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Article ; Online: On the use of validated ocean models to investigate the evolution of primary productivity in the Levantine Sea

Kanj Malak / Fadel Ali

Limnological Review, Vol 20, Iss 1, Pp 23-

2020 Volume 31

Abstract: Marine ecosystems are vital natural resources that contribute to the global biogeochemical cycle, food, and energy production. In order to monitor and evaluate variations of different factors for decision making processes, validated ecosystem models were ...

Abstract	Marine ecosystems are vital natural resources that contribute to the global biogeochemical cycle, food, and energy production. In order to monitor and evaluate variations of different factors for decision making processes, validated ecosystem models were used in this study to analyze the evolution of different variables: temperature and salinity concentrations (from 1987 to 2014) and nitrate, phosphate, dissolved oxygen, chlorophyll concentrations, and phytoplankton biomass (from 1999 to 2014) in four sites (from 0 to 66 m depth) along the Levantine Sea: Lebanon, Turkey, Egypt and in the Open Sea. Principal component analysis and TRIX were then applied. Spatio-temporal analysis and PCA results showed that phytoplankton biomass is temporally affected by temperature and nutrients (in all stations) as well as salinity in some cases, in addition to its decrease with depth. TRIX analysis showed that all stations had higher primary productivity, in the first half of the year (January-May). Intense anthropogenic activities in Turkey and Egypt have altered the ecosystem’s stability and affected the phytoplankton biomass.
Keywords	primary production ; spatiotemporal analysis ; limiting factors ; pca ; levantine ; Ecology ; QH540-549.5
Subject code	551
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-03-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Sciendo
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: On the use of validated ocean models to investigate the evolution of primary productivity in the Levantine Sea

Kanj, Malak / Fadel, Ali

Limnological review. 2020 Mar. 01, v. 20, no. 1

2020

Abstract	Marine ecosystems are vital natural resources that contribute to the global biogeochemical cycle, food, and energy production. In order to monitor and evaluate variations of different factors for decision making processes, validated ecosystem models were used in this study to analyze the evolution of different variables: temperature and salinity concentrations (from 1987 to 2014) and nitrate, phosphate, dissolved oxygen, chlorophyll concentrations, and phytoplankton biomass (from 1999 to 2014) in four sites (from 0 to 66 m depth) along the Levantine Sea: Lebanon, Turkey, Egypt and in the Open Sea. Principal component analysis and TRIX were then applied. Spatio-temporal analysis and PCA results showed that phytoplankton biomass is temporally affected by temperature and nutrients (in all stations) as well as salinity in some cases, in addition to its decrease with depth. TRIX analysis showed that all stations had higher primary productivity, in the first half of the year (January-May). Intense anthropogenic activities in Turkey and Egypt have altered the ecosystem’s stability and affected the phytoplankton biomass.
Keywords	biogeochemical cycles ; biomass ; chlorophyll ; energy ; evolution ; nitrates ; oxygen ; phosphates ; phytoplankton ; primary productivity ; principal component analysis ; salinity ; temperature ; Egypt ; Lebanon
Language	English
Dates of publication	2020-0301
Size	p. 23-31.
Publishing place	Sciendo
Document type	Article
Note	NAL-AP-2-clean
ZDB-ID	2759409-9
ISSN	2300-7575
ISSN	2300-7575
DOI	10.2478/limre-2020-0003
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Evolution of primary production and its drivers on the Lebanese coast between 1986 and 2013

Fadel Ali / Salameh Lama / Kanj Malak / Kobaissi Ahmad

Limnological Review, Vol 20, Iss 4, Pp 207-

2020 Volume 217

Abstract: Physical-biogeochemical models help us to understand the dynamics and the controlling factors of primary production. In this study, the outputs of a validated hydrodynamic and biogeochemical model were used to elucidate the primary production dynamics ... ...

Abstract	Physical-biogeochemical models help us to understand the dynamics and the controlling factors of primary production. In this study, the outputs of a validated hydrodynamic and biogeochemical model were used to elucidate the primary production dynamics between 1992 and 2012 for three studied sites on the Lebanese coast: Naqoura, Beirut, and Tripoli. The results showed that primary production presents a homogeneous spatial distribution along the Lebanese coastline. The phytoplankton community has a low optimal temperature. The thermocline develops in March, with maximum stratification in August and fades in October. Chlorophyll, dissolved oxygen and salinity were positively correlated throughout the water column. A significant increasing trend of sea surface temperature was found on the Lebanese coast over 27 years, between 1986 and 2013. Annual averages increased from 22°C in 1986 to 23.1°C in 2013 with the highest recorded average temperature of 23.7 °C in 2010.
Keywords	temperature ; nutrients ; chlorophyll ; dynamics ; global warming ; Ecology ; QH540-549.5
Subject code	551
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-12-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Sciendo
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: Water Quality Index variations in a Mediterranean reservoir: a multivariate statistical analysis relating it to different variables over 8 years

Fadel, Ali / Kanj, Malak / Slim, Kamal

Environmental earth sciences. 2021 Jan., v. 80, no. 2

2021

Abstract: Evaluating the status of the water quality of freshwater bodies is crucial for safe use. In this work, the water quality of an understudied Mediterranean reservoir was investigated, using Water Quality Index (WQI) and principle component analysis (PCA) ... ...

Abstract	Evaluating the status of the water quality of freshwater bodies is crucial for safe use. In this work, the water quality of an understudied Mediterranean reservoir was investigated, using Water Quality Index (WQI) and principle component analysis (PCA) during an 8-year study period, between 2009 and 2016. The WQI was analyzed based on weighted sum aggregation function, considering the following variables: temperature, salinity, pH, conductivity, dissolved oxygen, nitrate, nitrite, ammonia, phosphate, sulfate, and total dissolved solids. After describing the evolution of these variables, WQI was evaluated. It was mostly moderate and showed a deteriorating trend between 2009 and 2016. This deterioration was due to the previously weakened water infrastructure that was furthermore impacted by the sudden increase in the habitants of the basin following Syrian refugees influx after 2011 Syrian crisis. In a new approach, WQI results were also compared to river inflow, reservoir water depth and precipitation. WQI increased with the increased water depth and water volume of the reservoir showing better water quality. Monthly precipitation above 250 mm showed better water quality and increased WQI. No clear relation was found between the WQI and the river flow. PCA analysis indicated that water quality in the reservoir was affected by erosion and fertilizers. WQI results agreed with Carlson Trophic State Index previously applied to the reservoir. These innovative results linking WQI to hydrological variables, urbanization, and trophic index together with the incorporation of PCA with WQI provide a multidimensional nature of water quality evaluation concept.
Keywords	ammonia ; atmospheric precipitation ; basins ; evolution ; freshwater ; infrastructure ; multivariate analysis ; nitrates ; nitrites ; oxygen ; pH ; phosphates ; principal component analysis ; river flow ; rivers ; salinity ; sulfates ; temperature ; urbanization ; water quality
Language	English
Dates of publication	2021-01
Size	p. 65.
Publishing place	Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Document type	Article
Note	NAL-AP-2-clean
ZDB-ID	2493699-6
ISSN	1866-6299 ; 1866-6280
ISSN (online)	1866-6299
ISSN	1866-6280
DOI	10.1007/s12665-020-09364-x
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Evolution of primary production and its drivers on the Lebanese coast between 1986 and 2013

Fadel, Ali / Salameh, Lama / Kanj, Malak / Kobaissi, Ahmad

Limnological review. 2020 Dec. 01, v. 20, no. 4

2020

Abstract	Physical-biogeochemical models help us to understand the dynamics and the controlling factors of primary production. In this study, the outputs of a validated hydrodynamic and biogeochemical model were used to elucidate the primary production dynamics between 1992 and 2012 for three studied sites on the Lebanese coast: Naqoura, Beirut, and Tripoli. The results showed that primary production presents a homogeneous spatial distribution along the Lebanese coastline. The phytoplankton community has a low optimal temperature. The thermocline develops in March, with maximum stratification in August and fades in October. Chlorophyll, dissolved oxygen and salinity were positively correlated throughout the water column. A significant increasing trend of sea surface temperature was found on the Lebanese coast over 27 years, between 1986 and 2013. Annual averages increased from 22°C in 1986 to 23.1°C in 2013 with the highest recorded average temperature of 23.7 °C in 2010.
Keywords	chlorophyll ; coasts ; evolution ; hydrodynamics ; models ; oxygen ; phytoplankton ; primary productivity ; salinity ; surface water temperature ; Lebanon
Language	English
Dates of publication	2020-1201
Size	p. 207-217.
Publishing place	Sciendo
Document type	Article
Note	NAL-AP-2-clean
ZDB-ID	2759409-9
ISSN	2300-7575
ISSN	2300-7575
DOI	10.2478/limre-2020-0020
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Distribution of hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotypes in a Saudi Arabian hospital during the 2015-2020 period.

Almosa, Fadel Ali M / Alnasser, Ali Hassan A / Al-Tawfiq, Jaffar A

Le infezioni in medicina

2021 Volume 29, Issue 3, Page(s) 450–455

Abstract: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is the leading cause of chronic liver disease. HCV genotypes and subtypes are important predictors of disease progression and antiviral treatment response. To our knowledge, there had been limited studies of HCV genotypes in Qatif, ...

Abstract	Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is the leading cause of chronic liver disease. HCV genotypes and subtypes are important predictors of disease progression and antiviral treatment response. To our knowledge, there had been limited studies of HCV genotypes in Qatif, Saudi Arabia. This study aims to assess the distribution of HCV genotypes in Qatif Central Hospital, Qatif, Saudi Arabia. This is a retrospective study of adult patients with HCV infection between January 2015 and December 2020. Only patients with documented HCV genotyping were included. A total of 356 HCVinfected patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were included in further analysis. Of those patients, 179 (50.3%) were males, and most were Saudi (N=347, 97.5%). The median age was 60 years, and 191 (53.7%) were 50-69 years of age. Genotype 2 was present in 118 (33.1%) of the patients, followed by genotype 4 in 92 (25.8%), genotype 1B in 62 (17.4%), and genotype 1A in 37 (10.4%). The study showed that HCV genotype 2 is the predominant variant among chronic HCV patients in the study population. Monitoring the epidemiology of HCV genotypes may provide guidance in treatment decisions.
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-09-10
Publishing country	Italy
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2041081-5
ISSN	2532-8689 ; 1124-9390
ISSN (online)	2532-8689
ISSN	1124-9390
DOI	10.53854/liim-2903-16
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Better irrigation management using the satellite-based adjusted single crop coefficient (aKc) for over sixty crop types in California, USA

Mhawej, Mario / Nasrallah, Ali / Abunnasr, Yaser / Fadel, Ali / Faour, Ghaleb

Agricultural water management. 2021 Oct. 01, v. 256

2021

Abstract: Several Surface Energy Balance (SEB) models are currently used to unleash the boundless potential of Geographic Information System (GIS) and Remote Sensing (RS) techniques. Their main output, namely the actual evapotranspiration (ETa), is required for ... ...

Abstract	Several Surface Energy Balance (SEB) models are currently used to unleash the boundless potential of Geographic Information System (GIS) and Remote Sensing (RS) techniques. Their main output, namely the actual evapotranspiration (ETa), is required for the assessment of water budget at basin, regional and national levels. Still, the lack of the required expertise coupled with sometimes missing input data limits their usage by researchers, policy makers, water managers and farmers. In this study, a novel comprehensive monthly adjusted crop coefficients (aKc) list was produced, in which these coefficients are usually used to retrieve the much-needed ETa using the climate-sensitive reference crop evapotranspiration (ET₀). More particularly, the ETa is calculated for more than sixty different crop types present in the Mediterranean-climate California, United States. It is based on the two consecutive years of 2018 and 2019, which were wet and dry, respectively. The Google Earth Engine (GEE) version of the Surface Energy Balance Algorithm for Land-Improved (SEBALI), surnamed SEBALIGEE, with an Absolute Mean Error (AME) of 9.56 mm/month in the study area was used along the annual crop map from the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). The main results showed that the average monthly aKc values ranged between 0.45 and 1.53. More specifically, October and November presented the lowest aKc values averaged among all crop types with aKc values around 0.76. On the other hand, March, April and June had the largest average aKc values at nearly 1.17. The monthly aKc values of the 60 crops studied in the plain of California, would potentially assist authorities and hydrologists to better calculate the actual monthly plant water consumption, in a simpler way over the upcoming years.
Keywords	Internet ; Mediterranean climate ; USDA ; algorithms ; annuals ; basins ; crop coefficient ; energy balance ; evapotranspiration ; geographic information systems ; irrigation management ; issues and policy ; satellites ; water budget ; California
Language	English
Dates of publication	2021-1001
Publishing place	Elsevier B.V.
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	751144-9
ISSN	1873-2283 ; 0378-3774
ISSN (online)	1873-2283
ISSN	0378-3774
DOI	10.1016/j.agwat.2021.107059
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Monthly 10-m evapotranspiration rates retrieved by SEBALI with Sentinel-2 and MODIS LST data

Allam, Mona / Mhawej, Mario / Meng, Qingyan / Faour, Ghaleb / Abunnasr, Yaser / Fadel, Ali / Xinli, Hu

Agricultural water management. 2021 Jan. 01, v. 243

2021

Abstract: Actual and potential evapotranspiration (ET) are important variables for regional and global environmental modelling. These elements provide better understanding and management of the hydrological cycle, particularly in relation to several environmental ... ...

Abstract	Actual and potential evapotranspiration (ET) are important variables for regional and global environmental modelling. These elements provide better understanding and management of the hydrological cycle, particularly in relation to several environmental stresses affecting ecosystems. With the advancement of airborne techniques, remote sensing approaches have enabled an accurate estimation of crop actual ET with limited field visits. In this study, an enhanced version (i.e. m-SEBALI) of the improved surface energy balance model for land, surnamed SEBALI, will be presented. Main improvements concern the retrieval of 10-m ET values using Sentinel-2 images and MODIS Terra LST 1-km datasets. The other enhancement considers the usage of monthly-only climatic datasets, instead of the required hourly, daily and monthly data in SEBALI. Calibrations and validations were made in China, Belgium, Germany, Lebanon and Italy between 2013 and 2017, yielding adequate RSME (i.e. 20.06 mm/month) and AME (i.e. 15.69 mm/month) values. These countries represent four different climatic regions (i.e. continental semi-arid, Monsoon-influenced warm-summer humid continental, Mediterranean hot summer and Oceanic climates). Thus, Landast-8 thermal bands will be unnecessary to implement SEBALI. Also, the conversion between hourly and daily climatic data and monthly climatic datasets in SEBALI showed a Pearson value of 93.3 %. Thus, seven of the required inputs in SEBALI were eliminated in m-SEBALI, saving on time and resources. Furthermore, the wheat seasonal trend is produced in the Bekaa valley, Lebanon, between November 2018 and July 2019, showing an average ET value of 620 mm in a region with 510 mm of precipitations during the same period. Two peaks were visible in January and May signaling the different wheat phenological stages. The importance of m-SEBALI lies in providing an automated retrieval of 10-m ET, biomass production and water productivity (WP), among other variables, in diverse climatic regions. Such improvements shall improve the assessment of ET and WP towards better management of water resources, particularly in regions lacking some required inputs.
Keywords	automation ; biomass production ; data collection ; energy balance ; evapotranspiration ; hydrologic cycle ; phenology ; summer ; water management ; wheat ; Belgium ; China ; Germany ; Italy ; Lebanon
Language	English
Dates of publication	2021-0101
Publishing place	Elsevier B.V.
Document type	Article
Note	NAL-AP-2-clean
ZDB-ID	751144-9
ISSN	1873-2283 ; 0378-3774
ISSN (online)	1873-2283
ISSN	0378-3774
DOI	10.1016/j.agwat.2020.106432
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Book ; Online: Taqyim

Alyafeai, Zaid / Alshaibani, Maged S. / AlKhamissi, Badr / Luqman, Hamzah / Alareqi, Ebrahim / Fadel, Ali

Evaluating Arabic NLP Tasks Using ChatGPT Models

2023

Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive performance on various downstream tasks without requiring fine-tuning, including ChatGPT, a chat-based model built on top of LLMs such as GPT-3.5 and GPT-4. Despite having a lower training ... ...

Abstract	Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive performance on various downstream tasks without requiring fine-tuning, including ChatGPT, a chat-based model built on top of LLMs such as GPT-3.5 and GPT-4. Despite having a lower training proportion compared to English, these models also exhibit remarkable capabilities in other languages. In this study, we assess the performance of GPT-3.5 and GPT-4 models on seven distinct Arabic NLP tasks: sentiment analysis, translation, transliteration, paraphrasing, part of speech tagging, summarization, and diacritization. Our findings reveal that GPT-4 outperforms GPT-3.5 on five out of the seven tasks. Furthermore, we conduct an extensive analysis of the sentiment analysis task, providing insights into how LLMs achieve exceptional results on a challenging dialectal dataset. Additionally, we introduce a new Python interface https://github.com/ARBML/Taqyim that facilitates the evaluation of these tasks effortlessly.
Keywords	Computer Science - Computation and Language
Subject code	410
Publishing date	2023-06-28
Publishing country	us
Document type	Book ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: Alveolar Paratesticular Rhabdomyosarcoma in an Adult Patient Mimicking Epididymo-Orchitis: A Case Report and a Literature Review.

Al Ghamdi, Ahmed S / Alharbi, Naif M / Miyajan, Khalil F / Hazzazi, Aseel A / Fadel, Ali A / Tabba, Numan

Cureus

2022 Volume 14, Issue 5, Page(s) e24786

Abstract: The majority of patients with paratesticular rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) present in the pediatric age group with a unilateral, painless, palpable scrotum mass. By contrast, cases of RMS presenting as painful edema are rare. We present a case of alveolar ... ...

Abstract	The majority of patients with paratesticular rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) present in the pediatric age group with a unilateral, painless, palpable scrotum mass. By contrast, cases of RMS presenting as painful edema are rare. We present a case of alveolar paratesticular RMS in a 30-year-old man who had been suffering from a painful swelling of the scrotum on the left side for two years and a preceding mass four months before visiting the clinic. Complete resection of the left epididymal mass was performed through a left inguinal incision. The histopathological and immunohistochemical examination of the mass revealed alveolar RMS of the paratesticular region. Urologists should be aware that paratesticular RMS may present in adults with atypical symptoms such as scrotal pain and edema, especially in those who do not respond to antibiotics. Hence, such patients should have an additional evaluation.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-05-06
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Case Reports
ZDB-ID	2747273-5
ISSN	2168-8184
ISSN	2168-8184
DOI	10.7759/cureus.24786
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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