and discuss the plant stress-responsive kinase network from an evolutionary perspective.
MeSH term(s)	Enzyme Activation ; Osmotic Pressure ; Plants/enzymology ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; raf Kinases/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases (EC 2.7.11.1) ; raf Kinases (EC 2.7.11.1)
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-12-03
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2553671-0
ISSN	2041-1723 ; 2041-1723
ISSN (online)	2041-1723
ISSN	2041-1723
DOI	10.1038/s41467-020-19977-2
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Article ; Online: Long-read metagenomics retrieves complete single-contig bacterial genomes from canine feces.

Cuscó, Anna / Pérez, Daniel / Viñes, Joaquim / Fàbregas, Norma / Francino, Olga

BMC genomics

2021 Volume 22, Issue 1, Page(s) 330

Abstract: Background: Long-read sequencing in metagenomics facilitates the assembly of complete genomes out of complex microbial communities. These genomes include essential biologic information such as the ribosomal genes or the mobile genetic elements, which ... ...

Abstract	Background: Long-read sequencing in metagenomics facilitates the assembly of complete genomes out of complex microbial communities. These genomes include essential biologic information such as the ribosomal genes or the mobile genetic elements, which are usually missed with short-reads. We applied long-read metagenomics with Nanopore sequencing to retrieve high-quality metagenome-assembled genomes (HQ MAGs) from a dog fecal sample. Results: We used nanopore long-read metagenomics and frameshift aware correction on a canine fecal sample and retrieved eight single-contig HQ MAGs, which were > 90% complete with < 5% contamination, and contained most ribosomal genes and tRNAs. At the technical level, we demonstrated that a high-molecular-weight DNA extraction improved the metagenomics assembly contiguity, the recovery of the rRNA operons, and the retrieval of longer and circular contigs that are potential HQ MAGs. These HQ MAGs corresponded to Succinivibrio, Sutterella, Prevotellamassilia, Phascolarctobacterium, Catenibacterium, Blautia, and Enterococcus genera. Linking our results to previous gastrointestinal microbiome reports (metagenome or 16S rRNA-based), we found that some bacterial species on the gastrointestinal tract seem to be more canid-specific -Succinivibrio, Prevotellamassilia, Phascolarctobacterium, Blautia_A sp900541345-, whereas others are more broadly distributed among animal and human microbiomes -Sutterella, Catenibacterium, Enterococcus, and Blautia sp003287895. Sutterella HQ MAG is potentially the first reported genome assembly for Sutterella stercoricanis, as assigned by 16S rRNA gene similarity. Moreover, we show that long reads are essential to detect mobilome functions, usually missed in short-read MAGs. Conclusions: We recovered eight single-contig HQ MAGs from canine feces of a healthy dog with nanopore long-reads. We also retrieved relevant biological insights from these specific bacterial species previously missed in public databases, such as complete ribosomal operons and mobilome functions. The high-molecular-weight DNA extraction improved the assembly's contiguity, whereas the high-accuracy basecalling, the raw read error correction, the assembly polishing, and the frameshift correction reduced the insertion and deletion errors. Both experimental and analytical steps ensured the retrieval of complete bacterial genomes.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Burkholderiales ; Dogs ; Feces ; Genome, Bacterial ; Metagenome ; Metagenomics ; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics ; Sequence Analysis, DNA
Chemical Substances	RNA, Ribosomal, 16S
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-05-06
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	1471-2164
ISSN (online)	1471-2164
DOI	10.1186/s12864-021-07607-0
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