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  1. Article ; Online: Effects of plastic mulching on soil CO2 efflux in a cotton field in northwestern China

    Zhimin Zhao / Fengxia Shi / Fachun Guan

    Scientific Reports, Vol 12, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    2022  Volume 11

    Abstract: Abstract In Northwestern China, more and more traditional cultivation system (TC) with no mulching and flood irrigation have been replaced by modern cultivation technology (MC) combining plastic film mulching with drip irrigation. Does plastic film ... ...

    Abstract Abstract In Northwestern China, more and more traditional cultivation system (TC) with no mulching and flood irrigation have been replaced by modern cultivation technology (MC) combining plastic film mulching with drip irrigation. Does plastic film mulching increase or reduce soil CO2 emission in arid areas? In order to study the effects of plastic mulching on soil CO2 efflux, a field study was conducted to compare soil CO2 concentration, soil CO2 efflux, soil temperature and moisture between the TC treatment and the MC treatment during a cotton growing season in Northwestern China. The seasonal patterns of soil profile temperature and soil moisture in the TC treatment were similar to that in the MC treatment. The mean value of soil profile temperature in the MC treatment was higher than that in the TC treatment. Except for soil moisture at 15 cm depth, the mean value of soil moisture at 5 cm and 10 cm depths in the MC treatment was higher than that in the TC treatment. The variation patterns of soil CO2 concentration and soil CO2 efflux in MC treatment were different to that in the TC treatment. Although the peak of soil CO2 concentration in the TC treatment was earlier than that in the MC treatment, the duration of soil CO2 concentration with high values in TC treatment was shorter than that in the MC treatment. Based on the model of Fick’s first diffusion law, soil surface CO2 efflux in the MC and TC treatments were determined. The surface CO2 efflux in the TC treatment calculated by Fick’s first diffusion law model was in good agreement with the value measured by chamber method. The seasonal curve of soil surface CO2 efflux in the MC treatment indicate the similar pattern with that in the TC treatment, and the rate of CO2 efflux was lower in the MC system. In the MC treatment, the seasonal variation of soil surface efflux was explained more by soil moisture than by soil temperature. However, in the TC treatment, the seasonal variation of soil surface efflux was explained more by soil temperature than by soil moisture. Over the completely experimental period, accumulated rates of soil CO2 efflux were 361 g C m−2 and 474 g C m−2 for the MC and TC system, respectively. We concluded that converting agricultural practices from traditional cultivation to the plastic mulching cultivation could reduce soil CO2 efflux by approximately 110 g C m−2 year−1 in agricultural land in arid areas of Northwestern China.
    Keywords Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Subject code 630 ; 500
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-03-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Nature Portfolio
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  2. Article: Impacts of geese on weed communities in corn production systems and associated economic benefits

    Zhang, Yuyang / Chao Wang / Fachun Guan / Yajun Li / Zhipeng Sha

    Biological control. 2016 Aug., v. 99

    2016  

    Abstract: Weed pests directly impact crop quality and yield. We compared three different treatments on weed diversity and structure, and assessed the economic benefits of each on corn (Zea mays) production. The treatments included: raising geese in corn fields ( ... ...

    Abstract Weed pests directly impact crop quality and yield. We compared three different treatments on weed diversity and structure, and assessed the economic benefits of each on corn (Zea mays) production. The treatments included: raising geese in corn fields (hereinafter referred to as RGICF), conventional corn production with weed management (CCP) and corn fields without weed management (CK). A Shannon-Wiener diversity index and richness indicated that fields with RGICF and CK had higher weed diversity than CCP fields at early growth stages (60 and 90days after planting, hereinafter referred to as d.a.p.), but low evenness. In RGICF fields the dominance of the major weed species populations sharply decreased because of geese feeding and trampling activity. As a consequence, weed population abundances were more evenly distributed and the evenness index, richness, and Shannon-Wiener index differed from CK and CCP treatments at 120d.a.p. The RGICF treatment resulted in a yield reduction of corn. This loss, however, was compensated by the economic gains obtained from geese production and RGICF production without herbicide application should be considered as a production approach for sustainable agriculture operations.
    Keywords biological control ; corn ; crop production ; crop quality ; developmental stages ; geese ; pesticide application ; planting ; production technology ; sustainable agriculture ; trampling damage ; weed control ; weeds ; Zea mays
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2016-08
    Size p. 47-52.
    Publishing place Elsevier Inc.
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 1149971-0
    ISSN 1049-9644
    ISSN 1049-9644
    DOI 10.1016/j.biocontrol.2016.04.011
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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    In stock of ZB MED Bonn / Germany

    Z 5854: Show issues

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  3. Article: Analysis of genetic relationship on Amygdalus mira (koehne) Ricker with other peach species using simple sequence repeat (SSR)

    Peng, Mu / Chao Wang / Fachun Guan / Fanjuan Meng / Lei Tao / Rongqin Li

    Biochemical systematics and ecology. 2015 Oct., v. 62

    2015  

    Abstract: Amygdalus mira (Koehne) Ricker is native to China and has many good economical traits. However, its genetic diversity information has not been extensively studied. In this study, to assess the genetic diversity and relationships of A. mira and other ... ...

    Abstract Amygdalus mira (Koehne) Ricker is native to China and has many good economical traits. However, its genetic diversity information has not been extensively studied. In this study, to assess the genetic diversity and relationships of A. mira and other peach species (nineteen accessions from Zhengzhou, Henan Province and seven accessions from Harbin) we used simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. Here, 10 SSR primers were used, and 100% of the SSR primers were polymorphic, with an average of 5.5 alleles per primer pairs, suggesting that these primers were informative for this study. Additionally, polymorphism information content (PIC) value ranged from 0.82 to 0.96 with an average of 0.91. All the accessions were clustered into two groups (cluster 1 and cluster 2) based on SSR data. Principal coordinate analysis recovered similar results that all accessions were divided into two major clusters. The genetic variations within and among populations were 63.9% and 36.1%, respectively. In conclusion, A. mira maintains high genetic variation levels. This research will be potentially useful to aid breeding and enhance the economic and ornamental value of this wild peach.
    Keywords alleles ; breeding ; genetic relationships ; genetic techniques and protocols ; genetic variation ; microsatellite repeats ; ornamental value ; peaches ; Prunus ; China
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2015-10
    Size p. 98-105.
    Publishing place Elsevier Ltd
    Document type Article
    ISSN 0305-1978
    DOI 10.1016/j.bse.2015.06.026
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  4. Article: Evaluation of raising geese in cornfields based on emergy analysis: A case study in southeastern Tibet, China

    Sha, Zhipeng / Chao Wang / Fachun Guan / Heman Liu / Junfeng Wang / Yuyang Zhang

    Ecological engineering. 2015 Nov., v. 84

    2015  

    Abstract: Global agriculture faces a daunting challenge of feeding the increasing world population using the finite environmental resources. An efficient pathway is to integrate the agricultural and pastoral systems in rural regions. This study investigated the ... ...

    Abstract Global agriculture faces a daunting challenge of feeding the increasing world population using the finite environmental resources. An efficient pathway is to integrate the agricultural and pastoral systems in rural regions. This study investigated the hypothesis of raising geese in cornfields (RGICF), which is an ecological engineering approach based on the principle of agro-pastoral integration, and whether this production pattern should be widely applied in southeastern Tibet, China. The core idea is to utilize available resources, such as weeds, the bottom leaves of crop plants, and insects in tillage systems to raise poultry. In this study, an emergy analysis method was used to better understand the performance, input-output status, and resource-use efficiency of RGICF compared to the conventional corn planting (CCP) production pattern that was used as a control. The results showed that, compared to CCP, RGICF had a lower emergy yield ratio by 0.62, lower systematic self-organization ability by 0.07, lower environmental loading ratio by 0.51, 1.32 times higher emergy sustainable index, and 2.14 times higher emergy index of product safety. The economic benefit of RGICF was higher than that of CCP, since the gross income and the net income of RGICF were 3.11 and 2.43 times higher than those of CCP, respectively. Overall, the results showed that RGICF led to greater economic benefits and had higher sustainability, lower environmental pressure, and higher product safety compared to CCP in the studied region. Therefore, RGICF has significant ecological–economic advantages compared to CCP, and its application is highly recommended for the area of southeastern Tibet.
    Keywords agricultural land ; case studies ; corn ; crops ; ecosystem engineering ; emergy ; geese ; income ; insects ; leaves ; pastoralism ; planting ; product safety ; rural areas ; tillage ; weeds ; Zea mays ; China
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2015-11
    Size p. 485-491.
    Publishing place Elsevier B.V.
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 1127407-4
    ISSN 0925-8574
    ISSN 0925-8574
    DOI 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2015.09.025
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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    In stock of ZB MED Bonn / Germany

    Z 5865: Show issues

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  5. Article: Analysis of genetic diversity in Aconitum kongboense L. revealed by AFLP markers

    Meng, Fanjuan / Chao Wang / Fachun Guan / Mu Peng / Ruoding Wang

    Biochemical systematics and ecology. 2014 Dec., v. 57

    2014  

    Abstract: The systematic evaluation of the molecular diversity encompassed in Aconitum kongboense L. inbreds or parental lines offers an efficient means of exploiting the heterosis in A. kongboense as well as for management of biodiversity. An excellent and novel ... ...

    Abstract The systematic evaluation of the molecular diversity encompassed in Aconitum kongboense L. inbreds or parental lines offers an efficient means of exploiting the heterosis in A. kongboense as well as for management of biodiversity. An excellent and novel DNA-based molecular, amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLPs) markers, was firstly used to analysis the genetic diversity in A. kongboense genotypes. Out of 256 primers screened, a total of ten combinations successfully produced scorable, clear, reproducible and relatively high polymorphism bands, 64.12% of which were polymorphic. The values of number of polymorphic loci (NPL), percentage of polymorphic loci (PPB), observed number of alleles (Na) and effective number of alleles (Ne) were highest in population 3 (NPL = 77, PPB = 68.75%, Na = 1.688 ± 0.466, Ne = 1.412 ± 0.397) and lowest in population 2 (NPL = 57, PPB = 50.89%, Na = 1.509 ± 0.502, Ne = 1.273 ± 0.340). In addition, Jaccard's similarity coefficients among different populations varied from 0.45 to 1.00 with an average of 0.55. The data collected will contribute to identification, rational exploitation and conservation of germplasms of A. kongboense, and potentially useful to aid its breeding.
    Keywords Aconitum ; alleles ; amplified fragment length polymorphism ; biodiversity ; breeding ; data collection ; genetic variation ; genotype ; germplasm ; heterosis ; loci ; sodium
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2014-12
    Size p. 388-394.
    Publishing place Elsevier Ltd
    Document type Article
    ISSN 0305-1978
    DOI 10.1016/j.bse.2014.09.013
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  6. Article: Impacts of geese on weed communities in corn production systems and associated economic benefits

    Zhang, Yuyang / Zhipeng Sha / Fachun Guan / Chao Wang / Yajun Li

    Biological control

    Volume v. 99

    Abstract: Weed pests directly impact crop quality and yield. We compared three different treatments on weed diversity and structure, and assessed the economic benefits of each on corn (Zea mays) production. The treatments included: raising geese in corn fields ( ... ...

    Abstract Weed pests directly impact crop quality and yield. We compared three different treatments on weed diversity and structure, and assessed the economic benefits of each on corn (Zea mays) production. The treatments included: raising geese in corn fields (hereinafter referred to as RGICF), conventional corn production with weed management (CCP) and corn fields without weed management (CK). A Shannon-Wiener diversity index and richness indicated that fields with RGICF and CK had higher weed diversity than CCP fields at early growth stages (60 and 90days after planting, hereinafter referred to as d.a.p.), but low evenness. In RGICF fields the dominance of the major weed species populations sharply decreased because of geese feeding and trampling activity. As a consequence, weed population abundances were more evenly distributed and the evenness index, richness, and Shannon-Wiener index differed from CK and CCP treatments at 120d.a.p. The RGICF treatment resulted in a yield reduction of corn. This loss, however, was compensated by the economic gains obtained from geese production and RGICF production without herbicide application should be considered as a production approach for sustainable agriculture operations.
    Language English
    Document type Article
    ISSN 1049-9644
    Database AGRIS - International Information System for the Agricultural Sciences and Technology

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    This service is chargeable due to the Delivery terms set by subito. Orders including an article and supplementary material will be classified as separate orders. In these cases, fees will be demanded for each order.

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