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  1. AU="Fadwa M. AlKhulaifi"
  2. AU="Ghazal, Mohammed"
  3. AU="Kang, Ligai"
  4. AU=Hofmann Matthias
  5. AU="Nagehan Emiralioglu"
  6. AU="Zhao, Wen-yu"
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  13. AU=Wen Xue
  14. AU="Frasca, Graziella"
  15. AU="Kim, Christopher"
  16. AU="Ammerlaan, Carola M E"
  17. AU="Argañaraz, Gustavo A"
  18. AU="Del Fernandes, Rosephine"
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  1. Article ; Online: Biochemical characterization of chamomile essential oil

    Nada F. Alahmady / Fadwa M. Alkhulaifi / Maha Abdullah Momenah / Asmaa Ali Alharbi / Aminah Allohibi / Nouf H. Alsubhi / Wafaa Ahmed Alhazmi

    Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences, Vol 31, Iss 2, Pp 103912- (2024)

    Antioxidant, antibacterial, anticancer and neuroprotective activity and potential treatment for Alzheimer's disease

    2024  

    Abstract: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) causes dementia among older adults, increasing the global burden of dementia. Therefore, this study investigates the potential neuroprotective, antioxidant, and anticancer effects of chamomile essential oil (CCO) in Alzheimer’s ... ...

    Abstract Alzheimer’s disease (AD) causes dementia among older adults, increasing the global burden of dementia. Therefore, this study investigates the potential neuroprotective, antioxidant, and anticancer effects of chamomile essential oil (CCO) in Alzheimer’s disease. CCO’s main volatile compounds (VOCs) were α-bisabolol, camazulene, and bisabolol oxide A, representing 81 % of all VOCs. CCO scavenged 93 % of DPPH free radicals and inhibited the pathogenic bacteria, i.e., Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella typhi, besides reducing 89 % of brain cancer cell lines (U87). Eighty albino rats were randomized into four groups: standard control, Alzheimer’s disease group caused by AlCl3, and treated groups. The results indicated that the mean value of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), amyloid precursor protein (APP), amyloid beta (Aβ), caspase-3, & B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) was significantly elevated due to the harmful effect of AlCl3; however, CCO downregulated these values, and this effect was attributed to the considerable volatile compounds and phenolic compounds content. Additionally, CCO rats showed a significant increment in noradrenergic (NE), dopaminergic (DO), and serotoninergic systems with relative increases of 50, 50, and 14 % compared to diseased rats. The brain histology of CCO-treated rats showed a significant reduction in neuronal degeneration and improved brain changes, and its histology was close to that of the control brain. The results indicated that CCO offers a new strategy that could be used as an antioxidant and neuroprotective agent for AD due to its considerable contents of antioxidants and anti-inflammatory compounds.
    Keywords Alzheimer’s disease ; Anticancer ; Antioxidant ; Norepinephrine ; Dopamine ; Serotonin ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
    Subject code 571
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Elsevier
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  2. Article ; Online: Effect of incorporation of Spirulina platensis into fish diets, on growth performance and biochemical composition of Nile Tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus

    Norah M. AlMulhim / Promy Virk / Abdelwahab A Abdelwarith / Fadwa M. AlKhulaifi

    Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Research, Vol 49, Iss 4, Pp 537-

    2023  Volume 541

    Abstract: The aquaculture industry is facing a growing need for a cost-effective, sustainable, and highly nutritious alternative to fish meal (FM) due to the increasing gap between supply and demand. This study investigated the effect of substituting (FM) with ... ...

    Abstract The aquaculture industry is facing a growing need for a cost-effective, sustainable, and highly nutritious alternative to fish meal (FM) due to the increasing gap between supply and demand. This study investigated the effect of substituting (FM) with probiotics (Spirulina platensis) in fish feed on the survival, growth, and biochemical parameters of Oreochromis niloticus. Live tilapia fingerlings were stocked in 100-l glass aquaria. The feeding regimen consisted of four controls: commercial feed (C), formulated feed with FM (FMR0), and formulated feeds with 25% and 50% replacement of FM (FMR25, and FMR50), respectively. The trial groups included FMR25S5 (25% FM replacement with 5% Spirulina), FMR50S5 (50% FM replacement with 5% Spirulina), FMR25S10 (25% FM replacement with 10% Spirulina), and FMR50S10 (50% FM replacement with 10% Spirulina). The trial period lasted for 24 weeks. Weight gain (WG) was most pronounced in FMR50S10 (p < 0.05). The SGR (specific growth rate) was highest for FMR50S10, FMR50S5, and FMR50. A similar pattern was exhibited in the FMR50S10 group for length gain (LG). The protein efficiency ratio (PER) values were maximum in FMR50, FMR50S5, and FMR50S10. FMR25S10, FMR0, and FMR25 exhibited the highest feed intake (FI) (p < 0.05). Trial diets supplemented with Spirulina enhanced the activities of SOD, CAT, and MPO. FMR25S10 exhibited the highest GPx activity and appreciable flesh quality. Collectively, S. platensis enhanced growth and feed utilization and modulated biochemical endpoints in feeds.
    Keywords Oreochromis niloticus ; Spirulina platensis ; Growth performance ; Fishmeal ; Aquaculture. Fisheries. Angling ; SH1-691 ; Environmental sciences ; GE1-350
    Subject code 590
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-12-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Elsevier
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  3. Article ; Online: Killer immunoglobulin-like receptors and HLA C1/C2 genes diversities and susceptibility to acute myeloid leukemia in Saudi Arabian patients

    Fadwa Albalawi / Fadwa M AlKhulaifi / Jameel Al-Tamimi / Lamjed Mansour / Yusra Tashkandy / Suliman Yousef Alomar

    Journal of King Saud University: Science, Vol 35, Iss 6, Pp 102723- (2023)

    2023  

    Abstract: Objective: Natural Killer cells activation depends on the interaction with killer cell immunoglobin-like receptors (KIRs), which bind the peptide-binding region of several class-I Human Leukocyte Antigens (HLA class-I). In addition, KIR and HLA loci are ... ...

    Abstract Objective: Natural Killer cells activation depends on the interaction with killer cell immunoglobin-like receptors (KIRs), which bind the peptide-binding region of several class-I Human Leukocyte Antigens (HLA class-I). In addition, KIR and HLA loci are highly polymorphic and display significant variation between individuals. Methods: We attempted to investigate the association of 16 KIR complexes and the HLA-C1 and C2 ligands to the genetic predisposition and development of Acute Lymphoblastic leukemia (AML) in Saudi Arabian patients. We genotyped 16 KIR genes for 100 patients with Acute Lymphoblastic leukemia and 114 healthy controls, and all samples were considered for evaluating combined KIR-HLA C1/C2 associations. Results: KIR genotype frequency differed significantly between AML patients and healthy controls. KIR2DL1, KIR2DL5, and KIR2DS2 increased significantly in patients than in controls. The 2DL5 gene contributed to the highest risk of AML (OR = 2.9906, p < 0.00059), followed by 2DS2 (OR = 1.8068; p < 0.039). However, the incidence of KIR 2DL3, KIR2DS4, and KIR2DL2 was significantly elevated in healthy controls compared to myeloid leukemia patients. The distributions of HLA-C1 and C2 ligands were not significantly different between patients and controls. Analyses of different combinations of KIR/HLA class I ligand profile show that the frequency of KIR2DL3 + in the presence of the allotype C1 was decreased among AML patients compared to controls. Similarly, KIR2DL3 and KIR2DL2/2DL3, when combined with their respective ligands, HLA-C2/C1, were significantly less prevalent in AML patients when compared to controls. Conclusion: Our data suggested a potential predictive role for a specific KIR genotype, and HLA-I encoding genes to AML risk.
    Keywords Killer immunoglobulin-like receptors ; HLA C1/C2 ; Acute Myeloid Leukemia ; Natural Killer cells ; Saudi Arabia ; Science (General) ; Q1-390
    Subject code 610
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-08-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Elsevier
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  4. Article ; Online: Relationship between KIR genotypes and HLA-ligands with SARS-CoV-2 infection in the Saudi population

    Suliman Alomar / Afrah Alkhuriji / Fadwa M. Alkhulaifi / Lamjed Mansour / Abdullah Al-jurayyan / Ghadeer S. Aldossari / Aishah Eid Albalawi / Abdullah D. Alanazi

    Journal of King Saud University: Science, Vol 35, Iss 1, Pp 102416- (2023)

    1480  

    Abstract: Aim: To ascertain whether killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIR) genes polymorphisms and HLA-I ligands are associated with COVID-19 in Saudi Arabia. Methods: Eighty-seven COVID-19 patients who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 and one hundred and ... ...

    Abstract Aim: To ascertain whether killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIR) genes polymorphisms and HLA-I ligands are associated with COVID-19 in Saudi Arabia. Methods: Eighty-seven COVID-19 patients who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 and one hundred and fourteen healthy controls were enrolled in this study for genotyping of the 16 KIR genes, HLA-C1 and -C2 allotypes and HLA-G 14-bp indels polymorphisms using the sequence specific primer polymerase chain reaction (SSP-PCR) method. KIR genotype frequency differences and combination KIR-HLA-C ligand were tested for significance. Results: Framework genes KIR2DL4, KIR3DL2, KIR3DL3, and KIR3DP2 were present in all individuals. The frequencies of KIR2DL2 and KIR2D4 were higher in COVID-19 positive patients than in healthy individuals. The frequencies of the combination KIR2DL2-HLA-C2 was also significantly higher in patients affected by COVID-19 compared with healthy controls. Conclusion: It was found that the inhibitory KIR2DL2 gene in isolation or combined with its HLA-C2 ligand could be associated with susceptibility to COVID-19 in the Saudi population.
    Keywords COVID-19 ; KIR ; Saudi Population ; HLA-G ; HLA-C1 ; HLA-C2 ; Science (General) ; Q1-390
    Subject code 616
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Elsevier
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  5. Article ; Online: Association between Toll-like receptor 4 polymorphism and Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia susceptibility in Saudi Arabian patients

    Fadwa M. AlKhulaifi / Afrah Alkhuriji / Lamjed Mansour / Abdullah Al-jurayyan / Norah M.A. Al-Mulhim / Yusra A. Tashkandy / Ghadeer S. Aldossari / Suliman Alomar

    Journal of King Saud University: Science, Vol 34, Iss 4, Pp 101985- (2022)

    2022  

    Abstract: Objective: Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play a critical role in initiating an immune response against infections. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNP) and the expression of TLR4 gene with the ...

    Abstract Objective: Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play a critical role in initiating an immune response against infections. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNP) and the expression of TLR4 gene with the risk and prognosis of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in the Saudi population. Methods: SNPs at rs4986790 (A/G) rs1927906 (C/T) and rs7856729 (G/T) were genotyped in 265 subjects, including150 patients and 115 community-matched healthy controls from a Saudi ethnic population. Using quantitative reverse transciptase PCR, the mRNA expression of TLR4 was compared between the two subgroup. Results: Single nucleotide polymorphisms of the TLR4 in the 3’ UTR region and the fourth exon, were found to be associated with the risk of ALL. Individuals carrying the heterozygous genotype for the rs4986790 AG are significantly decreased ALL risk (OR: 0.313; 95% CI: 0.150–0.655; P = 0.002). Furthermore, the CT genotype of the rs1927906 was significantly associated with the protection against ALL (OR: 0.305; 95% CI: 0.167–0.557; P = 0.00007). Moreover, the mRNA expression of TLR4 was significantly higher in patients with ALL than in healthy individuals (P < 0.001). Conclusion: This is the first study focusing on the TLR4 gene variants in leukemia patients in the Saudi population.These results suggested that TLR4 rs4986790 (AG) and rs1927906 (CT) polymorphisms may play an important protective role against ALL. In addition, the increased expression of the TLR4 gene in leukemic samples could serve as a novel potential prognostic factor for this receptor, especially in ALL cases.
    Keywords Acute lymphoblastic leukemia ; Polymorphism ; Gene expression ; Toll like receptor ; Saudi population ; Science (General) ; Q1-390
    Subject code 616
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-06-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Elsevier
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  6. Article ; Online: Thymus Gland

    Ebtesam A. Al-Suhaimi / Meneerah A. Aljafary / Fadwa M. Alkhulaifi / Hanan A. Aldossary / Thamer Alshammari / Ayman AL-Qaaneh / Razan Aldahhan / Zahra Alkhalifah / Zagit Z. Gaymalov / Adeeb Shehzad / Abdelgadir M. Homeida

    Vaccines, Vol 9, Iss 1119, p

    A Double Edge Sword for Coronaviruses

    2021  Volume 1119

    Abstract: The thymus is the main lymphoid organ that regulates the immune and endocrine systems by controlling thymic cell proliferation and differentiation. The gland is a primary lymphoid organ responsible for generating mature T cells into CD4+ or CD8+ single- ... ...

    Abstract The thymus is the main lymphoid organ that regulates the immune and endocrine systems by controlling thymic cell proliferation and differentiation. The gland is a primary lymphoid organ responsible for generating mature T cells into CD4+ or CD8+ single-positive (SP) T cells, contributing to cellular immunity. Regarding humoral immunity, the thymic plasma cells almost exclusively secrete IgG1 and IgG3, the two main complement-fixing effector IgG subclasses. Deformity in the thymus can lead to inflammatory diseases. Hassall’s corpuscles’ epithelial lining produces thymic stromal lymphopoietin, which induces differentiation of CDs thymocytes into regulatory T cells within the thymus medulla. Thymic B lymphocytes produce immunoglobulins and immunoregulating hormones, including thymosin. Modulation in T cell and naive T cells decrement due to thymus deformity induce alteration in the secretion of various inflammatory factors, resulting in multiple diseases. Influenza virus activates thymic CD4+ CD8+ thymocytes and a large amount of IFNγ. IFNs limit virus spread, enhance macrophages’ phagocytosis, and promote the natural killer cell restriction activity against infected cells. Th2 lymphocytes-produced cytokine IL-4 can bind to antiviral INFγ, decreasing the cell susceptibility and downregulating viral receptors. COVID-19 epitopes (S, M, and N proteins) with ≥90% identity to the SARS-CoV sequence have been predicted. These epitopes trigger immunity for antibodies production. Boosting the immune system by improving thymus function can be a therapeutic strategy for preventing virus-related diseases. This review aims to summarize the endocrine-immunoregulatory functions of the thymus and the underlying mechanisms in the prevention of COVID-19.
    Keywords hedging ; transaction costs ; dynamic programming ; risk management ; post-decision state variable ; Medicine ; R
    Subject code 570
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-10-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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